JPS5826993A - Multiple tank type heat accumulating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To restrict the temperature descending rate of a central tank at a low level by a method wherein the central tank, at the center of the laminated tanks, is heated to a high temperature at first, and then heat at a high temperature is accumulated in the outside tanks sequentially. CONSTITUTION:An outer frame 1, an intermediate frame 3 and a central frame 2 are constituted by an insulative material respectively, therefore, insulation of multiple layers is constituted with respect to the central tank N. The change of temperature distributions with respect to the coordinate of time generates the relation of the slopes of the temperature between each tanks as follows; (the temperature of tank A) < (the temperature of tank B) < (the temperature of the central tank N). The tank, neighboring the atmosphere, is the tank A having relatively low temperature, accordingly, the temperature difference is small and a heat loss may be reduced, while the high-temperature conditon of the central tank N may be kept as it is for a long period of time in result.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for effectively storing solar thermal energy, geothermal heat, factory waste heat, or the like.

Generally, when collecting and using solar thermal energy,
The supply of heat varies depending on the weather, time of day, operating status of the heat source, etc., and is not constant, making it extremely difficult to use on the demand side.

Therefore, as a conventional method to solve such problems,
A heat storage tank has been installed in the system to temporarily store heat.

However, in conventional heat storage tanks, regardless of whether the input temperature is high or low from a heat collection device, it is stored in the same heat storage tank using a single heat storage method. However, the heat storage temperature was averaged out, and when recovering koji in a high temperature range, it was not possible to make effective use of it.

By the way, recent solar thermal energy collectors are
Progress is being made in the direction of high-temperature heat recovery.

High-temperature heat recovery technology is also progressing for factory waste heat.

On the other hand, demands from the demand side are also increasing, as the heat output from thermal storage tanks gradually demands a stable supply of high-temperature heat for advanced use such as power generation or large-scale industrial recycling. It has become necessary to develop a heat storage tank that can handle this.

Therefore, in order to meet these demands, the recovered thermal energy in the high temperature range is stored at that high temperature.

In the case of recovery in a low-temperature range, the heat storage is distributed separately as low-temperature heat storage without being mixed with high-temperature heat storage, and moreover, it coexists in the same heat storage tank while storing heat. This is where the development of tanks is desired.

This will also improve exergy efficiency.

It becomes an ideal heat storage tank.

A nine-tube multi-tank heat storage device was devised to satisfy these conditions.

Until now, heat storage devices that have this kind of heat distribution function and are designed to store heat separately in high-temperature and low-temperature regions have been constructed by linearly arranging groups of heat storage tanks with different heat capacities into which heat pipes are inserted. This method attempts to increase the temperature in order from the nearest heat source, but this is expensive because the heat storage tanks are made separately, takes up a lot of space, and the heat source is The loss is the same as that of conventional heat storage tanks, and from this perspective, it can be said that no progress has been made in dealing with it.

Therefore, in the present invention, by stacking the heat storage tanks arranged in parallel and linearly in a concentric multi-tank type, the center tank is heated to high temperature first, and then the intermediate tank group is moved to the outer side. The idea is to accumulate high-temperature heat in the order of the tanks.

By using insulation material in the framework of stacked tanks, the result is a multilayer insulation structure.
The temperature distribution state of the entire heat storage tank over time becomes a temperature gradient: temperature of the center tank>temperature of the intermediate tanks>temperature of the outer tanks, and the direct temperature difference with the outside system becomes small, It is possible to keep the temperature drop rate of the tank low over time.

The heat input system is such that the flow path of the thermal fluid sent from the heat source is a spiral-shaped flow path with an eye corresponding to the central seed part, and each part of the eye and the spiral-shaped flow path is In this case, heat pipes were used to establish thermal connections between various types of equipment.

The main configuration will be explained below using FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a multi-tank heat storage device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of a heat flow section T. That is,
A multi-tank type heat storage section S is installed above a heat flow section T having a spiral flow path, and a heat pipe is used as a heat transfer element between the two to achieve thermal coupling.

The outer frame 1 constituting the outer shape of the heat storage section S is made of iron plate or FRP, etc. in the shape of two cylinders, two barrels, two spheres, etc.
It is well insulated.

Insulated, pressure-resistant,
A heat-resistant central frame 2 is placed, and the outer frame 1 and the central frame 2 are divided by a heat-insulating intermediate frame 3.

Here, the central portion formed by the central frame 2 will be referred to as the central tank N, the tank between the outer frame 1 and the intermediate frame 3 will be referred to as the tank A, and the space between the intermediate frame 3 and the central frame 2 will be referred to as the tank B. shall be.

The intermediate frame 3 can be increased in arbitrary number with the center frame 2, forming a tank C9, -..., and in terms of volume, the center tank N (-... ...Constructed so that the volume ratio of the intermediate tank B and the outer tank A is the same.

However, each of these frames shall be formed in the shape of a concentric shaft.

Then, the outer frame 4 of the cylindrical heat flow section T of an appropriate size surrounded by a heat insulating material is placed in close contact with the bottom surface of the outer frame 1, or is installed in a separated state.

