JPS58189925A - Arc breaking machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of invention] The present invention relates to an arc fast breaker.

[Prior art]

British Special Fraud Application No. 7939949 (Public Notice No. 2044538
The arc fast breaker disclosed in No. A) utilizes a switch in which the arc generated between the separated contacts is transferred from the fixed electrode to the annular arc electrode coaxial with the arc drive coil through which the arc current flows. The arc is driven around the electrode by the magnetic field generated as a result of the arc current flowing through the arc drive coil, and eventually the arc is extinguished.

The arc is generated from a movable contact, which ideally must be precisely centered relative to the electrodes in the fully open break position. However, the behavior of the arc after it has been moved is greatly influenced by the relative position between the contact and the electrode. If the position of the contact point is eccentric, the motion of the arc will become unstable, making arc extinguishing inefficient and resulting in burning of the surface on which the arc is generated.O A theory related to arc rotation that helps extinguish the arc was published in September 1973. The 2nd Switching Conference was held at Lods in Borland between the 25th and 27th of the same month.
Arc Materials Symposium, Part 1 (Post @omf
@r*nc@materiml), (Boland Lodz Publishing I Teeh Lodz 1975)
Rotating arc driven by magnetic flux in r8Fs gas (Rotatlq ArcDriven by
Magn@tic Flux ln 8Fs) J.

[Summary of the invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide an arc fast breaker that does not require a rounding mechanism to accurately position the movable contacts.

According to the present invention, the fixed contact and the fixed electrode are provided, an arc drive coil connected to the fixed electrode, and a movable contact, the fixed contact and the fixed electrode being coaxial and separated by an annular gap. a first arc generating surface and a second arc generating surface, respectively, and the distance between the common axis of the arc generating surfaces and the arc generating surface is equal to the distance between the common axis and the front &:Ji!
2, the arc drive coil is coaxial with the arc generating surface, and the movable contact is arranged such that the movable contact is directed from the pivot axis toward the common axis. a contact position (make pomitlc+n
) and a separation position in which the movable contact is pulled away from the fixed contact, in the contact position the movable contact is included in a main current path that can be opened; The shortest distance between the contacts is greater than the gap, and during a subsequent portion of the movement of the movable contacts from the contact position to the separation position, the coil is in series with the arcing surface in the arc current path. As a result, an arc breaker is obtained.

The pivot axis is preferably parallel to the common axis.

The movable contact is preferably perpendicular to the pivot axis.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

The illustrated switch (FIGS. 1 and 2) has a housing 10 made of metal, for example. The interior of this housing is filled with an insulating medium, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SFa), under pressure. A bushing 12 insulates the main conductor 14 from the housing 10 and allows the conductor 14 to pass through the housing 10 in a sealed manner. A second main conductor (not shown) is located in the housing 1 at a location remote from the main conductor 14.
It is attached similarly to 0. The two main conductors carry one phase of the current supplied through this switch.

An arc interrupter 16 forms a main current path section that can be opened between the two main conductors. Conductor 14 and circuit breaker 1
6 are coaxial with each other about a common axis 18.

In place 1) 16 has a fixed contact 20t-. This fixed contact 20 is provided at the inner end of the conductor 14. The contact 20 has a stud 22 made of brass. This stud 22ti is screwed into the screw hole 24 of the conductor 14. A first annular contact member 26 made of copper is fastened by the stud 22 and retained on the conductor 14. A stop member 28 fixed in a hole provided in the end of the conductor 14 extends into the hole in the contact member 26, so that the contact member 24! is conductor 1
Rotation relative to 4 t is almost prevented. A second annular member 32 is positioned over the stud 22. Movable contact 82
is located between members 26 and 32.
A portion from one side of member 26 is removed. Member 26
The lower surface 34 of is slightly inclined with respect to a straight line perpendicular to the axis 18.

The contact member 32 is in the shape of a tap, and the compression spring 3 is made of steel.
6 against the stud 22. That spring 3
6Fi contact member 32 and contact member 32
It is held between the 0 base and the spring tip 38. The spring tip 38 is secured by a pin 40 inserted into a transverse passage 42 provided at the free end of the stud 22.
It is held on the stud 22.

