JPS5836960Y2 - emergency pressure relief lid - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an emergency pressure release lid provided on a tank to improve the safety of the tank.

In a gas or liquid tank, such as an oil storage tank, when gas or liquid pressure exceeding a predetermined pressure acts inside the tank, this abnormal pressure is automatically released to the outside to prevent the entire structure from being destroyed.

Some pressure relief lids use a mechanical mechanism to open the pressure relief port and release the pressure to the outside when abnormal pressure occurs in the tank, but this type of lid is expensive or maintenance-intensive. From these points of view, this is not very desirable.

Although the present invention has a simple structure and is inexpensive,
This invention provides an emergency pressure release lid that is highly reliable, has no risk of deterioration, and is extremely easy to maintain. Examples thereof will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In Figures 1 to 10, 1 is an outer wall of the tank, 2 is an opening (hatch), 3 is a hatch coaming fixed to the outer wall of the tank, and 4 is a thin plate (hereinafter referred to as a loveture disk) that covers the inner hole 5 of the hatch coaming 3. .

), and for the loveture disk 4, a thin steel plate or a stainless thin steel plate is used in consideration of corrosion resistance.

The loveture disk 4 has a flat portion 4A at its center and a peripheral cylindrical portion 4B having a small curvature at its outer periphery, both of which are smoothly continuous.

4b in FIG. 2 indicates the rounded end of the peripheral cylindrical portion 4B.

The loveture disc 4 is disposed at the upper part of the edge coaming 3 so that its peripheral cylindrical portion 4B extends inward of the tank, and fillet welding is performed between its outer circumferential end surface 4C and the inner circumferential surface 3A of the hatch coaming. has been done.

In the illustrated example, the inner circumferential surface 3A of the hatch coaming is connected to the surrounding cylindrical portion 4.
It is welded tangentially to B.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an auxiliary agent plate, which is arranged concentrically on the surface of the flat portion 4A, and is connected to the auxiliary agent plate 7 and the lubrication disk 4.
A broken frame (hereinafter referred to as a love chaver) is inserted through the frame.

)8 is provided.

The diameter of the through hole of the love char disk 4 is set to be sufficiently larger than the diameter of the love char bar 8 in consideration of machining errors.

Further, a closing plate 9 having a larger diameter than the through hole is fitted onto the Love Charver 8 from its lower end side, and as is clear from FIG. The plate 9, and further the closing plate 9 and the lubricant disk 4 are joined by welding 10, 11 and 12, respectively.

Note that the lower end of the love char bar 8 is joined to a support girder 13 installed diametrically on the hatch coaming 3.

Here, the upper and lower ends of the love char bar 8 are welded 10 and 11.
, 12 and the support girder 13, and the intermediate portion is made to have sufficient strength to connect with the support girder 13, and when abnormal high pressure above a certain level occurs in the tank 1 and acts on the loveture disk 4,
It is set to break due to the tensile force acting on the love char bar 8.

The welded portion 6 between the outer peripheral end surface 4C of the love char disk and the inner peripheral surface 3A of the batch combing is formed by the love char bar 8.
It is constructed in such a way that it will not be destroyed at pressures below the rupture pressure of , and will maintain complete airtightness.

On the other hand, the love char disk 4 is extremely easily deformed by itself, and even a pressure considerably lower than the breaking pressure of the love char bar 8 causes large deformation.

Since the stiffening plate 7 has sufficient rigidity compared to the Loveture disk 4, as shown in the illustrated example, the Loveture disk 4
A stiffening plate 7 is placed on the surface of the 0 disk portion 4A, and this stiffening plate 7
is supported by the support girder 13 via the loveture bar 8 (thereby, although the loveture disk 4 alone would cause large deformation even if the inside of the tank 1 is normal, that deformation is prevented by the stiffening plate 7. Ru.

In this case, if necessary, a stiffening material is provided in addition to the stiffening plate 7.

