JPS5817308B2 - General information - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spinning oil for synthetic fibers for weaving, and more particularly to a spinning oil for synthetic fiber multifilaments suitable for glueless weaving using a water jet loom.

Conventionally, when weaving synthetic fiber multifilaments, polyvinyl alcohol yarn or polyacrylic is added to the warp multifilaments in the weaving preparation process prior to the weaving process in order to give the warp multifilaments a high degree of cohesiveness and appropriate smoothness. Sizing is carried out using a sizing agent such as a sizing agent.

However, this sizing process is complicated, as it requires a subsequent drying process, and in addition, when the sizing-treated multifilament is rubbed by the movement of the heddles and reeds during the weaving process, the warp surface The sizing agent falls off and accumulates on the heddles or reeds, which damages the multifilaments that make up the warp yarns, causing fuzz or yarn breakage.

In order to eliminate this drawback, a method is proposed in which a spinning oil containing the above-mentioned sizing agent is applied during the spinning process instead of sizing in the weaving preparation process (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-16895, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-16895).
6-40486, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-12209, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-36208, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-1444), and a method of applying a spinning oil to improve cohesiveness in the spinning process (
For example, Special Publication No. 44-14893, Special Publication No. 45-683
Special Publication No. 47-93, Special Publication No. 47-94, Special Publication No. 7212, Special Publication No. 47-33010, Special Publication No. 47-33011, Special Publication No. 47-33013, Special Publication No. 32317-1971 ) was proposed, but the former causes poor unwinding of the undrawn yarn package and accumulation of sizing agent on the surface of the spinning take-off roller, the drawing bottle of the drawing/twisting machine, the heating plate, various rollers, guides, etc. There are problems with single yarn breakage and fluffing due to this, and although the latter is practical for large items with a single yarn denier of 5 denier or more, it is particularly suitable for weaving from the viewpoint of texture and other aspects. In the case of thin fabrics with a single yarn denier of 3 deniers or less, especially 2.5 deniers or less, there is a drawback that fuzz occurs frequently during weaving and only low-quality woven products can be obtained.

In view of the current situation, the inventors of the present invention have proposed that the sizing treatment in the weaving preparation process is possible even in the case of synthetic fiber multifilament made of fine fibers with a single filament denier of 3 deniers or less, without the drawback of reduced spinning and drawing/twisting operability. As a result of intensive research to produce synthetic fiber multifilament that can be spun without weaving (particularly using a water jet loom), we finally achieved the desired goal by adding a special spinning oil during the spinning process. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides an aqueous spinning oil containing a smoothing agent, an emulsifier, a sizing agent, an antistatic agent, and other components other than water as effective oil components, in which propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are randomly added to the effective oil components. A synthetic fiber spinning oil agent characterized in that a compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 and having a polyether bond chain accounts for 10 to 50% (by weight), and wax and/or silicone oil accounts for 5 to 35% (by weight). .

According to research by the present inventors, the weavability of synthetic fiber multifilament fabrics is closely related to the characteristic values of the warped filaments, and abrasion resistance and cohesiveness are important factors governing weavability. It has been found.

That is, no matter how good the cohesiveness is, if the abrasion resistance is poor, or conversely, no matter how excellent the abrasion resistance is, if the cohesiveness is poor, favorable weavability cannot be obtained.

Here, weavability refers to the frequency at which the loom stops due to some trouble occurring during weaving, and means that the less frequently the loom stops, the better the weaving performance is.

In many cases, the loom stops during weaving due to fuzz generation due to single warp yarn breakage, which causes poor shedding of the loom and eventually causes the loom to stop.

Single thread breakage of warp threads during weaving occurs due to friction between warp threads due to the movement of the heddles and reeds, and friction between warp threads and the metal part of the threads, which causes the multifilament single threads that make up the warp threads to become frayed, come apart, or get tangled. It mainly occurs by doing.

When weaving in a water jet loom, friction between the warp threads and the metal parts of the weld occurs mainly in a wet state, so in this case, abrasion resistance in a wet state is required in addition to abrasion resistance in a dry state. .

The spinning oil according to the present invention provides filaments with excellent abrasion resistance and good cohesiveness in both dry and wet states, so there is no need for sizing treatment in the weaving preparation process. To provide a synthetic fiber multifilament that provides excellent weavability.

In the case of a polyester multifilament having a single filament denier of 3 deniers or less, a particularly high degree of cohesiveness is required. Therefore, after applying the spinning oil according to the present invention, the multifilament is heated, or the multifilament is heated as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-12230. A so-called interlacing process in which the single filaments constituting the multifilament are intertwined by a fluid jet process, as known from Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-1175, etc., is carried out at any step between the spinning process and the weaving process. ,
After weaving, extremely excellent weavability can be obtained even under severe weaving conditions.

In the present invention, the compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 and having a polyether bond chain in which propylene oxide and chemical oxide are randomly added includes aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, aliphatic amines, alkyl-substituted phenols, fatty acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, etc. A random adduct of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide obtained by randomly adding a mixture of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide to a compound having active hydrogen such as Among them, those having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000.

