JPS5833961B2 - Rotation control device using star wheel - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention uses a star wheel that is used for the purpose of positioning and stopping the rotation of a rotating shaft mid-rotation, such as cam shaft control of a cam that performs various functions such as opening and closing contacts for railway vehicles. This invention relates to a rotation control device.

Conventionally, for example, a camshaft control device for opening and closing contacts of a railway vehicle has a star wheel 2 fitted in the middle of a camshaft 1, and a roller attached to the outer peripheral surface of the star wheel 2, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. 3 is provided via a lever 6 which can swing around a fulcrum 4 and is pressed by a spring 5 so as to be in sliding contact with the camshaft 1 in a state where the camshaft 1 is constantly pressed. When the camshaft 1 is rotated together with the star wheel 2 by a means (not shown), the roller 3 that is in sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface of the star foil 2 is pushed into the valley bottom of the outer circumference of the star wheel 2 by the pushing force of the spring 5. The rotation of the star wheel 2 is stopped, and the camshaft 1 is positioned and stopped at a predetermined rotation angle.

With this, the cams 7a, 7b provided on the other end of the camshaft 1...
... pushes or releases the cam roller 9 of the cam contactor 8, the contacts 10, 11 are opened and closed, and the speed, acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, etc. can be electrically controlled freely.

Here, if the camshaft 1 does not stop at an accurate position, the opening and closing of the contacts 10 and 11 of the cam contactor 8 will become uncertain, which will be extremely inconvenient in terms of vehicle control. As described above, the star foil 2 is used, and when the roller 3 pushes into the bottom of the star foil 2 with the spring 5, the camshaft 1 is stopped and the positioning is controlled accurately.

However, in the conventional camshaft control device described above, the camshaft 1
A detailed analysis of the entire motion reveals that camshaft 1 has a fairly large inertia force, so camshaft 1 cannot stop at the position where roller 3 presses into the bottom of star foil 2 and remains as it is. As a result, the roller 3 passes through the valley bottom of the star foil 2 and is pushed out halfway to the next peak, at which point the star foil 2 rotates in the opposite direction due to the pushing force of the roller 3, and the roller 3 A phenomenon occurs in which the star foil 2 fails to stop at the bottom of the valley of the star foil 1 again and passes by it, and the star foil 2 repeats forward and reverse rotation, that is, it vibrates, its amplitude is gradually attenuated, and it stops. is occurring.

Therefore, it is not possible to position and stop the camshaft 1 at a fixed position early, which causes problems in terms of vehicle control, such as a time lag.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to reduce vibrations caused by the inertia of a rotating shaft such as the above-mentioned camshaft as much as possible so that the rotation can be quickly positioned and stopped at the correct position. The purpose is to provide a control device.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

In the figure, 21 is a rotating shaft such as a camshaft, 22 is a star foil fitted in the middle of the rotating shaft 21, 23 is a roller for positioning and stopping, and 24 is a roller 23 that is constantly pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the star foil 21. The roller support lever 26 is a pressing mechanism that supports the roller supporting lever 26 so as to be in sliding contact with the star wheel 22.
It consists of a compression spring 27 that is always compressed on the side.

Up to this point, the configuration is almost the same as that in FIGS. 1 and 2, and if the roller 23 pushes into the bottom of the star wheel 22 during rotation of the rotating shaft 21, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is stopped. It has become.

In such a rotation control device, a resistance mechanism 28 is provided in combination with the pressing mechanism 24.

Simply put, this resistance mechanism 28 functions to provide an appropriate resistance force to the reciprocating movement of the lever 26 of the pressing mechanism 24. For example, as shown in FIG.
Fixed receiver 29 provided at the same pace as 7 and this receiver 2
Friction body 3 such as a pickpocket plate that is slidably pressed against 9
The friction body 30 is connected to the tip of the lever 26 of the pressing mechanism 24 via a metal fitting 31.

That is, the metal fitting 31 is bent into a shape, and is attached by rotatably pivoting a flange portion 31a protruding from the rear surface of the hanging portion to the tip of the lever 26 using a pin 32. A friction body 30 is placed on the upper surface of the horizontal part of the metal fitting 31.
is attached so that it slides facing the receiver 29 along with the reciprocating movement of the lever 26.