A chamber N' corresponding to the central tank N is formed in the outer frame 4 with a cylindrical heat insulating wall 5N. Furthermore, a chamber B' corresponding to tank B is formed by a wall 5B on its outer periphery. And wall 5B and outer frame 4
The space between them is designated as chamber A', which corresponds to tank A.

In the heat vibrator group connecting the tank A and the chamber A', the evaporating part of each heat pipe projects into the lower heat flow part T, and the condensing part projects into the upper heat storage part S.

In this case, since the function of the heat pipe does not change even if it is bent, the cross-sectional areas of the heat storage section S and the heat flow section T may be different in size.

The heat pipe that can be used here has the following functions: (1) heat transport function with high density and small temperature difference; C) function as a heat flow diode; and (3) heat flux conversion function. In order to strengthen the bond, star-shaped fins are used in the condensing section8. Furthermore, a cylindrical chimney-like fin 9 is added to the tip of the fin. This promotes natural convection of the heat storage medium within the heat storage section S, thereby promoting improvement in heat transfer.

In the evaporation section, spiral fins or disk-shaped fins 7 or the like are attached to increase the contact area with the thermal fluid 10 supplied from the heat source.

Heat sources include solar thermal energy, geothermal heat, and factory waste heat.

The thermal fluid IO is sent through a cylinder 11 provided at an appropriate position belonging to the chamber N' of the heat flow section T at an appropriate flow rate. There, there is a guide plate 13 surrounding the cylinder 11 and having an opening that allows the thermal fluid IO to flow in only one direction.

Further, on the back stand, an arbitrary number of elongated gaps or discharge pipes 14N are arranged vertically on the wall 5N and opened toward the chamber B'. 5N, flowing parallel to the fin 7 and drawing a nine-ring shape, the chamber B'
This will lead to leakage.

In the chamber B', there is a discharge pipe 14N and a discharge pipe 148 on the back that opens into the chamber A' by sandwiching a shielding plate 15B that blocks the flow path.

In the chamber A', a waste outlet 12 is provided on the outer frame 4 on the back of the discharge pipe 14B with a shielding plate 15A in between.

Therefore, the flow of the thermal fluid 10 in the heat flow section T is as follows.

When they are completely opposed, they will form a spiral flow with chamber N' as the eye, and will eventually be abandoned as a thermal fluid 10' at a lower temperature than the abandoned mountain entrance 12 of chamber A'. Become.

When viewed individually, the tanks A, B, and center/tank N of the heat storage section S are independent heat storage tanks, so any heat storage medium may be filled in each one.

It may contain the same heat storage medium 2, for example water,
Different heat storage media 2 For example, tank A is filled with water, tank B is filled with a substance with a high boiling point such as oil, and the central tank N is filled with a latent heat storage medium such as paraffin, and each is heat exchanged in the output. You can also take it out in a container.

In addition, it is also possible to strengthen the pressure resistance over the entire inside of the outer frame L or only in the central tank N portion with iron plates or the like, that is, to make it into a pressure vessel, where heat can be stored as high-pressure hot water.

In this case, it is desirable to agitate the retained water using a suction generator or the like to further promote heat transfer.

In particular, when the thermal fluid 10 fed into the heat flow section T is high-temperature exhaust gas or steam, there is a sufficient temperature difference between it and the heat storage section S. Storing heat in the form of heat can be output as steam, which is a very advantageous form of use from the demand side.

In the embodiment shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, water is used as a heat storage medium common to tanks A and B. This figure shows an example in which the central tank N is configured with an insulated pressure vessel to store heat in high-pressure hot water.

Tank A and tank B are connected by a hollow communication pipe 17, and tank A has a water supply pipe 16. Tank B) A pipe 18 for hot water output is installed.

The central tank N has a water supply pipe 19. A steam extraction pipe 20 is provided.

In this case, tanks A and B may have the same concept as conventional water heat storage tanks, but the central tank N uses heat vibro N for heat input instead of steam or steam ejection from a nozzle in the case of an accumulator. This is due to heat dissipation from the group, but since the response process of heat storage is only different and the resulting state of high-pressure hot water heat storage does not change, other equipment such as pressure reducing valves and safety valves similar to conventional accumulators should be installed. must be added.

Next, the functions of the multi-tank heat storage device with such a configuration,
The operating status and effects will be explained.

Thermal fluid 10, which is supplied using solar thermal energy, geothermal heat, factory waste heat, etc. as a heat source, first flows into chamber N' through a tube 11 provided at an appropriate position in chamber N' of heat flow section T, and passes through the guide plate. Following guidance in one direction by 13.

It flows inside the chamber N' along the cylindrical wall 5N.

If the Heat Vibro N group protrudes along the wall, the evaporation part of the Heat Vibro N group will absorb heat if the temperature of the thermal fluid 10 is higher than the temperature of the central tank N. releases heat.

The nine disc-shaped fins 7 and the like, the star-shaped fins 8 and the chimney-shaped fins 9 promote heat transfer at this time.

