JPS58198188A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a motor which has extremely high power efficiency by supplying bidirectional currents to a brushless motor coil, and maintaining by a switching type voltage converter the operating voltage of a drive transistor at the prescribed small value within an active range. CONSTITUTION:The first feedback loop is composed of a current controller 48, a selector 53, drive transistors 3-5, and a resistor 47, the second feedback loop is composed of a detection comparator 71, a selector 80, drive transistors 13- 15, and coils 6-8, and the third feedback loop is composed of an operation detection controller 18, a voltage converter 17 and drive transistors 3-5. When the loops are equilibrated, the voltage drop of the resistor 47 becomes the value corresponding to a command signal 23, the transistors 3-5 and 13-15 supply the currents corresponding to the signal 23 to the coil selected by the detector 11 (the first and second loops), the operating voltages of the transistors 13-15 become the prescribed small values within the active range corresponding to the voltage signal V2 and the operating voltages of the transistors 3-5 becomes the prescribed small values within the active range corresponding to a voltage signal V3 (the second and third loops).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic commutator type electric motor, and particularly to one that efficiently utilizes electric power supplied from a power source. .

Conventionally, in an electronic commutator type motor, a voltage reduction control is performed using a transistor or the like from a DC power source with a constant output voltage, and a drive voltage corresponding to the speed of the motor is supplied, for example.

Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of a conventional electronic commutator type motor. In Figure 1, (1) is a DC power supply, (2) is a current controller, (3) (4) (5) is a drive transistor, (6)
(7) (8) is an 8-phase coil, and (9) is a field magnet attached to the rotor. The energization controller (2) switches the drive transistor to be energized according to the rotation of the magnet (9), and supplies a voltage corresponding to the rotational speed to the coils (6), (7), and (8).

Therefore, the DC 11It source (1) D voltage is the same as that of the drive transistor (3) (4) (5) and the coil (a) (7) (
8). As a result, the power supplied by the DC power supply (1) is the sum of the effective power consumption in the coil and the collector loss of the drive transistor.

In a normal electric motor, the collector loss of the drive transistor is quite large, and the ratio of effective power consumption to the power supplied by the power supply (power efficiency) is small, on the order of 10% to 80%. In particular, electric motors with a wide speed variable range, such as multi-speed switching, and motors with a wide variable drive force range, such as winding motors, are significantly less efficient when operating at low speeds and low driving forces. Ta.

In addition, in the configuration shown in Figure 1, the coils (6) (7)
(8) Because current only flows in one direction, the coil utilization rate was low and the motor efficiency was even lower.

Taking these points into consideration, the present invention provides a power-efficient electronic system that uses a switching type voltage conversion means that can supply current to the coil in both directions and extract a variable output DC voltage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a commutator type electric motor, and in particular, the present invention is suitable for variable speed electric devices, variable driving force electric equipment, etc. The aim is to obtain a highly efficient electric motor.

That is, the present invention includes a position detecting means for detecting the position of a movable part of the motor, a plurality of phase coils, a group of Ill drive transistors for supplying current to the coils, and the above-mentioned 111 in response to the output of the position detecting means. a first distribution control means for distributing and controlling energization of the drive transistor group, a drive transistor group @2 inserted in series in a current path formed by the coil and the drive transistor 111, and an output of the position detection means; a second distribution control means for distributing and controlling energization of the second group of drive transistors in response to the second drive transistor group; a DC power supply serving as a power supply source; The f42 distribution control means includes a switching voltage conversion means for obtaining a variable output DC voltage from a power supply, and an operation detection control means for controlling the output voltage of the voltage conversion means, and the f42 distribution control means controls the voltage of the second driving transistor. The operation detection control means detects an operating voltage when energized and controls the energizing current of the second transistor according to the detection signal, and the operation detection control means detects an operating voltage when at least one of the first drive transistors is energized. The present invention is characterized in that the operating voltage is detected and the output voltage of the voltage conversion means is controlled in accordance with the detected signal, thereby achieving the intended purpose.

