JPS58190886A - Ground excretion treating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing livestock, especially cow dung, into liquid fertilizer.

Conventionally, in order to process cow manure, a pit is installed underground and aeration is performed to convert it into liquid fertilizer. One day per ten animals! OKg of cow dung is discharged. And in Hokkaido, it is common to raise large numbers of cows.
If you raise 0 cows, 5 tons of manure will be generated per day. The excrement processing tank is selected from a tank of 00 to 100 tons. Therefore, the scale of the excreta treatment tank has to be expanded, and in Hokkaido, where land is relatively easy to use, an above-ground excrement treatment system using an above-ground tank is often used due to the price of the excrement treatment tank.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view schematically showing a conventional above-ground excrement treatment tank. / is a slurry tank installed on the ground.The bottom of the tank is made of concrete, and the surrounding wall is made of cylindrical iron plates, and cow excrement is stored inside. slurry tank l
A sub-pit λ with a much smaller capacity than the sub-pit λ is installed underground, and raw water from JK cow excrement is poured into the sub-pit. The sub-pitco is equipped with a spindle slurry pump 3, and the manure liquid sucked into the spindle slurry pump 3 is passed from the sub-pitco through a discharge pipe 6, and is sent to a slurry tank via a switching valve 7 via a liquid sending pipe t. and liquid fertilizer removal pipe. and the liquid supply port /- through the switching valve // on the top of the slurry tank l.
Drop excrement onto the surface. A liquid feeding pipe L which directly connects to the switching valve II opens laterally at the bottom of the slurry tank.

The bottom of the slurry tank 1 and the sub-pitco are connected by a liquid supply pipe /S, and the liquid supply pipe /& which opens into the sub-pitco is equipped with a gate valve /6 that can be operated from the ground.

A floating surface aeration device is placed above the surface of the liquid to be treated in the slurry tank.

In liquid fertilizer processing using such an above-ground slurry tank, aeration is performed using a surface aeration device/7, while subpit) 2
Add the raw water of manure, and if the liquid fertilizer has progressed and can be taken out, operate the spindle slurry pump 3 and make a sub-pitch)! The liquid inside is pumped up and transferred to a 1g slurry lorry from a liquid fertilizer take-out pipe via a switching valve. The liquid near the bottom of the slurry tank 1 is transported through the liquid supply pipe 1! It moves by gravity through the open gate valve 16 to the sub pit co, and from the sub pit co to the system slurry lorry.

The liquid is sent by the spindle slurry pump 3 through the sub-pit via the switching valve 7, through the liquid feeding pipe, and then to the liquid supply ports /, 2 via the switching valve l/, or via the liquid feeding pipe /f. Send to the bottom of slurry tank 1.

Either way, feces and urine end up in the slurry tank. Therefore, the action of the gate valve 6 is that when the gate valve 6 is closed, the liquid level in the slurry tank 1 rises, and when the gate valve 16 is opened, the liquid flows into the sub-pit tank 1j.

There, the spindle slurry pump 3 is operated), and the liquid circulates through the slurry tank 1 and the sub-pitco. The reason for doing this is that the slurry tank 1 is only surface aerated by the surface aeration device/7, so unless you drain the liquid from the bottom of the tank and return it to the aerated liquid level, the liquid at the bottom of the tank will disappear. This is because it is not processed at all.