In addition, the part of the metal fitting 31 that is closer to the lower end of the hanging part and is deviated downward from the pin 32 is pressed by the spring 27 of the pressing mechanism 24, and due to the pressure, the friction body 30 is pressed against the receiver 29, so that a suitable amount of pressure is applied. It is designed to generate frictional resistance.

That is, the structure uses the spring force of the spring 27 of the pressing mechanism 24 to press the friction body 30 against the receiving member 29 without using a dedicated spring.
The lever 26 is pressed via the lever 26.

Note that the rotating shaft 21 has a ratchet wheel 33 at one end.
, and is engaged with a ratchet 36 attached to a separate drive shaft 34 via an arm 35 so as to be driven to rotate in one direction intermittently.

Further, cams 37a, 37b, . It has become.

To describe the operation of the device of this invention, the drive shaft 34
The rotation of the ratchet 36 and ratchet wheel 33
As a result of this action, the rotating shaft 21 is rotated until just before a predetermined stopping point.

Then, the rotating shaft 21 is further rotated and fed by the action of the star wheel 22 and the roller 23 to a predetermined stopping point.

That is, the roller 23 that has climbed over one peak of the star foil 22 and reached the middle of the slope is then pressed against the spring 27 of the pressing mechanism 24.
Since the star foil 22 attempts to push into the valley bottom by the spring force, the star foil 22 is rotated until the roller 23 enters the valley bottom, and the rotating shaft 21 is also rotated to a predetermined stopping point position. It will happen.

In the conventional device, since there is inertia in the rotating shaft 21, etc., the roller 23 does not stop at the bottom of the valley of the star foil 22, but is pushed out to the middle of the slope of the next mountain, causing the star foil 22 to rotate in the opposite direction. The vibration is caused by repeating the process of giving a vibration, returning to the bottom of the valley, and passing through again.
In this invention, since the resistance mechanism 28 is provided in combination with the suppression mechanism 24, the vibration can be reduced.

The operation when using the resistance mechanism 28 will be described below.
When the roller 23 is moved from the peak of the star foil 22 toward the valley bottom by the spring force of the pressing mechanism 24, and further pushed out past the valley bottom by the inertia of the rotating shaft 21 to rise to the next peak, The lever 26 moves back and forth in the left and right directions in FIG. 4 about the fulcrum 25, and as a result, the friction body 30 slides left and right in pressure contact with the receiver 29 via the metal fitting 31, producing friction.

To calculate the frictional force at this time, first, the distance from the pin 32 to the spring 27 is a, and the protrusion distance of the friction body 30 is b.
, if the distance to the sliding surface of the friction body 30 is C, and at the same time the spring force of the spring 27 is p, the pressing force F of the friction body 30 against the receiver 29 can be found as follows.

In this case, even though the same spring force of the spring 27 is used when the lever 26 is moved to the right by the spring 27 and when it is moved to the left against the spring 27, the friction body 30 is The pressing force F to the receiver 29 is different.

That is, when the lever 26 moves to the right, it becomes.

For this reason, the force μF, which is obtained by multiplying each value of F by the friction coefficient μ between the friction body 30 and the receiver 29, is a resistance force when moving to the right and when moving to the left, and the magnitude is different from each other. , when moving to the right, the force acts in a direction that opposes the spring force p of the spring 27, and when moving to the left, the force acts in the same direction as the spring force p of the spring 27, so the spring force p of the spring 27 The lever 26 actually moves through the metal fitting 31 due to the action of the resistance force μF of the friction body 30.
That is, the pushing force acting on the roller 23, that is, the pushing force P when pushing the roller 23 from the slope of the peak of the star foil 22 toward the valley bottom, and conversely, the pushing force P when the roller 23 moves away from the valley bottom and moves to the next peak. The pushing force P2 that acts as a reaction force when moving in the upward direction on the slope of is determined by the following formula, and P2 is considerably larger than p.

In addition, in this case, the spring force p of the spring 27 is exactly the same as that of the lever 26.
Although the pressure applied to the roller 23 is magnified by the ratio of the distance between the roller pivot portion and the pin 32 from the fulcrum 25 of
The expression of equation 6) is used as is.

