JPS58215440A - Agricultural covering material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an agricultural covering material having improved processability, productivity, resistance to weather, particularly to on-site deterioration, by incorporating cuprous oxide powder in a film based on non-rigid PVC. CONSTITUTION:An agricultural covering material consists of non-rigid PVC film which contains at least 1pt.wt. cuprous oxide powder per 100pts.wt. PVC and whose average transmittance in the visible ray rigion having wavelength of 400-700nm is 45% or above. By incorporating cuprous oxide, heat insulation ability can be improved, static and dynamic thermal stability of the non-rigid vinyl chloride resin contg. cuprous oxide can be remarkably improved, and the processability and productivity of the film can be increased. Further, a film having greatly improved resistance to weather, particularly to on-site deterioration can be obtd.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel agricultural covering material, and more particularly to:
The present invention relates to an agricultural covering material that is excellent in performance such as weather resistance, particularly resistance to aging deterioration, processability, productivity, etc., and has good heat retention ability.

In recent years, greenhouse cultivation, tunnel cultivation, and other facility cultivation have been actively carried out with the aim of increasing the added value of actual crops. This facility cultivation, such as greenhouse cultivation, involves shielding or reflecting the heat (infrared rays) that is absorbed into the ground inside the greenhouse by sunlight during the day and radiates from the ground as radiation at night using a plastic covering material. This keeps the temperature inside the greenhouse higher than the outside air, thereby promoting the growth of intestinal crops within the greenhouse. Therefore, the heat retention ability of an agricultural coating material depends on the ability of the coating material to shield or reflect infrared rays, and the greater these abilities, the greater the heat retention ability of the coating material, and the more desirable the coating material is.

Therefore, various agricultural covering materials have been proposed for the purpose of improving heat retention. For example, various inorganic materials such as copper carbonate powder, ferric ferrocyanide powder, chromium oxide powder, silica, acid salt compounds, dehydrated kaolinite,
It has been proposed to add talc, mica, etc. to all glass coating materials (Japanese Patent Publication No. 31-6854, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-9260, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-13853, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-32938). Publication, JP-A-54-60
347, JP-A-54-71147, JP-A-56-161462, etc.).

The inventor of the present invention also conducted intensive studies with the aim of developing a coating material for machinery with excellent heat retention ability, and found that when copper oxide powder is blended into a film based entirely on soft reinforced vinyl resin, it is completely Surprisingly, it not only improves heat retention, but also improves weather resistance, especially low resistance to VC deterioration, processability,
It was discovered that it was possible to obtain a covering material for FC industry with a remarkable improvement in productivity (2 times), and the present invention was completed.

Therefore, according to the present invention, at least 1 part of cuprous oxide fine powder is contained per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin,
An agricultural covering material made of a soft vinyl chloride resin is provided, which is characterized in that the average transmittance in the visible light region having a wavelength of 400 to TOOnm is at least 45%.

The coating material of the present invention is made entirely of a soft vinyl chloride resin film, and its basic composition has a number average degree of polymerization of about 80.
0 to about 2000, preferably about 1000 to about 1500. Olefin copolymers, or other compatible resins with which vinyl chloride vinyl chloride copolymers are used as living organisms (e.g., polyester resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, vinyl acetate resins, urethane resins, acrylonitrile) -Styrene-
butadiene copolymer resin, partially saponified vinyl alcohol, etc.) [hereinafter collectively referred to as vinyl chloride resin], 30 to 70 parts by weight, preferably 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts of vinyl chloride resin. ~60 parts by weight of plasticizer; 0.05 to 7 parts by weight, preferably 1.0
~5.0 Lubricant and/or heat stabilizer for electric resistance stitching part: 0~5.0
parts by weight, preferably 1.0 to 40 parts by weight of an antifogging agent (or surfactant); 0 to 3.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 40 parts by weight;
0.5 parts by weight of an ultraviolet absorber; 0 to 5.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 parts by weight of an anti-blocking agent, etc. 1. Additionally, other conventional resin additives such as antioxidants, antistatic agents, fillers, colorants, etc. can be included as required.