This method aerates and agitates the surface of the liquid using a surface aeration device/7, etc., but the agitation force is weak and the agitation radius is small.Moreover, the agitation force does not reach the bottom of the tank, so it was installed in the sub-pit (J). It is necessary to make up for the shortage with pump 3. However, the force of the liquid spouted from the end of the liquid sending pipe lII only partially stirs the liquid flowing through the spout, and the stirring and aeration of the liquid other than the surface of the cypress are extremely weak. Moreover, during the severe winter, the surface aeration device 17 cannot produce sufficient stirring aeration, and the outside air (at least one
-30°C), the temperature is not suitable for fermentation of aerobic bacteria, and in the end, surface aeration does not play any role in biochemical treatment, and therefore the generation of fermentation heat is negligible. The liquid level inside the slurry tank 1 is then frozen by the outside air. Therefore, when applying liquid fertilizer to pastures in the first spring,
The manure used as fertilizer was not matured and could not be sprayed due to freezing, which hindered the operation of the above-ground type manure treatment system. Cattle manure that is suitable for manure treatment systems, provides fully matured manure when the manure liquid side is to be applied to pastures in the first spring, and is suitable for above-ground manure treatment systems without freezing of the slurry tank. The purpose of this project is to obtain an above-ground liquid fertilizer treatment device.

The present invention provides underwater aeration at the bottom of the above-ground slurry tank, which is equipped with an above-ground slurry tank and a sub-pit, a circulation device for the liquid to be treated between the sub-bit and the above-ground slurry tank, and a device for taking out liquefied cow human waste. This device is equipped with a defoaming device that keeps the foam on the surface of the liquid to be treated constant.

The underwater aeration system of the present invention is preferably equipped with an aeration system equipped with a non-obstructive submersible pump.

The underwater aeration device of the present invention is preferably arranged symmetrically within the horizontal plane of the bottom of the slurry tank so as to generate a vortex as a whole, and the defoamer is arranged between the peripheral wall of the slurry tank near the aeration device and the jet center of the aeration device. It was installed above the water surface between the two.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view. The above-ground slurry tank L and the underground sub-pitco are connected through a gate valve 16 to a liquid supply pipe /S that opens into the sub-pitco, so that the cow excrement in the sub-pit (J) flows freely down the chamber axis. It is sucked into the slurry pump 3 and discharged into the discharge pipe 6.

The chamber shaft slurry pump 3 can also be a submersible pump. Cow manure discharged from the discharge pipe 6 is sent to the slurry tank 1 through a liquid supply pipe g, and is branched from the discharge pipe 6 and connected to a liquid manure take-out pipe D via a stop valve /9. An aeration device 20 is provided at the bottom of the above-ground slurry tank 1.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the aeration device 20. The submersible motor pump installed at the bottom of the tank and shown as 21 has a motor λ at the top, a motor below it, and a lower bracket (2.2).
．． An intermediate casing λ is fixed to the intermediate casing 7, and a shaft sealing device (not shown) is provided on the intermediate casing 7, and a semi-open impeller t is attached to the main shaft S end through which the shaft sealing device is inserted. is fixed, the impeller 26 is housed in a pump casing body fixed to the intermediate casing body, and a suction port t is provided in the pump casing 27 with a space 2g in the front side of the open side of the impeller λt. is the provision. Legs 31 are integrally provided on the pump casing 7 to support the submersible motor pump 1 and to form a flow path in front of the suction loco. The space -t and its outer periphery serve as a vortex chamber, and the vortex chamber is connected to the three discharge ports. A pump configured in this manner is called a portex pump.

An ejector, generally designated by 33, has a nozzle 41 for ejecting liquid supplied from the submersible motor pump 2, which is sandwiched and fixed between the coupled pump casing 7 and air chamber 3.
Extending straight into this air chamber 3S is a nozzle. A diffuser 36 is fixed which recovers the velocity energy pressure of the liquid injected from /l.

The tip of the ejector 33 clamps and fixes the diffuser user 3t to a fixture 37 provided upright at the bottom of the slurry tank l. The air introduction pipe 3g into which gas, for example, the atmosphere, is introduced opens into the air chamber 3j mentioned above, and the limb tube extends upward and opens into the atmosphere, and a gate valve J9 is installed in the middle of the pipe to open the opening into the atmosphere. The section is equipped with a muffler.

When the motor is started, the main shaft 3 and therefore the impeller roller rotate, the planar shape projected on the page of FIG. A vortex A is generated centered on the extension of the main shaft C, and the liquid sucked in from the suction locode swirls in a spiral while heading from the volute chamber toward the three discharge ports.