This compound has the effect of improving the abrasion resistance and convergence between filaments especially in a dry state. Those with a molecular weight of less than 1,000 have a poor abrasion resistance imparting effect, and those with a molecular weight of more than 1.5,000. This is not preferable because it reduces the smoothness of the filament and makes it difficult to dissolve the filament.

Further, the molar ratio of propylene oxide to ethylene oxide is preferably in the range of 0.25 to 4 ethylene oxide to 1 part propylene oxide, particularly from the viewpoint of water solubility, dispersibility, and viscosity.

Among others, in the present invention, butanol, diethylene glycol,
Propylene oxide-ethylene oxide random adducts of glycerin, sorbitol and oleyl alcohol are preferred.

The wax in the present invention can be selected from a wide variety of water-insoluble waxes, including paraffin wax, oxidized microcrystalline wax, carnauba wax, and beeswax.

Mention may be made of natural and synthetic waxes such as bran wax, polyethylene oxide, and suaryl behenate.

In the present invention, among these waxes, in particular, the melting point is 45 to 140.
℃ is preferred.

Further, examples of silicone oils suitable for the present invention include dimethylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogen polysiloxane, phenylmethylpolysiloxane, epoxy resin-modified silicone, polyoxyethylene-modified silicone, fatty acid-modified silicone, and the like.

In particular, silicone oils with a viscosity of 4000 Stokes or less (measured at 25° C.) are preferred.

The wax and silicone oil in the present invention have the effect of improving the abrasion resistance against metal of the synthetic fiber multifilament serving as the warp in a wet state, and of the compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 having polyether bond chains to which propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are randomly added. This has the effect of improving smoothness and water resistance.

Synthetic fiber spinning oils usually contain mineral oil and smoothing agents such as higher fatty acid esters, emulsifiers mainly composed of surfactants, sizing agents, antistatic agents, etc., in addition to water, which is a dispersion medium. There is, though.

The spinning oil of the present invention is an aqueous spinning oil containing these water-based components as effective oil components, and is a compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000 and having a polyether bond chain to which propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are randomly added, wax and/or or silicone oil as an effective oil component, and the blending ratio is a polyether bond chain with randomly added propylene oxide and ethylene oxide with a molecular weight of 1000 to 1.
5000 compounds in active oil ingredients 10-50 (by weight)
%, wax and/or silicone oil account for 5 to 35% (by weight) of the active oil component.

If the proportion of the former in the effective lubricant component is less than 10% (by weight), the effect of improving the abrasion resistance between filaments and the cohesiveness of the filaments in a dry state will not be sufficient (on the contrary, if the proportion of the former is less than 10% (by weight) )% is not preferable because the smoothness of the filament decreases.

In addition, the proportion of the latter in the active oil component is 5% (by weight).
If it is less than 35% (by weight), the effect of improving the abrasion resistance of the filament against metal in a wet state will not be sufficient, and conversely, if it exceeds 35% (by weight), it will be difficult to obtain a stable oil emulsion and the oil component will adhere to the wept part. The tendency of accumulation becomes a problem, and the abrasion of the stretching bin becomes a cause of deterioration in the operability of stretching and twisting.

The synthetic fibers targeted by the present invention are synthetic fiber multifilaments obtained by melt-spinning thermoplastic synthetic linear polymers such as polyester and polyamide by conventional methods, and are particularly polyethylene terephthalate-based fibers with a single filament denier of 3 deniers or less. It is a polyester multifilament.

The method of applying the spinning oil of the present invention to such synthetic fiber multifilaments can be carried out by applying the spinning oil to melt-spun cooled undrawn yarn using an oiling roller in a conventional manner.

As described above, the present invention provides a synthetic fiber multifilament that can be woven without reducing the spinning and drawing/twisting operability even in the case of a synthetic fiber multifilament with a single filament denier of 3 deniers or less, and without sizing treatment in the weaving preparation process. The present invention provides a synthetic fiber multifilament spinning oil suitable for glueless weaving using a water jet loom.

Next, examples will be shown.

In the examples, the dry yarn-system abrasion resistance, the wet yarn-metal abrasion resistance, the degree of entanglement, and the number of fluffs generated during weaving are values measured by the methods described below.

(a) Dry yarn-system abrasion resistance Using a new rubbing tester manufactured by Toyo Seiki, tensile load was 500 g, number of spinning wheels was 1 multifilament, and crossing angle was 40.
The number of twists is 1.5 times, the number of frictions is 100 times, and the number of frictions is shown as the number of times of friction (average value of 20 measurements) until wear occurs at 7 m1n and single thread fuzz occurs.