Examples of plasticizers that can be blended include heptalic acid derivatives such as di-n-octyl phthalate, so-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and soisodecyl phthalate; isophthalic acid derivatives such as diisooctyl isophthalate; nooctyl asopate, etc. Anopic acid 9 conductor; others include tricresyl phosphate, triquinrenyl phosphate, epoxidized soybean oil, among others, dioctyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, dioctyl 5-assobate, and epoxidized soybean oil. Are suitable.

Examples of lubricants or heat stabilizers that can be included in the vinyl chloride resin include chelators such as ethylene wax, stearic acid, zinc stearate, barium stearate, calcium stearate, barium ricinoleate, and organic phosphite esters. , epoxy resins, etc. Examples of antifogging agents (or surfactants) include sorbitan surfactants such as sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monostearate, and sorbitan monobehenate; glycerin monolaurate; Glycerin-based surfactants such as soglycerin monopalmitate and glycerin monostearate; Polyethylene glycol-based surfactants such as polyethylene glycol monostearate and polyethylene glycol monostearate; Alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols; Sorbitan/glycerin Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone. -4-n-dodecyloxybenzophenone/, 2-hydroxy-4-1-octadecyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydrogine-4
-pennoloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4
-methoxy-2'-cargoxypenzophenone, 2-humanOxy4-methoxy5-sulfobenzophenone,
2-Hydroxy-5-chlorobenzophenone, 2.4-
Dihydroxybenzophenone, 2.2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2.2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2.2'
- benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers such as dihydroxydi-4,4'-nomethoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone, 2.2',4.4'-tetrahydroxypencyphenone;
2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-butylphenyl)penztriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-te
rt-butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2
'-Hydroxy-3',5'-dimethylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-methyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)penztriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methyl-5'-tert -butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3
', 5'-J-tart-7milphenyl) benzo), 2-(2'-hydroxy-3/, 5
/-not-tert-butylphenyl)pendotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3r, s/-tumethylphenyl)-5-methoxybenzotriazole, 2-(
2/-n-octadecyloxicu3Z5/-dimethylphenyl)-5-methylbenzotriazole, 2-(2'
-hydroxy-5'-methoxyphenyl)pe/citriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-octoxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hyFtf
f-xy-5'-methoxyphenyl)-5-methylbenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-S,S-dichlorobenzotriazole, 2
-(2'-Hydroxy-5'-tfjτt-butylphenyl)-5-10 Lopenzotriazole, 2-(2'-
Hydroxyc-3'15'-'/-1ert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-
Hydroxy-5'-phenylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-sochlorohexylphenyl)penztriazole, 2-(
2'-Hydroxy-3'15'-dichlorophenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-47, S
/ -dichlorophenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(
2'-Hydroxy-3/, s/-di-tert-butyl 9-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2
'-Hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-
(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-5-butoxycarvinylbenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'15'-trimethylphenyl)-5-butoxycarvinylbenzotriazole, 2-( 2'-Hydroxy)-5-ethoxycarginylbenzotriazole, 2-(2'-acetoxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-57-
methylphenyl)-5-ethylsulfonebenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'15'-tsumethylphenyl)-5-ethylsulfonebenzotriazole,
Pensito-10 such as 2-(2'-hydroquine-57-phenylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-aminophenyl)benzotriazole, etc.
- Riazole ultraviolet absorber; phenylzalisolate, p
-tart Salicylic acid ester ultraviolet absorbers such as butylphenyl salisolate, p-methylphenyl salisolate, p-octylphenyl sali7late and the like can be mentioned.

In addition, anti-blocking agents include, for example, fatty acid amides such as methylene bis stearylamide; higher fatty acids and their derivatives such as butyl stearate; higher alcohols such as stearyl alcohol; and metal soaps such as calcium stearate. be done.

