JPS5829590A - Friction welder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the joining precision of a workpiece by a friction welder, by providing a supporting frame, where a thrust cylinder and a clamp stopper are stuck, movably to a bed, and offsetting strain distortion generated in the sup porting frame. CONSTITUTION:A spindle head 7 is drawn back to allow a check and a clamping mechanism to grip a workpiece A and a workpiece B respectively. Then, a supporting frame 2 is locked at a specified position by an auxiliary cylinder 13 and through a thrust cylinder 10, the head 7 is slid on a slide base 1 toward the mechanism 11 to allow the work piece A to abut on the workpiece B. The cylinder 13 unlocks the frame 2. Then, a spindle 8 is driven to rotate, and thus frictional heat is generated between the workpieces A and B to form a high-temperature plasticized layer. The rotation of the spindle 8 is stopped abruptly and an upset thrust with high pressure is added between the workpieces A and B to connect them together.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The purpose of this invention is to improve the joining accuracy of pieces.

Generally, in friction welding, frictional heat is generated by applying frictional thrust between a clamped fixed workpiece and a workpiece rotatably chucked on the spindle side.
The frictional heat forms a high-temperature plasticized layer on all four parts, and by suddenly stopping the rotation of the spindle and applying a higher absolute thrust to both workpieces, the two workpieces can be joined. Since the thrust applied to both workpieces is a high thrust, each part of the friction welding machine is required to have strength capable of responding to the above thrust.

In particular, sufficient strength is required for the clamp mechanism itself and the bed on which it is fixed.

That is, the thrust causes strain and deformation in the bed, and in order for the clamp mechanism to independently share and hold the thrust corresponding to the clamping force of the clamp mechanism, the bed in which the strain and deformation has occurred is further If the clamping mechanism is bent and deformed, and the clamping mechanism that grips the workpiece is strained and deformed in this way, the natural result will be a problem in which the joining accuracy of the workpieces will be impaired. .

This point will be specifically explained in detail based on the drawings shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Figure 1 is a drawing showing the most general structure of a friction welding machine, in which (a) shows a bed, (b) shows a slide base that is fixed to the bed (a), and shows the same slide. A spindle (c) is provided on the base (b) so as to be movable forward and backward via a thrust cylinder (d), and a chuck (e) is attached to the tip of the spindle (c). (f) is a clamp fixed to the bed (a) in correspondence with the spindle (c), (g) is the same clamp (f)
The stoppers located at the rear of the bed (a) and attached to the bed (a) are shown.

However, in the above-mentioned friction welding machine, in a situation where a frictional thrust is applied to both workpieces clamped by the clamp (f) and chuck (e), and a high temperature layer is formed on the joint surfaces of both workpieces, the spindle ( By suddenly stopping the rotation of c) and applying an upset force through the thrust cylinder (d), the two workpieces can be joined. c.
) side and the clamp (f) and stopper (g) sides, stress against the thrust acts in opposite directions, respectively. Then, through the same stress, the spindle (C), clamp (f), strike bar (g), and also the bed (a)
As a result, each part of the clamp (f) is distorted and deformed as shown in FIG. 2.

Figure 3 shows an improvement of the friction welding machine shown in Figure 1, in which all ties between the stopper (g) and the thrust cylinder (d) are zero.
'(h) is a drawing showing a friction welding machine connected by the figure, and even the friction welding machine has not been able to eliminate the strain deformation of each part. Immediately, each part of the stopper (g), the bracket (i) to which the thrust cylinder (d) is fixed, the tie rod (1)), the bed (a), and the clamp (f) are strained as shown in Figure 4. This results in deformation.

Conventionally, as a countermeasure to the above-mentioned problems, a method of increasing the rigidity of each part of a friction welding machine has generally been used.

However, the method of increasing the rigidity of each part of the machine is problematic in terms of cost, and there are also limits to the method of responding to strain and deformation by increasing the rigidity.

The present invention was devised in response to the above-mentioned conventional situation, especially when joining heavy bodies with workpieces having a diameter of, for example, about 200 mm. More specifically, the thrust cylinder that applies upsetting thrust to the spindle mechanism and the support frame that fixes the clamp stopper are movable with respect to the bed. The feature is that strain and deformation of the bed and bending deformation of the clamp mechanism are prevented by canceling out strain and deformation occurring in the support frame through the movement of the support frame. be.

That is, the present invention provides a friction welding machine that is equipped with a clamp mechanism that is fixedly installed on a bed, and a spindle mechanism that is provided in correspondence with the clamp mechanism so that it can move forward and backward. A thrust cylinder for applying thrust to the spindle mechanism is provided at one end of the support frame, and a clamp stopper is fixed to the other end of the support frame. The gist of the clamp stopper is that it is constructed so that the clamp mechanism is provided in a corresponding manner with a clamp mechanism in between.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to illustrative drawings.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the entire friction welding machine according to the present invention, in which (1) indicates the bed. The top surface of the bed (1) is formed of a flat surface, and a support frame (2) is placed on the top surface.

