JPS5817332B2 - Haikigasujiyoukasouchi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for purifying exhaust gases, particularly automobile exhaust gases.

Exhaust gas from internal combustion engines used in automobiles and other vehicles contains moisture, carbon, oil, and other HC, CO1N Ox, and 802
In recent years, it has become important to remove these harmful gases, especially from the perspective of pollution prevention.

Many devices have been proposed to remove various harmful substances from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, and they mainly remove carbon, oil (oil mist), or unburned gas from the exhaust gas. This is a type of combustion in which the components are re-burned, especially in the presence of a catalyst.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance exhaust gas purification device based on the principle of mechanochemically removing harmful components contained in exhaust gas, unlike such conventional reburning exhaust gas purification methods and devices. It is said that

Such an object, according to the present invention, includes a housing defining a substantially cylindrical space, a cylindrical wire mesh that divides the cylindrical space into an inner cylindrical space and an outer annular space along its axis, and a housing that defines a substantially cylindrical space. a star-shaped cross-section cylindrical wire mesh that divides an annular space into a plurality of block spaces extending in the axial direction; a gas inlet provided at one end of the housing for introducing gas into one end of the inner cylindrical space; a gas outlet [1] substantially opening on the entire surface of the other end of the housing in order to lead the gas in the inner cylindrical space out of the housing; This is accomplished by an exhaust gas purification device having a gas deflection device that deflects the gas flow.

According to this configuration, when exhaust gas is introduced into the housing from the gas inlet, the exhaust gas is rapidly expanded within the housing and is cooled, so that the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas is condensed. When they condense into water droplets, they trap or adsorb carbon, oil, and other components contained in the exhaust gas.

Then, while the exhaust gas is turned into a swirling flow in a direction across the cylindrical wire mesh or the star-shaped cross-section cylindrical wire mesh by the gas deflection device and flows from one end of the housing toward the other end, the cylindrical wire mesh and the star-shaped cross-section By repeatedly passing through the cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh, the aggregated water droplets are struck on the surface of the wire mesh and captured on the surface of the wire mesh, and at the same time, carbon, oil, and other organic components are also captured on the surface of the wire mesh. .

In particular, the carbon trapped on the solid surface together with moisture acts as an adsorbent that adsorbs harmful components such as other harmful gases, thereby helping to purify the exhaust gas.

In addition, the substances containing carbon, oil, and other components that are coagulated and captured along with moisture have a chemical effect on the exhaust gas flowing across them, and have the ability to ionize and capture various components in the exhaust gas. Therefore, the exhaust gas from which harmful components have been removed and purified is led out of the housing from a gas outlet that opens substantially over the entire surface of the other end of the housing.

Therefore, the exhaust gas discharge resistance is small, and the exhaust performance is less likely to be adversely affected.

According to an additional feature of the present invention, in the exhaust gas purification device as described above, the plurality of block spaces partitioned by the star-shaped cross-section cylindrical wire mesh have a cylindrical filter element along the axis thereof. It may be of a structure equipped with

With such an additional feature, the exhaust gas passes through the cylindrical filter element while swirling in the housing as described above, and the harmful components contained in the exhaust gas are removed from the cylindrical filter. Elements: Since these elements are also captured, the purification performance of exhaust gas can be further improved.

The cylindrical filter element may have a structure in which the inner cylinder part of a cylindrical wire mesh is filled with alkali glass fibers. It captures substances containing fine particles of carbon, oil, and other components that were not captured by the wire mesh, and also reacts with and adsorbs SO□ contained in the exhaust gas, making the exhaust more completely clean. get closer to

The attached drawings show one embodiment of the exhaust gas purification device according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a side view of the device partially cut away in longitudinal section, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the device. 3 is a left side end view of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

As shown in the figure, the exhaust gas purification device according to the present invention includes a housing 1 defining a substantially cylindrical space, one end of the housing 1 being closed by an end plate 2. A gas port 3 for introducing exhaust gas is provided in the center thereof.

