JPS5831436B2 - Polyester material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for dyeing polyester synthetic fibers using a dye fluid flow dyeing machine using a disperse dye, and in particular, a method for reducing residual dye, etc. in the dye solution that must be drained after dyeing. Relating to an improved dyeing method.

Environmental pollution caused by dyeing wastewater has recently become a major social problem.
Various research and development efforts have been made regarding the purification technology, and various proposals have already been made.

Coagulation-sedimentation methods, activated sludge methods, activated carbon adsorption methods, and the like have been put into practical use as methods for treating dyeing waste liquids for polyester synthetic fibers, but none of them are perfect yet.

The surfactant in the dyeing system significantly reduces the processing effect, making it impossible to completely remove the dye, causing secondary pollution due to large amounts of sludge, and requiring large processing tanks and processing towers, making it extremely inconvenient. It's the economy.

A dyeing method that removes the surfactant, which is the culprit in waste liquid treatment, has been considered as an attempt to improve the dyeing method. As a result, many dyeing problems occur, especially when dyeing deep colors with high dye concentrations, such as surface adhesion to the dyed object or the walls of the dyeing machine, decreased fastness due to sedimentation, and dye contamination.

As a result of intensive research to solve these drawbacks, the present inventors found that (1) As shown in Table 1, the water solubility of disperse dye bulk powder that does not contain a dispersant is temperature dependent. Although it is extremely large at high temperatures, it is very small at temperatures below 100°C, and crystal precipitation and aggregation phenomena of the dye are noticeable during the cooling process after dyeing.

In addition, since it contains a dispersant, the dispersion of the dye in the liquid is extremely unstable.

Therefore, using a fluid flow dyeing machine with stirring effect, dyeing at 100°C.
If dyeing is carried out at a high temperature above, it is possible to dye without precipitation or aggregation of the dye, and even after dyeing, while flowing the dye liquor at 100°C or higher, the dye liquor is replaced with warm water one after another. If the dye concentration is lowered while cooling, it is possible to cool the dye without precipitation or agglomeration, and if the discharged waste liquid is cooled and left to stand, it will easily form two layers of dye and water. It is very easy to separate and treat the waste liquid.

(2) The particle size of the dye particles in the dyeing waste liquor varies depending on the cooling rate of the dye liquor and the degree of agitation, but most of the particles that have gone through the normal dyeing process are 0.5μ or more, and are dyed by existing physical means. Separation of dye particles in waste liquid is possible.

Therefore, if the dyed solution is made to flow in the same manner as above, cooled while suppressing dye precipitation and agglomeration, and the gradually precipitated and agglomerated dye is removed by physical means, the agglomerated dye (thus, the dyeing machine and fabric The dye can be removed without staining, and the waste liquid can be taken out with almost no contamination.

Having discovered the above facts, we have arrived at the present invention by reducing the dye particles in the waste liquid within the dyeing system.

That is, the dyeing method of the present invention uses a disperse dye that does not contain a dispersant or contains 10% by weight or less, and dyes polyester synthetic fibers using a dye fluid flow dyeing machine at ioo°C.
After dyeing is completed at the above temperature (1) while circulating the dye solution at 100°C or higher, new warm water is injected into the circulation system,
Either drain the dye solution one by one while continuously cooling and diluting it, or (2) cool the dye solution at 100°C or higher while circulating it to remove dye particles larger than 0.5 μm that precipitate and aggregate from the dye solution. Polyester-based synthesis characterized by reducing dye particles in a circulating dye liquor, which is continuously removed from the circulation system by a centrifugal separator or furnace-separator installed in the circulation system, and then drained. This is a method of dyeing fibers.

In the present invention, by reducing the dye particles remaining in the dye liquor and the dye particles and their aggregates generated during the cooling process, it is possible to reduce the surface adhesion and deposition of the dye on the objects to be dyed and the walls of the dyeing machine. , the color fastness of the dyed object was significantly improved, and the contamination of the machine wall was reduced.