The spring 36 acts on the contact member 32 so that the spring 36 pivots about the stud 22 in a direction transverse to the axis 18 (the inclined surface 34 of the contact member 26 allows the spring 36 to pivot); Contact pressure is applied to a portion of the movable contact 82 located between the contact members 26 and 32.

Contact member 26.32 is coaxial with axis 111g. The diameter of contact member 32 is slightly longer than the diameter of contact member 26. When the circuit breaker 16 is operated to open, the movable contact 82 is separated from the contact member 32 that has been separated from the contact member 26,
The contact member 32 is located between the contact member 26 and the movable contact 82.
The contact member 32 is provided with a first arc generating surface 4 such that an arc initially occurs between the arc generating surface 44 of the contact member 32 and the movable contact 82.
4 is provided.

An annular shield 4I, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFIC), is placed between the interior of the bushing 12 and nine hollow cylindrical spacers 48, made, for example, of insulator tubing, which are placed over the first member 26 of the contact 20. So, conductor 1
It is placed on top of 4. The shield 46U, the circuit breaker 16
This is to protect the bushing 12 from the influence of arcs that occur during operation.

Three support lugs 5 welded to the fixation assembly 50
2, the fixation assembly 50 is fixed to a support member (not shown) fixed to the housing 10. The assembly 50 includes a cylindrical arc generating electrode, an arc drive coil, and a ferromagnetic material.

This ferromagnetic material is made of mild steel, and includes a hollow cylinder 54, an annular plate 56 whose outer periphery is welded to the lower end of the cylinder 54, and an inner hollow cylinder 54 fixed to the m part of the plate 56 inside the cylinder 54. It is composed of a cylinder 58. A copper arc generating electrode 60 in the form of a hollow cylinder is located within the cylinder 54 and extends beyond the upper end of the cylinder 54. The upper inner surface and top surface 62 of the electrode sO form a second arcing surface coaxial with the axis 18. The arc generating surface 62 is spaced from and facing the arc generating surface 44 so that an annular gap is formed between the arc generating surface 62 and the arc generating surface 44 of the contact 20. ing.

An arc drive coil 64 made of a copper tape wound 22 times with an insulating tape in between is arranged in the electrode 60 so as to be supported by the electrode 60 against a strong electromagnetic force. Ru. The outer cap of the coil 64 is connected to the electrode 60 . The inner end of the coil 64 is connected to a first L-shaped connection strip 6 made of copper.
Connected to 6. A terminal block 68 is attached to the lower fin of this connection strip 66. This terminal block 68 extends downward through a hole γ0 provided in the plate 56.

One end of the second steel connecting strip 72 is fixed to the terminal block 68 . Both ends of the connecting strip T2 are bent in opposite directions from the surface of the connecting strip T2. The other end of the connecting strip T2 electrically contacts one end of the steel connecting strip wJ3.

The mutually contacting ends of connecting strips 72 and 74 are bolted to a copper cylindrical pivot block T6. The third connection line T4 is connected to another main copper conductor (not shown).

The arcing electrode 6a, except for the arcing surface 62, along with the coil 64 and most of the cylinder 58, are substantially encased within the insulator 78. Insulator 78 extends well below the inner portion of plate 56 to eliminate the possibility of arcing between fixed electrode 20 and plate 5B.

When the coil 64 is excited, the ferromagnetic material forms a magnetic circuit portion of the coil 64. By locating the coil 64 inside the t-pole 60, the spacing between arcing 144 and 62 can be maximized without making the disconnector unduly large.

A pivot block Ts is screwed into a support member 80 extending from the cylinder 54. A movable contact 82 is attached to a stud 84 that is integral with the upper end of this block 76.