Furthermore, examples of antioxidants that may be added as necessary include phenolic antioxidants, such as 2.6-di-t-
Butyl-p-cresol, 4゜4'-thiobis=(3-
Methyl-6-1-butylphenol), 2,2-so(4
-hydroxyphenyl)pronoson, 1,1,3-tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-1-butylphenyl)butane, octadecyl-3-(3,5-not
-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate,
Pentaerythritol-tetra-(3,s-not-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, 1
, 3.5-tris(4-t-butyl-3-hydroxy-
2,6-nomethylpenzyl)in cyanurate, tris-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate; thiodiglopionic acid ester, di-n-dodecyl-thionoprionate, di-n - octadesoluthiosoglobionate, fatty sulfides and sosulfides such as di-dodecyl sulfide, di-n-octadecyl sulfide,
So n-octadesolso sulfide: aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic phosphites and thiophosphites such as tri-n-dodecyl-phosphite, tris(n-nonylphenyl)phosphite F, tri-n-dodecyl - trithiophosphite, phenyl-n-decyl phosphite, n-octadecyl-intererythritol diphosphite, etc., and as antistatic agents, for example, quaternary ammonium salts, amine compounds, imidacillins, amine oxidation Examples include ethylene adducts, polyethylene glycols, sorbitan esters, and the like. As a filler, glue, talc, calcium carbonate, etc. can be used, and as a coloring agent, for example, titanium oxide, phthalocyanine blue, quinacridone red, etc. can be used.

The agricultural covering material of the present invention is characterized by adding cuprous oxide (Cu20) powder to a soft vinyl chloride resin composition having the composition as described above. Vinyl chloride resin-13- At least 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 part by weight,
The point is that it is blended in an amount of at least 1.5 parts by weight, more preferably at least 1.5 parts by weight. The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 31-6854 suggests that copper oxides or salts can be contained in vinyl chloride resin, but it only specifically discloses carbonated steel. Copper oxides such as copper carbonate (CuCO,) f, oxidized steel (CtO), chlorides (CuC1, CuC11), copper sulfate (CuSO4), copper stearate, etc. Although salts have the effect of increasing the heat retention ability of soft vinyl chloride resin films containing these oxides or salts, although there are differences in degree, the weather resistance and thermal stability of the film (
They have almost no effect on improving processability and productivity, and on the contrary, some promote thermal deterioration. However, in the present invention, the use of cuprous oxide, which has not been known in the past as a compounding agent for increasing heat retention ability, is quite unexpected, as it can only improve heat retention ability. First, the static and dynamic thermal stability of soft vinyl chloride resin blended with cuprous oxide was significantly improved.
It has been discovered that the processing and productivity of the film can be improved far more than in the past, and that the weather resistance of the resulting film, particularly its resistance to crosspiece deterioration, is also significantly improved.

Based on this knowledge, it is desirable that the suboxide steel fine powder blended into the soft vinyl chloride resin has a particle size as small as possible from the viewpoint of film transparency, and the average particle size is generally 40 μm or less, preferably about 40 μm. A range of 0.5 to about 25 microns is preferred.

The upper limit of the amount of cuprous oxide to be blended depends on the thickness of the molded film and the particle size of the cuprous oxide blended, but the average transmission of the molded film in the visible light region with a wavelength of 400 to TOOnn. The amount should be such that the ratio is at least 45%, preferably 55% or more, and more preferably 65% or more. Although the average transmittance in the visible light region is within the above range, it is generally appropriate that the average transmittance in the visible light region is 5 parts by weight or less, preferably 3 parts by weight or less per 100 electrical resistance welded parts of the vinyl chloride resin. Therefore, the preferred range of the amount of suboxide steel is 1.2 to 5.0 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 3.0 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin.

Here, the "average transmittance" is calculated by recording and measuring the spectral curve between the wavelengths of the sample using a 330-type self-recording spectrophotometer (newly manufactured by Hitachi), and then measuring the same using a zero-compensation planimeter (manufactured by F-Las Co., Ltd.). This value is calculated by finding the area A of the light transmitting portion between the wavelengths and the total area B between the same wavelengths, and then formulating [A/B×100].

The presentation material for personnel use of the present invention is prepared by mixing the basic ingredients of the above-mentioned water-quality vinyl chloride resin and fine cuprous oxide powder using a roll type, bumper IJ-iQ, henoshell type nano mixer or extruder. The mixture can be produced by thoroughly mixing or mixing the mixture, followed by molding it into a film according to a conventional molding method such as a calendar method, a T-die method, or an inflation method. The thickness of the film at that time is generally 50~2
00 microns, preferably within the range of 50 to 150 microns. The thus formed film may be subjected to normal surface treatments such as dustproofing, if necessary.