The other end of the housing 1 is closed by a lid member 5 which is removably attached by a fastener 4, and the end face of the lid member 5 is shown in FIG. As shown, almost the entire surface is opened,
There is a gas outlet 6.

Further, within the cylindrical space defined by the housing 1, there is a cylindrical wire mesh 10 that divides the space into an inner cylindrical space 8 and an outer annular space 9 along its axis, and an outer annular space 9.
A plurality of block spaces 11, 11, extending in the axial direction.
A wire mesh structure consisting of a star-shaped cylindrical wire mesh 12 divided into... is attached.

The star-shaped cylindrical wire mesh 12 has a star-shaped cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh 12 in the illustrated embodiment (in this case, six stainless steel rods 13 are used to form the inner peripheral surface of the star-shaped mountain portion, and six stainless steel rods 14 are also used to form the star-shaped cross-section). The inner circumferential surfaces of the troughs are respectively supported, and these rods contact the annular frame is, is, which contacts the inner circumferential surface of the housing 1 at both ends, and the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical wire mesh 10. An annular frame body 17.18 that also has the function of supporting
are connected to each other to form a star-shaped cross-section.

Furthermore, in the inner cylindrical space 8 in the cylindrical wire mesh 10, as shown in FIG. The exhaust gas flowing from the gas port 3 is formed into a swirling flow across the wire meshes 10 and 11.

Further, a cylindrical wire mesh 21 is provided in each of the plurality of block spaces 11 divided by the front star-shaped cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh 12.
A cylindrical filter element 23 filled with alkali glass fibers 22 is disposed in the inner cylindrical portion of the filter.

The cylindrical wire mesh 10 is preferably a wire mesh of about 5 meshes made of, for example, stainless steel, and the star-shaped cylindrical wire mesh 12 is preferably a wire mesh of about 8 meshes.

Further, the wire mesh 21 of the cylindrical filter element 23 may be suitable for supporting the glass fiber 22.6 In the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention, for example, exhaust gas from a diesel engine is introduced from the gas inlet. Then, the exhaust gas crosses the cylindrical wire mesh 10 by the gas deflection element 20, becomes a swirling flow that swirls in the circumferential direction in the outer annular space 9, and flows in the housing 1 in the axial direction thereof.

In the process of such swirling flow, the exhaust gas repeatedly crosses the star-shaped cross-section cylindrical wire mesh 12 and the cylindrical filter element 23, and each time the exhaust gas crosses the fixed surface of the wire constituting the wire mesh 12 and the glass fiber surface of the cylindrical filter element 23. will be repeatedly attacked.

In addition, the exhaust gas that has flowed into the housing 1 through the gas inlet is rapidly expanded due to the rapid expansion of the space, and is also rapidly expanded and cooled at the same time as heat is dissipated from the periphery of the housing 1. As a result, the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas condenses and aggregates to form fine water droplets.

During the formation of such water droplets, carbon contained in the exhaust gas (
Soot), oil (oil mist), and other substances are trapped in the water droplets, and at the same time as the water droplets hit the wire surface and the glass fiber surface that make up the gold sand, they are captured on these surfaces -H. At the same time, SO2 in the exhaust gas reacts with the alkali glass fiber 22 and is adsorbed thereto.

Thus, the purified exhaust gas, in which harmful substances such as carbon, oil, SO□, etc. be done.

In the exhaust gas purification device configured as described above, the diameter of the cylindrical space of the housing 1 is 220 mg, and the axial length is 720 m.
m, the cylindrical wire mesh 10 is made of 5 meshes of wire mesh with a wire diameter of 1 m 1 rt and has an inner diameter of 75 lines, and the star-shaped cross section cylindrical wire mesh 12 is formed into the shape shown in the figure with 8 meshes of wire mesh of 1 ml rt of wire diameter, and a block is formed. Each space 11 is equipped with a cylindrical filter element made of alkali glass fiber and installed on an unmaintained 8-ton diesel engine with a black smoke emission rate of 50% or more. When a smoke collection test was conducted, the light reflectance was significantly reduced from an average of 53 coefficients to an average of 28% due to black smoke adhering to the measuring paper before the purification device was installed.