The present investigation will be explained below based on the implementation side numbers shown in the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 2, (1) is a DC power supply, (3) (4) (5
) is the driving transistor of 's1, (6) (7) (8
) is an 8-phase coil, (9) is a field magnet, and the part Q surrounded by a broken line is a Hall element annum- that senses the magnetic flux of the magnet (9).
9) A position detector that detects the rotational position of (motor movable part), (6) distributes and controls the energization of the first drive transistors (3), (4), and (6) in response to the output of the position detector Q9. @1 distribution controller, (LiO2 (b) is the coil (6
) (7) (8) and the first drive transistor (3)
(4) and (6) are connected in series to the current path (each input terminal is connected to the power supply side, and each output terminal is connected to each output terminal of the first drive transistor (3) (4) (S). The second drive transistor (connected) (to) connects the Wi2 drive transistor (to
2) #I2 distribution controller that distributes and controls the energization of 04 (to), αη is from DC power supply (1) to coil (a)' (7)
(a) inserted in series in the current path to the DC power supply (1)
A switching voltage converter that obtains a variable output DC voltage from the Sakaki is the first drive transistor (3) (4)
This is an operation detection controller that detects the operating voltage of (M) when it is energized and controls the output voltage of voltage converter Q4 J,j based on the detection signal.

In addition, (2)) is a DC voltage source, (2) is a command signal, -
is a current converter that outputs a current iI corresponding to the command signal I, and (to) is a similar current generator that generates a current fg i8.14 in response to the output current i1 of the current converter.

Next, its operation will be explained. The command signal () is input to the current converter (c), is compared with the voltage value of the voltage source (), and is converted into a current +1 according to the difference between the two. The command signal () is obtained by a well-known speed detection means and speed voltage conversion means, and changes its value in accordance with the rotational speed of the magnet (9).

Figure 98 shows a specific example of the configuration of the current converter.

The command side @(E) and voltage source) are differential transistors (11
1) and the base of (112), and the current value of the constant current source (115) is distributed to each collector side according to the voltage difference. The collector current of the transistor (111) is inverted by a current mirror of transistors (116) and (117), compared with the collector current of the transistor (112), and output (current mirror) via the transistor (118). included).

The output jl of the current converter is input to a similar current generator. Similar current generator o Yu is transistor @ member (b) g
The current mirror consists of a first current mirror consisting of a resistor (to) (2) (to) and a second current mirror consisting of a diode (to), a transistor (to), and a resistor OI@, and a current converter ( The current 12 is converted into a sleep signal V1 by the diode 1 resistor of the first distribution controller. [The current!, is converted into a voltage signal V2 by the diode 6υ (branch) and the resistor of the second distribution controller Qtj, and the current i4 is converted into the voltage signal V2 by the resistor and the diode Nawate of the operation detection controller (2). The voltages V, , V2, and V8 change in response to the command signal 0 (they change in conjunction with each other).First, we will explain the normal rotation drive operation.Here, assuming that VM is constant, Think about it.The first distribution controller (to) is COF!15)
(7) A current detection resistor (rotor ), a current controller which receives the voltage signal V1 in response to the resistor's voltage H and the command signal (e), and obtains an output current in response to both of them, and a first transistor r111@. It is composed of a selector and a selector.

Figure jI4 shows a specific example of the configuration of the current controller.

Input the voltage signal 1 to the base side of the transistor (121), input the voltage drop signal of the resistor to the emitter side,
A collector current responsive to the difference between the two is obtained, the current is inverted by the current mirror of the transistor (122) 02a), and is output, and is supplied to the first selector.

The emitters of the transistors 1511- of the first selector <- are commonly connected, and the output voltage of the Hall element h+)#a of the position detector 01> is applied to the base side. The Hall element 90 senses the magnetic flux of the magnet (9) and generates an analog voltage signal according to its rotational position. Transistor t4! In ml@, the common emitter current is distributed to each collector current according to the difference in their base voltages, and the collector current of the transistor with the lowest base voltage is the largest, and the collector currents of the other transistors are zero. Each collector current of the transistor is the first
The current becomes the base current of each drive transistor (3) (4) <5), and the current is amplified and flows into the coil (6) (7) (
a).

