JPS583632Y2 - Tool clamp/unclamp device for multi-axis machine tools - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a clamp/unclamp device for tools in a multi-axis machine tool that is equipped with multiple spindles that are relatively movable. The object of the present invention is to enable simultaneous clamping and unclamping of tools using one drive source.

Conventional tool clamping/unclamping devices extend a draw rod connected to a gripping member that grips the tool through the rear end of the main spindle to the rear of a movable member that supports the main spindle. The tool was clamped and unclamped by moving the tool forward and backward using a hydraulic cylinder or the like placed behind the tool.

However, in multi-axis machine tools where the spindle is positioned at an arbitrary location on the machining head and power is transmitted from a drive source fixed to the machining head, the power is transmitted from the rear end of the movable member via a universal joint. Conventional clamps
The unclamping device had a drawback that it could not be adopted.

In addition, since there are many spindles on the processing head that must perform clamping and unclamping operations simultaneously, a hydraulic cylinder must be provided for each spindle, which has the disadvantage that the structure becomes more complicated as the number of spindles increases. had.

The present invention was devised to eliminate such drawbacks, and is capable of clamping and unclamping tools by pivoting movement of actuating members that protrude from each of a plurality of spindles toward the center of the circumferential tool change position. In addition, an operating member having a plurality of engaging portions on the outer periphery that engages with the operating member of the main shaft is rotatably supported at the center of a circumferential tool exchange position, and the operating member is rotated. This system is characterized by simultaneously clamping and unclamping tools stored in a plurality of spindles.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a machining head installed facing the workpiece at the same time, and a horizontal guide surface 11.12 and a vertical guide surface 13.14 are formed on this machining head 10. Two slide members 15 movable along each guide surface are guided on the guide surfaces 11 to 14.

Guide surfaces 16 are formed in the radial direction on these slide members 15, and a movable member 17 is slidably guided on these guide surfaces 16.

As shown in FIG. 2, a main shaft 18 with a tool T housed in the end thereof is mounted on the inner tip of the movable member 17, and the main shaft 18 has a tool T fixed to the machining head 10. Power from a drive source is transmitted from the rear end of the movable member 17 via the universal joint 19.

Further, since the slide member 15 is screwed into a screw shaft 21 rotated by a servo motor 20, and the movable member 17 is screwed into a screw shaft 23 rotated by a servo motor 22, a numerical control device (not shown) can be used. When the servo motors 20, 22 are driven, the main shaft 18 is positioned at an arbitrary point within a plane within a predetermined angular range with the circumferential tool exchange position shown in FIG. 1 as a reference point.

Note that 24 is a spacer for exchanging tools, and notches 24b are formed at eight locations on the outer periphery.

25 is a tool magazine installed adjacent to the processing head 10, and this tool magazine 25 includes a magazine disk 26.
is mounted so that it can be rotated and indexed.

At six locations on the circumference of this magazine disk 26, the main spindle 1 at the tool exchange position set on the machining head 10 is provided.
Eight tool sockets 27 are provided at the same pitch as the eight arrangement, and replacement tools T' are housed in these tool sockets 27 with spacers 24 interposed therebetween.

In addition, 28 and 29 are scissor-like tool exchange arms that exchange the tool T stored in the main spindle 18 and the tool T' indexed at the tool removal position p, and are used to clamp and unclamp tools as described later. After the grip of the tool T stored in the spindle 18 is released by the device, the replacement tool T' at the tool take-out position p and the tool T of the spindle 18 are gripped together with the spacer 24, and the tool is moved forward in the axial direction. Tools are exchanged by rotating the paper 180 degrees and moving backwards.

Next, the tool clamp/unclamp device will be explained.

FIG. 3 shows a tool gripping mechanism provided on each of the main spindles 18. One end of a draw rod 32 is attached to the rear end of a gripping member 31 that grips a tool T inserted into a tool storage hole 30. is fixed, and this draw rod 32 and main shaft 1
A spring 33 is installed between the draw rod 32 and the draw rod 8 in order to move the draw rod 32 rearward.

Further, a U-shaped protruding member 34 is engaged with the rear end surface 32a of the draw rod 32 in a manner that prevents it from rotating with respect to the draw rod 32, and both ends of this protruding member 34 pass through the long groove 35 of the main shaft 18. and protrudes to the outside of the main shaft 18.

Furthermore, an annular member 37, 38 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 18, and an annular member 37, 38 is formed on the engaging portion thereof with a predetermined cam surface 36 whose axial protrusion amount changes continuously. The front end surface 37a of the annular member 37 is in contact with the rear end of the protruding member 34.

