JPS58180573A - Wet friction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a wet sintered metal friction material having higher coefficient of friction and improved energy throughput capacity, abrasion resistance, and mechanical strength, by incorporating a particular natural vegetable fiber or org. chemical fiber. CONSTITUTION:One or more of copper (alloy) and iron (alloy), one or more of mixts. selected from the group of mixts. consisting of 2-70wt% lubricant such as graphite, 2-30wt% rigid particles with a Mohs value of 4 or above, and 2-25wt% friction adjustor such as barium sulfate, one or more of mixts. selected from the group of mixts. consisting of 1-50wt% coke, 1-50wt% inorg. fiber such as glass fiber, and 3wt% or lower phosphorus, and 1-50wt% natural vegetable fiber (e.g., pulp, cotton) or org. chemical fiber which is subjected to carbonization or graphitization without melt or run-off by heating above 500 deg.C under a nonoxidizing atmosphere are mixed, formed, and sintered to yield the intended wet friction material.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] When used in existing so-called wet-type rice braking and brakes, it is softer than conventional paulownia rice materials, has a much higher potency** coefficient, and has improved energy handling strength and resistance. This is a typical sintered metal heavy ring material with excellent abrasion resistance and mechanical strength, and is a typical wet-type material.
Paper j11 is a single wire material of paper thread and a baked M metal vibration material (hereinafter referred to as metallic material)! I Material Vi Metallic material eζ when used in a wet manner (Rabe Doken S) The number of ropes is approximately 1.5 to 2 times as large, and the ratio of the dynamic friction coefficient to the static friction coefficient is close to 1, that is, the friction coefficient changes with speed. It has the advantage of being low-volume, but is called low-static), has low heat resistance because it uses pulp as its main raw material and organic polymeric material as a binder, and it is manufactured using a method similar to the paper-making method. 1
The fibers are arranged in a flat direction on the mating surface, and therefore, the fibers are easily plucked out by the unevenness of the mating mating surface (3), and special care must be taken to avoid roughness, scratches, foreign objects, etc. on the mating surface. , there are disadvantages such as accumulation of thermal history.

On the other hand, in addition to the heat resistance of the material, metallic materials also have good thermal conductivity.They have excellent heat resistance and seizure resistance, and have relatively little thermal history, and are prone to abnormalities such as sudden oil loss. It has a good quality capacity, has less wear and tear, and is highly reliable because it does not use adhesive like paper material to join with the puncture plate, but is connected between two pieces of metal. It has a certain point.

However, the dynamic coefficient is low, and the difference between the iIJM collar coefficient and the static single friction coefficient is large (referred to as high static friction coefficient).
There are drawbacks such as large changes in the I=J friction coefficient due to changes in the friction coefficient.

Materials other than paper and metallic materials may also be used for wet applications, but many of them exhibit performance between paper and metallic materials, and the current situation is that there are no materials that are fully satisfactory except for special uses. It is.

In addition, it has seizure resistance and reliability comparable to metallic materials, a dynamic friction coefficient comparable to that of vapor coating materials, and a ratio of #Ib umbrella friction coefficient to static friction coefficient. The development of heavy ring materials was desired.

The present invention takes these points into consideration, and has a high dynamic gravity ring coefficient, sliding velocity, (3) pressure, and changes in pressure. (The difference between the moving single track and the flP Kōayu coefficient is relatively small. Provides a reliable material with minimal wrinkles, strong mechanical strength that can withstand the mechanical effects that occur during earthquakes, such as cracks and cracks, and high seizing resistance at a low price. It is something to do.

In the so-called wet type 41V clamp and flake where a suitable amount of lubricating oil is interposed between the opposing single wires, from the point of view of the separation of the material due to the intervening slippage, -1 Tondoan 6. d I wander around in search of grapes,
It is a block that cannot be used for those with a significantly low Koyu coefficient.

The kotosuri in the 1L type is due to the contact between the two surfaces caused by the rupture of the fluid film intervening between the two surfaces, and the degree of contact has a great influence on the magnitude of the coefficient of friction. For this reason, it is said that it is important to eliminate the lubricating oil that exists between two solid surfaces, that is, the existence of communicating pores, in addition to the AI characteristics of the material itself.

Furthermore, if @beak f is only eliminated by the rate of contact, the simple harmonic coefficient will reach the level of the dry method due to the operation of contact between the two solids, and a constant simple harmonic coefficient will be obtained. Not only (
...becomes istastic), and the book grows in size.

For this reason, the material must be highly oil-retentive, lipophilic, and highly elastic. When a solid contact is applied to such a material, pressure is applied, and the oil held inside can be quickly supplied to the contact surface, and with a constant amount of oil interposed, it is stable and exhibits a constant flow rate. (becomes low static).

Traditionally used metallic materials are mechanically strong, have fewer pores due to surface constraints, have small pore diameters, do not contain components that retain all lubricating oil, and have low elasticity. A friend of mine.

The present invention can be applied to conventional metallic materials such as
Natural plant edges such as cupro, cotton, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and phenolic resin! Among organic chemical fibers, J91! The friction coefficient is close to that of metal bene (-), and the material is custom made to be low static.

For example, in the case of pulp fiber tN, four of the pulp edge lines contract to the inside and outside during sintering, and all communicating pores are formed along the fiber2. Moreover, it is rich in oil retention, lipophilicity, and elasticity. This is because it has. These effects are obtained by sintering with a V-trowel in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 500°C or higher among natural grafted fibers such as Keepra, cotton, polyacrylic fibers, and phenolic fibers, or chemical fibers such as Isiso yarn. It was also obtained by adding euit--which carbonized or graphitized without melting and flowing out during the process.