Furthermore, it is sufficient to use a thin plate as the closing plate 9 if only to ensure airtightness, but if you also want it to function as a jig for setting the installation position of the stiffening plate 7, , a certain thickness is required to have sufficient strength to support the stiffening plate 7.

In this regard, as shown in FIG.
By forming the threaded portion 14 at the upper end of the stiffening plate 7, it is possible to more easily arrange the stiffening plate 7 at a position where the lubricant disk 4 has an appropriate shape.

In other words, in this case, the closing plate 15 as a nut is screwed into the threaded part 14, the screwing amount of this closing plate 15 is adjusted to determine the level of the lubrication disk 40, and then the stiffening plate 7 is screwed in. All you have to do is weld 10 to the love char bar 8.

In addition, as shown in FIG.
The appropriate position of the stiffening plate 7 can also be easily set by adjusting the amount of screwing into the stiffening plate 7.

In the above, pressure acts in the upper space within the tank even during normal times.

In response to this normal internal pressure, the lubrication disk 4 causes a curvature change in the peripheral cylindrical portion 4B relative to the shape at the time of machining, as shown by the solid line in FIG.

This deformation is such that the back surface of the peripheral cylindrical portion 4B approaches the batch combing inner circumferential surface 3A compared to the shape when no tank internal pressure is acting on the loveture disk 4 (imaginary line in FIG. 8). Circumferential cylindrical portion 4B at welded portion 6
and the batch combing inner peripheral surface 3A (hereinafter referred to as angular deformation).

) does not occur. Therefore, no large stress is generated in the welded portion 6, and the welded portion 6 has sufficient strength against the normal tank internal pressure.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the flat part 4A of the loveture disk 4 has extremely low out-of-plane rigidity and is extremely flexible, but since the tank internal pressure acting on the flat part 4A is received by the stiffening plate 7, the flat part 4A is kept in its original state.

And the tank internal pressure raised by the stiffening plate 7 is the love chamber 8.
transmitted to.

Furthermore, since the flat portion 4A is the entire area of the loveture disk 4 excluding the outer peripheral portion, most of the total pressure applied to the loveture disk 4 is transmitted to the loveture disk 8.

The tank internal pressure fluctuates due to the influence of temperature, etc., but the deformation of the Lubutture disk 4 due to this fluctuation only appears as a curved change in the surrounding cylindrical portion 4B, as described above. Since the energy of the fluctuating pressure can be absorbed by the deformation of the cylindrical portion 4B, no large stress is generated in the welded portion 6 in this case as well.

In addition, since the flat portion 4A and the peripheral cylindrical portion 4B are completely smoothly continuous, there is no stress concentration area in the lubrication disk 4.

Therefore, the fatigue strength is also sufficient.

However, if for some reason the tank internal pressure acting on the stiffening plate 7 exceeds the breaking pressure of the love char bar 8, the love char bar 8 will break due to the abnormally high pressure.

After the rupture, the supporting force between the stiffening plate 7 and the tank 1 side is released,
Moreover, since the stiffening plate 7 and the lubrication disk 4 are not fixed to each other, the flat portion 4A undergoes large out-of-plane deformation as shown in FIG. The peripheral cylindrical portion 4B buckles due to the compressive stress in the circumferential direction.

When the peripheral cylindrical portion 4B buckles, the welded portion 6 is also affected by the buckling and causes angular deformation, as shown in FIG.

Since the welded portion 6 is merely a fillet weld, it is easily destroyed due to excessive stress generated due to this angular deformation.

The welded part 6 is sequentially destroyed starting from the part where the angular deformation has occurred, and finally the inner hole 5 of the batch combing 3 is opened and the abnormal pressure inside the tank is released.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which the flat portion 4A (see FIG. 1) of the loveture disk 4 is omitted from the one described in FIGS. 1 to 10, and the loveture disk 15 is constructed from only the peripheral cylindrical portion. The inner peripheral edge 15A of the interpolation plate 1
It is welded to the back surface of the outer circumference of No. 6.

Note that 17 is a love char bar, 18 is a support girder, 19 is a batch combing, and 20 is a welded portion.