The current supplied to the coils (a), (y), and (Ii) (the current flowing through the drive transistors (a), (4, and 6)) is detected as a voltage drop across the resistor, and is input to the current controller. . As a result, an Ill feedback loop (fit flow feedback loop) is configured by the current controller-9 first selector-9 first drive transistors (a) (4) (6) and the resistor (b), and the coil (a) (7) Ensure the supply current to f8) by voltage signal v1 (therefore, command signal @)
The current value corresponds to As a result, the influence of hfE variations in the first drive transistors (a) (4) (5) is significantly reduced. In addition, the output voltage of the four Hall elements changes with the rotation of the magnet (9), and the first drive transistor (three (5)) is energized so that current is supplied to the corresponding coil. Control and switch.

Note that the capacitor is provided for phase compensation of the feedback loop mentioned above. Also, coil (6) (7) (h
The series circuit of the capacitor arm in- and the resistor -@-, which are connected in parallel, reduces the spike voltage caused by switching the energization path.

The distribution controller α peak of wi2 is connected to the second drive transistor (
2) (b) A detector/comparator for detecting the operating voltage (absolute value of the collector-emitter voltage VCH) when energized (to), and a second transistor consisting of transistor 17a (14j (to)).
It is composed of a selector.

Output of similar current generator Q! 8 is input to the detection/comparison aVυ, and a reference voltage of a predetermined voltage value (d No. 8
occurs. Voltage signal V! Vl * Vz both change in response to the command signal @), and the current supplied to the coil (s) (7) (8) (i.e., the first drive transistor (3) (4)
(6) When the energizing current) is large, the signal v2 is increased,
The signal V2 is made small when the supplied current is small.

Each base side of the detection transistor @1 is connected to the reference potential (signal VtO point) as an input terminal via a resistor connected DC (directly or via a resistor, diode, etc.) to the second drive transistor ( )(2) is connected to each output terminal of (2). As a result, the second drive transistor (2
The operating voltage of the transistor in the energized state of ) (b) and ) is compared with the 1 quasi-voltage signal ■2, and if the operating voltage value is smaller than the signal ■2 by the forward voltage VD between the emitter and pace, a corresponding response occurs. The detection transistor becomes conductive and outputs a current to the collector side.

FIG. 6 shows the current path when the drive transistor (4) is activated. The current path is a voltage converter (b)
Output VM → second drive transistor (b) - ÷ coils (6) and (7) → first drive transistor (4) →
Resistor → e becomes the power source and the second drive transistor (6) is in the energized state.
Operating voltage MCI of other drive transistors (b) (g)
voltage VGE. Then, the detection double sister compares the voltage VOR of the second drive transistor D3 (b) with the reference voltage signal v2, and outputs a collector current according to the difference. In Figure 185, the operating voltage of the second drive transistor Sakaki is on the voltage side @
When the base-emitter forward voltage VD becomes smaller than v2, the detection transistor becomes active and outputs a collector current. The output currents of each detection transistor 8]1- are combined (collector sides are commonly connected), converted into a voltage by a copper diode and a resistor ωυ, and applied to the base of the transistor (to). Further, a predetermined voltage range is applied to the base of the transistor @ by a resistor and a diode. Depending on the base voltage difference of the transistor @steel, the current value of the constant current source is distributed to the collector current of the transistor @-, and the collector current of the transistor increases when the output current of the detection transistor 671 m- is small and decreases when it is large. Become. Therefore, the second
A current corresponding to the operating voltage of the drive transistor is output (current sucked) from the transistor of the detection/comparator συ,
A second selector is supplied. Its supply current is the second!
! It increases when the operating voltage of the excitation transistor is large, and decreases when it is small.

