JPS5822938B2 - Reversible rotary motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an f, f motor that can rotate in either forward or reverse directions.

Conventionally, this type of motor has been constructed with two magnetic poles each wrapped with a separate drive coil and which become opposite in polarity when the coils are excited, and an auxiliary pole wrapped with an auxiliary coil. .

The operation was carried out by selectively matching the polarity of the auxiliary pole with that of both magnetic poles and rotating the rotor in either forward or reverse directions.

However, since this motor is operated by three coils, its structure is complicated, and there are drawbacks such as the possibility of downsizing the motor.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a stator having a substantially U-shape, and is composed of a leg 2.3 and a base 4, with a 7.
Drive magnetic pole portions 2a and 3a are formed.

A rotor 5 is located between the drive magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a.

In this embodiment, the rotor 5 is magnetized with ten poles on its outer circumference.

A commutative pole 6 extends from the center of the base 4 and faces the rotor 5.

A forward rotation coil 7 and a reverse rotation coil 8 are wound around the legs 2 and 3 of the stake 1 symmetrically with respect to the commutating pole 6.

Note that the forward rotation coil 7 and the reverse rotation coil 8 are connected to the leg portion 2.3.
However, they may be provided on the left and right sides of the base 4.

The driving magnetic pole parts 2a, 3a and the commutative pole 6 of the stator 1 have cutouts 2b, 3b on the surfaces facing the rotor 5.

6a is formed.

Here, the shapes and positional relationships of the stator 1, rotor 5, and commutating poles 6 will be described in detail.

9 is the center line passing through the field of view of the magnetic poles of the rotor 5, and since the rotor is magnetized to 10 poles as described above, the center line is 5
This is one of those books.

The stator 1 and the commutating poles 6 are symmetrical about the center line 9,
The surfaces of the driving magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a of the stator 1 and the commutating pole 6 facing the rotor 5 are set so that they are approximately divided into three equal parts, that is, about 120 degrees each. The center line 9 is the drive magnetic pole part 2 of the stator 1
In the positional relationship shown in the first diagram in which the drive magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a are located at the center of the gap between the rotor 5 and the rotor 5, the odd number of magnetic poles of the rotor 5, that is, three magnetic poles in this embodiment, can be opposed to the drive magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a.

Further, in the positional relationship shown in the first diagram, when the center line 9 of the rotor 5 is located at the center of the gap between the drive magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a of the stator 1, the center line 9 of the gap between the drive magnetic pole part 2a and the commutating pole 6
0 is the magnetic pole N3 of the adjacent rotor 5. It is deviated from the boundary 5a of s4 by an angle θ in the counterclockwise a'' direction, and the 1 drive magnetic pole portion 3
The center 11 of the gap between the magnetic pole N5.a and the commutating pole 6 is the magnetic pole N5. It is shifted clockwise by an angle θ from the boundary 5b of S.

The angle θ is set to 12 degrees in this embodiment, and an angle of less than half of the magnetic pole angle of one pole of the rotor 5, that is, 360 degrees/1.0 pole 236 degrees is used.

And notches 2b provided in the stator 1 and the commutative pole 6
, 3b.

6a is formed so as to face the boundary of the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 when the center line 9 of the rotor 5 is located at the center of the gap between the drive magnetic pole parts 2a and 3a, as shown in the first diagram.

That is, the notch 2b faces the boundary between the magnetic poles N2 and 83, the notch 3b faces the boundary between the magnetic poles N and 82, and the notch 6a faces the boundary between the magnetic poles N4 and S5.

Therefore, in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 1, magnetic flux with small magnetic resistance as shown in FIG. 2A is generated from each magnetic pole of the rotor 5,
The rotor 5 remains stable and stationary.

However, if the rotor 5 is positioned as shown in FIG.
, 2b, and 6a, the magnetic resistance becomes extremely large.

For this reason, a rotational torque that reduces magnetic resistance acts on the rotor 5, causing it to rotate slightly in either direction and come to rest at a position where the boundaries between the notches and the magnetic poles face each other.

Therefore, when no current is applied, the rotor stops in the positional relationship shown in the first diagram.

Although three notches are provided in this example, there may be three notches.

Next, the operation will be explained. When the reversing coil 8 is energized from the state shown in the first figure, the driving magnetic pole part 2a and the commutative pole 6 are excited to have the same polarity, and the driving magnetic pole part 3a is excited to have different polarities.