Therefore, the reduction cleaning normally required after dyeing can be omitted, and the dye can be easily separated from the waste liquid, so chemicals, water,
Heat resources are saved and dyeing waste liquid treatment is extremely easy.

Figure 1 shows the flow and sheet that captures dye particles from the dye liquor during the cooling process. A portion of the dye liquor is taken out from the dyeing tank and cooled in a heat exchanger 2 to coagulate the dye in the dye liquor. The agglomerated dye particles are separated from the dye liquid and captured by the dye capture unit 3 (centrifugal separator, filtration filter, etc.), and the liquid is returned to the dye tank through a heat exchanger 4 operated by automatic dye tank liquid temperature control. Ru.

Figure 2 shows a flow sheet for diluting and replacing the dye solution, in which a part of the dye solution is drained from the dyeing tank 1 through the discharge valve, and the other part is diluted by being pumped in from the dilution water tank 7 with the pressure pump 6. The mixed water is mixed with water and recycled to the dye vat through the heat exchanger 4.

The waste liquid discharged outside the circulation system is cooled, and the liquid and dye are separated in a settling tank.

Note that it is also possible to employ a processing method that combines the above two methods.

The disperse dye used herein is a disperse dye that does not contain a dispersant or contains 10% by weight or less of a dispersant.

Preferably, the particle size of the primary particles of the dye is 10 μm or less, and the water-soluble group does not contain a linear alcohol group.

Using such a dye, adjust the dye liquor to a pH range of 2 to 4, perform dyeing, and then cool it to reduce the water solubility of the disperse dye and promote dye aggregation due to the PH effect. This makes it easier to separate the dye from the dye liquor to be drained, and improves the effectiveness of dye usage and color fastness.

To adjust the pH of the dye bath, organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid, and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid can be used, as has been conventionally done.

A centrifugal separator (high pressure, normal pressure) and an Okifilter are available as dye capture units.

In the centrifugal separator, immediately after passing through the heat exchanger, that is, by cooling the dye liquor, the water solubility of the dye decreases and the dye particles that precipitate and aggregate are separated by the difference in specific gravity between the water and the dye particles (0.2 to 0.8
) to separate dye particles in the dye liquor by centrifugal force,
This operation is carried out continuously during the capture, the dye concentration is reduced, the dye liquor is transferred again to the dye bath, and throughout the cooling process.

In filtration filters, the particle size of dye particles is preferably 0.5μ.
The above centrifugal separator is replaced with a dye trapping device containing a filter that can be separated by furnace (CP paper, porous unglazed ceramic, glass wool, finished product, etc.).

In the case of a filtration filter, the finer the particle size of the particles to be captured and the larger the amount of particles captured, the more filtration area is required, and a drop in flow rate due to pressure loss is likely to occur, so a backwashing device is incorporated. This is desirable.

The dye liquid dilution and displacement device is a liquid level adjustment device inside the dyeing tank that adjusts the injection and discharge valves, presses in new water, and discharges an equivalent amount of dye liquid to reduce the dye particles in the dye liquid in the dyeing tank. The amount of water for dilution is preferably equal to or more than the amount of liquid in the dyeing tank.

In the present invention, fluid flow dyeing machines include package dyeing machines in which the object to be dyed is fixed and the dye liquor passes through and circulates through the fixed layer, and beam dyeing machines, as well as beam dyeing machines that dye woven and knitted fabrics by flowing the dye liquor. There is a jet dyeing machine that dyes while moving it in a bath.

In particular, in the latter type of jet dyeing machine, processing wrinkles and dye spots occur significantly due to high-temperature drainage after dyeing is completed, so the present invention is effective.
Examples of the same type of dyeing machine include Circular (manufactured by Nippon Seisakusho), Uniace (manufactured by Nippon Senzo Kikai), and Jet Dyeing Machine (manufactured by Gaston Caranti Co., Ltd.).

It is necessary to find a cooling rate after dyeing is completed so that the dye does not elute from the dyed fabric at that temperature and that processing wrinkles do not occur. is appropriate.

