JPS5819978B2 - tensile test equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tensile testing device, and more particularly to a device for tensile testing sheets or films made of polymeric materials such as thermoplastic resins, fibers, and rubber. It is.

In general, among the various tests performed to determine the mechanical properties of materials, the tensile test is the most widely used.

Tensile tests of polymeric materials are conducted at various temperature ranges, including room temperature, low temperature, and high temperature, and tensile test apparatuses suitable for each temperature range have been proposed.

In order to conduct tensile tests at low or high temperatures, the clamp section that holds the sample is placed in a constant temperature bath where the temperature can be adjusted.

However, when a tensile test of the material is actually performed at a high temperature in a thermostatic oven, the amount of deformation becomes large, and a large thermostatic oven must be installed.

In addition, the sample holding clamps of conventional tensile test equipment are parallel plate or model type, and if both ends of the sample are held with the holding clamps at the same time under high temperature, the sample will sag due to thermal expansion and the amount of stretching will be small. The problem is that stress cannot be measured in this area.

In such a case, only one end of the sample is first held with a holding clamp, and when the sample reaches the measurement temperature, the other side of the sample is held.

However, with conventional parallel plate or model clamps, it is necessary to open the door of the thermostatic chamber to operate them, and during this operation, it is unavoidable that the temperature of the thermostatic chamber decreases, and the sample is then heated to the measurement temperature again. There is a need to.

Furthermore, if you want to determine the amount of strain that can be recovered from the sample, open the door of the constant temperature chamber after stretching, remove one of the holding clamps holding the sample from the sample, and if the temperature of the sample drops, After raising the temperature to the measurement temperature again, the amount of shrinkage of the sample is measured to determine the amount of recovery strain of the sample.

However, this method has the disadvantage that stress relaxation is ignored, resulting in a value that is far from the true recovery strain.

Recently, a roll clamp (ro
A tensile testing device equipped with a tional clamp has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-47068
No. J. Meissner, Rheol.

See Acta, Nasal, 78 (1969).

). This device does not provide any specific explanation regarding the sample clamping mechanism of the roll clamp.

In view of this situation, the inventors of the present invention have completed the present invention as a result of intensive studies aimed at providing a tensile test device that does not require an increase in device size and allows for easy attachment and detachment of samples. be.

The gist of the present invention is to provide a load detection device, a sample fixing-side clamp connected to the load detection device, and a sample-pulling roll clamp consisting of a pair of rolls provided opposite to the fixing-side clamp. In a tensile test device, a pair of roll clamps has one roll as a fixed roll and the other as a moving roll, the fixed roll is provided with a fixed roll drive shaft along its axis, and the moving roll is provided with a fixed roll drive shaft along its axis. a roll drive shaft moving along the center, parallel to the universal joint and said fixed roll drive shaft;
and interlocking drive shafts are provided in order to interlock with these, and a movable roll guide shaft is provided above or below the movable roll in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll,
A pneumatic cylinder mechanism for driving the moving rolls apart is connected to the moving roll and perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll, and the moving roll can be separated while keeping its axis parallel to the axis of the fixed roll. A tensile testing device characterized by:

Hereinafter, the tensile test device according to the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an example of a tensile test device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the section ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure shows a longitudinal sectional side view of the I-IN section in FIG. 2.

In the figure, 1 is a load detection device, 2 is a sample fixing side clamp, 3 is a sample, 4 is a fixed roll, 5 is a moving roll, 6 is a fixed roll drive shaft, 7 and 7' are rotary bearings, and 8 and 8' are respectively The brackets of rotation bearings 7, 7' are shown.

9 is a moving roll drive shaft, 10 is a taper pin, 11 is a universal joint, 12 is a pin, 13 is an interlocking drive shaft,
14, 15 are gears, 16° and 16' are rotation bearings of the moving roll drive shaft 9 and the interlocking drive shaft 13, respectively; 17,
Reference numeral 17' indicates a slide bracket for each rotation bearing 16, 16'.

18 is a guide shaft of the moving roll drive shaft 9; 19 is a moving shaft of the moving roll drive shaft 9; 20 is a special bearing for the moving shaft 19; 21
2 is a bracket for the bearing 20, 22 is a connecting rod, 23 is an air cylinder, 24 is a base plate, 25 is a column, 26 is a constant temperature chamber, 27 is a door, 28 is a sample tray, 29 is a sample cylinder, 3
0 indicates a sample tip.

The tensile test device according to the present invention includes a load detection device and a sample fixing side clamp 2 connected to the load detection device,
Furthermore, a pair of rolls 4 are mounted opposite the fixed clamp 2.
, 5 is equipped with a sample tension roll clamp.

As shown in FIG. 1, the load detection device 1 is supported by a support stand on one side, and is provided with a sample fixing side clamp 2 on the other side.

The sample fixing side clamp 2 can be of a conventionally known structure such as a model, a parallel plate type, or an eccentric roll type.

The tension device according to the present invention has a structure in which one end of the sample 3 is fixed with a sample fixing clamp 2, the other end is fixed with a pair of roll clamps, and the rolls 4 and 5 are rotated in opposite directions to pull the sample. It is being done.

One roll is called a fixed roll, which can rotate freely but cannot make any other movements.

The fixed roll 4 is attached to a fixed roll drive shaft 6, and is attached to the base plate 2 by rotary bearings 7, 7' and brackets 8, 8'.
It is attached to 4.

The other roll can not only rotate, but also press the sample 3 against the fixed roll 4 or move away from the sample 3.

The moving roll 5 has a moving roll drive shaft 9 along its axis.
The moving roll drive shaft 9 is attached to a rotary bearing 16.

