JPS58187855A - Method and apparatus for agricultural component analysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a time required for analysis, to simplify operations therefor, and to enable the analysis of high precision, by applying high-frequency heating to the sample such as a plant, soil, etc. for promoting the chemical reaction thereof after performing processes of extraction and chemical reaction thereof. CONSTITUTION:The titled apparatus is constituted by a processing unit 1 comprising an oscillator 1A inclusive of a magnetron oscillation tube and a power supply device, etc., a matching device 1B and a heating chamber 10, a measuring unit 2, an operating-recording unit 3 and a control unit 4 performing a sequential control of each unit. The heating chamber 1C has a turntable accomodating a plurality of test tubes, and heats a plurality of samples uniformly. The measuring unit 2 has a color measuring device built therein, performing the color measurement of samples of which a chemical reaction process is completed in the processing unit 1. The recording unit 3 performs operations of the content of material, the content rate thereof, etc. based on optical characteristic values obtained from measurement by the measuring unit 2. The operations of these units and the sequential control of computation are performed according to instructions from the control unit 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an agricultural component analysis method for analyzing components of plants, soil, etc., and an apparatus therefor.

In recent years, agricultural crop cultivation technology has made remarkable progress. This is largely due to improvements in the quality of agricultural crops, soil improvements, fertilizers, and control of environmental conditions through greenhouse cultivation and the like.

By the way, the optimal cultivation conditions during the growing process of agricultural crops are
This can only be achieved by understanding the changes in the crop itself and controlling external aspects such as soil, fertilizer, and environmental conditions.

In this sense, it is extremely important to accurately analyze the components of agricultural products, soil, etc.

However, conventionally used agricultural component analysis methods, for example, "Cultivated Plant Analysis and Measurement Methods (3rd Edition)" by Kanawa Committee on Crop Analysis Methods concerning organic and inorganic components of plants,
October 1, 1975, Yo9! Or, the Soil Nutrient Measurement Method Committee Kanawa ``Soil Nutrient Analysis Method (
As described in "7th Edition)" (January 10, 1980, Yoken I), a trivial chemical reaction step involving a heating reaction is required. Most of the time required for analysis is spent on processing steps that involve heating, such as heated extraction and heated reaction, and the time required for analysis is several tens of minutes for short cases, and several hours for long cases, which is the reason for the deception. It became.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to solve the above-mentioned problems in conventional agricultural component analysis methods, and to solve the problems of conventional agricultural component analysis methods, which do not require heating, which was a rate-limiting step in the conventional processing process. It is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural component analysis method and an apparatus 1 for the same, which simplify and speed up the analysis by greatly accelerating the processing steps.

The above object of the present invention is to perform an extraction process using an extractant and a chemical reaction process by adding a reagent to a plant or soil sample, and then charge a predetermined component in the sample. In the agricultural component analysis method, at least the chemical reaction step is performed. An agricultural component analysis method characterized by being accelerated by Ilb frequency heating, and a process for performing an extraction process using an extractant and a chemical reaction process by adding a reagent to a sample such as an Ilk object or soil. This is achieved by an industrial component analysis device characterized in that it is provided with an agricultural heating means having a section and a measuring section for performing colorimetric measurements on the processed sample.

In the present invention, high frequency heating refers to several MH, to @4
Refers to dielectric heating in the MH2 frequency range・l! Dielectric heating applies a high-frequency alternating electric field to a dielectric material to lift molecules at high frequencies and generate heat, so the heating effect is high, the heating time is short, control is easy, and there is little generation of excess heat. It has the following characteristics.

In the agricultural component analysis method and device for the same according to the present invention, the capacity of the heated body is relatively small (several hundred watts at most).
, l), so the frequency range, oscillation force formula, and t-2450M
Basically, a magnetron oscillation tube is used.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1st IyJt'i This figure shows the configuration of a component analyzer which is an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, l is ! Oscillation including Gnetopun oscillator tube and power supply school! ilA, a processing section which also includes an alignment device [IB and a heating chamber 1o; 2 a measuring section; 3 a calculation recording section; and 4 a control section which performs sequential control of the above-mentioned sections.

The heating chamber IC of the processing section 1 has, for example, a turntable for accommodating a plurality of test grains, and is configured so as to be able to uniformly heat (It number of samples). The device has a built-in device, and the sample that has undergone the chemical reaction process in the processing section 1 is supplied to the cell of the colorimetric measuring device for measurement.

Based on the optical characteristic values measured by the measuring section 2, the calculation and recording section 5 calculates the content of the substance, such as the content rate, based on pre-stored data.

These operations and calculations are sequentially controlled by commands sent from the control section 4.

The operation of the apparatus of this embodiment configured as described above will be described below, taking as an example the case where all the amino acids contained in tea leaves are stored.