The support frame (2) consists of a pair of front and rear bladders that stand up perpendicular to the top surface of the bet (1).
A rectangular rigid frame structure is formed by a pair of upper and lower tie rods 4N4)' connecting the two brackets 1-(3)(31). Wheels (5) (5), (5) (5) are mounted on the lower end of both brackets (3H3)', and the bed (5) (5) (5) 1) It is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in the drawing) on the top.

A slide base (6) is fixed to the top surface of the bed (1), and a spindle mechanism is provided on the slide base (6). (The force is applied to the spindle head tear that constitutes the spindle mechanism. The spindle mechanism 1-(7) is provided so as to be slidable in the front and rear directions via a thrust cylinder (10). The cylinder (10)' is fixed to the bracket (3), while the piston rod "101" is provided so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the spindle mechanism, and its tip is connected to the spindle head (7). A spindle (8) is rotatably supported on the head (7), and several chucks (9) are provided at the tip of the spindle (8).

Further, a clamp mechanism (11) is fixedly installed on the bed (1) in correspondence with the chuck (9). A clamp stopper (12) is provided at the rear of the clamp mechanism (11). The same lamp stopper (12) is fixed at its base to the bracket (3)', and the same lamp stopper (12) is fixed to the bracket (3)'.
It is provided by extending horizontally towards the clamp mechanism (11).

Meanwhile, the bracket (3) is provided with an auxiliary cylinder (13) for fixing the support frame (2). The same auxiliary cylinder =
(13) is fixed at its base, that is, the cylinder cylinder (13+') to the vent (1), and the piston rod (13)'' is connected to the bracket (3).

Next, its effect will be explained.

Figure 5 shows the spindle head (with the force in the retracted position).
The work piece (A) is placed in the chuck (9), and the clamp mechanism (
11) shows the state in which the workpieces (B) are grasped.

With the pair of workpieces (A) and (B) gripped against the chuck (9) and the clamping mechanism circle as described above, by supplying hydraulic oil to the auxiliary cylinder (13), the support frame (2) can be locked in place. With the support frame (2) locked in place, the cylinder tube (10)' of the thrust cylinder (10)
Send hydraulic oil to the piston rod (10)
By acting in the direction of extrusion from the cylinder tube (10)'', a state in which it slides toward the spindle head pump mechanism (11) can be obtained.

By sliding the spindle head (force is applied to the slide base (6) toward the clamp mechanism (11) through rapid feed and slow feed, the evaporated prisoner grasped by the chunk (9) is moved toward the clamp mechanism (11). ) The workpiece is gripped by one hand on the side (
However, when the machining cycle reached a state where it came into contact with the work piece (B), the supply of hydraulic oil to the auxiliary cylinder (I3) was stopped. do. By stopping the supply of hydraulic oil to the auxiliary cylinder (13), the support frame (2) is released from the state where its movement had been stopped by the auxiliary cylinder 03), and moves in the front-back direction, that is, in the bed (1). A state in which it can move freely along the longitudinal direction is obtained.

If the workpieces (A) and (B) are heavy bodies with a diameter of, for example, about 200 mm, it is difficult to set them to the chuck (9) and clamp mechanism (11), especially when the clamp It becomes extremely difficult to fine-tune the setting position for the mechanism (1).As a result, as shown in Figure 5, the clamp stopper f1
In many cases, the work piece (B) is machined with a clearance of α between the work piece (B) and the clamp stopper (12). In the case where the support frame (2) is allowed to move freely as described above, the end face of the machining journey is moved through the hydraulic pressure of the thrust cylinder (10) to the workpiece ( By bringing it into contact with the end face of the clamp stopper 02), the support frame (2) moves toward the bracket (3), that is, in the state shown in Fig. 5, to the left, and the tip of the clamp stopper 02) is brought into contact with the workpiece (B). A state in which it comes into close contact with the rear end surface of the is obtained.

However, as shown in section 2, the clamp stopper (12) comes into close contact with the rear end surface of the workpiece (B), and the workpiece (B)
) with respect to the front end surface of the work piece (B) on the chuck (9) side.
) is in contact with the workpiece (A) on the chuck (9) side due to the rotational drive of the spindle (8), causing the workpiece (A) on the chuck (9) side to slide against the workpiece (B) on the clamp mechanism (11) side (frictional thrust) is obtained. Frictional heat is generated between the end faces of the workpieces (A) and (B) through this frictional thrust.

As frictional heat is generated between the end faces of both machining journeys (B), high temperature plasticized layers are formed on both end faces of the workpieces (A) and (B), while A
) The unevenness and oxide film on the end face of (B) are extruded out of the radius as a flanoch, helping to form a smooth and clean pressure contact surface.

Then, in a situation where a high temperature plasticized layer is formed between the end faces of both workpieces (A) and (B) and the clean surfaces are in contact with each other, the rotation of the spindle (8) is suddenly stopped. On the other hand, by applying high-pressure upset thrust to both workpieces (A) and (B) through the thrust cylinder (10), the joining action of both workpieces (3) and (B) can be obtained. be.