Depending on the sintering temperature, these fibers can be made into carbon fibers and reinforced with purple fibers. In addition, it is effective to add copper and/or copper to these fibers after heat treatment at an appropriate temperature, and addition after heat treatment is also included in the scope of the present invention. By replacing some or all of the alloy with
・To improve the wear resistance and wear resistance, some or all of the iron is added.
, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, and Be, the 3111 coefficient can be increased by using one or more of the following: Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, Be. By replacing it with a new one, we were able to provide a cheaper material.

Furthermore, conventional metallic materials contain a large amount of graphite and have a layered structure, so although they are excellent as lubricating components, their strength in the direction of the cleavage plane is weak, resulting in a significant decrease in material strength and Friction coefficient for rivers)) Change over time before decreasing? was occurring.

In the present invention, the amount of graphite is reduced to a level that does not impair the lubricating properties, and the graphite has relatively little directionality. By adding porous coke, we were able to obtain a material whose strength was lower than the coefficient of friction and which showed little change over time during use.

In the present invention, furthermore, by adding inorganic fiber tm to the above-mentioned material, the material strength and I# stress characteristics can be improved, and by adding all phosphorus, the material strength and single seat characteristics can be improved. Ta.

The composition range of the specified components is such that if any component falls outside of this range, it will cause problems in any of the mechanical properties of the harmonic material, such as friction coefficient, seizure resistance, wear resistance, durability, and S degree. East with things.

Implementations of the present invention are described below. This example is an example of an experiment conducted next to confirm the effects of the present invention and to confirm the full scope of application, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the example.

Graphite 4 cars -% (all rumors below), coke 154,
5% pulp, 2% rayon, 2% silica, 2 warps/alumina fibers, 379 steel, 4 tines, 84 zinc, 10 ferroaluminum, 10 iron, 101% all conventional powder metallurgy. It was mixed, shaped and sintered. Obtained friend material F'
Does it have sufficient mechanical strength as a green material? Regarding the material 11e, it is a commercially available product shown in Figure 1 (it is on the same level), and is a material that has a IIb* coefficient close to that of paper material and a low static property. The anti-seizure and anti-wrinkle properties are almost on the same level as conventional metallic materials.

this? A3+ according to Figures 1 to 3! I will clarify.

For comparison, commercially available paper wS material),
(B), Metallic l # commercially available product as Buddha), (1)
) was tested with simultaneous VC. Figure 1 shows absorbed energy 64
kg・m/ad, sliding speed 20 m/sec
, surface pressure 11, fillet frequency 9 sec/l bow, lubricating oil 8AE standard tow (S-3), oil t 8 cc/+
, *・min, and a chart showing the relationship between the sliding speed (horizontal axis) and the friction coefficient (vertical axis) when an experiment was conducted under the conditions of supplied oil temperature bO°C.

The product of the present invention has a dynamic friction thread count approximately 1.5 times higher than that of conventional metallic materials, and is almost at the same level as the friction percentage of vapor-based friction materials. Fig. 2 is a chart showing the constant coefficient r up to 2000 cycles under the same conditions as Fig.
・m/cd, sliding speed 1115m/5ecX surface pressure 15icg/ctd, clutch frequency 15scc/B,
Reduced n appetizer oil toW (8-3), 71B %-8cc
2 is a chart showing the number of shudders i+11 up to 2000 cycles at a supply temperature of 60° C./crl·min. In addition,
The average absorbed energy at this time is approximately 13.5 xy
-m, Am.set.

4Al's quantitative congratulations Figure 1, Figure 2. FIG. 3 is a chart showing the 1# static properties of the friction material of the present invention and the Jlial material for specific softness.

At the time, f'FIJjd people Toshiba Ta/Garoy type company! A
(+q Braking national electric train

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Fi+ -1 steel alloys, iron, iron alloys, and all 11211 or more selected from the group consisting of 8n, Zn, At, 8iXMn, N
t, Cr. MO, V, Ti and Be 111 and Fi, 241I
4, which includes 2 to 70*Jlt% of lubricating components such as graphite, molybdenum nitride, and lead (hereinafter all are expressed as electric m- to the whole material), and hard particles of 4 or more Mohs. 30%, and sulfuric acid, thurium, calcium carbonate,
Contains 1 tub or 2 M1 or more selected from the group consisting of 2 to 25% of magnesium carbonate, etc., and if necessary, 1 to 5 cokes such as petroleum coke and lime coke.
0%, inorganic fibers such as metal fibers, glass fibers, rock fibers, mineral fibers, etc. $1 to 50-1 and 3% or less of phosphorus wet friction material containing gold. K O Vm ”'(, valve, rayon, cupro,
Natural plant fibers such as cotton, small acrylonitrile fibers, phenolic fibers, or organic chemical fibers that can be carbonized or graphitized without melting or flowing out by heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 500°C or higher, or fibers that have been carbonized or graphitized in advance. A wet friction material characterized by containing twill fibers of 1 to 50-gold. (2) In the wet friction material according to item 11g of the patent claim, the wet friction material contains one strain of wheat and an iron alloy, as well as ViZ cypress. (3) Claims 1 JA and 2 for wet type 1
In the 11 friction material, copper alloy or d iron alloy is 111I
! Also, 1 yen and an, Zn, Az, S i, M
n, Ni, Cr. A40. Wet type** material that is the base metal for one or more containers of V, TI, and Be. (4) The wet friction material according to claims 1 to 3, which contains petroleum coke, 6th edition coke, coke 1 to 50! Ijp, material. (5) Wet type friction material j1 according to claims 1 to 4 [a wet type friction material containing inorganic fibers t-1 to 50- such as glass fiber, rock fiber, ore fiber. ft1l A single wet rubbing material containing 3S or less of phosphorus in the wet rubbing material set forth in the first paragraph to the fifth paragraph of the patent claim.