When the temperature of the supplied thermal fluid 10 is lower than the central tank N, or when the supply from the heat source is stopped, the heat pipe functions as a heat flow diode.

Transfer of heat to the central tank N is impossible;
The heat is not released back toward the heat flow section T. Heat always flows in one direction from the heat flow section T toward the heat storage section S.

The ninth-order chamber B/ and the next chamber A' are the thermal fluid I.
Since the flow path of O is formed in a spiral shape with the chamber N' as the eye, if the heat vibro B group and 6A group protrude from each, the function of the heat pipe as a heat transfer element is limited to the chamber N'. Acting in the same way as in N', the thermal fluid 10
While gradually reducing the amount of heat and temperature, the fuel itself reaches the waste pile port 12 of chamber A' and is discarded as a low-temperature thermal fluid lO'. This requires a smaller space than the method of arranging heat storage tanks in parallel and straight lines, and the flow path of the thermal fluid 10 can be made longer in a spiral shape.

Since it is thermally coupled with a corresponding multi-tank type heat storage section S, it is possible to widen the temperature range for effective use of the thermal fluid 1O from high temperature to low temperature.

The heat flux conversion function of the heat pipe is such that when the thermal fluid IO sent to the heat flow section T has a high temperature but a low heat flux, such a situation is expected from the beginning, especially when it is waste gas. When used in systems where

Is it possible to maintain a balance between the inflow and outflow heat fluxes?

It is also possible to cause the heat storage section S to radiate heat as a high heat flux.

Next, considering the effect in the heat storage section S, if the same heat storage medium is used for each type.

Since the center tank N is the smallest in terms of volume and the heat from the thermal fluid 10 that maintains the initial high temperature is transferred, a high heat flux is received in the center tank N. The high temperature of N will rise quickly.

Then, the temperature gradually increases in the order of tank B and tank A.

Considering the preconditions that the heat source is variable and the amount of heat supplied is unstable, this is because from the demand side, the central tank N is first heated to a high temperature, rather than storing heat at an average temperature. There are big profits if you do.

Furthermore, when considering the problem of temperature drop in the heat storage section S over time, the outer frame 1. Intermediate frame 3. Center frame 2. are composed of respective heat insulating materials, so the central tank N is constructed with multi-layer heat insulation. The change in the temperature distribution state with respect to the nine time axes is caused by a temperature gradient relationship between the various types, such as the temperature of tank A < the temperature of tank B and the temperature of central tank N.

Directly adjacent to the external system is tank A, which has a relatively low temperature, so the temperature difference is small and heat loss is small.
On the other hand, the high temperature state of the central tank N results in being maintained for a long time.

If such a heat storage system is established, conventional heat storage devices will not be able to cope with the supply of exhaust gas, hot water, steam, etc. that fluctuates more than the heat source, and only a portion of it will be used for heat storage, while the remaining Most of the thermal energy is still discarded as waste heat to the outside system, but this can be significantly improved, and the exergy efficiency is also improved, resulting in a very large practical effect. be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a multiple tank type heat storage device. FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the heat flow section T of the multi-tank heat storage device. Patent applicant Takashi Yasukawa - Moromi

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) The heat storage section S has an outer frame l made of iron plate or F'RP in a cylindrical, barrel, or spherical shape, and well insulated with heat insulating material. A central frame 2 with heat insulation, pressure resistance, and heat resistance is placed in the center, and the outer frame 1 and the center frame 2 are divided by intermediate frames 3 with heat insulation properties, and the number of intermediate frames 3 is arbitrary. The number of frames can be increased, and each frame is formed with concentric shafts. (2) The heat flow section T has a cylindrical wall 5N and a wall 5B in a cylindrical outer frame 4 surrounded by a heat insulating material, and a chamber N' corresponding to the central tank N and a chamber B corresponding to the tank B. ', a chamber I corresponding to the tank A is formed, a cylinder U for feeding the thermal fluid 10 is provided in the chamber N', it is surrounded by a guide plate 13, a discharge pipe 14N etc. are installed on the wall 5N behind it, and the chamber In B', a shielding plate 158 is placed behind the discharge pipe 14N.
A discharge pipe 14B is installed on the wall 5B by sandwiching the discharge pipe 148.
By providing this in the outer frame 4, a spiral-shaped flow path for the thermal fluid 10 with the chamber N' as the eye is formed. (2) Install the heat storage section S on the upper part of the heat flow section T, either in close contact with it or in a separated state. (4) Connect an arbitrary number of Heat Vibro N groups by connecting central tank N and chamber N', connect Heat Vibro 6B group by connecting tank B and chamber B', and connect tank A and chamber A' by connecting the central tank N and chamber N'. The evaporating part of each heat pipe in the heat vibrator group protrudes into the lower heat flow part T, and the condensing part protrudes into the upper heat storage part S. 6) In the tank A, tank B, and center tank N of the heat storage section S, an arbitrary heat storage heat medium is sealed in each one. It may be the same thermal storage medium. (6) Strengthen the pressure resistance over the entire inside of the outer frame l of the heat storage section S or only at the central tank N portion with iron plates or the like. Here, heat can be stored as high-pressure hot water.