JPS58200837A - Gear type speed change gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To comparatively freely set a changeover timing of a synchromesh device of each transmission system and to improve a controlability, by dividing a transmission system of a speed change gear into two systems and controlling connection and disconnection of a clutch and a one-way clutch of each transmission system. CONSTITUTION:The first transmission system out of transmissin systems of a rotational power to an output shaft 4 is constituted such that first, reverse, and side driving gears 10-12 are fitted on a first input shaft 2 being connectable to a driving shaft 1 through a clutch 31 or 32 including a one-way clutch 33. Meanwhile, the second transmission system is formed in a like manner such that second and fourth driving gears 18 and 19 are fitted on a second input shaft 3 being connectable to the driving shaft 1 through a clutch 34 or 35 including a one-way clutch 36. Said gears 10, 12 and 18, 19 are normally engaged with driven gears 13, 15 and 20, 21 rotatably supported to the output shaft 4. Further, synchromesh devices 17 and 22 are located between gears 13 and 15, and 20 and 21, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a gear-type low-speed gear which is used in vehicles such as automatic cars and which can automatically achieve, for example, four variable speeds of return.

In recent years, the torque transmission system, which has been undergoing a lot of trouble, has been developed using two systems, each consisting of a combination of Kubutch equipment: # and a synchromesh device, a! There is a type that can automatically reverse the number of gears by dividing the thread into threads and controlling the number of threads (for example, British Patent Publication GB 2064 ()).
However, this clutch device has variations in its characteristics, and when hydraulic pressure is used to control switching of the clutch device and synchromesh device, oil viscosity and control #* There are variations in the orifice. Therefore, in order to achieve automatic speed, due to the various variations mentioned above, it is necessary to take into account the control so as not to have any influence on the prefecture.

In addition, if the arrangement of the clutch device in each transmission system described in section h is not sufficiently considered,
Securing space becomes a regression, and this problem (space-related in the case of 1' K F R cars)
Easy to occur.

This invention is an automatic f! The purpose of this invention is to provide a ceramic type transmission that is easy to control speed and is advantageous in terms of mounting space.

The purpose of this boat is to be able to control the two-thread clutch device K in a single, firm manner, and the power is distributed in series to this clutch so that it becomes locked when the engine is driven. Structured by one-wake twist
,,Shito・41 This can be achieved by placing all these 7 launches of the Ryobutsuun system on the engine side of the transmission, for example.

Below is the birch of this invention! Embodiment 1'C, which is shown in the drawings, will now be described.

It shows the outline of the t@Sada transmission for automobiles and also shows the 1st section 1 to 1?
Yes, actually! T! Inside the machine case (not shown): A hollow chopstick 1 input shaft 2 and a second input shaft 5 inserted into the grip are cut out so that they can rotate relative to each other. ). Both of these input shafts 2.3 are the f-speed Iso engine 111 (left side of Pile 1 diagram!fill).
*Driver 7 on the engine side through 30
Rank shaft) 10 rotational force is transmitted.
It's happening. In addition, the output shaft 4 rotatably pivoted at a position 1a parallel to both input shafts 2 and 3 above rotates together with the shaft 4, and is connected to the ring gear 6 of the differential device 7. It has a drive gear 5 that is always engaged with the differential gear, and can mutually transmit rotational force to the left and right axle shafts 8 through this differential gear.

In the transmission of this embodiment, the transmission system for transmitting the rotational force to the output shaft 4 uses the first input shaft 2 as the input shaft and the first and third (renovation) as well. The transmission system is divided into a first transmission system that achieves the 9th gear of σ), and a second transmission system that achieves the second and force gears using the second input shaft 5 as the input shaft. .

-H Kote, first of all, to explain the first transmission system -if, note that @1 input V Yaft 2 is the Kufutsch equipment
Rotation can be transmitted to the drive shaft 1 through the main clutch 31 of the first transmission thread 30 and the combination four-link link 32 in parallel with the shaft 1t. -t, this main clutch 31v is provided with a one-way clutch 65 in one row. The main clutch 61 and the combination clutch 62 are connected to the device 6 along the same rotational axis, and have two friction discs and a metal disc that receive pressing force from a hydraulic piston. A well-known wet multi-disc clutch is used,
By pressing the discs against each other by hydraulically controlling the piston, the clutch can be brought into contact with the clutch. In addition, the above-mentioned two clutches 31 and 32 can be replaced by wet type single plate clutches, dry type clutches, or ↓ size conical clutches. The letter ``r'' is also common to the main clutch 34 and the combination Chiron clutch 35 of the Ri-2 transmission system, which will be described later.

