JPS58191272A - Production of animal wool like fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing animal hair-like fibers having a uniform and sharply tapered tip.

Various natural animal hairs are currently used as materials for wire rods, brush materials, brushes, etc.

However, there is a limit to the quantity of natural animal hair due to resource considerations.
Moreover, it cannot necessarily be said that it is cheap in terms of price. Therefore, various synthetic fibers and polyester fibers are being investigated as substitute materials for animal hair.

Conventionally, a method is known in which the tips of polyester fibers are immersed in alkaline water to thin the tips, thereby obtaining polyester fibers that have a texture and appearance similar to animal hair.

For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-4910, a polyester fine fabric is used as a pile, and the pile is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution from the tip of the pile to a certain length for a certain period of time, and then the pile direction is changed. A method is described in which the tip of the pile is thinned by immersing only the tip of the pile in an alkaline aqueous solution and treating it for a certain period of time. In this method, a step occurs at the boundary between the first JR immersed part and the second stage immersed part, and a gentle D/(- shape is not obtained.) In addition, the tip shape is trapezoidal.

Or, since it is semicircular, both the appearance and texture are inferior to animal hair.

On the other hand, in order to eliminate this drawback, the space between the fibers that can cause capillary action is l! One end of the polyester fiber bundle having 110 mm is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution, and the polyester fiber cord is decomposed by the alkaline aqueous solution rising in the fiber bundle by capillary action to form a tapered tip, and then immersed in the alkaline aqueous solution. A method has been proposed in which the tip of the tip is completely disassembled and removed (% Kosho 50-4).
Publication No. 0195). This method seems to yield a product with a sharp, uniformly tapered tip, and a product with a uniformly aligned tip without being treated with unevenness in the length direction of the fiber. However, when actually implemented,
It may not necessarily produce the expected effect. That is, when a fiber bundle is immersed in an alkaline aqueous solution, the delicate bundle spreads in the outer circumferential direction, and a larger amount of the alkaline aqueous solution penetrates into the center. Therefore, more fibers are decomposed at the center 1f of one bundle, and the fiber length increases. becomes short, and the fibers also decompose at the outermost periphery (easily causing the fiber length to become short).As a result, the tip surface of the fiber bundle becomes uneven, and the tips are not evenly aligned. If you try to remove it by decomposition, the processing time will be longer.9 Furthermore, it will be hydrolyzed and the 97 tsumers will float, which will adhere to the surface of the tapered end of the fiber, impairing the smoothness of the wrinkled end. Furthermore, there is also the disadvantage that it is relatively difficult to control the shape of the tip, such as the length of the tapered portion.

In order to eliminate this drawback, the present inventors first immersed the tips of the polyester fibers in a hydrolysis bath for a certain length, and then gradually pulled up the polyester fibers continuously or lowered the liquid level of the hydrolysis bath. A method of continuous gradual reduction was proposed.

However, in this method, there is a problem that a uniform tapered tip shape cannot be obtained unless the rate at which the polyester fiber is pulled up from the hydrolysis bath or the rate at which the liquid level in the hydrolysis bath decreases is strictly controlled. I understand. That is, the pulling speed of polyester fiber,
Alternatively, if the liquid level lowering rate is too low, the tip will not be gently tapered and will have an uneven shape, while if the rate is too high, the tip will become trapezoidal and will not become sharp.

In principle, it is easy to obtain animal hair-like fibers by immersing the tips of polyester fibers in a hydrolysis bath, but it is possible to obtain animal hair-like fibers by dipping the tips of polyester fibers in a hydrolysis bath. When used, the density of the fiber bundle becomes extremely high, resulting in extremely poor penetration of the hydrolyzate. Therefore, the fibers located in the center of the fiber bundle away from the tip end are heated and the thinning speed becomes extremely slow.

Therefore, it was not possible to obtain a uniform product, and it was also impossible to obtain a sufficient taper length, resulting in four problems in paper yield.

As a method to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, we have investigated various thinning conditions, such as hydrolyzing agent concentration, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time, and method of immersing the fiber bundle in a hydrolysis bath, but we have not been able to obtain satisfactory results. Ta. Therefore, many unresolved problems remain in mass production at an industrial level. Therefore, as a result of intensive study, the inventors of the present invention found that
It has been discovered that if the thinning treatment is carried out with the temperature distribution between the east and west sides being as narrow as possible, the difference in the thinning speed at the center of the fiber bundle can be eliminated, and the present invention has been achieved.

According to the present invention, the product obtained is extremely uniform, and even if a bundle of relatively thin fibers with a fiber diameter of 0.10 mm or less and a very high density is used, one basket of hair chains can be obtained. It has been found that it is possible to obtain sufficiently long animal hair-like fibers with a taper that is useful for applications such as the following, and that the yield and workability are also good.

In other words, the configuration of the present invention is as follows.

1 When the tips of the synthetic fibers are immersed in a hydrolysis bath to make them tapered, the synthetic fibers are collected into a bundle to form a fiber bundle, and the formula (1) t below #XX fiber bundle humidity temperature is satisfied. A method for producing animal hair-like fibers that involves preheating and then immersing in an aqueous solution containing a hydrolyzing agent.
) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail.