This movable contact 82 has contact positions (first,
(shown in solid lines in FIG. 2) and a detached position (shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2) in which the movable contact 82 is disconnected from the fixed contact 20. The central axis 86 is an axis! It! 18 and the movable contact 82 is parallel to the central axis 8
W on 6! I'll be right next to you. Therefore, the length of the coupler 16 in the direction parallel to the axis 18 is kept the shortest.

The movable contact 82 is an arc-shaped copper rod when viewed along the central axis 86. The end 90 at which the movable contact 82 contacts the fixed contact 20 in the contact position is the portion of the movable contact 82 that is closest to the electrode 60 in the separation position 60 . The shortest distance between the fixed contact 20 and the movable contact 820 is the arc generation surface 4
less than the interval between 4 and 62. To assist the movable contact 82 in contacting the fixed contact 20, the end 90 of the movable contact 82 has a slightly tapered leading edge.

Thrust bearing washer g4 coated with PTFI
and a washer held by a nut 96 threaded onto the threaded free end of the stud 84, the movable contact 82 is forced into the stud 84 by a compression spring 92 held between the Retained elastically.

A connecting pin 98 is inserted into a hole provided in the movable contact 82 . This connecting pin S8 also passes through a hole provided at one end of each link of a pair of insulating links 10G located on both sides of the movable contact 82. The pin 11@ is held in place by a spring clip 102. Link 1
The other end of 00 is similarly pivoted to a lever 104 made of mild steel. The lever 104 is fixed to a rotatable connecting rod 106 and rotated together with the connecting rod 106. Connecting rod 1
06 can be rotated by another lever (not shown) fixed to it.

Next, the operation of the disconnector shown in FIG. 1 will be explained.

Connector 16 is shown in a closed position. The main current path of this disconnector is the main conductor 14 and the fixed contact 20.
(the contact members 26 and 32 are forced slightly apart by the movable contact 82), the movable contact 82, the pivot block 76, the third connecting strip T4, and the other main conductor (
(not shown).

When the operating mechanism is fully operated, the connecting rod 10B and lever 104 are rotated. Then, the lever 104 moves to the ring 1001.
- The movable contact 82 is rotated to the position indicated by the dot chain line 10th, and at the ninth point, the movable contact 82 is rotated within the 11 planes about the axis 86 to the position indicated by the dot chain line 418g.

Due to the movement K, the movable contact 82 is first separated from the contact member 26 of the fixed contact 20 and then from the member 32. When movable contact 82 separates from member 32, an arc is created between movable contact 82 and member 32. Then,
An electromagnetic force acts on the arc to move the root of the arc on the movable contact 82 to the tip of the movable contact 82.

When the movable contact 82 is further pulled away from the fixed contact 20,
The elongated arc bends downward due to the action of electromagnetic force. When the end of movable contact 82 passes over arc generating electrode 60, the arc is transferred to that electrode 60. This movement of the arc is aided by the arc's downward curvature. During the transition state in which the arc moves, the arc moves to the arcing surface 44.
and between the arc generating electrode 60 and between the arc generating electrode 60 and the tip of the movable contact s2. However, the electrode 60
The arc extending between the contact point 82 and the movable contact 82 will soon extinguish.

In the separated position, the end 90 of the movable contact 82 is the portion of the movable contact 82 closest to the electrode 60; therefore, at other positions along the length of the movable position, the arc generating electrode 60 and the movable contact 82 are separated. It is unlikely that a spurious arc will occur between them.

In this way, the main current path is formed between the main conductor 14 and the fixed contact 2.
0, the arc between the arc generating surfaces 44 and 62, the arc generating electrode 60, the arc drive coil 64, the first connecting strip 66, the terminal block 68, the second connecting strip 72,
The arc current path is switched through the third connecting strip 74 and another main conductor (not shown). Then, the arc drive coil 64 is excited and generates magnetic flux. The interaction of this magnetic flux with the arc causes the arc to be driven around the arcing surface 44.62 like the spokes of a rotating wheel. The magnetic field generated by the coil 64 is strengthened by a relatively high-voltage ferromagnetic material that constitutes the magnetic circuit portion of the coil 64.