Transistor g14 of the selector of jI2 (to)
have their emitters commonly connected, the output of the Hall element -m- of the position detector (b) is applied to each base terminal, and the common emitter current is distributed to the collector side according to the base voltage. Each collector current of transistor (2) i741 (to) is the second drive transistor Qi 44 Ql (/r
Each base current is used to switch and control energization to the coils (6), (7), and (8).

Therefore, the detector/comparator (2), the selector for mackerel 2 (/apparatus), the second drive transistor QI0405 m coil (6)
(7) A feedback loop of 1112 is configured by (8), and the operating voltage VcIi of the transistor in the energized state of the drive transistor Q3 (B) (To) of @2 is made to match a predetermined small voltage value within the active region. Il
A current equal to the energizing current (corresponding to the command signal (2)) of the drive transistors (a) (4) and (6) of l is the second drive transistor,
The current also flows through the active transistor (2) Maso, and the coil (a) (
7), (1) are stably supplied with bidirectional current (current whose direction changes as the magnet (9) rotates in the U direction).

To explain this, when the conduction current of the second drive transistor becomes transiently smaller than the conduction current of the drive transistor @1, the load effect of the coil causes the first
The operating voltage of the drive transistor decreases and the operating voltage of the second drive transistor increases 1, this increase in the operating voltage is detected by the detector and comparator (2) and is increased via the second selector -. The pace current, and therefore the collector current, of the drive transistor of gi2 is increased, so that a current equal to the current (collector current) of the first drive transistor is output from the second drive transistor. Also, the second
The operating voltage of the drive transistor is a small value within the active region corresponding to the reference voltage ■2 (approximately equal to v, l - VD)
is stably controlled. Note that the capacitor is provided for phase compensation (to prevent oscillation) of the second feedback loop.

In this way, the first feedback loop and the second feedback loop command (
3) is stably supplied to the coils (6), (7), and (8) as the magnet (9) rotates.
The current paths are switched sequentially, supplying current in both directions.

Next, a method of controlling the output voltage (2) using the operation detection control S (to) and the voltage converter (Qf) will be explained. The output i4 of the similar current generator o1 is input to the operation detection controller (to), and is connected to the common connection terminal (a) (4) (5) of the first drive transistor (a) (4) (5) by the resistor and diode Fi [Ebll.
A reference voltage signal vII of a predetermined voltage value is generated from the emitter side). The voltage signal V changes in response to the voltage signal v1, and both Vl and V change in response to the command signal 4).
The signal V8 is increased when the supply current to the coil (a) (y) (a) (i.e., the conduction current of the first and second drive transistors) is large, and the signal V is decreased when the supply current is small. are doing. Each emitter side of the detection transistor 641-1 is connected to the reference potential point (signal ■8) as an input terminal.
point)), and each base side serves as a detection terminal and is connected to the first drive transistor (3) (4) (
5) are connected to each output terminal.

As a result, the first drive transistor (3) (4) (
5) Energization The operating voltage (absolute value of the collector-emitter voltage drop) of the transistor in the state is compared with the reference voltage signal v8, and the operating voltage value is higher than the emitter-base forward voltage VD than the signal v8. When it becomes smaller,
The corresponding detection transistor becomes conductive and outputs a current to the collector side.

For example, as shown in Fig. 6, the drive transistor (2) and (
When the first drive transistor (4) is in an active state, the operating voltage of the first drive transistor (4) is lower than the voltage of the other drive transistors (3) and (5). The detection transistor #34Jil#- is the first drive transistor (
3) Compare the operating voltages in (4) and (6) with the reference voltage signal ■8, and in Fig. 6, the first drive transistor (
When the operating voltage 4) becomes smaller than the voltage signal 8 by VD, the detection transistor becomes active and outputs a collector current. The output currents of each detection transistor are combined (collector sides are commonly connected), inverted and amplified by a current mirror consisting of a diode, a transistor, and a resistor @4, and then supplied to a voltage converter (b). Therefore,
First drive transistor during normal operation (3) (4) (5
) can obtain an output current according to the operating voltage.