FIG. 12 shows an example in which a love char bar 21 that buckles or breaks when a compressive force of a certain value or more is applied is used.

In this case, it is necessary to provide the support girder 22 outside the lubrication disk 21.

In FIG. 12, 23 is an interpolation plate, 24 is a mounting seat for the Lovecharver 21, and 25 is a welding part.

. Depending on the type of substance stored in the tank, the strength of the pressure release lid against negative pressure in the tank may be a problem.

As a countermeasure for this case, two types of formats are illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 15.

The one in Figures 13 and 14 is a loveture disc 26.
A plurality of negative pressure supports 29 are provided at equal angle intervals between the support girder 27 and the support girder 27, and extend in the radial direction from the batch combing 28 in close proximity to the lubrication disk 26.

In addition, the one in FIG. 13 has a negative pressure support part 35 on the support beam 34.
It is integrally formed.

In addition, in FIGS. 13 to 15, 30 and 36 are interpolation plates, 31 and 37 are love chambers, 32 and 38 are closing plates,
33.39 is a welded part.

In each of the embodiments described above, one love char bar was provided in the center of each love char disk, but the number of love char bars is determined as appropriate in consideration of the breaking strength of the love char bar, etc. .

The same applies to the mounting position. Further, the shape of the Loveture disk is not limited to the one described above, but may be a rectangular shape 40 with rounded corners, as shown in FIG. 16, for example.

The present invention can be implemented as described above, and according to the present invention, the outer peripheral end surface of a lubricant disk having a fixed shape is welded to the peripheral wall surface of a hole formed in the outer wall of the tank, and the outer peripheral portion of the thin plate is welded to the peripheral wall surface of a hole formed in the tank outer wall. Since the structure is simple, simply arranging an interpolation plate on the surface to be removed and supporting the interpolation plate on the tank side via a love chamber, it is inexpensive and easy to maintain.

Furthermore, since the tank is normally airtight or liquid-tight by welding without using rubber gaskets, there is no possibility of defects due to deterioration or the like, and there is no risk of oxygen (air) being sucked into the tank.

Furthermore, under normal conditions, the welded part has sufficient strength against the internal pressure of the tank and sufficient fatigue strength against pressure fluctuations, but in an emergency such as when abnormally high pressure occurs within the tank, most Operation is reliable and reliable as the total pressure acts on the love char bar causing it to break and subsequently overstressing the weld.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned excellent effects, the holes are closed with a thin plate of extremely low rigidity, which impedes workability and is considered unsuitable for large-diameter holes. By using , this inconvenience is resolved.

Therefore, an emergency pressure release lid having the above-mentioned effects can be provided even for a tank having a large batch opening area.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 10 show embodiments of the present invention.
The figure is a vertical side view, Figure 2 is a view from the ω←X arrow in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a Y-Y arrow view in Figure 1, Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part, and Figure 5 is separate. FIGS. 6 and 7 are enlarged sectional views of essential parts of modified examples. FIGS. 8, 9, 10, and 16 are explanatory views, and FIGS. 11 and 12. , FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 are longitudinal sectional side views of a modified example, and FIG. 14 is a plan view of the main part of FIG. 13. 1...Tank, 2...Opening, 3,19
．． 28...Batch combing, 4, 15, 26
．． 40...Loveture disc, 4B...
... Peripheral cylindrical part, 6゜20.25, 33, 39...
...Welded part, 7,16°23, 30. 36...
...Interpolation board, 8. 17. 21°31.37...
...Love Charver 13,22゜27.34...
...Support girder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Welding the outer peripheral end face of a thin plate whose outer peripheral part is curved so as to protrude inward to the tank to the peripheral wall surface of a hole formed in the outer wall of the tank, and arranging an auxiliary agent plate on the plate surface excluding the outer peripheral part of the thin plate, The emergency pressure release is characterized in that the supplementary plate is supported on the tank side through a breaking frame, and the breaking frame is configured to break before the welded portion is destroyed due to abnormally high pressure in the tank. lid.