The movement of the arc through the 8Fs gas facilitates energy dissipation from the shear arc and from the ionized gas in the vicinity of the arc, optimizing the conditions for zeroing the current and extinguishing the arc tube. These conditions are further optimized by the arc generating electrode 60. Since the arc generating electrode 60 is magnetically coupled to the coil 64 and has a suitable electrical conductivity, the arc still receives a large driving force even when the current approaches zero because the magnetic flux and the arc current are out of phase.

The arc is extinguished at the appropriate zero current.

The connecting rod 106 is operated in the opposite direction to the lever 104 and the I
The circuit breaker 16 is closed by returning the switch 100 and the movable contact 82t to the position shown by the solid line in Figure 2. The normal rating of the switch explained with reference to Figure 1.2 is 15.
．． 5U, 0.28n with a fault condition rating of 6μ. This switch is an automatic re-close type switch. In the re-closing type switch, a quick breaker 16 is provided for each phase of the supply current, and a lever (not shown) attached to the connecting rod 106 of the speed breaker 1 If more than one, they are coupled to a common operational link (not shown). However, other uses of the switch with the disconnector of the invention are also conceivable. For example, it is used as a ring main switch. The axis of the circuit breaker 16 does not have to be vertical.

The switch housing may be molded from an insulating material, such as epoxy resin.

Other applications, such as ring main switches (whose normal rating is 1
5.5n, 0.6311 and the fault rating is 12KA), the switchgear rating can be changed. This change in the rating of the switch can be performed using several methods alone or in combination depending on the change to be made. For example, the number of contact surfaces can be increased and the rating reduced by changing the contact pressure of a fast-breaker, by changing the dimensions of the circuit breaker components, or by making the movable contacts of the circuit breaker with at least two contact members. can do.

Alternatively, the switchgear rating can be increased by using two or more circuit breakers connected in series between the main conductors of the current phases and capable of operating simultaneously with each other. In one such application, the coil of a first circuit breaker is connected to the fixed contacts of a second circuit breaker. The structure of these circuit breakers is the same as that of the circuit breaker described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In such another application, the coil of a first circuit breaker is connected to the coil of a second circuit breaker, and the fixed contacts of each circuit breaker are connected to a respective portion of the two main conductors. The structure of these breakers is also similar to the structure of the fast breakers described with reference to FIGS.

In this configuration, the movable contacts of the circuit breaker can be constituted by one S-shaped member that can move about one pivot axis, which is arranged intermediate the fixed contacts of the fast breaker.

Still other applications include two stationary contacts coaxially facing each other, each providing a first arcing surface, and two stationary electrodes spaced apart from each other, each providing a second arcing surface. and the second arc generating surfaces are spaced apart from each other, the second ends of the two respective coils are connected to each other, and the two respective movable contacts are connected to each one of the second arc generating surfaces. The rating of the switch can be increased by using a circuit breaker in which the movable contacts are connected to each other so as to move simultaneously.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, another embodiment of the switch described above will be described.

This switch has a metal nozzle (not shown) forming a container that is filled with an insulating medium, such as 8F gas. Bushings 112 and 113 are the two main conductors 11
4.115t each insulated from the housing and their conductors 114, 115t sealed to allow passage through the housing. Conductors 114 and 115 carry one phase of the current supplied through this switch.

An arc interrupter 116 forms a main current path that can be opened between the main conductors 114,115. Conductor 114°115
and circuit breaker 116 are coaxial with each other on a common axis 118.

The circuit breaker 116 has fixed contacts 120 and 121 facing each other.
The zero fixed liquid points 120, 121 have studs 122 and 123, respectively. Those studs 122°1
23 are screwed into the first copper annular contacts 126, 127, respectively. Contacts 126 and 127 are connected to the respective main conductors 1
14. Consists of two parts that are fixed together at the ends of the 115. The end faces of the fixed contacts 120 and 121 are aligned with the axis 118
is slightly inclined with respect to a straight line perpendicular to . Axis line 11
Second annular copper contact members 132, 133 having respective first arcing surfaces 144, 145 coaxial with the studs 122, 123 are disposed over the studs 122, 123. Contact member 132
, 133 are substantially the same as the contact member 32 (FIGS. 1-2).