The liquid flowing out through the outlet 3 is injected into the air chamber 3 through the nozzle 3'1 and comes into contact with the inner wall 361 of the tube in the straight section of the diffuser 36. As a result, the air in the air introduction pipe 3 is sucked in and comes into contact with the surface of the injected liquid, gradually narrowing the air passage qo, and the inner wall and liquid meet tangentially, and then the velocity energy is restored to pressure. and flows out from the diffuser 36. At this time, as a result of the action of the portex pump, the liquid flowing out through the discharge ports 3. The water flow is threaded as it rotates around the center of the three mouths. Therefore, 3 nozzles and 3 air chambers! As a result of the f1 diffuser 36 and the water flow being provided with a screw) to provide a gentle swirling flow, the liquid injected through the nozzle 3 comes into contact with the inner wall 361 of the straight pipe of the diffuser 36 while swirling, so that the air Since the contact area with the diffuser 36 is large, and the straight pipe part of the diffuser 36 also turns, the same effect as if the straight pipe part was made longer can be obtained.
The amount of air inhaled increases accordingly, and the inhaled air advances toward the center of the pipe, making the path for the bubbles to become finer longer. This produces bubbles.

According to this aeration device 10, the swirling flow of the pump passes through the nozzle and is maintained in the air chamber and the diffuser, so that the amount of air intake is significantly increased. Since it is a portex pump, solids can also be circulated through the slurry tank, and the aeration device allows the solids to be ejected together with the liquid, allowing the aeration to effectively affect the contents and composition of the liquid to be treated. A defoaming device λ is arranged on the upper part. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing details of the defoaming device λ. The base plate l1 is placed on the top of the beam si that is passed between the upper edges of the slurry tank/
The bearing protection case SO, which is in the form of an airtight container in which 3 is fixed with bolts 1III, is attached by bolts Nara) 4 (j. Bearing bracket) IA is fixed to the base plate t3 so that it is inside the bearing protection case jo. , the motor duct is fixed by bolts and nuts tIg.

Bearing f mounted on bearing bracket lI6? is bearing bracket 4! t1g, fixed bearing cover! r- is fixed so that it does not move in the axial direction, and the main shaft j is fixed by the bearing dove.
Stepped part to prevent 3 from moving in the axial direction! 3fL and 33b are brought into contact with the inner ring of the bearing 19 and supported. One end of the main shaft 53 is connected to the coupling S! via the key tp. One shaft joint piece j
The other shaft coupling piece of coupling j-j, tjtl, is fitted into the shaft end of the electric motor 17 via the key 6. The coupling 55 has coupling bolts 57 arranged on the circumference and drilled in the axial direction (details are not explained).
Good shaft joint piece! It connects ra and job so as to transmit rotational force.

For example, a semi-open impeller Air suitable for foam cutting is inserted into the lower end of the main shaft j3 via a key jq, and the shaft top bolt 6 is inserted.
/ through the bolt hole at the center of the impeller sr boss
3, and the boss of the impeller j is pressed against the stage 6.2 of the main shaft j3 and fixed.

The action of the defoamer 412 is that when the impeller is lower, the foam rises, but the impeller! The bubbles are liquefied and blown away by rr.

Therefore, bubbles are extinguished in a certain range, and bubbles remain from above the liquid level of the slurry tank to the impeller and tf7, but the bubbles do not rise any further.

In addition, in a defoaming device consisting of a motor and an impeller, the motor is provided with an opening that communicates with the outside air and an opening that communicates with the air chamber of the aeration device. forming an air passage inside or outside the frame;
When using a defoamer (Jitsugan-Sho! No. A-079417λ foam cutter), which is characterized by cooling the simulator by the suction action of the aeration device, the incoming air is Since it has the effect of warming and cooling the motor, the air introduced by the aeration device is heated, which is convenient for promoting fermentation.