Further, the annular member 38 is prohibited from moving in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 18, and as shown in FIG.
9 is provided.

Therefore, when the actuating member 39 is pivoted counterclockwise in FIG. 4, the cam surface 36 moves the annular member 37 to the left in FIG.

As a result, the bushing rod 32 overcomes the pressing force of the spring 33 and moves to the left, so the gripping member 31 advances to the position shown by the two-dot chain line and releases its grip on the tool T.

Note that at the same time, the bushing rod 32b protruding inside the gripping member 31 comes into contact with the other end of the tool T.
The tool T is pushed out slightly from the tool storage hole 30 to facilitate tool replacement.

Furthermore, when the actuating member 39 is returned to its original position with the tool T stored in the tool storage hole 30, the draw rod 32 is moved rearward by the pressing force of the spring 33.
The gripping member 31 grips the clamp portion of the tool T and pulls it backward to grip the tool T.

On the other hand, at the center of the circumferential tool exchange position and behind the movable member 17, a disc-shaped operating member 40 is rotatably fitted to the outside of a fixed sleeve 41, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. Eight engaging rollers 40a that engage with each of the actuating members 39 protruding from the movable member 17 are rotatably supported on the outer circumference of the operating member 40.

The operating member 40 is fixed to one end of a piston 43 fitted in a fixed member 42 fixed to the processing head 10, and moves forward by a predetermined amount when pressure oil is supplied to the boat 44a. When pressure oil is supplied to the boat 44b, it retreats to its original position.

Further, the piston 43 is keyed to a rotating sleeve 45 fitted between the fixed sleeve 41 and the fixed member 42, and when the rotating sleeve 45 rotates, the operating section 4
0 also rotates.

Furthermore, a rotating member 47 having a U-shaped protrusion is fixed to the rear end of the rotating sleeve 45, as shown in FIG.
A pin 49 that is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating member 47 is engaged.

Therefore, when pressure oil is supplied to the boat 48a of the cylinder 48, the rotating sleeve 45 is rotated counterclockwise via the rotating member 47.

A holding mechanism 50 for holding the spacer 24 while machining a workpiece (not shown) is provided at the center of the tool exchange position and in front of the movable member 17.
When holding the holding shaft 52, which is moved in the radial direction by the axial movement of the operating shaft 51 fitted in the fixed sleeve 41, the holding shaft 52 is moved through the holding hole 2 provided in the spacer 24.
4a to hold the tool, and when replacing the tool, the holding shaft 52 is pulled out from the engagement hole 24a by retracting the operating shaft 51 with the cylinder 53 disposed at the rear end of the fixed sleeve 41, and the spacer 24 The hold is now released.

Next, the operation of the tool clamp/unclamp device having the above configuration will be explained.

Now, when machining with the tool T mounted on the spindle 18 is completed and the tool T on the spindle 18 is replaced with the tool T' indexed at the tool take-out position p, first, the servo motor 20.22 is driven to return the tool T to the tool exchange position shown in FIG.

Thereby, the tool T engages with the notch 24b carved in the outer circumference of the spacer 24.

After this, when the tool exchange arms 28 and 29 are operated, the tool exchange arms 28 and 29 rotate clockwise, and the tool exchange arms 29 rotate counterclockwise, so that the tools T and T' are moved between the tool exchange arms 28 and 29. and the spacer 24.

After the tools T and T' are clamped in this manner, when pressure oil is supplied to the boat 44a of the fixed member 42, the operating member 4
0 moves forward, and 8 is pivotally connected to the circumference of this operating member 40.
As shown in FIG.
It engages with each of the actuating members 39 that protrude from the outer periphery toward the center of the tool exchange position.

When pressure oil is supplied to the boat 48a of the cylinder 48 to operate the cylinder 48, the rotating sleeve 45 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 5 via the pin 49 and the rotating member 45.

As a result, the operating member 40 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 4, so that the operating members 39 protruding from the movable member 17 are each rotated counterclockwise.

When this actuating member 39 is turned counterclockwise, the main shaft 1
The projecting member 34 is moved forward by a cam mechanism consisting of annular members 37 and 38 provided on the outer periphery of the drawing rod 32, and the draw rod 32 overcomes the pressing force of the spring 32 and moves forward.

As a result, the gripping member 31 is moved to the forward end indicated by the two-dot chain line, so that the gripping of the tool T is released.