Conductors 114 and 115 are provided with wire maintenance shields 132 and 133, respectively, similar to shield 46 (FIGS. 1 and 2).

A fixation assembly 150 is secured to an insulating support member 151 that is secured to the housing. This assembly 150 is coaxial with axis @118. Assembly 150 wires with two cylindrical arc generating electrodes and two arc drive l#! It has an L pole and a ferromagnetic material.

The ferromagnetic material is made of mild steel and consists of an outer hollow cylinder 154 and an inner hollow cylinder 158. Their cylinders 154° 158 are coaxial with axis 118. Hollow cylindrical arc generating electrodes 160, 161 made of copper are positioned within the cylinder 154 so as to extend beyond the respective ends t of the cylinder. 1i of the protruding part of the electrodes 160, 181
its2 and top surface 163 form an arc generating surface coaxial with axis 118. Between the arc generating surfaces 144 and 162 and 14
5 and 163, their arcing surfaces being spaced apart from and generally facing the respective arcing surfaces 144.degree. It is arranged like this.

Arc drive coils 164, 165, similar to arc drive coil 64 (FIG. 1.2), are arranged within the electrodes 160, 161, respectively, and the coils 164, 165
The outer ends of the electrodes 160 and 18I are respectively connected to the electrodes 160 and 18I. The inner ends of the coils 164, 165 are connected to each other by copper connecting strips 166.

Except for the arcing surfaces 162; 163, the arcing electrodes, together with the coils 164, 165 and the cylinder 158, are substantially covered by the insulator 17B. This insulator 178Fi extends across the center 1γ9 of the disconnector 116 and forms a physical insulating barrier that prevents arcing within that space.

When the circuit breaker with the fixed contact 120. is in the closed state, the fixed contact 120.
121 are connected to each other by movable contacts 182, 183 which are connected to each other and can move simultaneously. In this embodiment, the make position where the movable contacts 182, 183 contact the fixed contacts 120, 121, and the fixed contacts 120, 121 in their respective planes about a common pivot axis coaxial with the longitudinal axis 18B of the shaft 176. The movable contacts 182, 183 are mounted on opposite ends of the steel pivot shaft 11, in order to move between the movable contacts 182, 183 and the break contact from which the movable contacts 182, 183 are disconnected.

The movable contacts 1!12, 183 are connected to each other by a steel connecting strip 172 which is bolted to the movable contacts 182, 183. Axis 186 is parallel to shaft 118, and movable contacts 182, 183 are perpendicular to axis 186. Therefore, the length of circuit breaker 11B in the direction parallel to axis 118 is kept the shortest.

The shape of the movable contacts 182 and 183 is the shape of the movable contact 82 (1st
Contact 12, similar to contact 20.82,
The progressive spacing between 0 and 182 and 121 and 183 is wider than the gaps between arcing surfaces 144 and 162 and between 145 and 163, respectively.

A shaft 176 is supported in a bearing formed by two support members extending from the circle wJ154.

Two central levers 200 are fixed to the shaft 176, between which a link 204 made of insulating material is connected.
It is pivoted by link bin 188 which is held relative to it by spring clip 202. Link 2
04 causes the shaft 176 to rotate.

Next, the operation of circuit breaker 116 will be explained. The main current path of this circuit breaker is composed of a current path passing through the main conductor 114, the fixed contact 120, the movable contact 182, the connecting strip 172, the movable contact 183, the fixed contact 121, and the main conductor 115. .

Activation of the operating mechanism pulls the link 204, causing the shaft 17
6 is rotated. Then, the movable contact 182.11
33 are simultaneously rotated about axis 18B in their respective planes.

Arc generating surfaces 44 and 62 described with reference to FIGS.
Similarly to the generation and subsequent extinction of the arc during
Between arc generating surfaces 144 and 162 and 145 and 163
An arc is created during this period and then disappears.

By operating the link 2041 in the opposite direction, the quick disconnector 116 is closed.

