JPS5821812Y2 - Vehicle locking device with shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a vehicle stop device with a shock absorber provided at the end of a track.

Conventionally, a vehicle stopper with a shock absorber installed at the end of a track at a terminal station is a movable member that receives the colliding vehicle at one point using a central coupler or at two points on both ends of the front surface of the bogie frame. This is absorbed by a piston-structured shock absorber to reduce the movement of movable members in the event of a collision.

In this case, the movable member is made of a rigid body, so after the vehicle contacts the movable member, it moves at the same speed as the vehicle and the shock absorber acts. However, if the mass of the movable member is large at this time, the vehicle may collide with the movable member. The initial impact will be larger, increasing the risk of injury to passengers or luggage, and will also cause damage to the vehicle in the debris.

In the case of a device that receives the damage at one point using a coupler, the coupler may swing significantly to the left or right depending on the type of vehicle, and in the event of a collision, the coupler cannot be received by the tip of the coupler and must be received by the side. This could lead to damage to the coupler.

This idea was made to solve these conventional problems, and its purpose is to alleviate the initial impact when a vehicle collides, and also to prevent the coupler from swinging too far to the left or right. To provide a vehicle stopping device with a shock absorber capable of safely stopping a vehicle without damaging a coupler even if the coupler comes into contact with the device.

In order to achieve this purpose, this invention provides an underframe holder in the concave part of the movable body whose movement is alleviated by a shock absorber via a spacing member having a certain reaction force against compression.
This underframe support is provided with a recessed portion at the center of the front surface from which the coupler is ejected, and protrusions at both end portions of the front surface for receiving the vehicle underframe near the coupler.

This invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a vehicle stopper with a shock absorber according to this invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the main parts.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a vehicle, 2 is an underframe of the vehicle 1, 3 is a coupler attached to the center front of the underframe 2, and 4/
/'i Case for guiding the rond part of the coupler 3, 5t/
'i A coupling buffer spring 6 provided in the case 4 is a metal fitting for attaching the case 4 to the underframe 2.

Further, 8 is a movable body, 9 is a shock absorber for absorbing the kinetic energy of the vehicle 1 by absorbing the movement of the movable body 8 in the vehicle traveling direction, and 10 is a rod connecting the movable body 8 and the shock absorber 9. .

The shock absorber 8 is fixed to the ground or the like.

The movable main body 8 is provided with a recess 8as at the center of the front surface and a protrusion 8b on both ends of the front surface, and guide rails 8c are provided on the inner surface of the protrusion 8b.

A cushioning material 11 made of rubber or the like is provided on the front surface of the protrusion 8b.
is attached to receive the front surface of the underframe 2 of the vehicle 1 in the event of a vehicle collision.

Reference numeral 12 denotes an underframe holder whose both sides sandwich the guide rail 8c and is provided in the recess 8a, and is held slidably relative to the movable main body 8 in the vehicle traveling direction.

The underframe receiver 12 is provided with a recess 12a at the center of the front surface and a projection 12b at both ends of the front surface.
A cushioning material 13 made of rubber or the like is attached to the front surface of b.
It is adapted to receive the front surface of the underframe 2 of the vehicle 1 in the event of a vehicle collision.

The concave portion 12a of the underframe receiver 12 is formed so wide that even if the coupler 3 is swung to the left or right, it will not hit the protrusion 12b.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a spacing member provided between the rear surface of the frame holder 13 and the bottom surface of the recess 8a of the movable main body 8, and is formed of a thin aluminum plate in a honeycomb shape.

In FIG. 3, 12c is a protrusion 12b of the underframe holder 12.
This is a guide groove formed on the outer surface of the guide groove 1.
2c so that the guide rail 8c is inserted into the underframe holder 1.
2 is slidably held on the movable body 8.

The distance between the rear surface of the frame support 12 and the bottom surface of the recess 8a of the movable main body 8 is maintained at the length l shown in FIG. 1 by interposing the spacing member 14.

When this spacing member 14 is compressed by applying force as the vehicle advances,
The honeycomb-shaped aluminum thin plates are crushed one after another and exhibit a reaction force,
The reaction force is always constant against displacement due to compression.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement of the spacing member 14 and the reaction force.

Even if the displacement changes, the reaction force is always a constant value F.

becomes. Next, the operation of this device will be explained.

First, as the vehicle 1 moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Part 12
The underframe receiver 12 is pushed in this direction by the vehicle 1 with a predetermined force, and pressure is applied to the spacing member 14.

Here, if the speed of the vehicle 1 is relatively slow, the spacing member 14
As the movable body 8 and the rod 10 are compressed, the movable body 8 and the rod 10 are accelerated, and eventually the movable body 8 and the rod 10 move at the same speed as the vehicle 1.

That is, since the resistance force F of the shock absorber 9 is a function of the moving speed V of the rod 10, the movable body 8 moves at the same speed V as the vehicle 1.
When the vehicle 1 starts moving at □, the resistance force F1 of the shock absorber 9 becomes small if the vehicle 1 makes a collision at a relatively low speed.

This resistance force F1 is the reaction force F of the spacing member 14.