The polyester synthetic fiber used in the present invention mainly refers to polyethylene terephthalate fiber, which is easily dyed in which part of the acid component and alcohol component is replaced by a third component, so-called modified polyoxyethylene glycol. Type polyester fibers are also included.

The form of the dyed material is 100% polyester synthetic fiber.
Examples include cotton, yarn, woven and knitted fabrics, and blends and knitted fabrics of these fibers and other types of fibers.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Tetron Tropical (100% polyester) made of refined and heat-set polyester synthetic fiber (
Tetron (KK Trademark) 1 (6 to 9) was loaded into a circular ■ type dyeing machine (manufactured by Hikki Seisakusho), water and acetic acid were added, and the pH of the bath was adjusted to 3.2.

Next, dyeing machine nozzle gauge 3, nozzle pressure 1.2Ky/
cr/l, the cloth speed was set at 120 m /min, and then the temperature was raised from 40°C to 130°C in 20 minutes.

On the other hand, 180 g of disperse dye powder Kayakalon Black G-8F (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku), which does not contain a dispersant, was passed through a dye dissolving unit and introduced into the dye tank, and dyed at 130°C for 60 minutes. t/min, 2℃/1nin110℃ from 130℃ to 110℃ with ρ dilution replacement
The dyeing waste liquid was diluted and cooled down to 85°C at a cooling rate of 25°C/min, and then the dyeing liquid was discharged from the dyeing machine.

The dyed fabric obtained has no dye spots or spec defects, and its color fastness and hue are superior to those of ordinary dyeing methods.
Sufficient quality was obtained even if the ring cleaning was omitted.

(See Table 2) The dyeing waste liquid was almost transparent, the dye particles and water were separated into two layers, the water was less polluted and could be reused or discharged into the river J1.

Example 2 After completion of dyeing in Example 1, a dye trapping unit (2 sets in parallel, differential pressure 0.
The dye solution was cooled to 85° C. at a rate of 2° C./r11 inch through a circulation path equipped with a 4K7/crll automatic switching system (with backwashing device), and the dye liquor was discharged from the dyeing machine.

As with Example 1, the dyed fabric obtained was superior in color fastness and hue to those obtained by ordinary dyeing methods, and the waste liquid was extremely less polluted (see Table 2).

Comparative Example After completion of dyeing in Example 1, the temperature was raised to 85°C for 2 hours as usual.
After indirect cooling at a rate of °C/min, the dye liquor was discharged from the dyeing machine.

As in Example 1, this waste liquid was easy to treat, but the color fastness of the dyed fabric was not sufficient and reduction washing was required.

(See Table 2)

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet for capturing dye particles from dye waste liquid during the cooling process, and FIG. 2 is a flow sheet for dye dilution and replacement. 1... Dyeing, 2... Heat exchanger, 3...
... Dye capture unit, 4 ... Heat exchanger,
5... Discharge pipe, 6... Pressure pump, 7... Dilution water tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Polyester synthetic fibers are dyed using a dye fluid flow dyeing machine at a temperature of IOO°C or higher using a disperse dye that does not contain a dispersant or contains 10% by weight or less, and the dyeing is completed. The method is characterized by injecting new hot water into the circulation system while circulating the dye solution at a temperature of 100°C or higher, and sequentially draining the dye solution while cooling and diluting it, thereby reducing the dye particles in the circulating dye solution. A method for dyeing polyester synthetic fibers. 2 Using a disperse dye that does not contain a dispersant or contains 10% by weight or less, polyester synthetic fibers are dyed at a temperature of 100°C or higher using a dye fluid flow dyeing machine, and the temperature is 100°C or higher after dyeing is completed. The dye liquor is cooled while being circulated, and dye particles of 0.5 μ or more that are precipitated and aggregated from the dye liquor are continuously removed from the circulation system using a centrifugal separator or a separate furnace separator installed in the circulation system. A method for dyeing polyester synthetic fibers, which comprises reducing dye particles in a circulating dye solution that is then drained.