JPS5817688B2 - hammer device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hammer device that can be applied, for example, to high-speed press working.

Conventional air hammers, which are extremely large and expensive, can be controlled at a high speed of 10 m/sec, for example, and can be used for high-speed press working.

However, in commonly used press working, even what is called a high-speed press can only achieve a speed of about In/sec.

By the way, if press working can be performed at high speed, the cut surface in shearing work will be improved, it will be possible to cut with relatively little distortion and the shape before processing will be maintained, and it will also be possible to improve the fluidity of the material in forging. It will be done.

However, in the past, it has not been possible to press materials at such high speeds without using a significantly large and expensive air hammer as described above.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hammer device that can be applied to, for example, press processing to accelerate it.

According to this invention, a cylindrical piston is pushed down by a press ram or the like and inserted into a cylinder, and a gas such as compressed air is sealed in advance in the cylinder, and the gas is compressed to store sufficient energy therein. .

When the piston is pushed down to a certain extent, a passage is formed between the head cup 4 and the hammer provided in the cylinder and the inside of the cylinder.

Until then, there is a negative pressure between the head cover and the hammer with respect to the cylinder, and the hammer is held; however, when the passage is formed and the hammer begins to descend, compressed gas flows from under the head cover between the head cover and the hammer. After entering, the hammer protrudes from the cylinder at a high speed and acts as a hammer.

Next, an embodiment of the hammer device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 11 indicates a substrate, and a cylinder 12 is placed on the substrate 11.
is fixed.

A cylindrical piston 13 is provided on the opposite side of the cylinder 12 from the base plate 11 so as to be movable in the axial direction.

The piston 13 has an open surface on the cylinder 12 side, and the opposite surface is closed with an end plate 14, so that the cylinder 1
The inside of 2 and the inside of piston 13 are connected spaces.

The inside of this space is made airtight from the outside, and for this purpose, an O-ring 15 for sealing, for example, is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the cylinder 12 on the piston side.

A through hole, for example, a circular through hole 16, is formed in the substrate 11 facing the center of the cylinder 12, and a hammer 17 that can protrude or enter into the cylinder 12 in the axial direction through the through hole 16 is disposed. .

In order to maintain airtightness between the hammer 17 and the substrate 11 and allow the hammer 17 to move, the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 16 is
A ring 18 is attached.

A head cover 19 is fixed to the substrate 11 in the cylinder 12 near the piston 13, that is, near the upper end of the cylinder 12, and substantially parallel to the substrate 11.

A hammer 17 can be fitted into and removed from the head cover 19.

In other words, the head cover 19 has a disk shape, for example, which is substantially parallel to the substrate 11, and the periphery thereof is a flange portion 19a that is integrally extended toward the substrate 11 side.

The upper end periphery of the hammer 17 is fitted into the flange 19a.

Further, a ring 21 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the flange 19a to maintain airtightness between the head cover 19 and the upper end of the hammer 1γ.

Since the head cover 19 is held on the substrate 11, support pieces 22 are integrally formed from the substrate 11 side of the flange 19a at approximately equiangular intervals with respect to the axis, as shown in FIG.
The lower end of this support piece 22 is fixed in contact with the substrate 11.

A through hole 2 is provided at the center of the head cover 19 and hammer 17.
3.24 are formed respectively, and these through holes 23.24
The hanging shaft 25 is inserted through.

The upper end of the hanging shaft 25 is fixed to the end plate 14 of the piston 13, and a collar 26 is integrally formed at the end on the substrate side.

A hammer 17 is suspended from the collar 26. Therefore, the through hole 24
The portion of the collar 26 is larger than the portion through which the hanging shaft 25 is inserted.

There are also 01J rings 27 on the inner peripheral surfaces of the through holes 23 and 24, respectively.
．． 28 are provided respectively.

Therefore, the inside of the cylinder 12 and the piston 13 are kept airtight from the outside. Furthermore, when the piston 13 approaches the predetermined value board 11 side, the inside of the cylinder 12 and the head cover 1
A passage is formed between the upper surface of the hammer 17 and the upper surface of the hammer 17.

For this reason, in this example, the diameter of the suspension shaft 25 near the end plate 14 is reduced to form a small diameter portion 2.9.

For example, the hammer 17 is provided with a check valve 33 that opens when the pressure between the pad cover 19 and the upper end surface of the hammer 17 becomes higher than the pressure inside the cylinder 12 by a certain degree.

1. In the case of further repeated control, a means for repeatedly pushing the piston 13 toward the substrate 11 side, for example, in press working, the press ram 32 presses the end plate 14 of the piston 13.
It is installed opposite to.

To operate the hammer 17 with the above configuration, cylinder 1 cylinder 1
Compressed air is sealed into the chamber 2 through a check valve 31.