At one end of the moving roll drive shaft 9, a taper pin 10,
A universal G-3 India 11 is provided and is incorporated into the slide bracket 17 together with rotation bearings 16,16.

The other end of the universal joint 11 is connected to a pin 12 and an interlocking drive shaft 13, and the interlocking drive shaft 13 is assembled into a bracket 17' together with a rotary bearing 16' so that it can rotate freely.

The fixed roll drive shaft 6 and the interlocking drive shaft 13 are arranged parallel to each other and are configured to rotate simultaneously by gears 14 and 15.

That is, when the fixed roll drive shaft 6 is rotated by some means, the gear 14 rotates, this rotation is transmitted to the interlocking drive shaft 13 by the gear 15, and as a result, the fixed roll 4 and the movable roll 5 are rotated simultaneously. It is structured so that it can be done.

The moving roll 5 can be moved away from the moving roll 5 while keeping its axial center parallel to the axial center of the fixed roll 4.

For this purpose, a moving roll guide shaft 18 is provided above or below the moving roll 5 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll, and connected to the moving roll 5 and extending in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll 5. A compressed air cylinder mechanism for driving the moving rolls 5 apart is provided.

In this case, when the movable roll guide shaft 18 is provided below the movable roll 5, it is not necessary to provide it directly below it, but as shown in FIG. 3, it is provided below the slide bracket 17 of the movable roll drive shaft 9. It is preferable that the movable roll drive shaft 9 and the rotary receiver 16 in the slide bracket 17 are moved together.

As shown in FIG. 2, the separation drive compressed air cylinder mechanism includes a moving shaft 19 connected to a slide bracket 17 of a moving roll drive shaft 9, a connecting rod 22, and an air cylinder 2.
3, the moving shaft 19 is preferably supported by a bearing 20 attached to a base plate 24 and protected by a bracket 21.

When compressed air is supplied to the air cylinder 23, the piston inside the cylinder is moved to the right in FIG.
The slide bracket 17 is reached.

As a result, the slide bracket 1 of the moving roll drive shaft 9
7 moves toward the fixed roll drive shaft 6 along the movable roll guide shaft 18, and the movable roll 5 is pressed against the fixed roll 4 side.

When the supply of compressed air to the air cylinder 23 is stopped or the pressure is reduced, the piston in the cylinder is stopped from moving on the right side or, conversely, can be moved to the left.

In this manner, by adjusting the air pressure of the air cylinder 23, the movable roll 5 can be pressed toward or released from the fixed roll 4 side.

The air pressure in the air cylinder 23 is adjusted via a solenoid valve, and a circuit may be constructed so that the solenoid valves can be operated independently either manually or automatically.

Although the tensile test device according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structural features, it is possible to install the sample fixing side clamp 2 and the sample tension roll clamp in a thermostatic chamber as shown in FIG. can.

When a tensile test is performed under high temperature, the amount of deformation of the sample is generally large, but the sample tray 28 can be installed under the roll clamp to receive the sample, and if necessary, a hole can be made in the sample tray 28. It is also possible to provide a sample tube 29 through which the sample can pass through the adiabatic wall of the thermostatic chamber, and to provide a sample tip 30 below the sample tube 29 to receive the sample.

The tensile test device according to the present invention has the following advantages, and its industrial utility value is extremely high.

(1) The tensile test device according to the present invention can arbitrarily change the force for clamping the sample by adjusting the air pressure of the air cylinder, so even if the sample is stretched and its thickness is reduced, the pressure is always constant. The specimen can be clamped with.

(2) In the tensile test device according to the present invention, one of the pair of rolls that pulls the sample is a fixed roll and the other is a moving roll, and the moving roll is connected to a moving roll drive shaft, a universal joint, and an interlocking drive shaft. Since the movable roll 5 is made drivable, operations for pressing and releasing the movable roll 5 against the fixed roll 4 side and driving of the movable roll 5 can be performed smoothly.

(3) If the tensile test device according to the present invention employs a mechanism that clamps the sample using a combination of an air cylinder and a solenoid valve, it is possible to quickly and easily attach and detach the sample by simply turning on and off an electric switch. It is.

(4) According to the tensile test device according to the present invention, even when performing a high-temperature tensile test, the sample can be clamped and unclamped without opening the door of the thermostatic chamber. A variety of highly accurate data can be obtained through tensile testing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an example of a tensile test device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the section ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional side view taken along the line II in FIG. 2. In the figure, 1 is a load detection device, 2 is a sample fixing side clamp, 3 is a sample, 4 is a fixed roll, 5 is a moving roll, 6 is a fixed roll drive shaft, 9 is a moving roll drive shaft, 10 is a taper pin, 11 is a Universal joint, 12 is pin,
13 is an interlocking drive shaft, 14.15 is a gear, 18 is a guide shaft of the moving roll drive shaft 9, 19 is a moving shaft of the moving roll drive shaft 9, 22 is a connecting rod, 23 is an air cylinder, 24 is a base plate, 26 indicates a constant temperature bath.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a tensile testing device that has a load detection device, a sample fixing side clamp connected to this load detection device, and a sample tensioning roll clamp consisting of a pair of rolls provided opposite to this fixing side clamp, a pair of One roll of the roll clamp is a fixed roll, and the other is a movable roll, the fixed roll is provided with a fixed roll drive shaft along its axis, and the movable roll is provided with a movable roll drive shaft along its axis. , a universal joint and an interlocking drive shaft that is parallel to and interlocks with the fixed roll drive shaft are provided in order, and are moved above the movable roll in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll. It is equipped with a roll guide shaft, and a pneumatic cylinder mechanism connected to the moving roll and driving the moving roll apart in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roll, and the moving roll has its axis parallel to the axis of the fixed roll. A tensile testing device characterized by being able to separate while maintaining the same.