JPS5840725A - Circuit breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to this oscillating circuit breaker, and particularly to a circuit breaker with improved current-limiting performance when the current is LJP'l111.

A general circuit with an interrupter [Figure 1 (&), (b)
c Therefore, it will be explained. Figure 1 (&) Hanping sectional view, same figure (1
) is a side sectional view of the mat 1-11C in the same figure (1).

In Figure 111 (&) (kl), the enclosure (1) forming the outer frame of the circuit breaker is equipped with a discharge port (101), and the fixed contact (2) is fixed to the enclosure (1). A fixed conductor (201) and a point (201) fixed at one end thereof.
202).

t7? :%jU moving contact) is a fixed conductor (201)
It consists of a movable conductor (301) and a movable contact (302) whose one end is fixed in order to perform am operation with respect to c.

The movable conductor (301) is opened and closed by the tj operation mechanism section (4). Fixed contact (202) and movable contact (30
2) A 7-way space gffd arc extinguishing plate (6) is provided, and the arc extinguishing plate (5)
), has a cutout groove (501) open on the (502) side. - Movable contact (502) and fixed contact (202)
If we consider the case where and are closed, the current flows through the solid self-conductor (
201) → Fixed contact (202) → Movable contact (302) →
Flows through a movable conductor (5(N)#) path. When a large current such as this path r short-circuit current flows, the operating mechanism section (4) operates to separate the movable contact (302) from the fixed contact (202). At this time - fixed contact (202) and movable contact (5oz
) and with Rimu w:, 11! A rice field occurs. This arc voltage increases as the separation distance of the movable contact (302) from the fixed contact (202) increases. 1b At the same time, the T-rim is drawn toward the arc-extinguishing plate (5) by the magnetic force and expands, so the arc voltage rises roughly.

After performing IIC in this manner, the end current reaches the current zero point, and the end current is extinguished by L%, and the L% cutoff is completed. During such critical operation, the movable contact (502) and the fixed contact (20
Between 2) and 5, a large amount of energy is generated within a short period of time, ie, several milliseconds. That lick
The temperature of the gas inside the enclosure (1) rises and the pressure rises dramatically. This high temperature and high EE gas is discharged from the exhaust port (101
) is released into the atmosphere.

The circuit, the disconnector, and its internal components Fi - its disconnection f @ operates as in the 1st generation, but then the fixed contact (2
Regarding the operation of 02) and the possible IEII contact (302),
Especially explained.

The one-time resistor R is given by the following formula.

R=# - Flatness % R= Arc resistance (Ω) ρ: 7-ta resistivity (Ω・m) t: Arc length (3) S: 7-even cross-sectional area (-) Lkarrl general TIc tolerance In a short 7-tom with a large current of more than 50 mm and an arc length of less than 50 mm, the Lt-L space is occupied by the metal particles of the conductor whose surface has the Lt-L. (4) This emission of metal particles occurs in a direction perpendicular to the conductor surface. In addition, the released metal particles have a temperature close to the boiling point of the conductive metal at the time of release, and as soon as they are injected into space, they are heated to high temperature and high pressure due to the injection of 11% energy. At the same time, it becomes conductive, expands in a direction that follows the pressure distribution in the arc space, and flows away from the conductor at high speed. The arc resistivity ρ and the arc cross-sectional area S in the space are determined by the amount of metal particles generated and the direction in which they are released. Therefore, the final wFE is also destroyed by such a motion of the metal particles.

Next, we will examine the behavior of such metal particles using LA for @IFIit.
? Explain A, 1i211fktnT, Contact J (202)
, (502), each Xll#i contact (202),
(302) is the opposing surface in case of contact, and the contact point (20
2), ($02) each indicate the contact surface and a part of the conductor surface other than the The metal particles 1 and the metal particles are the contact point (202).

The respective metal particles emitted by Tsubame et al. from the first plane and Ym of (302) are schematically shown. Therefore, the emission direction is the direction of each streamline indicated by the arrow Otori and nic, respectively.

The energy of the metal particles released from such contacts (202) and (302) increases the temperature at which the conductive metal becomes conductive from about 600 to 100 m, which is the boiling point temperature of the conductive metal, i.e., s, The temperature is raised to over oooc or even higher temperature of about 20,000℃,
In the process of temperature increase, energy is removed from the arc space, lowering the temperature of the arc space and increasing the arc resistance. In addition, gold particles a, btIi from Ryo-Yu space
The amount of energy exerted is greater as the degree of temperature rise of the metal particles increases, and the degree of temperature rise increases at the contact point (202),
Metal particle breath emitted from C3O2).