In the present invention, polyester fibers include ethylene glycol and trimethine/glycol.

It is a polycondensate of a glycol component such as 1,4-butanediol or tetramethylene glycol and a dicarboxylic acid component such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, malonic acid, or phosphoric acid. A fiber made of a polyester polymer copolymerized with another third component as part of a glycol component or a dicarboxylic acid component, or a blend of these polyester polymers and other polymers, which is an aqueous solution of a hydrolyzing agent. Contains all polyester fibers that can be hydrolyzed by
Polytetramethylene terephthalate fibers are most preferred in terms of their animal hair-like texture.

It is preferable to use the single filament fineness of the polyester fiber in the range of 20 to 200 de in order to obtain animal hair-like fiber. If the single yarn fineness is too small, it is difficult to obtain an animal hair-like texture;
Single yarn W1. If the degree is too large, it will be too direct and its uses will be limited.

Examples of hydrolyzing agents for polyester fibers include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, soda carbonate, and triethanolamine.

These hydrolyzing agents are used in the form of solutions, the concentration of which is %
It is not limited to, and is appropriately selected depending on the type of polyester fiber to be treated, fineness, desired degree of thinning, and treatment bath temperature. In particular, by heating a water solution containing a hydrolyzing agent,
When polyester fibers are processed, they dissolve.

This is preferable because the decomposition rate is increased and the processing time can be shortened. The temperature of the processing liquid usually used is 70'Q ~
The temperature is 130°C.

In addition, when using an alkali metal compound as a hydrolyzing agent, it is desirable to add a quaternary ammonium salt such as lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride or cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, as this will accelerate the hydrolysis of polyester fibers. .

The present invention performs tapering treatment while making the temperature of the fiber bundle as uniform as possible by preheating polyester fibers to a temperature above a certain temperature within the fiber bundle. The difference in the rate of hydrolysis between each part is made extremely small.

In other words, in the conventional method, the temperature difference (temperature distribution) from the center to the periphery of the fiber bundle is extremely large, and the temperature in the center of the fiber bundle in particular is difficult to maintain even when immersed in an aqueous hydrolyzing agent solution. The problem was that it was difficult. Therefore, the product obtained is non-uniform, especially when the fiber diameter is 0.1
In the case of relatively thin polyester fibers with a diameter of less than 0 tan, the fiber bundle has a high degree of stiffness and the permeability of the hydrolyzing agent aqueous solution into the fiber bundle is low, so it is difficult to obtain animal hair-like fineness with a sufficiently long taper length. Extremely difficult and rare.

Therefore, as a result of intensive study, the present inventors determined that the fiber east-west temperature before tapering treatment should be 50°C or higher, preferably Fi70°C.
It has been found that if the tapering treatment is performed after preheating as described above, the difference in tapering speed between the inner and outer layers within the fiber bundle becomes extremely small, so that animal hair-like fibers that are uniform and have a sufficiently long taper length can be obtained.

Here, the fiber-to-eastward temperature refers to the temperature at the center of the fiber bundle and from the tip.
) is the temperature at a position 20 meters away.

In other words, if the fiber east-west temperature is less than 50°C, even within the same fiber bundle, the fibers will become thinner at the tip near the hydrolysis bath and at the center of the fiber bundle away from the hydrolysis bath. There is a temperature difference of more than 30゛0 within the fiber bundle at the start of thinning, and regarding the east-west behavior within the #lk ring bundle before the start of thinning, the temperature at the tip near the hydrolysis bath is easily raised; The center of the fiber bundle away from the hydrolysis bath takes a much longer time to heat up than the tip of the fiber bundle. Therefore, the difference in the thinning speed between the fiber and the east direction becomes extremely large, and even if the thinning treatment conditions are variously changed, it is not possible to obtain a uniform animal hair-like fiber with a long taper length. On the other hand, if the fiber bundle temperature is increased to 50° C. or higher, preferably 70° C. or higher, and then the thinning treatment is performed, the above drawbacks can be overcome. That is, the reaction can be started in a state where the temperature difference between the tip of the fiber bundle near the hydrolysis bath and the center of the fiber bundle at a position away from the hydrolysis bath is small. Furthermore, the subsequent temperature rise at the tip of the fiber bundle located away from the hydrolysis bath is also relatively quick.

Therefore, the difference in thinning speed between each part within the fiber bundle becomes extremely small, and the resulting animal hair-like fibers are uniform and have a sufficiently long taper length.

This is a method of increasing the temperature inside the fiber bundle, but it is simple and effective to keep the fiber bundle above the liquid level of the hydrolysis bath and heat it with steam from the hydrolysis bath before the thinning treatment. Large enough. The degree of temperature increase can be set to desired conditions depending on the distance between the fiber bundle and the hydrolysis liquid surface or the time for holding it above the liquid surface. If we can hold a closed meeting, the effect will be even greater.