In this state, for example, if the press ram 32 is lowered, that is, closer to the substrate 11 side, and the piston 13 is pushed into the cylinder 12, the hanging shaft 25 will also be closer to the substrate 11 side, and therefore the hammer 1
7 also tries to descend, but its hammer 17 is airtightly inserted into the head cover 19.
As shown in FIG. 2, a slight gap 34 is formed between the head cover 19 and the hammer 1T, and a negative pressure is created in the gap 34 with respect to the inside of the piston 13, while the hammer 17 is inserted into the head cover 19. The collar 35 is formed with a diameter smaller than that of the other parts. Therefore, the compressed air in the cylinder 12 from the base plate 11 side of the collar 35 acts to shorten the interval 34. In other words, the hammer 17 is
The hammer 17 is held in such a state that the negative pressure in the space 34 and the weight of the hammer 17 are exactly balanced.

Furthermore, as the piston 13 approaches the base plate 11 side and its end plate 14 approaches the helad cover 19, the small diameter portion 2 of the hanging shaft 255
5 is located in the through hole 23, and generally when the press is used, the small diameter portion 29 is located in the through hole 23 when the press ram 32 is near the lowest point at which it can lower.

Therefore, a passage leading through the space 34 and the inside of the cylinder 12 is formed through the small diameter section 29, and through the through hole 23 the hammer 1 is formed.
Compressed air flows into the upper surface of the hammer 17 and the hammer 17 begins to descend. When the hammer 17 passes through the head cover 19 as shown in FIG. is accelerated and descends.

The accelerated hammer 17 imparts kinetic energy to the workpiece provided below, thereby machining it.

When the press ram 32 starts to rise, the compressed air in the cylinder 12 is compressed, so the piston 13 is pushed up, and as the ram 32 rises, it is pushed up to follow, and the hanging shaft 25 rises accordingly. Hammer 17 will also rise.

This upward movement is stopped when the hammer 17 fits into the head cover 19.

The hammer 17 is inserted into the head cover 19 and the distance 34 is
When the pressure at is greater than the pressure within the cylinder 12, the check valve 33 is actuated and air within the gap 34 escapes into the cylinder 12.

Therefore, the hammer 17 rises until it comes into contact with the inner surface of the blade cover 19.

As described above, according to the hammer device according to the present invention, it is possible to compress gas such as air and use the compression force to accelerate the hammer at high speed.

Moreover, its structure is relatively simple. Therefore, for example, if a conventional simple press is used and the piston is controlled by the press ram, high-speed pressing can be performed.

For example, a hammer speed of about 4 m/sec to 10 m/sec can be easily obtained.

In a conventional press, the speed is about 0.2 m/sec, and acceleration of one to two orders of magnitude or more is possible.

In order to make the energy of the compressed gas, that is, the work of the piston, as close as possible to the work of the hammer, the piston 1
The outer diameter of the hammer 17 may be as close as possible to the outer diameter of the hammer 17, that is, the inner diameter of the through hole 16 of the substrate 11.

Also, it is better to provide the check valve 33 on the head cover 19 rather than on something that is movable and subject to impact, such as the hammer 17.

For example, as shown in FIG.
7 is closed by a valve 39 attached to the end of the leaf spring 38, and the other end of the leaf spring 38 is fixed. When the pressure in the gap 34 increases, the valve 39 opens and the cylinder 12 is opened through the small hole 37. The inside and the inside of the interval 34 may be communicated with each other.

Also, when the check valve 33 is close enough to the base plate 11 to form a passage between the inside of the cylinder and the gap 34, instead of the small diameter portion 29, for example, a valve provided on the head cover 19 can be used as a means for forming a passage between the inside of the cylinder and the gap 34. The protrusion may be opened.

In order to guide the hammer 17, the support piece 22 of the head cover 19 can also be used as a guide means so that the outer circumferential surface of the hammer collar 35 is in contact with the support piece 22 of the head cover 19 and guided.

This hammer device can be used not only for press processing but also as a so-called hammer, and the driving means for this device is not limited to a press but may be any device that repeatedly reciprocates the piston 13 by a fixed length.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a hammer device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a head cover thereof, FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining the operation process of this hammer device, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view showing another example of the check valve 33. 11... Board, 12... Cylinder, 1
3... Piston, 14... End plate, 16
...Through hole, 17...Hammer, 19.
...Head cover, 22...Support piece, 2
5... Hanging shaft, 29... Small diameter part, 31,
33... Check valve, 32... Press ram.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder fixed on a substrate, a cylindrical piston installed to fit and slide on the cylinder, with an open surface on the cylinder side and a closed end on the other end, and a piston formed on the substrate. a hammer disposed to be movable in the axial direction inside and outside of the cylinder through a through hole; and a hammer fixed to the substrate between the closed end plate of the piston and the hammer within the cylinder, with the closed end plate side facing a head cover whose closed shaft has a short cylindrical shape and into which the end of the hammer can be fitted and removed; and a head cover which is attached to the closed end plate of the piston and passes through the head cover, a suspension shaft that extends through the shaft and suspends the hammer so that it can move in the axial direction; and means for forming a passage in the cover that communicates between the inside of the piston, the cover, and the hammer when the piston approaches the substrate by a predetermined distance. and a check valve capable of sealing compressed gas in the cylinder.