・Determined by the position in the arc space VC and the emission path. Because of L$, in the conventional circuit breaker shown in Figure 2, metal particles emitted from near the center of %X[Tl take away a large amount of energy from the space,
The metal particles 'kltf' emitted from the L or 4 side inward side and the Y side, which is a part of the conductor surface, take less energy Vh* from the arc space than metal particles 1.

That is, in the range where the metal particles 1 flow, the metal particles absorb a large amount of energy, lowering the temperature of the space and increasing the arc resistivity p, but the metal particles 11
In the 0-flow range vc, the metal particles II do not take away a large amount of energy, so the temperature of the T-space decreases little, and for the sake of caution, it is not possible to increase the R-Y resistivity.
Moreover, since arcs are generated from the X and Y planes,
The cross-sectional area increases and the cross-section resistance decreases.

Since the outflow of energy from the arc space by such metal particles is balanced with the electrical injection energy, if the amount of metal particles generated between the contacts to be injected into the arc space is increased. In this case, it is known that it is possible to naturally decrease the temperature of the arc space, thereby increasing the voltage resistivity and increasing the voltage. The major drawback of the contact conductor is that the 7-ter foot tends to expand directly to the joint with the conductor, which is often provided on this Y-plane, and the 7-ter foot tends to expand to the Y-plane. This is the point where there is a risk that the joining member having a low melting point will cause the melted L1 contact to fall off due to this heat.

An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker which has a high -γ-reduction gE, good current-limiting performance at the time of disconnection, and no LTh and contact dropout. The conductor surface around the contact point is covered with a pressure reflector made of a ceramic inorganic insulator coated with a paste-like heat-resistant inorganic adhesive mainly composed of fire-resistant ceramic and inorganic polymer. There is a method that attempts to improve the current limiting performance by forcibly injecting four gold particles into the arc air when the current leakage occurs.

Next, let's look at an example of this issue! & FIG. 4 and FIG. 4K will therefore be explained.

'115 Figure (&) Overall side cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker with k'1-II cut out, Figure (II) is the same figure (Xu no Mato 1-1
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the action of the pressure reflector.

(1) is an enclosure made of an insulator, which forms the outer frame of the circuit breaker, and is provided with a gas outlet (101). Fixed contact (2) Consists of 20 Fi fixed conductors and a fixed contact (202) that is not fixed to one end wIA, and the i-type movable contact (3) consists of a movable conductor (301).
) and a movable contact (302) fixed at one end thereof. Movable contactor (3) If, by the operation of the operating device W section (4), the fixed contactor (2) is opened and closed by the constant contactor (2) and the movable contactor (3).
An arc extinguishing plate (5) is provided to surround the arc space between the Notch groove (
501). fixed contact (2) and movable contact (3) Vcif - pressure reflectors (6), (7) respectively
) is provided. These pressure reflectors (6), (7)
The contacts (202), (302)) are made of a ceramic-based inorganic insulator, which will be described later, and are coated and bonded to cover the conductor decay of the IH. The 'r coating L7Th4n is shown only on the - side of the conductors (201) and (501') where (202) and (302) are fixed and bent.

With such -, each contact (202), (30
2) Metal particles in contact with each other behave as follows.

In other words, the pressure value in the space Q surrounding the contact points (202) and (302) Fil cannot be higher than the pressure value in the Arkum's own space. This shows a higher value in terms of EEil than when fli is not provided. Therefore, the surrounding space Q, which has a considerably high pressure generated by the pressure reflectors (6) and (γ), exerts a force that suppresses the expansion of the space of Ryo-Yumu, and restricts it to a narrow space. It will be crowded. In other words, metal particles emitted from the X-plane, which is the opposing surface.
, (by squeezing and confining the streamlines m and o such as I into the arc space. Therefore, the metal particles I- emitted from the -1 plane &, 6, are effectively injected into the arc space l/r:
As a result, effectively implanted large t metal particles 1.
0 is the arc sky #$ and the conventional equipment v17 is compared to T to take away the energy of large m, so 7-ta sky...1 is worn L (
Cooling. Therefore - resistivity ρ or arc resistance R
It is a great success to raise the pressure significantly.