When this defoamer is used, the aeration device 20 air introduction pipe 3g is connected to the defoamer IIλ.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the slurry tank, showing the aeration device, 2
0 and the arrangement of defoamer 4I. In this embodiment, the aeration device 〇 and the defoaming machine 〇 are each installed, but three or more sets may be installed. The number of will increase.

The aeration device -0 is arranged symmetrically near the peripheral wall of the slurry tank so that the jet centers 63 of the ejectors 33 are parallel to each other and facing in opposite directions. The defoamer 4t is arranged between the jet center 63 of the ejector 33 and the peripheral wall of the slurry tank near the jet center yVc. The beam j/ supporting the defoaming machine λ is arranged so as to pass above the aeration device -0. By arranging this beam j/ in this way, the aeration device 01 defoaming machine 4! It is convenient because the electrical wiring to λ and the support of the air introduction pipe 3g are carried out by one beam, and it also serves as a support member for the cargo handling equipment that lowers the aeration device to the tank bottom and pulls it up from the tank bottom. be.

The above-ground excrement processing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above operates the chamber shaft pump 3 to send the liquid containing raw cow excrement water in the sub-pitco to the slurry tank l through the discharge pipe 6 and the liquid sending pipe S. I can't stand it. Unless the slurry tank 1 becomes full, the raw water in the sub-pitco is transferred to the slurry tank 1. When the winter slurry tank / becomes full, the indoor shaft pump 3 is operated intermittently, and the gate valve 16 also opens and closes intermittently in accordance with the operation of the indoor shaft pump 3. As a result, the Sub Pit Co. The aerobic bacteria are agitated and the mixture of aerobic bacteria is promoted. Since the raw water content of cow manure in Subpitco is high, organic matter is supplied from Subpitco to the slurry tank.

The aeration device-〇 is operated in the slurry tank/inside. In this operation method, at the beginning of the liquefied fertilizer fermentation process, aerobic seed bacteria are cultivated without interruption, and operation is performed close to continuous operation for the purpose of increasing the number of aerobic bacteria at an early stage. Such continuous operation in the initial stage is also useful in aerating the highly viscous raw water (feces), reducing its viscosity, and creating convection currents in the slurry tank through effective stirring.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the decrease in the viscosity of the raw manure water in the slurry tank, in which the horizontal axis shows the number of operating days of the aeration device and the vertical axis shows the viscosity cp of the manure in the slurry tank. As shown by the viscosity #61, the initial 6 days were approximately 1 0 θc.
The excrement of about P drops rapidly at about 5 oap t, and after that there is little change. Therefore, in the early stages of liquid fertilizer production, continuous operation is performed to lower the viscosity, so that aerated air is sufficiently mixed into the manure, and aerobic bacteria have more opportunities to come into contact with the air.

If this operation continues, fermentation will progress and the temperature of the liquid will rise. At the same time, the viscosity decreases significantly, and the stirring flow effectively convects inside the slurry tank 1. The oxygen supplied by the ejector 7.7 is distributed throughout the bran in the slurry tank 1. . Then, when the liquid temperature rises to a certain extent, aerobic bacteria will become significantly activated.
Even when switching to intermittent operation, the liquid temperature rises close to that of continuous operation. (Because the amount of air supplied to the underwater aeration system is large) This is because in the above-mentioned underwater aeration system, the air supplied to the shezector 33 is already in continuous operation and is not formed into minute bubbles, which can be seen at the bottom of the tank. This is because the slurry is stirred from every corner of the slurry tank 1, resulting in a high efficiency of dissolution into the manure and retention of the slurry for a long period of time, which is suitable for the respiration of aerobic bacteria.

When the aeration device 20 is operated, the gas-liquid mixture flows as indicated by C in FIG. Therefore, the cow manure in the slurry tank 1 is supplied with the air necessary for aerobic fermentation from the bottom of the tank to the liquid surface. On the other hand, fresh organic matter from cow manure is supplied to the liquid surface of the cis slurry tank from the end of the liquid feed pipe G, gradually moves downward, and is sent from the bottom of the tank to the sub-pitco via the liquid feed pipe tsVC for circulation. When aeration is performed, bubbles are generated on the liquid surface. If left unattended, this foam will overflow over the top edge of the slurry tank/tank. Then, defoamer q2 is operated. The defoamer 4I, 2 may be operated intermittently as long as the foam does not rise.