Here, the pressing force p1. How the star foil is positioned and stopped from the relationship of P2 will be explained using FIG. 5 while comparing it with a conventional device. First, 42 is the star foil, 42a is the slope of one of the ridges, and 42b is the star foil. The slope of the other mountain part, 42c is the bottom of the valley between the side slopes 42a and 42b, 43 is a roller, and 45 is a spring, where the roller 43 rolls while being pressed onto the one slope 42a as shown in the figure. First, the star foil 42 is rotated counterclockwise in an attempt to push into the valley bottom 43C, and then the roller 43 is rotated by the inertia of the star foil 42, etc.
The relationship between the position of the star foil 42 when it moves past the 2C and is pushed toward the other slope 42b and the rotational torque that the star foil 42 receives from the roller 43 at each position is different from that of the conventional device and that of the present invention. The device is displayed with characteristics as shown in I and H in the figure.

In this case, as the roller 43 rises to a higher position on each of the slopes 42a and 42b, the pushing force applied to the roller 43 should gradually increase due to the spring constant of the spring 45. That is, since the tooth height is not very large and the spring constant generally takes a fairly low value, on the slopes 42a and 42b, each of the
The pressing force applied to the roller 43 is kept constant throughout the entire area under the heel, and the rotational torque applied to the star foil 42 is determined by the pressing force of the roller 43, that is, the pressing force applied to the roller 43 and the angle of inclination of the slopes 42a and 42b. is similar to the pushing force of the roller 43, so 1.
Illustrated in n.

I in FIG. 5 indicates the star foil 42 in the conventional device.
When the roller 43 is in a state of being pressed against one slope 42a and rolls from there and pushes into the valley bottom 42c, in this conventional device, the friction body as in the present application is Since it does not have a resistance mechanism using a
If the counterclockwise rotational torque corresponding to , that is, the counterclockwise rotational torque is 0 and the clockwise rotational torque is -, then it rotates in response to + rotational torque.

Here, if there is no damping force such as friction against the rotation of the rotational shaft such as the camshaft, then while the roller 43 comes from the height H to the valley bottom 42C, the above-mentioned spring force p and the slope 4
Since rotational energy equivalent to the value multiplied by the height H of 2a + pH is accumulated in the star foil 42, the star foil is accelerated to the maximum speed, passes the roller 43 to the valley bottom 42C, and passes the other slope 42b. Continue to rotate as if pushing upwards.

When the roller 43 is pushed up from the valley bottom 42c to the other slope 42b, the pushing force that acts on the roller 43 as a reaction force is equivalent to the pushing force when pushing from the one slope 42a toward the valley bottom 42c, i.e. Since the spring force is p of the spring 45, at that point, a rotational torque in the clockwise direction corresponding to the spring force p is applied to the star wheel 42.

The star wheel 42 is braked by this - rotation torque, but since the - rotation torque is equal to the previous ten rotation torques just by reversing the direction, the star wheel 42 is
In order to stop the rotation in the counterclockwise direction, an energy of 1 pH corresponding to the previous total rotational energy + pH is required, so the star foil 42 rotates until it pushes the roller 43 up to the height H of the other slope 42b. It rotates clockwise, and at that point, due to the pushing force of the roller 43, it is rotated in the opposite clockwise direction in exactly the same way as before, passing through the valley bottom 42c again at high speed and increasing the height of H on one slope 42a. All you have to do is go back to the top and repeat the movement.

However, in reality, since there is frictional force in bearings and other places, energy is consumed and the roller 43 can reach the height of H on the slopes 42a and 42b. 42c, and the star foil 42 is stopped.

On the other hand, the characteristics of the rotational torque of the star wheel of the present invention shown in {circle around (2)} in FIG. In this case, the spring force p of the spring 45 does not directly act as a pushing force as in the conventional device, but when the friction body 30 of the resistance mechanism 28 moves to the right as shown in FIG. The value p - μF=P1 of equation (5), which is obtained by subtracting the resistive force μF, acts as a pushing force.

As a result, the star wheel 42 rotates in response to a counterclockwise rotational torque corresponding to the pushing force P1, that is, a positive rotational torque.

Here, if there is no damping force such as friction toward the rotation axis, the total rotational energy accumulated in the star foil 42 while the roller 43 descends from the height H of the slope 42b to the valley bottom 42C is +p1H1, that is, (p-μF)H
It is.