That is what can be said.

h fd The first input shaft 20 is equipped with 7 earth dove gears 1 in order from the left to the right in Figure 1.
0. The reverse drive gear 11 and the third drive gear 12 are arranged so as to rotate together with the shaft 2. Among these 7L gears, each of the forward drive gears 10 and 12 is always at a predetermined gear ratio with respect to each driven gear 13.15 that is freely rotatably supported on the axis of the primary output shaft 4. There is a chewing table. The shaft of the output shaft 4 between these two driven gears 13. A device 17 is provided.
ing. Well, let's put this first story on the thread, # No. 1
4d h Note $/Nkromesh, Device 17) 1 Reverse driven gear shaped using the outer periphery of the bushing 17b, 16 indicates a reverse eyed gear.

Next, the second transmission system will be explained. The second impact shaft 3 is connected to the clutch device 130 by a) the main clutch 34 of the second transmission system and the combination V! Drive shaft 1 through I-ink edge 35
and rotation can be transmitted. Also, main cliff 34VC
In addition to this, a one-wake +7, chi, )6 of one electric train is provided. And this second input shaft 60
VC is arranged on the shaft so that a second double gear 18 and a force drive gear 19 can rotate together with the shaft 6, respectively. Each of these drive gears 1
8゜19 is In1J1's output shaft 40-
It is always engaged at a predetermined gear ratio with the protruding driven gears 2 [1, 21] which are supported so as to rotate freely at E. Also, both driven gears 211゜2
On the axis of the output shaft 4 between the two
2 is provided.

In addition, one-way clutch 3 for the above 4 threads.
3.36 is 1 when the clutch device 130 has the decoy 1c in the engine drive #! It is only locked in, and it has become a lie.

The gear type transmission 1 has 4 main clutches 31, 34, combination clutch 32, 35, one-way clutch clutch 536, and each V clutch device 7.220. From this control number, four forward gears and fflfil gear shifts are achieved as shown in the following table.

In the table above, 0 indicates connection or engagement, and indicates connection only when the engine is braked, and 7△ indicates locking when the engine is driving.

Here, the speed change operation of the needle will be specifically explained by taking as an example the first speed that is achieved in the first transmission speed of the speed change gear and the second speed that is achieved in the second transmission speed.

4.J, which changes the gear from neutral to first, as shown in Figure 1, is the synchronized mesh 11 of the first transmission.
The hub sleeve 17b at 7V is shifted to the first driven gear 13, and then oil pressure is supplied to the main clutch 31 to connect it. As a result, drive shaft 1
Is the rotational force of by bending the one-way clutch 66? A1 input shaft 2V is transmitted, this shaft 2 and the rotation of the first drive gear 10 are synchronized from the first driven gear 13! It is transmitted through the hub sleeve 17b and hub 17& of Mi*17 to the out J° throat/yaft 4V. After this, supply hydraulic pressure to the combination foot 32 and connect fL.
-r,, drive shaft 1 to folding 1 input shaft 2
Rotation transmission to main clutch 1 (including one-way clutch 33) +? It is divided into two parts, combination and clutch. Moreover, the connection of the combination seam clutch 32 enables engine braking in heavy-duty coasting where the one-way clutch 35 does not work.

Finally, I will explain the upshift mechanism pc to achieve T4 gears from first to second) and shift the hub sleeve 22b of the second transmission system synchronizer @22 from the neutral position shown in the diagram to the second driven gear 20. . This bond starts connecting the hydraulic pressure to the main clutch 34 of the second transmission line, which is currently in the open state, and also connects the first gear, which is currently in the connected state. , ip), the hydraulic pressure of the main clutch 31 and the combination clutch 32 of the first transmission thread is discharged and the opening thereof is started. As a result, the second den X4!
The thread one-way clutch 36 is the main clutch 3 of E.
As 4 is connected, it becomes an engine drive-like track (lock-like ■), while Eclipse 3 is connected to the first transmission system.
3, as the main clutch 31 is released, the rotational force of the outer race becomes lower than the rotational force of the inner race, resulting in an unlocked state. As a result, the rotation of the drive shaft 1 is caused by the rotation of the second transmission thread main clutch 34 → one-way clutch '56 → second input shaft 3 → second drive gear 18 → second driven gear 20 →
The output shaft 4V is transmitted through the V output shaft injection system 22, thereby achieving the second gear position. And the first Denpen system synchromesh bag a 17
If you get stuck, finish shifting the second gear and keep it dusty. Move the right hub sleeve 17b to the neutral position. Also, after this, connect the combination clutch 35 of the VC second transmission system. As in the first case described above, the torque transmission from the drive shaft 1 to the second input shaft 3 is divided between the main clutch clutch 34 (including the one-way clutch 36) and the combination sink clutch 35. , or this combination attack clutch 35 contact HP
Due to the VC, the engine brake becomes Off during heavy coasting when the one-way clutch 36 is not effective.