The voltage converter (b) connects the positive terminal (V) of the DC power supply (1).

= 20V) to the coil (.) (7) A switching transistor (101) that constitutes a semiconductor switching element for power supply control inserted in series in the power supply path from (11) to the coil (. (1
08), a switching controller that controls on/off of the switching transistor (101), a flywheel diode (106), an inductance element (106), and a capacitor (107). The switching controller includes, for example, a triangular wave generator that generates a triangular wave voltage signal 601, and an operation detection controller (
Various well-known configurations, such as a comparator that converts the output of 2) into a voltage signal and then compares it with the triangular wave signal, can be used to obtain a duty pulse signal corresponding to the output signal of the operation detection controller (to) and eliminate mistakes. Itching transistor (10
1) On/off control. The output voltage V of the voltage converter Q changes in relation to the on time and off time (substantial on time ratio) of the switching transistor (1011). ”s Vs, DC current 5(1)
supplies current to the load side through the inductance element (106). When the switching transistor (101) is turned off, the flywheel diode (105) is turned on and supplies the energy stored in the inductance element (106) to the load side. As a result, the output voltage Vkl of the voltage converter α has a value corresponding to the duty (on time ratio) of the on time of the transistor (101).

The output current of the operation detection controller (to) is input to the voltage converter (b), and when the current value increases, the on-time ratio of the switching transistor (101) is increased to increase the output voltage V.
When M is increased and the current value is decreased, the on-time ratio is decreased and the output voltage VM is decreased.

Therefore, the operation detection controller (to), the voltage converter (to), and the first drive transistor (3) (4) (II) constitute an eighth feedback loop, and the above-mentioned first drive transistor (3) ) (4) Detect the operating voltage during energization in (5), and adjust the output voltage vit of the voltage converter Ql so that the operating voltage becomes a predetermined value (approximately about v, VD) corresponding to the reference voltage signal v8. It's in control. To explain this, the lIl drive transistor (3) (4)
(5) When the operating voltage decreases, the operation detection controller (to)
As the output current of @1 increases, the on-time ratio of the switching transistor (101) is increased by the operation of the switching control 1lI-, and the output voltage of the voltage converter (b) is increased. Increase the operating voltage.

The same applies to the reverse case.

Next, the overall operation of the 1.1112th and 8th feedback loops will be explained. Assuming that the feedback loop is now in equilibrium, the voltage drop across the resistor (b) will be a value corresponding to the command signal -, and the first drive transistor (a) (
4) (6) and second drive transistor (to) 0◆
(to) supplies a current corresponding to the command signal to the coil selected by the position detector (b) (to the first and second coils).
second drive transistor (2) Q4 (
The operating voltage of the transistor in the energized state of (b) is voltage 48@
Vt (and therefore the command signal @) becomes a predetermined small value in the active region (feedback loop of C@2), the driving transistor of $1 (3) (4) (1$) of the transistor in the energized state. The operating voltage becomes a predetermined small value in the active region corresponding to the voltage signal 8 (therefore, the command signal @) lζ (eighth feedback loop). That is, DC power supply (1)
The voltage 8 is applied to each part of the circuit as shown in FIG.

Let us consider a case where the command side @- decreases by a minute amount from such a state.

■ A decrease in the command signal) increases the output II of the current converter and the output current of the similar current generator Ql.

1, , Increase the value of i4, the voltage signal V, , V!
, V.

Make it bigger.

■ When the voltage signal v1 increases, the base current, and therefore the collector current, of the first drive transistors (3), (4), and (6) in the energized state increases, and the current corresponding to the command signal (to) is passed. (first feedback loop). Therefore, its operating voltage becomes smaller (the conduction current of the first drive transistor becomes transiently larger than the conduction current of the second drive transistor).