Mana pressure reflector! 6) and (7), the final leg expands to the Y plane ((), and the contacts (202), (302) and the conductor (201), which are generally provided on this Y plane,
It becomes difficult for the arc foot to directly touch the joint m of (301). As a result, there is an advantage that the contact does not fall off.

Also, in Figure S, the movable contact (302) and the fixed contact (
202) When 70E is closed, the current flows through the fixed conductor (20
1) 411 constant contact point (202) - 4 movable gutter point (!102)
→ [Flows from the power supply side to the load side to the 16 conductor (301). In this state of lid, when a large current such as a short circuit current flows through this circuit, the operating mechanism section (4) is actuated to separate the movable contact (302) from the fixed contact (202). At this time, C artum occurs between the fixed contact (202) and the movable contact (302). As shown in Figure 14, in this arcum f, the metal particles are reflected by the pressure reflectors (6) and (7) (thus, the arc space becomes high pressure, and as in Keidoki, a large amount of energy is released from the arc space. is taken away, and as a result, the light is effectively cooled down and the arc is extinguished.

A circuit breaker with the above structure has superior current limiting performance compared to conventional circuit breakers, but its characteristics F1 pressure reflector + a1. (The choice of material is an important issue for the present invention, as the pressure reflectors (6), (7)
) There are a wide variety of conditions desired, but among them, excellent thermal conductivity is required, and when a failure occurs, the pressure in the Y-Y space between each contact (202) and (302) is increased. In addition, the arc should be effectively narrowed down and arc cooled, the material itself should have little wear and tear even after repeated operations, and have good lifespan, and mechanical and thermal shock strength. It is important that the surface has excellent resistance and does not break, and that its surface does not decompose or melt and reduce its surface resistance even when it comes into contact with high-temperature liquids. If one of these conditions is missing, the pressure in the arc space cannot be increased, and the legs of the arc expand, resulting in a decrease in current limiting performance.

Therefore, various considerations have been made in selecting appropriate materials for the pressure reflectors [6] and (γ), which will now be explained step by step.

First, an attempt was made to improve the current limiting performance by increasing the pressure in the arc space to narrow the arc and cool the arc when a break occurs. In order to carry out the internal effects of squeezing and cooling mentioned above, it was thought that an organic material that generates a large amount of decomposed gas upon contact with a high-temperature tank would be suitable.

By the way, in terms of current limiting performance, organic materials can be considered as the material that generates a lot of decomposition gas when exposed to one temperature of the arc. Composed only of L%, excellent characteristics can be obtained.
Organic materials have low heat resistance and poor thermal conductivity, so if they are exposed to high temperatures in large current cutoffs or stationary cutoffs, the pressure reflector itself will deteriorate and disappear due to wear and tear. However, there were problems such as shortcomings in lifespan, or carbonaceous substances from monolytic bioreformed materials precipitated after generating cracked gas, reducing the resistance of the material surface. In terms of properties such as durability and lifespan, inorganic materials with high heat resistance can be considered as insulating materials. Many (high melting point, high insulating) materials such as alumina, magnesia, zircon, zirconia, cordierite, beryllia, spinel, etc. are sintered at high temperatures of 110oC or higher as low electrical resistance materials for switchgears. The sintered body exhibits superior and hazardous properties compared to organic materials. L$4, these sintered bodies are
It has good insulation*t at room temperature, and even if it comes into contact with the arc and becomes high temperature, it will not decompose and produce electrically conductive substances, and its own heat conduction is good, so it can be used locally. Since no temperature rise occurs, there is no drop in resistance at high temperatures, and the cooling effect of evening heat is also remarkable, and the effect is equivalent to that of cooling by the gas generated from organic materials.1-1 Current limiting performance It has also been found to be very good.

However, the plate-shaped pressure reflector made of the above-mentioned sintered body has a fatal flaw that it is easily damaged by severe thermal shock or mechanical shock caused by opening and closing circuits and disconnectors. In this invention, we investigated a material that can provide excellent current-limiting performance and longevity, has properties equivalent to ceramic sintered bodies, and can withstand 1% thermal and mechanical shock as a material for the pressure reflector. As a result, we found that the main components of refractory ceramic raw materials, such as powders such as alumina, silica, and zirconia, or a mixture of these powders and inorganic polymers, were
The conductor'C coating binder L&, which is a paste-like heat-resistant inorganic adhesive that cures at room temperature or heat-cures at a relatively low temperature (200 degrees Celsius or less) as the coated substrate, and the ceramics-based inorganic insulator meet the above-mentioned characteristics. This is because I thought it would be satisfactory.