Next, we will explain the downshift operation to achieve shift P from second to first.
4% Zincromefushi X%fi17 hub sleeve 17
Shift b from its neutral position to the first driven gear 13 side. After this, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the main clutch 51 of the first transmission system, which is currently in the open state, and the connection is started. Start opening both watches 34 and 55 of the transmission system. As a result of this, the one-way clutch 56 of the second transmission thread can be seated once the main clutch 34 is released, and the outer race lf! The rotational force becomes lower than the rotational force of the inner race and the lock is released.

Even if the main clutch 51 is connected, the one-way clutch 33 of the first transmission line remains unlocked until the engine drive state is obtained. Therefore, when downshifting during power-off with the pressure on the accelerator pedal relaxed, the engine brake can be applied by connecting the first transmission system's first transmission system's four hinges 52 as shown above. . Also, on the other hand, press the accelerator pedal A.

When the power is shifted down, the first one-way clutch 33 synchronizes with a five-way clutch.

In this way, the first change I according to the first transmission ai system.
@ After the stage is q, the second transmission thread ZincromefushijWi
Push the hub sleeve 22b to the neutral position at t22.

In addition, the third gear is the same as the first except that the hub sleeve 17b of the synchronized mesh kl+117 in the first transmission gear (C) is shifted to the third driven gear 159111, and the S gear of the force is also , is the same as the second transmission system except that the hub sleeve 22b of the synchronized mesh device W22 of the second transmission system is located on the side of the force driven gear 21.
For example, when performing a downshift operation from force to third, when changing the hub sleeve 22b in the synchronized mesh device f22 of the S42 transmission system from the force side to neutral, ζ is shifted directly to the second side, and 1!2 is reached. By keeping the main clutch 34 of the system connected, preparations can be made for the next operation from third to second.

That is, even if #i is violated in advance in this way, when the heavy vehicle is in the third running state in the first transmission system, the one-way clutch 36 of the ff% 2 transmission system is a non-engine double transmission system, so the lock gj+, First, there is no problem in transmitting torque through the first transmission system. Then, when powering off and downshifting to 2nd gear, the gear position can be quickly achieved by simply releasing the tampering horns 51 and 62 of the 1st tIX thread.

In addition, each of the main clutches 31, 34 . Combi $-
V, clutch 32.35 and synchronized V, *l
1lf17.22's operating side number, vehicle speed, throttle opening, etc. are entered, and the gear stage rumored to be based on the driving condition is preset.
In the shifting pattern: N&, the command from the computer is determined based on ilC, oil (air).
Chills because it is automatically controlled through an actuator. Therefore, all of the variable speed turret operations mentioned above are automatically controlled.

In this embodiment, each clutch filter 1 of the first transmission system,
37,3. "l and each clutch 34 of the second transmission system,
Since both filters 5 and 56 are arranged on the coaxial line on the engine side, the axial direction of the transmission (horizontal direction in Fig. 1)
The size of the clutch shaft is shortened, making it possible to make it more compact.In addition, locating the clutch shuttle and D in one place simplifies the piping required for hydraulic control, etc. It can be changed.

@2 In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the drive shaft 1 is connected to the Kufufuchi equipment +
The converter 40 is a well-known #l construction, and the reference numeral 41 is an impeller.
42rl: stator, 43 rat turbine, 44 I
CfCf is clutching. This torque converter 4
By using 0, the 1-inclination can be smoothly transmitted from the drive shaft 1 to the input shaft 2.3 through the clutch device 30 when the car starts at 4 o'clock. Other configurations and functions are the same as those shown in Figure 1, so
The explanation will be omitted.

As described above, this invention divides the transmission system of the transmission into the first transmission system A and the second transmission system, and the clutches of these transmission threads and the one-way clutch jv:! The switching timing of the synchromesh device of each transmission system can be relatively freely set by connecting and opening switching, and the control is easy, making it ideal for automatic transmissions. , In this invention, any piece in the axial direction of the input shaft or output shaft of both transmission systems, the pick hook of both transmission systems, and the one-way clutch 2 Henhata Iso (because the ac!ill was collectively ac!ill, the axial dimension of ff1m becomes a co-A bact, making it easy to secure in-vehicle space.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are skeleton diagrams showing each embodiment of a gear type transmission. 2.3...Input shaft 4...Output V shaft 17.22-...Synchromesh device 30-...Kutsubuchi device 1, M4...Clutch 33.36...One-way clutch

Claims (1)

[Claims] The torque transmission system between the input shaft and the output shaft is divided into a first transmission system and a second transmission system, each consisting of a combination of a clutch device and a synchromesh device. Once installed on the machine, these Ryoden 4 series clutches can be connected and disconnected individually, and the latches and
A one-way clutch arranged in series with this clutch is configured with a one-way clutch that is locked only when the engine is driven. Power) An I@car transmission characterized by being installed all at once on one side.