■ A decrease in the operating voltage of the first drive transistor causes an increase in the operating voltage of the second drive transistor, the increase in the operating voltage is greater than the increase in the voltage signal v2 &<(the increase in V2 is determined by 18 ), 11!2 distribution controller (b) detection/comparator! The voltage applied between the base and emitter of the detection transistor 71) becomes smaller, reducing the output current of the detection transistor and increasing the output current (collector current of the transistor) of the detection/comparator (711). The base current of the transistor in the conducting state of drive transistor 01 (IIH, and therefore its collector current) increases (second feedback loop), and the conducting current of the driving transistor @2 becomes #!1. The operating current of the second drive transistor becomes equal to the current flowing through the second drive transistor and becomes stable.The operating voltage of the second drive transistor is a predetermined value corresponding to the voltage signal v2.

(4,l The operation of the first and second feedback loops determines the current supplied to the coil (6J (7) (a) and also determines the voltage drop. Therefore, the operation of the first drive transistor when energized The voltage is from the output voltage V of the voltage converter Q7J to the coil (6) (7) (8) and the resistance (goods).
This is the remaining amount after subtracting the voltage drop of and the operating voltage of the second drive transistor, and decreases as the conducting current increases. This decrease in the operating voltage of the drive transistor (17) and the increase in the voltage signal v8 is detected by the operation detection controller (to), increases its output current, and increases the switching transistor (of the voltage converter a). 101) to increase its output voltage vM (eighth feedback loop). As a result, the operating voltage of the first C') drive transistor is 4 positive values V.

The output voltage VM is generated to have a predetermined value corresponding to the output voltage VM, and becomes stable (the whole becomes stable).

Even when the command signal - changes significantly, it similarly settles into a stable state (the above-mentioned minute changes may be considered to occur continuously).

悄1 The electric motor of this embodiment has greatly improved efficiency in the following points.

(1) In order to pass current in both directions through the coil, the coil (
2) The operating voltage of the drive transistor of jll and the second drive transistor is a predetermined small value within the active region, and the collector loss thereof is small (due to the operation of the feedback loop of ii12 and the eighth feedback loop).

(3) Since a switching type voltage converter is used, the loss associated with voltage conversion is extremely small.In addition, the -9 supply current to the coil reliably corresponds to the command signal by the 1st U) fill return loop. The value becomes +
Variations in the operating voltage of the first drive transistor when energized and the operating voltage of the second disturbance transistor when energized are reduced, making detection thereof easier and more stable.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the input terminal side is DC-connected (directly or via a resistor, diode, etc.) to the potential point of the reference voltage signal v2 or v8, and the detection terminal side is DC-connected to the drive transistor (3). (4) (5) or 0Jo4(
Since the first drive transistor (3) (4)(
5) or second drive transistor (to) (b) (2)
The element required to detect the operating voltage is a transistor.

It requires only a diode and a resistor, and can be integrated on a single silicon chip.

As a result, when the circuit portion of the electric motor shown in FIG. 2 is constructed from a monolithic integrated circuit, the number of external parts is reduced and manufacturing is facilitated. In addition, the detection characteristics and correlation have small variations, and the current required for detection can be small. Furthermore, PNP transistors with lateral structure are used for detection, transistors, and starters.
The collector-to-collector withstand voltage can be increased, improving reliability.

In addition, in this embodiment, the reference voltage signal V2 is compared with the operating voltage of the second drive transistor (3), (4), and (5) or the operating voltage of the first drive transistor (3), (4), and (5) is compared. The reference voltage signal v8 is changed in response to the command signal, and the voltage V2. V, when the supply current is small, the voltage V2. V, is made small. As a result, the output voltage of the voltage converter S (b) and the current flowing through the second transistor are adjusted so that the operating voltage of the drive transistor is reliably a small voltage value within the active region, regardless of the magnitude of the current flowing through it. controlled. Such characteristics are important, especially when saturation of the drive transistor is taken into consideration.

In this regard, the first drive transistor (3) (4)
The operation voltage control (eighth feedback loop) in (5) will be explained as an example. Generally, the saturation voltage of a transistor increases in proportion to the conducting current (collector current), and conversely, the active region becomes narrower (see FIG. 7).