Next, this pressure reflector will be specifically explained.

As the material constituting the pressure reflector, the main component is a fire-resistant ceramic material such as silica Aro XA and alumina. Prepare OJ for ceramic coating or "Aron Nanaumitsuta D" into a uniform slurry with good coating properties (mL). After removing surface rust and dirt with Sun V Plast, sandpaper, etc., use Triclean, etc. A conductor made of copper material degreased with
Coated directly or by dipping method.
For coating, the thickness per coat is 100 to 150 mm.
About 90~μ and 1% nose left at room temperature for 15~24 hours
Heat and dehydrate at 100°C for 2 to 4 hours, then dry at 150°C for 1 hour.
The baking process was repeated three times to obtain a thickness of 300 to 500 μm and 4 nm in order to cure the product by heating for more than an hour and allow it to cool naturally. Commercially available Sumitomo Chemical UG: water-based liquid paste heat-resistant inorganic adhesive made mainly of refractory ceramic raw materials such as mana, silica, aluminum, or zirconia: trade name ``Sumiceram S-16mu'' or [Suko Serum 5-501J,
Coating L in the same way as Rina 70 Nana Rami Tsuta above.
The thickness of the coating is about 100 to 150 degrees per coat, and the process of drying at room temperature for more than 1 hour, heating at a temperature of 100°C or more for more than 30 minutes, and hardening and baking is repeated 2 to 3 times to obtain a thickness of 500 g. ~500μ was obtained.

The material coated in the form of a film as described above is a refractory ceramic material with a heat resistance temperature of 1200°C or higher, which maintains properties equivalent to ceramic sintered bodies, and has strong adhesion to the coated substrate at high temperatures. It is a powerful ton.

L&S does not deteriorate even when exposed to high temperatures in the evening, nor does it decompose to produce electrically conductive substances.Also, because it is coated closely on metal conductors, It has extremely good heat conduction properties, and has a large effect of absorbing and cooling the take-up heat, increasing the arc flow rate and improving the single-limit current performance. Unlike high-quality ceramic sintered bodies, internal strain occurs in the form of a thin film, and baking occurs due to dehydration during the process. By absorbing strain, it improves cold and heat cycle resistance and prevents chipping.
It can withstand mechanical shocks such as breakage.

Since these coating materials are in paste form, they can be applied directly to the conductor (directly coated) using coating methods such as hekekl or dipping, and various applicators, and can be baked at relatively low temperatures. - It has secondary positive effects from the aspects of installation, bonding, and production. It is also easy to construct a pressure reflector by coating the surface of the substrate to be coated, such as a metal or insulator, and installing a reflective plate. In this case, including direct conductor E-coating, it is desirable to select a coating material that matches the material of the substrate to be coated and the linear*m ratio.Especially if the linear expansion coefficient is If you use something that is too far away, the temperature rise due to arc heat will cause cracks and peeling.

The coating surface of the substrate to be coated can be prepared mechanically using sandblasting or sandpaper, or chemically by pickling with a mixture of chromic acid or ferric chloride aqueous solution. Make the roughness coarser to increase the adhesion effect.

However, if the substrate to be coated is metal, VC tends to oxidize easily, and by plating with a rough surface such as nickel, zinc, or tin as a tender coating material, oxidation can be prevented and the coating material It is also possible to make a strong f-contact 4 and to use the plating layer as a buffer material to roughly improve the impact resistance. This method is particularly effective for materials such as sea bream and copper alloys because the degree of oxidation is large.

As a coating material, in addition to the commercially available "Ryoron Ceramic" and "Sumiceram," there is also the Cement F-based product manufactured by Dainippon Ink Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (trade name: "Dylon"), or the solvent type Nippon Sealan (product name) manufactured by Eiji (product name). Even if "ceramicoat" or the like is used, the same properties can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 5((b) is a side view showing pressure reflectors (6) and (7) according to another embodiment, and FIG.
) is a plan view. That is, FIGS. 5 and 81
The pressure reflectors ta), ()) shown in Fig. 4 are flat plate-shaped, but are not limited to this.As shown in SS Figs.
01), the pressure reflector (6),
FIG. 6 (-) is a side view showing the pressure reflector (6), () according to roughly another embodiment, and FIG. It is a top view of the thing of (a).