By applying a high-pressure thrust to both work pieces (A) and (B) through the thrust cylinder (10), each part of the support frame (2) undergoes elastic strain corresponding to the thrust. This will result in Specifically, the thrust cylinder (
10), and the bracket (3), which completely fixes the clamp stopper (12), their intermediate portions are distorted in opposite directions, that is, in the directions of the arrows (X) and (X). On the other hand, both brackets l-(3) (3)
As `` is strained and deformed in the direction of arrow oo ■, tensile stress acts on both tie ronds (4) and (4)'.
Due to the same tensile stress, the relative direction, that is, the arrow (Yl) (g)
This results in distortion and deformation in the direction.

Both brackets (3) constituting the support frame (2) (
3) "I'1" is not fixed to the bed (1) and is movable on the top surface of the bed (1) via the wheels (5) (5). Both brackets l-(
3) The elastic strain of (3)' is for both wheels (5) (5), (5)
(5) are absorbed by rotating in the direction of the arrow (Z) (Z), respectively. Therefore, both brackets (3) (
An elastic strain of 3+' is not transmitted to the vent (1). In other words, no strain or deformation corresponding to the thrust occurs in the bed (1), and the reaction force of the thrust, which is received by the gripping force of the clamp mechanism, is also absorbed by the movable bracket l-(3) with respect to the bed (1). ), and does not extend to the bed (1) to which the clamp mechanism is fixed. In this way, no strain or deformation occurs in the bed (1), so the clamp mechanism (1) fixed to the four beds (1)
1) can maintain a normal state without being affected by strain or deformation. Both processed pieces (A) (
In the situation where B) is joined, the thrust cylinder (1
By stopping the application of the upset thrust by 0), the elastic strain in each part of the support frame (2) is released and the support frame (2) returns to its previous state. Furthermore, by supplying hydraulic oil to the auxiliary cylinder (13), the support frame (2) can be returned to its old position.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and as described above, a thrust cylinder for applying thrust to the spindle mechanism is fixed to one end, and a support frame to which a clamp stopper is fixed to the other end is moved onto the bed. By making it possible to absorb the elastic strain that occurs in the support frame in response to the thrust through the rotation of the wheels, the strain and deformation that occurs in each part of the support frame due to the thrust is absorbed by the bed. I have now been able to completely block all transmissions. As a result, it has become possible to prevent deformation of the clamp mechanism itself and deformation of the clamp mechanism caused by strain and deformation of the bed, and to maintain the clamp mechanism in a normal state.

In addition, the thrust cylinder and clamp stopper, which are fixed to both the front and rear ends of the support frame, are provided opposite to each other on both sides with the clamp mechanism in between, and are movable via the support frame. It has now become possible to cancel out the thrust that is applied to the supporting frame itself through the movement of the support frame itself in the opposite direction to the direction in which the thrust is applied. In this way, the thrust force on the clamp mechanism can be offset through the movement of the support frame, so that no distortion or deformation of the clamp mechanism due to the upset thrust occurs, and the clamp mechanism can be returned to its normal state. It has now been possible to maintain the

By using both of the above methods, it became possible to maintain the clamp mechanism in a normal state, thereby making it possible to improve the joining accuracy of the workpieces.

On the other hand, in the present invention, by providing the support frame so as to be movable as described above, it is possible to temporarily prevent the work piece from contacting the clamp stopper with respect to the clamp mechanism, that is, as shown in FIG. Even if the workpiece is clamped with a clearance between it and the clamp stopper, the workpiece will automatically come into contact with the clamp stopper through the movement of the support frame at the stage of applying frictional thrust to the workpiece. I was able to set it so that it was in contact with the other. The same effect is noticeable in joining operations for heavy workpieces that are difficult to finely adjust.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 are drawings showing conventional structures, where Figure 1 is a side view of a friction welding machine with the most common conventional structure, and Figure 2 is a model of strain deformation in the friction welding machine. FIG. 3 is a side view of a conventional friction welding machine equipped with tie rods, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a model of strain deformation in the friction welding machine. FIG. 5 is a side view showing the entire friction welding machine according to the present invention. (11 bed, (2) support frame, (3) (3)' bracket, (4) (4)' tie rod, (5) wheel, (
6) Slide base, (7) spindle head, (8)
Spindle, (9) Chuck, (10) Thrust cylinder, (10)'Cylinder tube, (10)'' Piston rod, (11) Clamp mechanism, (12) Clamp stopper, (13) Auxiliary cylinder, (13)'' Cylinder tube, (+3)'' piston rod. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 ( Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A friction welding machine equipped with a clamp mechanism fixedly installed on the bed and a spindle mechanism installed in correspondence with the clamp mechanism so as to be able to move forward and backward, and in which a support frame formed in a rectangular frame shape is mounted on the bed. It is provided so that it can be moved in the front and back direction,
A thrust cylinder for applying thrust to the spindle mechanism is fixed to one end of the support frame, and a clamp stopper is fixed to the other end of the support frame. The thrust cylinder and clamp stopper are connected to each other with a clamp mechanism in between. A friction welding machine characterized by being installed in a shape.