(b) Wet yarn - Metal abrasion resistance 1.5mm thick stainless steel rectangular flat plate (13mm x 3
0 mm) are joined to one rotating shaft (diameter 4 mrIl) with one end of the long axis of the rectangular flat plate facing each other so that the plane of the rectangular flat plate is parallel to the rotating axis, and the rectangular flat plate is The rotation axis and the unjoined long axis end are each set to have a radius of curvature of 0.
Using a propeller-type thread-metal rotating friction device cut to 75 mm, one multifilament was wound around the rectangular flat plate of this rotating friction device with a tensile load of 302 perpendicular to the rotation axis, and water was applied every 2 minutes. While spraying, this rotary friction device was rotated at a speed of 150 times/min to rub the multifilament and the edge circumferential surface of the rectangular flat plate. Average value measured).

e→ Degree of entanglement A single multifilament with a length of 100 CrrL is hung vertically with a load (unit?) equivalent to 1/10 of the multifilament applied to its lower end, and the multifilament is divided into two at ICrrL from above. A thin needle is inserted into it, and a load (unit: 'iI) corresponding to the average single yarn denier of the multifilament is suspended at both ends of the needle.
The load is dropped at a speed of 2 CrIL/sec, and the falling distance (771) to the point where the fall stops is read.

This operation is repeated 50 times for a similar sample, and if the average value of the falling distance is x, it is expressed as 00, degree of entanglement -1: -.

x) Number of fuzz generated during weaving 122 (expressed as the number of fuzz generated per 100 m of m-wide woven fabric).

Example 1 Intrinsic viscosity 0.62 (phenol/
Polyethylene terephthalate (measured at 30°C in a mixed solvent of tetrachloroethane-6/4) was melt-spun at 290°C through a spinneret with 24 holes, and after cooling and solidifying the spun filament, the following was prepared using an oiling roller. 4 shown in
Seven types of spinning oils (I to I) prepared by blending the aqueous oil emulsions of seeds (A-D) (concentration scale: 10% (by weight)) in the proportions shown in Table 1 (all parts by weight) were attached to 1050
It was wound up at a winding speed of m/-.

A. Wax emulsion (effective oil component ■0 (weight)
%) Effective oil component composition Paraffin wax (melting point 125'F) 40 parts Oxidized microcrystalline wax 10/Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (2011 product with 2 moles of ethylene oxide added) Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (2011 products with 20 moles of ethylene oxide added) B. Silicone emulsion (active oil component 10% (by weight)) Effective oil component composition Dimethylpolyfujixa 7 (viscosity 10 Stokes at 50 parts at 25°0) Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether 5o7 full C, propylene oxide and ethylene Random adduct emulsion of oxide (10% (by weight) of active oil ingredients)
) Effective oil component composition Propylene oxide-ethylene oxide random adduct of butanol (molecular weight 5000. Equimolar adduct of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide) D. Mineral oil emulsion (effective oil component 10% (by weight)
) Effective oil component composition Mineral oil (red ura at 30℃, 5-tone viscosity 1
00 seconds) Polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (addition of 3 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 moles of ethylene oxide) Polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (addition of 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 moles of ethylene oxide) Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (addition of 4 moles of ethylene oxide 15〃 (3) Sodium cetyl sulfonate (7 types of undrawn yarn obtained by
Filaments drawn 34 times at 0°C, heat set at 180°C, and then coated with lubricants A, K, H, II, H, H, and G are drawn between a twisting device using a draw roller and a ring spindle. Using an interlace machine similar to that shown in Figure 3 of Publication No. 12230, compressed air was injected to intertwine the single yarns, which were then wound up using a ring spindle type twisting machine.

In addition, the undrawn yarn obtained by adding an oil opening was separately heated to a winding diameter of 200 twists/m.

Next, these 7 types of drawn yarn samples (all 50 denier/24 filaments) were warped without sizing, and the so-called ordinary polyethylene terephthalate multi was produced using ordinary spinning oil and without interlacing. Using filament (50 denier/24 filament) as weft, welded in a water jet loom with warp density of 40 threads/weft, weft density of 36.6 threads/cm, and width of 12.2C.
It was woven into rrL plain weave taffeta.

Various characteristic values and weavability of this drawn yarn are shown in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 2, multifilaments (samples A1 to 3) obtained by applying the oil of the present invention (A to 3)
The yarn using this material has excellent dry yarn-based abrasion resistance and wet yarn-metal abrasion resistance, and has very good weavability with little fuzz generation during weaving.

On the other hand, multifilaments (samples A4 to 6 and 7) obtained by applying comparative oils (2 to E) that do not belong to the present invention and conventional oils (G) have a high dry thread-based abrasion resistance and Either or both of the thread-metal abrasion resistance is low, and the weaving properties are far inferior to those to which the oil of the present invention has been applied.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an aqueous spinning oil containing smoothing agents, emulsifiers, sizing agents, antistatic agents, and other components other than water as effective oil components, polyether bond chains to which propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are randomly added in the effective oil components. A compound with a molecular weight of 1000 to 15000 has 10
A spinning oil agent for synthetic fibers, characterized in that wax and/or silicone oil account for 5 to 35% (by weight).