Assuming that when a stop pulse is supplied to the coil 8, the drive magnetic pole part 2a and the commutative pole 6 are excited to the N pole, and the drive magnetic pole part 3a is excited to the S pole, the magnetic flux 12 shown in FIG.
．． 13 occurs.

The magnetic flux 12 passes through the commutating pole 6, the rotor 5.1 driving magnetic pole part 3a, the leg part 3, and the base part 4, and has a short magnetic path and is a strong magnetic flux.

The magnetic flux 13 is distributed between the drive magnetic pole part 2a, the rotor 51, and the drive magnetic pole part 3.
a, the magnetic flux 1 passes through leg 3, base 4, and leg 2, and the magnetic path is long.
The magnetic flux is weaker than 2.

This state is the state shown in FIG. 4a, and the magnetic attraction and repulsion between each magnetic pole of the rotor 5, the driving magnetic pole portions 2a and 3a, and the commutating pole 6 will now be described.

1 S1 pole of the rotor 5 facing the S pole of the drive magnetic pole part 3a,
The S2 pole is repelled and the N1 pole is attracted, but this repulsive force and attraction force are directed toward the center of the rotor 5 and do not become rotational torque of the rotor 5.

In addition, the N2 pole + N3 pole + N pole of the rotor 5 that faces the N pole of the drive magnetic pole part 2a and the commutative pole 6 are repelled, and the S3 pole and S5 pole are attracted, but this repulsive force and attraction force are also applied to the rotor 5. It is a force directed toward the center of the rotor 5, and does not become the rotational torque of the rotor 5.

The N pole of the rotor 5 is the boundary 5 with the adjacent S1 pole.
b and the center 11 of the gap between the driving magnetic pole part 3a and the commutating pole 6, so that it is attracted to the S pole of the driving magnetic pole part 3a and the commutating pole 6. It is repelled from the N pole and receives a counterclockwise rotational torque.

This rotational torque is obtained in the portion of the magnetic flux 12 having the highest magnetic flux density, so it becomes a large torque.

Further, the S4 pole of the rotor 5 is attracted to the N pole of the auxiliary pole 6, and receives rotational torque in the counterclockwise direction.

Therefore, the rotor 5 rotates approximately 30 degrees counterclockwise, and the fourth
It will be in the state shown in the figure.

In this state, each magnetic pole of the rotor 5 and the drive magnetic pole portion 2a
, 3a and the magnetic poles of the commutating pole 6 are all in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 5, and the rotor 5 is stationary.

Then, when the positive pulse to the coil 8 is cut off, the rotor 5 further rotates approximately 6 degrees counterclockwise, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 4C.

At this time, similar to FIG. 2A, the notches 2b, 3b, 6a
The rotor 5 stops so that the boundary between the magnetic poles of the rotor 5 and the magnetic pole of the rotor 5 face each other, and a closed magnetic path is formed.

As a result, the rotor 5 rotated counterclockwise by one minute, that is, 36 degrees.

(When a negative pulse is supplied to this coil 8, the drive magnetic pole part 2a and the commutative pole 6 are excited to the S pole, and the drive magnetic pole part 3a
is excited to the north pole.

Then, the S5 pole is attracted to the N pole of the drive magnetic pole portion 3a and is repelled by the S pole of the commutative pole 6, and the N3 pole is attracted to the S pole of the commutative pole 6, causing it to rotate counterclockwise.

In the state shown in the first figure, when a negative pulse is supplied to the reversing coil 8, the drive magnetic pole section 2a and the commutator pole 6 are excited to the S pole, and the drive magnetic pole section 3a is excited to the N pole.

At this time, the rotor 5 rotates clockwise by about 6 degrees, and when the power to the reversing coil 8 is cut off, it returns about 6 degrees, and the rotor 5 does not rotate and remains in the state shown in the first figure.

Then, rotation starts from the next positive pulse as described above.

Furthermore, a case will be described in which the rotor 5 is rotated clockwise.

When the normal rotation coil 7 is energized from the state shown in the first figure, the drive magnetic pole part 3a and the commutative pole 6 become the same polarity, and the drive magnetic pole part 2a becomes different polarity.