On the other hand, the air and water ejected from the ejector 33 of the aeration device -0 spreads to the left and right from the jet center 63 of the ejector 33, as shown by the reference numerals in the plan view of FIG. And these flows 0.
D is rotated by a slow vortex with a large speed centered on the center of the slurry tank 1. 2 and 3 together with the arrow 0. As can be seen from D, the cow manure in the slurry tank L is thoroughly stirred and is supplied with air.

Therefore, the organic matter decomposition process by aerobic bacteria is carried out entirely on the cow excrement in the slurry tank, and there is little bias.

As is well known, bubbles form in the feces and urine above the liquid surface. Therefore, although a lot of foam is generated directly above the front surface of the ejector of the aeration device, the foam only bulges up in that area, and instead spreads on the liquid surface to form a foam layer.

Accordingly, in order to maintain the foam layer optimally through experiments, as already mentioned, a defoamer I1.2 was installed as shown in Fig. S. When the defoaming machine q is operated, the defoaming effect extends within the dashed two-dot line E in the figure. The bubbles that touch the impeller sg are liquefied,
The bubbles are blown away by the centrifugal force of the impeller SR, and as they fly, other bubbles are liquefied.

Therefore, if the defoamer 4 is operated in a state where the aeration device 20 is operated and bubbles are continuously generated, a concave foam surface centered on the defoamer dowel will be created. Therefore, since the defoaming device is disposed between the peripheral wall of the slurry tank 1 and the jet center 63 of the ejector 33, the foam does not overflow beyond the periphery of the slurry tank 1. Since the bubbles below the impeller sr do not disappear due to the nature of defoaming by the impeller sg, the surface of the manure liquid in the slurry tank l is reliably covered with bubbles and kept warm.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing experimental data using the above-ground excrement processing apparatus of the present invention. The horizontal axis shows the number of days, and the vertical axis shows the temperature and aeration amount.

The symbol t5 is a line indicating the temperature of the manure in the slurry tank 1, and this temperature was the same at any location at the depth of the liquid. That is, it is indirectly shown that the stirring is sufficient. Reference numeral 66 indicates aeration f''/hrs, and reference numeral 67 indicates a line indicating 8 temperatures of outside air.

When the slurry tank/is filled with cow manure, the aeration device-
〇 is operated continuously. Then, as already mentioned, when the viscosity of the internal manure decreases and the aeration becomes effective, the aeration system is operated intermittently. When the aeration device - 〇 is operated intermittently with 30 minutes of operation and 30 minutes of rest, the temperature of the liquid to be treated rises rapidly at first, and after reaching a turning point approximately 3 days after starting intermittent aeration, the rate of temperature rise decreases. do. The temperature reaches VO degree CVc in about 76 days after starting intermittent aeration. Even after 16 days after starting intermittent aeration, the temperature of the liquid to be treated continues to rise. During this time, although the outside temperature 67 has fluctuated, the temperature of the manure in the slurry tank 1 is hardly affected by daily temperature changes. It is known that the degree of spoilage of manure can be determined by the change in pH, and the manure in the first slurry tank has a pH of 7.4t1.
/ /PHJ' on the day and month, PHt on the 1.2λ day, 41
Met. Therefore, the temperature of the manure in the slurry tank mentioned above increases by about 4Io degrees Celsius, and the increase is only slight after that, which is lower than the temperature rise of 50 degrees Celsius in similar processing in warm regions, but this is due to heat radiation due to the outside temperature. Conceivable. However, judging from the fact that the pH has changed to 4, it becomes clear that the fruit is ripe. The amount of aeration decreases from about /& days onwards as the bacterial growth rate decreases.Thus, as ripening progresses, the gate valve 16 is opened and the chamber shaft slurry pump 3 is operated, and the stop valve / Open the liquid manure take-out pipe, transfer the liquid manure from the cows to the slurry lorry, and spread it. Since the device is installed, aeration is applied to all the liquid to be treated in the slurry tank, and all the liquid to be treated is uniformly stirred. Fermentation heat is generated uniformly in the liquid to be treated, and foam on the liquid surface can be kept to the maximum extent possible by a defoamer without overflowing to the outside of the tank, resulting in good heat retention. In addition, since the jets of multiple aerators are arranged so that they flow in opposite directions, the liquid in the slurry tank is well agitated, and there is no foam between the peripheral wall of the slurry tank near the aerator and the center of the aeration jets. It is convenient to leave bubbles on top of the liquid without overflowing the bubbles. Aeration equipment.