Furthermore, at the same time, the bushing rod 32b comes into contact with the rear end of the tool T, so that the tool T is slightly pushed out of the tool storage hole.

After the tool T is unclamped in this way,
When pressure oil is supplied to the boat 53a of the cylinder 53, the operating shaft 51 is moved rearward and the holding shaft 52 is moved radially inward, so that the holding of the spacer 24 is released.

When the spacer 24 is released, the tool exchange arm 2
8 and 29 move forward in the axial direction while holding the tools T and T', and pull out the tools T and T', and also move the spacer 24
is pulled out from the fixed sleeve 41, rotated 180 degrees in the same direction, and retreated again.

As a result, the new tool T' is inserted into the tool storage hole 30 of the force S spindle 18, and the spacer 24 is inserted into the tip of the fixed sleeve 41. 53 to hold the spacer 24 and supply pressure oil to the boat 4-8b of the cylinder 48.

As a result, the operating member 40 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 4 to return to its original state, and the operating member 3 of each main shaft 18
9 is rotated clockwise to the original position shown by the solid line.

As a result, the draw rod 32 inside the main shaft 18 is pushed backward by the pressing force of the spring 33, and the gripping member 3
1 clamps the tool T and moves back.

Thereafter, when pressure oil is supplied to the bow 1-44b of the fixed member 42, the operating member 40 is moved backward, and the engagement roller 40a pivotally mounted on the circumference of the operating member 40 is moved to the operating member 39 of the main shaft 18. It will no longer engage.

This prevents interference between the engagement roller 40a and the actuating member 39 even when the main shaft 18 moves in any direction starting from the tool exchange position, and allows the main shaft 18 to be moved anywhere within a predetermined angular range. It will be possible to calculate the

In this way, when the clamping operation of the tool T' is completed, the tool changing arms 28, 29 pivot in opposite directions to release their grip on the tools T, T' and the spacer 24.

Thereafter, a new tool T' is positioned at an arbitrary point on the machining head 10, and machining of the workpiece (not shown) is resumed.

As described above, in the tool clamping/unclamping device of the present invention, the operating member provided on each of the plurality of spindles projects from the side of the spindle toward the center of the circumferential tool change position. A gripping mechanism for clamping and unclamping the tool is provided, and an operating member having an engagement roller pivoted on the circumference that engages with these operating members is pivoted at the center of the tool exchange position, and this operation is performed during tool exchange. Since the tool is clamped and unclamped by rotating the parts, multiple spindles can be positioned at arbitrary locations on the processing head, and rotational power can be transmitted from the power source fixed to the processing head side. Even such multi-axis machine tools have the advantage of being able to simultaneously clamp and unclamp tools housed in a plurality of spindles using one drive source.

In addition, in this embodiment, after the tool exchange is completed,
Since the operating member of the spindle is disengaged from the engaging roller of the operating member, this has the advantage that the tool will not be accidentally unclamped due to a failure in the hydraulic circuit, etc., during machining of the workpiece. ing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing an example of a multi-axis machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig.
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-1 in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-1 in Figure 1.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-v in FIG. 10... Processing head, 17... Movable member, 18... Main shaft, 19... Universal joint, 20.22... Servo motor , 30...
...Tool storage hole, 31...Gripping member, 32...
...Draw rod, 33...Spring,
37, 38... annular member, 39...
Operating member, 40... Operating member, 40a...
...Engagement roller, 45...Rotating sleeve, 47
... Rotating member, 48 ... Cylinder, 4
9...Pin.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of movable members are movably guided on the processing head, a plurality of main shafts are supported by each of the movable members and have a tool storage hole at the tip, and the main shafts are powered from the rear end of the movable members. A multi-spindle machine tool comprising: a spindle driving means for transmitting and rotating the movable member; and a positioning device for moving the movable member and positioning the spindle from a circumferential tool exchange position provided on the processing head. , the spindle includes a gripping member that grips a tool received in the tool storage hole; a cam mechanism that moves the gripping member forward of the spindle to unclamp the tool; and a cam mechanism that moves the gripping member forward of the spindle to unclamp the tool; an actuating member that protrudes toward the center of the cam mechanism and operates the cam mechanism by a turning movement about the spindle axis; An operating member having an engaging portion that engages with each of the operating members of the main shaft, and a drive device that rotates this operating member and simultaneously clamps and unclamps a tool received in the main shaft. Features: Tool clamp/unclamp device for multi-axis machine tools.