As a coulometric method for all amino acids ('l'otalα-amino acids) contained in plants, ninhydrin (Nynhy
drinθ) simple colorimetric determination method by color development (e.g., large 1
41: Chagiken A41.4-5~49 (1971),
Nakagawa, Anan: Chakasuri Houtane 50, 56-61 (1979)
etc.) are known. Said Nakagawa, Shi・! Do not use the imperial edict's method. After extracting the amyl/alcohol in the tea confectionery with boiling water for 25 minutes, add a reagent such as ninhydrin solution to the extract, heat in a boiling/water bath for 20 minutes to develop color, and cool for 30 minutes. He used a procedure of color comparison using a spectrophotometric needle, which took 76 minutes.

On the other hand, in the case of the apparatus of this embodiment, processing is performed as follows.

Put 2 pieces of tea cake scooped out into a direct IQ+nm container in a melipropylene container (approx.
t1 ninhydrin 2% solution (contains ninhydrin buffer solution) 2
Add mt and set this to frequency 2450MH18, output 55
The sample was placed in a heating chamber equipped with a 0W heating device, heated for 40 seconds, cooled, and then subjected to color comparison using a spectrometer.

The time required for this operation was about 1.8 minutes, including the time spent on the previous and subsequent operations.

Comparing the two, it will be understood that the processing time is significantly shortened.

Next, the accuracy of the method of this embodiment will be described.

First, for the repetition degree + ij, theanine (Theaminθ') 0.01 is used as the standard material for i/@.
% solution, add 2% ninhydrin solution 12 ml to this 2 ml.
m1 was added, and this was heated in the heating chamber for 20 seconds (the heating time was shortened since there was no need for extraction), and after cooling, color comparison was performed. The results show good repeatability as shown in FIG.

Next, let's take a look at the sample containing the standard substance theanine!
71 was prepared and the change in color density was investigated. The results are shown in Figure 3.91. <So, good detection was also obtained in 1 tlk.
Furthermore, the results of these experiments conducted on actual tea leaves are shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 shows the results of using three tea leaves punched out to a diameter of 10 mm as described above, adding 2 ml of distilled water and 2 ml of 2% ninhydrin solution, heating in the heating chamber for 40 seconds, and performing color comparison after cooling. The upper row shows the heavy lid of the tea confectionery, and the lower row shows the color density.

As shown in Figure 4, in experiments conducted from 1 to 6 tons, the color density corresponding to the amino acid-containing wax extracted from the same tea confectionery as #'i breath wax -i total 0.048 g was detected with repeatability and accuracy. There is. Also, l! In experiments with lII numbers from 6 to 10, when the ice field of tea confectionery changed slightly, the tendency was clearly reflected in the corresponding color density, demonstrating high detection ability.

As described above, according to this embodiment, by using high-frequency heating for heat treatment, the time required for analysis is significantly shortened, and high analysis accuracy is obtained, which results in the first effect. It is something.

The high-frequency heating of the processing section 1 in the above-mentioned loading of the embodiment can be controlled simply by setting a timer and turning on a start switch, making the operation extremely simple. Since no flame is used for heating, it is not only safe to handle, but also has the advantage that it is not necessary to make the device itself and the room in which the device is located in one large structure.

FIG. 5 shows the results of measuring the total amino acid content of typical vegetables using the same method as in Example II.

In this measurement, theanine as a standard substance was treated at the same time, and calculations were made based on this. 5th-
The numerical values of the total amino acid content shown in 2 closely approximate the values published in the past, indicating the accuracy of the measurement in this example.

Although specific numerical values were not provided for the water type, the method and apparatus of the present invention exhibits similar effects when used for component analysis in soil.

As described above, according to the present invention, after performing an extraction process using an extractant and a chemical reaction process by adding a reagent to a sample such as a plant body or soil, a predetermined component in the sample is quantified. When performing this, at least the chemical reaction process is accelerated using high-frequency heating, which greatly reduces the time required for analysis, simplifies operation, and enables high-precision analysis. This has the extremely remarkable effect of realizing a component analysis method and an apparatus therefor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a component analyzer which is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 5 are diagrams showing measurement data by the device of this embodiment. 1: processing section, lA: oscillator, IB: matching device, 1C: heating chamber, 2: measuring section, 3: calculation recording section, cow: & control section. Patent Applicant: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. 9, Agent: Patent Attorney Masaru Reefmura 50α:r'5 0.01 γnin concentration t$) Figure 4 12345678910 Massage

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an agricultural component analysis method in which a sample such as a plant or soil is subjected to an extraction step using an extractant and a chemical reaction step by adding a reagent, and then a predetermined component in the sample is quantified. , an M# industrial component analysis method characterized in that at least the chemical reaction step is further promoted by frequency heating. (2) 4!1 A processing unit for performing an extraction process using an extractant and a chemical reaction process by adding a reagent to a sample such as an object or soil, and a processing unit for performing colorimetric measurements on the treated sample. In an agricultural component analyzer having a measuring section,
An agricultural component analyzer characterized in that the processing section is provided with high-frequency heating means.