Since it is equipped with a portex pump, aeration air often mixes into the liquid to be treated, further emphasizing the above-mentioned effect.

In this way, the aeration device and defoamer installed at the bottom of the slurry tank promote ripening despite the low temperature of the outside air.
Highly effective manure liquid fertilizer can be obtained regardless of the season. Uniform aeration can also play a role in preventing pollution, such as preventing bad odors.

The aeration device described above is a portex pump aeration device equipped with a submersible motor pump, but it may be of any type as long as the ejector is submerged in the water and aeration is performed at the bottom of the slurry tank.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional above-ground excrement processing device, and the figures below are drawings related to embodiments of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, and Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an aeration device. , FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the defoamer, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the slurry tank, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the viscosity of the material to be treated in the slurry tank.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing changes in the internal temperature of the slurry tank according to the present invention. l...Slurry tank Co...Subbit 3...Chamber shaft slurry pump 6...Discharge pipe 7...Switching valve g...Liquid sending pipe 9.・・Liquid fertilizer removal pipe //@-switching valve /ko・・Liquid supply port ill,, is fist・Liquid feeding pipe 16・・・Gate valve
7g・Slurry lorry・Stop valve CO・・Aeration device・Submersible motor pump 2・・Motor −3・・Lower bracket CO+−
・Intermediate casing Coj・・Main shaft, 2A4・Impeller
, 27... Pump casing Coj... Space 29... Suction port 3/-- Legs 3... Discharge port 33... Ejector 341-- Nozzle 3S... Air chamber 36Φ... Diffuser 34+... Pipe wall 3 ...Fixing tool 3g...Air introduction pipe 3D...Gate valve Tito...Passage Dato...
Silencer Guco・・Foam suppressor 4I3・・Base plate ++−− bolt ys・e bolt nut lI6・・bearing bracket)
+7-・Electric motor yt・Bolt Nala+4'?・
・Bearing jθ・・Bearing ambiguity case j/・・Beam j−, 2
・・Bearing cover 33・・Main shaft jf3a,! 3b-・
Stepped part Sa...Key j-j...Coupling tra
! ftb--Shaft coupling piece jA--Key j7...Coupling pole) 11...Impeller (K3) 59...Key 61--Shaft top bolt 62/Round stage 6J
...Center of the jet AII...Viscosity curve 6j...Temperature!
A6: Aeration amount 67: Outside temperature. Patent Applicant Ebara Corporation Agent Parti Arai (Koda) 489 Special No. 11BH5B-190888 (8) Figure 4 Figure 5

Claims (1)

[Claims] l The above-ground slurry tank is equipped with a sub-pit and a sub-pit (sub-pit) that communicate with the above-ground slurry tank via a gravity feed pipe via a siggate valve, and the liquid is sent from the above-ground slurry pump to the above-ground slurry tank. An above-ground manure treatment device that is equipped with liquid piping and liquid manure extraction piping to a slurry lorry, and is equipped with an underwater aeration device at the bottom of the above-ground slurry tank and a defoamer at the top of the above-ground slurry tank.