If it is smaller, the spacing member 14 is no longer compressed, and as the vehicle 1 advances, the movable body 8 moves together with it, and this movement is transmitted to the shock absorber 9 via the rod 10.

Therefore, the vehicle 1 gradually reduces its speed and eventually comes to a stop.

FIG. 5 shows this state. In this case, without the spacing member 14, the mass of the movable body 8 is large, and the energy required to accelerate the movable body 8 and the like at the same speed as the vehicle due to a collision with the vehicle is large. 2 and the rigidity of the vehicle 1, most of the impact force acts on the vehicle as impact force.

However, when the spacing member 14 is present, the total mass of the underframe receiver 12 and the spacing member 14 is sufficiently smaller than the mass of the movable body 8, so when the collision speed is extremely small, the spacing member 14
4 operates in exactly the same way as when there is no compression and spacing member 14, but when the collision speed is slightly higher than this, the operation becomes different.

That is, after the collision, the underframe receiver 12, the spacing member 14, the movable main body 8, etc. are accelerated, but the strain energy of the vehicle at this time is insufficient and does not reach the same speed 1 as the vehicle.

At this time, the underframe support 12 is accelerated at the same speed as the vehicle, but because its mass is small, the energy is small and the impact force is negligible.

If there is a speed difference between the underframe receiver 12 and the movable main body 8, the spacing member 14 is compressed, but at the time of compression, the movable main body 8 etc. are accelerated, and when this speed reaches the same speed as the vehicle, the spacing member 14 is compressed. 14 is not compressed.

Reaction force //'iF when the spacing member 14 is compressed. Therefore, the initial impact force is F due to the spacing member 14.

will be relaxed. In addition, the reaction force F of the spacing member 14
.

If F is set below the maximum resistance force of the underframe 2, the pressure F when the front surface of the underframe 2 collides with the underframe support 12 and the spacing member 14 is compressed.

is constant, so no force greater than the maximum resistance force is applied to the underframe 2.

Therefore, the underframe 2 will not be damaged due to collision.

If the speed of vehicle 1 is relatively high, the speed V2 is large.
Therefore, the resistance force F2 of the buffer 9 becomes large, and this resistance force F2 becomes the reaction force F of the spacing member 14.

If it is thicker, the spacing member 14 will be covered.

Then, even if vehicle 1 is decelerated, F2 > p
o, the front end of the underframe 2 comes into contact with the protrusion 8b of the movable main body 8 with the spacing member 14 being mostly compressed.

As a result, the movable main body 8 and the underframe receiver 12 are attached to the vehicle 1.
is received with 4 points, and moves as one as vehicle 1 advances.

This movement is further alleviated by the buffer 9,
Vehicle 1 is decelerated and eventually comes to a stop.

FIG. 6 shows this state. In this case, the vehicle 1 can receive the resistance force at four points, so the force is dispersed and no damage occurs.

When the underframe 2 is bent and hits the projection 8b, the spacing member 14 is compressed, so that the impact received by the vehicle 1 is weak and damage is prevented.

The maximum compression amount of the spacing member 14 is set to 1 as shown in FIG. Projection 8b (
Among the distances between the shock absorbing material 11) and the front surface, let b be the maximum distance due to variations in vehicle types.If the length of the protrusion 8b is set so that b<l, then the length of the vehicle 1 If the speed is relatively high, vehicle 1 will always receive 4 points even if the vehicle type is different.

Note that even if b<1, it is better to compress the spacing member 14 as much as possible in order to reduce the impact, so it is wise to set b to a value close to l.

Furthermore, if the speed of the vehicle 1 is sufficiently slow, the resistance force F3 of the shock absorber 9 at the time of a collision will be smaller than the reaction force FO of the spacing member 14, so the spacing member 14 will not be compressed and the vehicle 1 will immediately move to the shock absorber 9. It is decelerated and stopped by the resistance force of 9.

As described above, the vehicle stopper device with a shock absorber according to this invention not only reduces the initial impact when a vehicle collides, but also prevents the vehicle from being damaged even if the collision speed of the vehicle is relatively high. This has the excellent effect of not damaging the coupler even if the coupler collides while swinging to the left or right.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a vehicle stopper with a shock absorber according to this invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of main parts.
Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the displacement of the spacing member and the reaction force;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are plan views at the time of collision. 1...Vehicle, 2...Underframe, 3...Coupler, 8...
・Movable body, 8a... recess, 8b... protrusion, 8c
...Guide rail, 9...Buffer, 10...Rod, 11.13...Buffer material, 12...Underframe holder, 1
2a... recess, 12b... protrusion, 14... spacing member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A movable body having four protrusions at the center of the front face and protrusions at both ends of the front face for receiving the front end of the vehicle, a shock absorber for mitigating the movement of the movable body, and a movable body capable of sliding freely into the recess of the movable body. an underframe holder having a recess in the center of the front surface for escaping the vehicle coupler, and a protrusion on both ends of the front surface for receiving the vehicle underframe near the coupler; A vehicle stop device with a shock absorber, comprising a spacing member having a certain reaction force against compression, which is provided between the main body and the bottom surface of the recess.