However, if the roller 43 continues to rotate so as to pass through the valley bottom 42C and push up onto the other slope 42b with the rotational energy of ten (p-μ)H, then from the valley bottom 42C to the other slope When the roller 43 is pushed up by the roller 42b, the pushing force that acts on the roller 43 as a reaction force is not directly applied by the spring force p of the spring 45 as in the conventional device, but is applied to the spring force p by the resistance mechanism 28. The value p10μF−P2 of equation (6), which is the addition of the resistance force μF when the friction body 30 moves to the left, acts as a pushing force.

As a result, the star wheel 42 receives a clockwise rotational torque corresponding to the pushing force P2, that is, the - rotational torque, and the starwheel 42 is braked by the - rotational torque, but at this time, the - rotational torque is Since the rotational torque is considerably larger than the previous ten rotational torques, the limit height H' at which the roller 43 is pushed up onto the other slope 4b by the counterclockwise rotation of the star foil 42 due to the accumulation of the previous total rotational energy P1H. , and is kept considerably lower than the initial height H of the roller 43.

At that point, from the height H' of the other slope 42b, the valley bottom 4
When the star wheel 42 is reversely rotated as if the roller 43 is pushed into the 2c direction, the star wheel 42 is rotated clockwise with a small - rotational torque P, and the roller 43 passes through the valley bottom 42C and moves onto one slope 42a. When it is pushed up, a large rotational torque P2 acts on the star wheel 42 and brakes its rotation in the clockwise direction, and as before, the upper limit height H" of the roller 43 is set so that there is no friction on the rotating shaft itself. Even if no damping force is applied, the reciprocating vibration of the star wheel 43 is highly damped by the combination of the resistance mechanism 28 and comes to a halt in a short time. Because of this frictional force, the vibration damping is more effective, and it becomes possible to accurately position and stop in an extremely instant.

Moreover, in the device of this invention, as shown in FIG.
1 is intermittently driven in one direction by the ratchet wheel 33 and the ratchet 36, and no control force from the pond is applied to the rotating shaft 21, so that the pushing force applied to the roller 23 is the same as that of the star wheel 22. As a result, the star wheel 22 becomes an extremely reliable device with no risk of problems such as stopping when the roller 23 is in the middle of this slope. The cams 37a, 3 are quickly positioned and stopped.
7 b t... ensures that the contact 4041 of the cam contactor 38 opens and closes.

In the above embodiment, the friction body 30 of the resistance mechanism 26 is brought into pressure contact with the receiver 29 by using the spring force of the spring 27 of the pressing mechanism 24, but in the device of the present invention, the friction body 30 is made of a separate special purpose. It is also possible to obtain the same effect by pressing the receiver 29 with a spring or the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, the resistance mechanism 28 using frictional force is incorporated, but using this frictional force can provide an effective resistance even when the moving speed of the roller 23 is extremely low. , it can be said that it has good characteristics that are extremely suitable for the purpose of this invention.

However, in addition to such frictional force, the effect of a viscous fluid resistor can also be used to achieve the same effect.

6 and 7 show an embodiment of the pond of the present invention in which the viscous fluid resistor 50 is used in place of the resistance mechanism 28, and the rotating shaft 51. The star wheel 52, roller 53, pressing mechanism 54, fulcrum 55, lever 56, and spring 57 are almost the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG.
7 is directly pressing the lever 56, and the lever 5
6 is extended, and the piston 58 of the viscous fluid resistor 50 is connected thereto with a pin 59, and the piston 58 is slidably and tightly fitted into a cylinder 61 attached to a fulcrum 60, 61 contains viscous fluid 62
is enclosed, and the viscous fluid 62 can flow into the front and rear chambers of the piston 58 in the cylinder 61 via a throttle 63.

For this reason, when the lever 56 swings left and right together with the movement of the roller 53, the piston 58 simultaneously moves in the same direction, and at this time, the throttle 63 of the viscous fluid 62 in the cylinder 61
The flow resistance acting on the lever 56 exerts a vibration damping effect similar to the previous embodiment.

To supplement this with reference to FIG. 7, the roller 53 tries to force its way from one slope 52a toward the valley bottom 52c and rotates the star wheel 52 in the counterclockwise direction.