To measure the temperature of the ceramic and kneaded bundles, a temperature detection end was embedded in a predetermined position in the center of the fiber bundle, near the tip, and the temperature at that position was measured over time.

Another method is to preheat the fiber bundle and then immerse it in a hydrolysis bath to make it thin, but the fiber bundle can be made tapered using conventionally known methods such as decreasing the immersion length in the hydrolysis bath. By doing so, this objective meeting can be achieved.

Regarding the thickness and taper length of the clay, polyester fineness was measured using a Nippon Kogaku universal projector using a stove C2).
The measurement was performed under 00x magnification.

More specific details will be given below in Examples.

EXAMPLE Polytetramethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.0 was melt-spun and then drawn to obtain a single fiber having a single fiber fineness of 50 de. The bristle ridges were bundled to create a fiber bundle with a diameter of 45 cm and a length of 5 seconds (1 s*). This fiber bundle was processed using the apparatus shown in Figure @1.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a core device used in carrying out the present invention. Here, 1 is a treatment bath, 2Fi sonication treatment bath,
3ij tape for fixing the brewing fiber bundle, 4 is the fiber bundle, 5
is the wire that raises and lowers the fiber bundle, 6 is the motor, and 7#'
It's an i-roller.

The treatment I# solution contains 1% sodium hydroxide zslJ.
An aqueous solution at 07°C was used. In order to accelerate the reaction, the fiber bundle was pretreated with a 15% aqueous solution of lauryl trimethylammonium chloride, which is a quaternary antricium salt. Before immersing the fiber bundle in the treatment solution, place the fiber bundle 3 times above the treatment solution.
The sample was left standing at a position 12, preheated with the steam of the treatment liquid, and then immersed in the treatment liquid.

The standing time was 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 30 minutes.

I did a level of 5/40. Table I shows the temperature distribution within the fiber bundle at each level.

Table-1 (remarks) Fiber bundle temperature at location.

△T　”-’ro-’l’t.

In this manner, when the standing time is short, the temperature at the center of the fiber bundle is low and the temperature difference ΔT within the fiber bundle is also large.

Immediately after preheating, the above samples (1 & (1) to (5)) were immersed in a treatment bath for 6 casm and left for 35 minutes. The temperature inside the fiber bundle while immersed in the treatment bath is shown in Table 1.

Table - Regarding A (1) and (2) with short preheating times, the temperature rise in the center of the fine fibers facing east during hydrolysis is slow, and
There is also a large temperature difference with the tip.

On the other hand, for the fibers (3) and (4), the temperature rises extremely quickly at the center of the fiber facing east, and the temperature difference between it and the tip is extremely small.

The aforementioned O samples (1) to (5) were taken out from the t-treatment bath and washed with water to remove the 9 residues that had adhered to the IM-.

The delicate bundle was then tied, drained and re-immersed in the treatment bath for 30 minutes at a rate of 1.17111 per minute.
Pulled up continuously for minutes. The fiber bundle was taken out from the treatment bath, washed with water, and dried. The morphology of the resulting fines is shown in Table 1.

The morphology of the obtained animal hair-like fibers is defined as follows.

O taper form X: Taper length at the tip of the fiber bundle is smaller than 10 m*.

Δ: Taper length at the tip of the fiber bundle is 10 to 15 cm.

0: The taper length of the fibers at the center of the fiber bundle is greater than 15 mm.

O Tip form O: The tip is completely pointed and has a soft touch.

Δ: The tips are not completely sharpened to some extent, and have a rough and hard touch.

○Difference between the center and the outer periphery (O): The difference between the center and the outer periphery of the fiber bundle is extremely small in both the tapered form and the tip form.

Δ: The outer peripheral part of the rutted fiber bundle has a taper length of 15111 m or more, but the central part of the fiber bundle has a taper length of 10 to 1511 m.

Variation in O length ○: There is no unevenness at the tip of the fiber bundle.

There are some irregularities at the tip of the 611 bundle.

In this way, if the fiber bundle is preheated to a temperature of 50'o or more before thinning treatment, the tip of the fiber bundle will have a sharp taper and it will be possible to obtain animal hair-like ridges with excellent quality. did it.

Comparative Example A fiber bundle was immersed in a treatment bath for 35 m without preheating to perform a thinning treatment for 35 minutes. Table showing the temperature of the fiber east gate during dipping -■
Shown below.

Table V The 1st generation sample was subsequently treated in the same manner as in the example to obtain animal hair-like fibers. The morphology of the animal hair-like fibers obtained is shown in Table -■.

Table V Fiber bundles with sharp tapers cannot be produced without preheating the fiber bundles. Moreover, the quality of the animal hair-like fiber is also low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus used to carry out the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) When immersing the tip of the synthetic fiber in an aqueous hydrolyzing agent solution to make it tapered, the armpit synthetic fibers are bundled into a fiber bundle, and the temperature inside the fiber conduit satisfies the following (+) formula: 4111. A method for producing animal hair-like fibers, which comprises preheating and pulling, and then immersing in an aqueous solution of a hydrolyzing agent. TLshi50・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・(1)(2
) The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic fiber is a polyester fiber.