Now, let us consider the case where the voltage signal v3 is constant (the voltage across the resistors 1, 2 and 1 is constant). If the first drive transistor is in a saturated state and operates to increase the current flowing through it, the operating voltage (in this case, the saturation voltage) increases as the current flowing therein increases. Therefore, the difference between the reference voltage signal v8 and the operating voltage becomes smaller, the output current of the detection transistor becomes smaller, and the output voltage vM of the voltage converter αη becomes smaller. As a result, even though there is still plenty of room in the output range of voltage conversion mv).

Because the output current of the motion detection controller (G) is small, the voltage becomes stable at a small value (malfunction of the feedback loop in @8).

On the other hand, if the voltage signal v8 is changed in response to the applied current as in this embodiment, the increase in the voltage signal V8 can be larger than the increase in the saturation voltage of the drive transistor due to the increase in the applied current. The detection transistor is sufficiently forward biased, the output current of the operation detection controller (to) becomes large, and the output voltage VM of the voltage converter (b) also increases to the maximum value of the output range. That is, regardless of the current supplied to the coil, as long as it is within the output response range of the voltage converter ah, the feedback loop of fR8 operates reliably. Furthermore, since the operating voltage of the drive transistor can be set low when the current supplied to the coil is small, the collector loss can be significantly reduced.

The above explanation is based on the disturbance transistor (Ll(
This also applies to the operation of the detector/comparator υ that detects the operating voltage of Ll, and it is desirable to change the voltage signal v2 in conjunction with the current supplied to the coil (that is, the current flowing through the second drive transistor).

However, the present invention is not limited to such a case, and one or both of the reference voltage signals v2 and V8 may be kept constant. FIG. 888 shows a circuit connection diagram representing another embodiment of the present invention in which the signals Vt and Vg f are constant. In this example, the current of the constant current source (201) is supplied to the resistor and the diode to keep va constant, and the constant current source (202)
) is supplied to the resistor − and diode bυ−, and v2
is held constant. In such a case, the second
and the reference voltage V2. to prevent malfunction of the eighth feedback loop. It is necessary to set V8 large. As a result, drive transistors (3) (4) (6) and (
The collector loss at (to) (b) to (b) is larger than that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

Furthermore, in the configuration of the operation detection controller (to) shown in the embodiment of FIG. 182 or FIG. is constant (zero) and does not change. Then, when the operating voltage becomes less than a predetermined value (V, -VD), the output current changes in response to the operating voltage. Figure 9 shows its characteristics. If such a characteristic is used, the first m
When the operating voltage of the fiJ transistor becomes smaller and becomes saturated, it outputs a wl current that is proportional to the difference between its excitation voltage EE (saturation range pressure) and the reference voltage v3, so the deeper the saturation, the higher the output. The current increases, and the response operation of the eighth feedback loop becomes stable and reliable. In addition, the motion detection controller Q1
9 has a narrow response range and is easy to configure. In addition,
When the operating voltage of the drive transistor of ml is sufficiently larger than V, -VD, the output current of the operation detection controller becomes constant (zero) transiently, but the eighth feedback loop The output voltage of the voltage converter decreases due to the operation of
The output current of the motion detection controller becomes stable in a region that responds to the operating voltage.

As in the above practical example, the first and second drive transistors supply current to the coil in both directions, and the switching voltage converter adjusts the dynamic voltage of the drive transistor to a predetermined small value within the active region. By configuring an electronic commutator type motor that maintains

Mountain coil button usage rate improves, efficiency improves.

(2) Extremely high power efficiency.

``3) The rated power of the g-dynamic transistor becomes smaller.

+4) I! g dynamic transistor and voltage f;:, the output at the converter, the current is 8□. ) (Switching noise associated with pressure change does not occur in the coil.

(6) Commutator (brush) noise does not occur.