At this time, the rotational torque given to the star wheel 52 is determined by the spring force p of the spring 57, assuming that the spring constant of the spring 57 is low.
from the resistance force of the viscous fluid resistor 50 (speed V of the roller 53
and the viscosity coefficient ρ of the fluid 62), that is, p−ρ■.

Next, the roller 53 passes through the valley bottom 52C and the other slope 5
The clockwise rotational torque that acts as a reaction force when pushed up by 2b is the spring force p and the viscous fluid resistance force ρ■
The sum of the values is p+ρV, and it is possible to exhibit a function extremely similar to the characteristic (3) shown in FIG.

Since the present invention has been made as detailed above, in a device that uses a star wheel to position and stop the rotation of a rotary shaft such as a camshaft of a camshaft controller, the stopping position can be made accurate, and the stopping position can be accurately determined, and the rotation can be made immediately before the stopping. This makes it possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of vibrations and to stop the engine very quickly in a short period of time.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional example, FIG. 2 is a front view of main parts of the conventional example, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the main part of the same embodiment, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the characteristics of rotational torque depending on the positional relationship between the slope of the star foil and the roller, and Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the pond of this invention. FIG. 7, which is a partially sectional front view of the main part, is an explanatory diagram showing the characteristics of rotational torque depending on the positional relationship between the slope of the star foil and the roller in the embodiment of the same song. 1...Cam shaft, 2...Star wheel,
3...roller, 4...fulcrum, 5...
...Spring, 6...Luv 7a, 7b...
・Cam, 8...Cam contactor, 9...Cam roller, io, 1i...Contact, 21...
... Rotating axis, 22 ... Star foil, 23 ...
...Roller, 24...Press mechanism, 25...
...Fulcrum, 26...Lever, 27...
...Spring, 28...Resistance mechanism, 29...
・Receiver, 30...Friction body, 31...Metal fitting, 31a...Flange part, 32...
Pin, 33...Ratchet foil, 34...
... Drive shaft, 35 ... Arm, 36 ...
...Ratchet, 37a, 37b...Cam, 3
8...Cam contactor, 39...Cam roller, 4041...Contact, a...Distance from pin to spring, b... Protruding distance of the friction body from the pin, C... Distance from the pin to the sliding surface of the friction body, p... Spring force, F... Relative to the bearing of the friction body Pressing force, μ...Friction coefficient, μ
F...Resistance force, Pl, P2...Pushing force on roller, 42...Star foil, 42
a. 42b...Slope, 42C...Valley bottom,
43...Roller, 45...Spring, H,
H', H"...Height of the roller located on the slope,
50... Viscous fluid resistor, 51... Rotating shaft, 52... Star foil, 52a. 52b...Slope, 52C...Valley bottom,
53...Roller, 54...Press mechanism,
55...Fully point, 56...Lever, 57
... Spring, 5B ... Piston, 59.
...Pin, 60...Fulcrum, 61...
...Cylinder, 62...Viscous fluid, 63...
...Aperture, ■...Roller speed, ρ...
...Viscosity coefficient, ρ■...Resistance force.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A roller provided to be in sliding contact with a star foil provided on the rotating shaft while being pressed against it presses into the bottom of the star foil to position and stop the rotation of the rotating shaft. In this device, a pressing mechanism for pressing the roller against the star foil and a resistance mechanism for generating a resistance force against the reciprocating movement of the pressing mechanism are provided in combination, and the roller is moved toward the bottom of the star foil. A rotation control device using a star foil, characterized in that the pushing force acting as a reaction force when the roller moves away from the valley bottom is larger than the pushing force when pushing the roller. 2. Claim 1, characterized in that the resistance mechanism is composed of a fixed receiver and a friction body slidably pressed against the receiver, and the friction body is attached to a roller support lever of the pressing mechanism. A rotation control device using the described star foil. 3. Rotation control device 4 using a star foil according to claim 2, characterized in that the roller of the pressing mechanism is configured to press against the friction body receiver using the spring force of the roller pressing spring. A patent claim characterized in that the resistance mechanism is composed of a viscous fluid resistor having a piston and a cylinder, one of the piston and the cylinder is fixed in a fixed position, and the other is connected to a roller support lever of the pressing mechanism. A rotation control device using the star foil according to scope 1.