The normal rated voltage of the circuit breaker is 36KV.

If the rating of the circuit breaker is relatively high, the area of the contact where the arc roots occur may be
An arc-resistant material such as MLT. (trade name) can be used.

As explained earlier, from K using two or more of the nine types of circuit breakers as explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, t
+ can increase the rating of the switch by using one (preferably one or more) circuit breaker as described with reference to FIG. However, in a circuit breaker with a certain rating,
Instead of one circuit breaker as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2,
Two or more circuit breakers as shown in FIG. 3 can be used without any change in rating.

In that case, one, two or more disconnectors of the type shown in FIG. 3 are smaller than the one circuit breaker being replaced. Therefore, the phase spacing within the switch can be narrowed.

In another variation, the arc drive coil can be placed radially outward of the arc generating electrode.

Although the common axes of the parts and the pivot axes of the movable contacts are parallel in the embodiment described above, they do not necessarily have to be parallel. However, the pivot axis cannot be perpendicular to the common axis.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows 1-1 of the switch shown in Figure 2, including the arc disconnector.
2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line l-1m of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of another embodiment of the switch. 20,120,121...O.Okiichi contact point, 44,144
, 145. 62.162. Te3...Arc generation surface, 60,1
60°161...Fixed electrode, 64,164.165
...Arc drive coil, 82, 182, 183
・−・Movable contact. Patent applicant: Northern Engineering Industries, LLC Agent: Masaki Yamakawa (and one other person)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A fixed contact (20), a fixed electrode (60), and an arc drive coil (6) connected to the fixed electrode (60).
4) and a movable contact (82), the fixed contact (2)
0) and said fixed electrode (60) provide a coaxial first arcing surface (44) and a second arcing surface (62), respectively, separated by an annular gap;
4) The distance between the common axis (18) of (62) and the arc generating surface (44) is shorter than the distance between the common axis (18) and the second arc generating surface (62). , the arc drive coil (64) is connected to the arc generating surface (44, 6
2), the movable contact (82) is centered around the pivot axis (86), and the movable contact (82) is directed from the pivot axis (86) toward the common axis (18). The contact is arranged for angular movement between a contact position in which the movable contact (80) extends and contacts the fixed contact (20) and a separation position in which the movable contact (80) is pulled away from the fixed contact (20). In position, the movable contact (80) is included in the main current path that can be opened and the two contacts (80) are included in the main current path that can be opened.
20° 82) is larger than the gap, and during the subsequent portion of the movement of the movable contact (82) from the contact position to the separation position, the coil (64) is connected to the arc current path. The arc breaker has a t-% characteristic when included in series with the two arc generating surfaces (44°62). (2) Two fixed contacts (120° 121) facing each other coaxially and each providing a first arc generation surface (144, 145), and provided apart from each other, each of which collapses into the first arc generating surface (144, 145). Two fixed types that provide two arc generating surfaces (182, 163)! (160, 161) and each other's second
two arc drive coils (164, 165) electrically connected to each other at the base of the arc drive coils (164, 165), which are provided so as to be movable angularly with respect to each of the second arc generation surfaces, and are electrically connected to each other; and two movable contacts (182, 183) that can move simultaneously. Second
The arc generation surface has four axes and is separated by an annular gap.
This first. 2nd arc generation surface (144, 145: 162
．． The distance between the common axis (11g) of the common axis (163) and the first arc generating surface (144, 145) is
8) and the second arc generating surface (162, 163), and the arc drive coil (164, 16
5) is the same as the above 1. Second arc generation surface (144, 145:
162, 163), and the movable contact (182
, 183), the movable contact (182, 183) is centered around the pivot axis (186).
6) toward the common axis (118) and contacts the fixed contacts (120, 121), and the movable contacts (180, 181)
. ) and movable contact (
182, 183) is greater than the gap, and after the movement of the movable contact (182° 183) from the contact position to the separation position, the fill (
164, 165) are in the earth current path. An arc fast breaker characterized by being included in series with the second arc generating surface.