According to the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention as described above, moisture, carbon, water, and other harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas are mainly captured by the mechanical enveloping action based on the above-mentioned condensation and coagulation. Carbon and other substances are effectively captured by mechanical and chemical actions such as the adhesion action and ionization action of a layer formed by adhering to a solid surface.

In addition, the exhaust gas whose harmful substances have been captured and purified as described above is discharged from the housing through the gas outlet which is opened on almost the entire surface of one end of the housing. This does not cause a decrease in the performance of the internal combustion engine.

In addition, if a cylindrical filter element made of alkali glass fiber or the like is provided in each block space divided by a star-shaped cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh, the glass fiber will remove extremely fine moisture, carbon, oil, and other harmful substances. It is possible to capture and adsorb harmful gases such as SO2, thereby improving the removal rate of harmful components.

In addition, the substances trapped and accumulated on the cylindrical and star-shaped cross-sectional wire meshes and filter elements due to the above-mentioned trapping action are removed from the housing 1 by removing the aforementioned fastening fittings 4 and removing the wire meshes, etc., together with their supporting frame. It is easily removed by taking it out and cleaning it, and by performing such timely cleaning, the exhaust gas purification device according to the present invention can operate effectively for a long period of time.

In addition, in such an exhaust gas purification device, exhaust noise is generated due to the rapid expansion of exhaust gas when it flows into the housing from the gas inlet, and the fact that the exhaust gas passes through each wire mesh and filter element. It effectively muffles noise, providing a significant sound reduction effect compared to current mufflers.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view partially cut away and partially longitudinally showing one embodiment of the exhaust gas purification device according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a left side end view of the device shown in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a left side view of the device shown in Figure 1.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along line 111 in the figure, and a three-dimensional view showing an example of the gas deflection device. 1-housing, 2-end surface, 3-gas inlet, 4-fastening fittings, 5-lid member, 6-gas outlet, 8-inner cylindrical space,
9 - outer ring side annular, 10 - cylindrical wire mesh, 11 - block space, 12 - star-shaped cross-section cylindrical wire mesh, 13.14 - rod,
15.16 ~ Annular frame body, 17.18 ~ Annular frame body, 20 ~
Deflection plate element, 21 - wire mesh, 22 - alkali glass fiber, 23 - cylindrical filter element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A housing that defines a substantially cylindrical space, a cylindrical wire mesh that divides the cylindrical space into an inner cylindrical space and an outer annular space along its axis, and a housing that defines the outer annular space. a star-shaped cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh that divides into a plurality of block spaces extending in the axial direction; a gas inlet provided at one end of the housing to introduce gas into one end of the inner cylindrical space; a gas outlet opening substantially on the entire surface of the other end of the housing to lead the gas out of the housing; and deflecting the gas flow so that the gas introduced into the inner cylindrical space crosses each of the wire meshes. 1. An exhaust gas purification device comprising a gas deflection device. 2. A housing that defines a substantially cylindrical space, a cylindrical wire mesh that divides the cylindrical space into an inner cylindrical space and an outer annular space along its axis, and a plurality of wire meshes that extend in the axial direction of the outer annular space. a star-shaped cross-sectional cylindrical wire mesh dividing the block space into a block space; a cylindrical filter element provided in the block space along its axis; and a cylindrical filter element provided at one end of the housing for introducing gas into one end of the inner cylindrical space. a gas inlet provided, a gas outlet provided at the other end of the housing to lead the gas in the cylindrical space out of the housing, and a gas inlet introduced into the inner cylindrical space from each of the wire meshes. and a gas deflection device that deflects the gas flow across the exhaust gas purification device.