For example, when an IF pulse is supplied to the forward rotation coil 7, the drive magnetic pole portion 2a becomes the N pole, and the drive magnetic pole portion 3a and the complementary pole 6 become the S pole.
It becomes a pole and becomes the state shown in Fig. 4d.

In this case, the magnetic flux density between the driving magnetic pole portion 2a and the commutating pole 6 is high.

The N pole of the drive magnetic pole part 2a and the N3 pole of the opposing rotor 5,
The magnetic attractive force and repulsive force between the S3 pole and the N2 pole are forces directed toward the center and do not become rotational torque of the rotor.

In addition, the magnetic attractive force and repulsive force between the S pole of the drive magnetic pole part 3a and the commutating pole 6 and the S2 pole, N1 pole, S1 pole + S5 pole + N4 pole of the opposing rotor 5 are also forces directed toward the center of the rotor 5. Therefore, the rotational torque of the rotor 5 is not achieved.

The 84 poles of the rotor 5 are located at the boundary 5 with the adjacent N3 pole.
a and the center 10 of the gap between the driving magnetic pole part 2a and the commutating pole 6, so that it is attracted to the N pole of the driving magnetic pole part 2a and the commutating pole 6 It is repulsed from the S pole and receives a clockwise rotational torque.

This rotational torque is also obtained in the strong magnetic flux portion, so it becomes a large torque.

Further, the N5 pole of the rotor 5 is attracted to the S pole of the auxiliary pole 6, and receives clockwise rotational torque.

Therefore, the rotor 5 rotates approximately 30 degrees clockwise, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 4e.

When the positive pulse is turned off, the rotor 5 further rotates about 6 degrees clockwise, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 4f.

At this time, as described above, the rotor 5 is stably stopped by the closed magnetic path of each magnetic pole of the rotor such that the boundary between the magnetic poles and the notch face each other.

In this way, the rotor 5 is moved clockwise by one pole, that is, three poles.
Rotate 6 degrees.

When a negative pulse is supplied to the detent coil 7, the drive magnetic pole part 2a is excited to the S pole, and the drive magnetic pole part 3a and the commutative pole 6 are excited to the N pole, as shown by the broken line in FIG. Rotate 36 degrees by one pole in the direction.

In this way, by supplying polarized pulses to the forward rotation coil I, the rotor 5 rotates clockwise, and the reverse rotation coil 8
By supplying a polarized pulse to the rotor 5, the rotor 5 rotates counterclockwise.

Note that the surfaces of the two driving magnetic poles and the commutating poles of the stator that face the rotor are opposed so as to divide the outer periphery of the rotor into approximately three equal parts; however, the two driving magnetic poles and the commutating poles The gap may also be set large.

As described above, according to the present invention, the configuration is simple;
A reversible rotary motor that can be made smaller can be provided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, with the first figure being a front view and the second figure being a front view.
3 is a front view showing the excitation state and magnetic flux when one of the coils is energized, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the operation. 1... Stator, 2, 3... Leg, 2a
, 3a...1 driving magnetic pole part, 2b, 3b...
...Notch, 4...Base, 5...Rotor, 5a, 5b...Boundary of magnetic poles, 6...
Compensating pole, 6a... Notch, 7... Coil for stopping rotation, 8... Coil for reversing, 9... Center line passing through the boundary of magnetic poles, 10 .11...1 Center of the gap between the driving magnetic pole and the commutating pole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotor that is rotatably mounted and made of a permanent magnet, and 1. A drive magnetic pole part that is symmetrical with respect to the center line of the rotor and that can face the odd number of magnetic poles of the rotor at its tip. a substantially U-shaped stake consisting of two legs formed in the section and a base connecting the other ends of the legs; and a stake located on the center line of the rotor and extending from the base of the stator. a commutative pole, which is symmetrical with respect to the center line and faces the rotor; a notch provided in one driving magnetic pole portion of the stake and a surface of at least one of the commutative poles facing the rotor; A stopping coil and a reversing coil are provided on both sides of the stator, and when the boundary of the magnetic poles of the rotor is located at the center of the gap between the two legs, The center of the gap between each of the drive magnetic pole parts of the leg and the commutative pole is at an angle less than half the angle of one magnetic pole of the rotor from the boundary of adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor. 1. A reversible rotary motor, wherein the notches are offset in opposite directions, and the notches are provided so as to face boundaries of magnetic poles of the rotor.