As is clear from the examples below, the agricultural covering material of the present invention described above not only has excellent heat retention ability, but also has
It has excellent weather resistance, especially resistance to crosspiece deterioration, and thermal stability, and is suitable for facility cultivation, especially forced cultivation or For use inside or outside the greenhouse for energy-saving cultivation.
Alternatively, it can be widely used for tunnel coating or mulching. In particular, a coating material containing a relatively large amount of cuprous oxide fine powder and having a low average transmittance in the visible light range may be used as a house lining, and may be coated only at night and early in the morning, and removed during the day.

Furthermore, the coating material for rock industry of the present invention has the advantage that mold does not grow due to the strong fungicidal effect of cuprous oxide.

Although the present invention has been mainly explained as an agricultural covering material,
Improvement in the thermal stability of soft vinyl chloride resin by blending cuprous oxide fine powder is not limited to agricultural coating materials; the technology of the present invention can also be widely applied to general thermoforming of soft vinyl chloride resin. can.

-18- Next, the present invention will be further explained by examples.

Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 Basic formulation: Dioctyl phthalate 42 [Trichredulphosphate 4] Functional phosphate ester [Kyodo Yakuhin ■ LON nonylphenyl phosphite series] Zinc stearate 1.01 Stearic acid Barium 0.2〃Sorbitan monozolmitate 1.5# Nyl salicylate system〕 Each component of the above basic formulation was further blended with the copper compound powder shown in Table 1 below, and 17
After kneading for 5 minutes at a temperature of 0° C., a film with a thickness of 50 microns was obtained.

The thus obtained film was tested for heat resistance and heat retention performance using the following method.

+11 Roll heat resistance The film obtained above was kneaded again at a temperature of 170 to 180°C using two 8-inch rolls, and the plate-out and slipperiness on the roll surface were visually observed until a change occurred. Measure the time.

(2) Open heat resistance (blackening time) The film obtained above is kept in a gear oven at 180°C, and the blackening time is determined by dispersing the sample every 15 minutes.

(3) Heat retention performance 10 crn thickness with opening of 20 crn x 20 crn
A box surrounded by expanded polystyrene is placed in a constant temperature and humidity room kept at a constant temperature, the opening is sealed with the film obtained above, and power is supplied to the heating element set inside the box through a stabilized power source. Measure the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the film when supplied.

The measurement results are summarized in Table 1 below.

-21- Reference Example 1 (1) Weather Resistance Test The films obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to a sunshine-type tensile tester, and after 200 hours and 400 hours, the film samples were subjected to a Schottno 7-type tensile tester. It is pulled at a speed of 20 crn/min and the residual elongation is determined from the measured elongation. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 (2) Screw resistance (deterioration test) The films obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were tested on an iron plate (30 crn x 5
0 cm) and placed outdoors for 6 months (from September to March of the following year).
), and then the tensile elongation retention is determined in the same manner as above for fi+.

The results are shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3 Example 4 In place of 1.0 parts by weight of zinc stearate and 0.2 parts by weight of barium stearate in the basic formulations of Examples 1 to 3, 3 parts by weight of cuprous oxide (average particle size 10μ) was added. Each of the components of the basic formulation used above (the copper compound powder shown in Table 1 was not added) (il- A total film of 50 microns in thickness was obtained by processing in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 above. .

This film has roll heat resistance of 80 minutes, oven heat resistance (blackening time) of 210 minutes or more, and moisture retention performance of 17.2℃.
I failed. This result shows that cuprous oxide has an action as a heat stabilizer for vinyl chloride resin.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a wavelength-specific light transmittance curve of the films obtained in Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1, and Figure 2 is an infrared absorption spectrum diagram of the films obtained in Examples 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1. be. -25-

Claims (1)

[Claims] Contains at least 1 part by weight of cuprous oxide fine powder per 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride side fat, and has a wavelength of 400~'TOO
An agricultural covering material made of a soft vinyl chloride resin, characterized in that the average transmittance in the visible light region of nm is at least 45 nm.