That is, starting from the negative side of pressure reflector +6), (7) and r% contact point (202), (302), ill (60
2), (702) are provided and these grooves (602).

1 with the surfaces of conductors (201) and (301) exposed from (702). According to this, when an arc occurs, V
C, the legs of the arc connect the grooves (602) and (702) to the contact point (
202), the arc travels in the direction away from the Cs port 2), making it easier for the arc to touch the arc extinguishing plate (5), increasing its cooling effect and improving the breaking performance.

In addition, Figure 'a7 is a side view showing the pressure reflector ta according to still another embodiment, and (y), and Figure (b) is a plan view of the one in Figure (a). , pressure reflector (6), part of vc% contact (202) of (7), (
Grooves (602) and (702) are provided that extend from the negative side of the conductor (302) in the same direction as the arc travels, and from these grooves (602) and (702) the conductor (20
1), the surface of C501), this pressure reflector (6),
This is an expansion of (7) rather than a decline.

According to this, when 7-ri occurs, this bulge (801)
, through (901), the arc's foot is quickly < traveling f
! ! 4. from what is shown in Figure 114 above. L and cutting effects are more favorable.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a L1 and safe circuit breaker that has much higher current limiting performance than the conventional one. The conductor surface other than around the contact points is covered with a pressure reflector, and this pressure reflector is coated with a paste-like heat-resistant inorganic adhesive whose main components are fire-resistant ceramics and an inorganic polymer. Since the circuit breaker is made of an ivy-based inorganic insulator, it is possible to provide a circuit breaker that exhibits excellent characteristics such as current-limiting performance, lifespan, insulation, thermal and 441R impact resistance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 (&) is a plan sectional view showing a general circuit breaker.
Figure 42 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the behavior of metal particles in the circuit breaker shown in Figure J1. A plan sectional view showing the circuit breaker according to the embodiment, FIG.
), 41A is an explanatory diagram showing the action of the pressure reflector of the circuit breaker in FIG. 43,
SS diagram (a) is a side view of the lit precept contact contact element according to another embodiment of this invention, the same diagram (11) is a partial plan IIi diagram for the same 1111 (a), and FIG. Part 111 of the d-electronic contact according to another embodiment
) is a partial plan view for 111(-), FIG. 7(a) is a partial side view of a dE gas contactor according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12)... Fixed contact, (201)... Fixed conductor,
(202)... Fixed contact, (3)... Movable contact,
(301)...Movable conductor-(302)...Movable contact, (e), (7)...Pressure reflector, (602). (702)...Groove, (801), (901)...
In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent Makoto Kuzuno - (1 other person) Figure 1 (a) Figure 1 (b) Procedural amendment (voluntary) Special, i'l'Ii' lr 'Self 1.
Display of 11i.1 Patent application Sho 56-15990
1 No. 2, Invention masterpiece circuit interrupter: 3-1+I+City each 15,
"Detailed Description of the Invention" column of the specification to be amended. 6. Contents of amendment, details, l: (1) Page 6, line 7 and page 8, line 8; r8.00
0" OJ is corrected as t I'4.000@a4. (2) Page 16, line 12 to line 14 of the same page; "By the way...I can think of-" is deleted. Masu. (3) Page 14, line 11; Correct "rl 1000" OJ to "rloooo". (4) Page 19, line 17 to line 18 of the same page; "Dylon" will be corrected to "New Court: Former product base Dylon." (5) Page 19, line 19; “Ceramicoat” should be corrected to “Ceramicoat.” that's all

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A pair of electrical contacts consisting of a conductor and a contact fixed to the conductor is provided with a pressure reflector on the conductor so as to surround the outer periphery of the contact, and this pressure reflector A circuit breaker made of an ivy-based inorganic insulator coated with a paste-like heat-resistant inorganic adhesive whose main components are ceramic and inorganic polymer. (2) The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the entire surface of the conductor is covered with a pressure reflector. (3) The circuit breaker according to claim 111, wherein the pressure reflector is made of a plate-like material that covers only the surface of the conductor around the contact. (4) The pressure reflector is provided with a groove that starts from one side of the contact and extends in the same direction as the other side of the contact, and the conductor surface is exposed from the groove. The circuit breaker according to any one of Item 3 1F1. (5) The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the conductor surface is bulged from the surface of the pressure reflector through the groove of the reaction force reflector. Disconnector.