(υ Shielding against noise is simple and only needs to be done at the voltage converter.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to rotary electric motors that rotate, but can also be applied to so-called linear wt electric motors in which the movable parts of the motor move linearly relative to each other. Regardless of the number ζ, any fixed magnetized field means can be used, for example, a magnetic pole structure that is excited by direct current can be used, and the number of coil phases is not limited to eight. , is optional.

Further, the operation detection control S (to) in the above-mentioned embodiment is configured to detect all the operating voltages when the drive transistor (I < 4) (5) of IIl is energized, but the present invention is applicable to such cases. However, the operating voltage of at least one drive transistor may be detected when the drive transistor is energized.

Further, the position detecting means is not limited to the magneto-electric transducer such as the Hall element shown in the above-mentioned embodiments, and various known methods such as a method using high frequency coupling can be used.

Also, drive transistors (3) (4) (6) (2)
For 04QI, not only bipolar transistors but also field effect transistors may be used, and the switching transistor (101) is not limited to 1S bipolar type, but also field effect transistors, thyristors, etc. Semiconductor elements can be used.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the output voltage of the voltage converter was lower than the DC power supply, but the present invention is not limited to such a case. It may also be supplied. Further, the configuration of the voltage converter is not limited to the above embodiment, and various methods and configurations such as an inverter type zero frequency modulation type chipper type, a pulse width modulation type chipper type etc. can be adopted. In addition, numerous modifications can be made based on the gist of the present invention.

As is clear from the above description, the electric motor of the present invention has the advantage of significantly improved power efficiency.

Therefore, if an electronic commutator type motor for use in audio/visual equipment, for example, is configured based on the present invention, it will be possible to create a power-saving device with extremely low power consumption.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional electric motor, Figure 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 is a specific configuration of an electric wire converter, and Figure 4 is a current control diagram. Figure 5 is a diagram to explain the circuit operation of Figure 2, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the voltage distribution in each part of the circuit of Figure 2, and Figure 7 shows the operating area of the transistor. Diagram representing 1l
Figure IB is a circuit connection diagram representing another embodiment of the present invention, No. 9.
The figure is a diagram showing the detection characteristics of the motion detection controller. (1)・・・・・・DC power supply, (3) (4)
(5)・・・・・・1■ drive transistor, (6
) (7) tg) Coil, (9)
・・・・・・・・・Magnet, (b)・・・・・・
... Position detector, (6)... IIl distribution control 14, Qlα4 (g)... Second drive transistor, (to)... ...lI2 distribution controller, (b)... Voltage converter, (to)
......Motion detection controller, (to)...
・・・・Similar current generator, ■・・・・・・・Command signal, (c)・・・・・・・Current converter, 0υ−4 wheel m−・・・・・・・・Hall element)・・・・・・・
...Current controller, I...First selector, N
Iell171fll-......Detection transistor, συ......Detection/comparator, Riff.
......Second selector, -...
Switching controller, (101)...Switching transistor agent Yoshihiro Morimoto Figure 1/Figure 3. 5th 1shi, 4th figure 1@-nephew (-ε爾=chin

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Position detection means for detecting the position of the motor moving part;
a first distribution control that distributes and controls energization of the first drive transistor group in response to the output of the position detection means; a first drive transistor group that supplies current to the coil of a long phase; a second drive transistor inserted in series in a current path formed by the coil and the first drive transistor group, and distributes energization of the second drive transistor group in response to the output of the position detection means. a second distribution control means for controlling; a switching type voltage conversion means inserted in series in a current path from a DC power supply to the coil to obtain a variable output DC voltage from the DC power supply; the second distribution control means detects the operating voltage of the drive transistor Ii2 when it is energized, and adjusts the energization current of the second drive transistor according to the detection signal. control,
The operation detection control means detects the operating voltage of at least one of the first drive transistors when energized, and controls the output voltage of the voltage conversion means in accordance with the detection signal. Electric motor. 2. The first distribution control means detects the current supplied to the coil, and controls the at4tX flow of the first drive transistor to a value corresponding to command No. 01 based on the detection No. 46. The electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: