JPS5817241A - Initial set load adjusting device for hanging spring in hydraulic buffer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a hydraulic buffer having an adjusting device on the outer periphery of a piston which can be improved in work efficiency by bringing a stopper into engagement with an arbitrary tooth of a ratchet mechanism by means of a driving member such as hydraulic member to set initial load of a hanging spring. CONSTITUTION:When oil pressure or air pressure is supplied to a pressure chamber 18, a piston 13 is moved to the left resisting tension of a hanging spring 8, so that the piston 13 forces a push rod 21 and a stopper 11 to move. When the stopper 11 engages with a tooth (a), and oil pressure or air pressure is let out of the pressure chamber 18, the stopper 11 is suspended at that position to set initial load. In order to insengage the stopper 11 from the tooth (a), pressure is conducted to the pressure chamber 18, and the piston 13 is moved to the left at maximum, so that a taper surface P causes the stopper 11 to move to the outer periphery side to be engaged with the push rod 21. In such a condition, the push rod 21 is moved to the right at maximum so as to bring the stopper 11 into collision with the left end surface to be restored to its initial state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber.

As shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-5948, a conventional method for adjusting the spring load of this kind of conventional rear cushion unit for two-wheeled vehicles is such that an outer cylinder is extendably arranged around the outer periphery of a sill, and a spring guide of this outer cylinder is used. A spring is interposed between the spring receiver on the piston rod side, and a plurality of cams are formed in a stepped shape at the upper end of the outer cylinder, and a jig is inserted into the boss of the outer cylinder to push the outer cylinder against the spring. Rotate to fit the stopper on the Schilling side to the desired cam,
It is known that the spring load is set according to the height of the cam. In other words, the fitting position of the cam and stopper can be determined depending on whether the υ ear cushion for two-wheeled vehicles is used for one person or two people, or the weight of the rider, and the spring load can be set according to the rider. It looks like this.

Devices using such cams have been widely put into practical use, but in recent years, rear wheel hydraulic shock absorbers used on motorcycles have replaced the hydraulic shock absorbers that were previously installed on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body. Vehicle body structures that require only a single shock absorber have been put into practical use. For this reason, the spring constant of the suspension spring mounted on the hydraulic shock absorber is large, and its initial load is often set larger than that of conventional shock absorbers.

Therefore, when adjusting the initial setting load, the operating force is large and a considerable amount of force is required, resulting in poor workability.

Furthermore, due to the structure of the vehicle body, problems have arisen such as the vehicle body getting in the way when attempting to rotate the cam with a screwdriver or the like.

Therefore, as a solution to these drawbacks, the tension of the spring can be adjusted hydraulically, and the adjustment can be done while riding the motorcycle, making the adjustment process simple and speedy and does not require a large amount of manual force. A spring load adjustment device for the rear cushion unit has also been developed.

This hydraulic adjustment device uses a pump to guide hydraulic pressure to a hydraulic sill formed on the outer periphery of a hydraulic shock absorber, sets the hydraulic sill at a certain position using this oil pressure, and adjusts the spring load. but.

This hydraulic type has the drawback of being unreliable, as the spring load is constantly acting on the hydraulic circuit while the motorcycle is running, which can cause oil leakage and reduce the initial set load of the suspension spring. Therefore, in order to solve this conventional drawback, a device for adjusting the initial setting load of a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber has recently been developed (Japanese Patent Application No. 77252/1982), which requires a small operating force and is highly reliable without oil leakage. The structure of this device is to compress the suspension spring to a predetermined position using fluid pressure or gas pressure, set the position corresponding to the initial setting load using a positioning member such as a cam in this state, and then release the pressure to compress the suspension spring. It is configured to be mechanically held at the set position.

However, this device requires a process to compress the suspension spring to a predetermined position, a process to set the positioning member on the fang 2 to the desired position, and a process to release pressure on the fang 3, resulting in a large number of work steps. , the workability is poor.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber suitable for use in a motorcycle's υ ear cushion unit, etc., which requires a small operating force, can adjust the initial load of the spring with one touch without oil leakage, and has significantly improved workability. An object of the present invention is to provide an initial setting load adjustment device.

For this purpose, the present invention has a ratchet mechanism consisting of a plurality of teeth, a stopper that removably engages with the ratchet mechanism, and a drive member that moves the stopper or the ratchet mechanism, and the drive member moves the stopper to the ratchet mechanism. The initial load of the suspension spring corresponding to the position of the stopper or ratchet mechanism is set by engaging any tooth of the suspension spring.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The hydraulic shock absorber (AJ) according to the present invention has a piston rod (2) slidably inserted into a sill (1) via a piston, and a bracket (3) is fixed to the right end of the sill (1). , and a bracket (4) is fixed to the outer end of the piston rod (2), and these brackets (3> (
4), a hydraulic shock absorber (1) is installed, for example, between the rear wheel side of a motorcycle and the vehicle body side.

A spring seat (5) is slidably inserted into the outer circumference of the cylinder f1.1, and a spring seat (6) and a cushion member (7) are inserted into the left end of the piston rod (2).
A suspension spring (8) is interposed between the spring seats f5) (61) to constantly urge the piston rod (2) in the direction of extension.

Spring seat (5) on the outer periphery of the sill (1)
A suspension spring initial setting load adjusting device (9) according to the present invention is interposed on the right side.

This adjustment device (9) includes a ratchet mechanism 1101 consisting of a plurality of teeth (α) (A) - - (yLl) and a tapered surface (P), and teeth (α) (
b) A drive consisting of a stopper (11) that selectively engages with one of the taper surfaces (P) and a sill (12) and a piston (131) that move the stoppers all left and right. It consists of parts ■.

Ratchet mechanism (IG is welded to the outer circumference of the shilling rll)
It is formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve (16) fixed with 151 or the like.

The left end of the sleeve (161) is in contact with the right end surface of the spring seat (5) when the suspension spring (8) is fully extended.
)(Al −1−−(rL) and the tapered surface (P) form a tapered surface on the right side, and the teeth (α)(Al −−−1−(r
The left end of L) is formed at a right angle, and the teeth (α) (b) ---
--The diameter of the tapered surface (P) is larger than the diameter of (L).

shilling (121 is sly ``cyv''(161'cyv)
held on the outer periphery along the longitudinal direction via a seal aD;
There is a piston between this sleeve tIe and Schilling (19).
is slidably inserted through the seal (1!J, f2Ql), and a piston (pressure chamber by 131) is defined on the right side of the seal (121).

For example, a cylindrical bushing rod T211 is interposed between the left end of the piston 031 and the right end of the spring seat (5),
This bushing rod 011 has holes (221 (
A stopper (I) is formed in this hole 1221.
ll is inserted, and the stopper (1B is the bushing rod (2)
1) It is possible to move in the normal direction.

The stopper a9 consists of a main body having a triangular cross-section with a tapered surface formed on the left end and a right-angled surface provided on the right end, and a flange (11α) is formed on the outer periphery of this main body.

An elastic ring (rib) is wrapped around the outer periphery of the stopper (11), and the compression force of this ring (23I) normally causes the stopper (
The main body of 11) is pushed in so as to mesh with any one of the teeth (α), (A) and (L). For example, as shown in FIG. 271, in the most extended position of the suspension spring (8), the stopper 111) engages with the rightmost tooth (m).

Next, we will discuss the operation.

In order to change the initial setting load of the suspension spring (8) from the position shown in FIG. 1, the stopper a11 is brought into mesh with the tooth (α) as follows.

When hydraulic or pneumatic pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber (181), the internal pressure of the pressure base moves the piston 0 to the left against the tension of the suspension spring (8), and this piston a3 moves the bushing rod (211 and stopper αB to the left). At this time, the stopper (11) moves the tooth (A) (C1-----(
fL) and stood up while making a clicking sound.
This stopper (11
) finally meshes with tooth (α). At the same time, the piston (1
According to the movement l of 31, the bushing rod (211 moves to the left), this bushing rod (211 moves to the left), the spring seat (5
1 to the left to compress the suspension spring (8).

When the stopper 0D meshes with the tooth (α), when the hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in the pressure chamber is removed, the Butschrodt (21) and the stopper (1) are removed.
1) tries to move to the right due to the restoring force of the suspension spring (8), but
At this time, the stopper (111) is already in contact with the left-hand right angle surface of the tooth (α) and cannot return to its original position and stops.Therefore, the suspension spring (8) also stops when the stopper (11)
) and stops corresponding to the position where it engages with the stopper (
The initial load corresponding to the position 11) will be set. Therefore, the initial load of the suspension spring (8) can be adjusted by selectively engaging one of the teeth of the ratchet mechanism It can be detected by

According to this embodiment, Schilling (13
The initial load of the suspension spring (8) is set by only one step of moving the suspension spring (8) to the left, and work efficiency is significantly improved.

Moreover, since the operating force is based on hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, the operating force is very small.

On the other hand, once stopper (ID to tooth (α) (A) -----
(n-7) Remove the meshed one and use the spear 1.
To return to the most compressed state shown in the figure, proceed as follows.

That is, as shown in Figure 2, when pressure is introduced into the pressure chamber alO and the piston (131 is moved to the left to the maximum), the stopper (11
) rides on the left end tapered surface (P) and moves outward from the outer periphery of the bushing rod CD, in other words, in the normal direction against the ring. At this time, through the right end surface of the hole (221), the right part of the bush rod (211) (2D cast member aυ
At the same time, the flange (11α) engages with the right outer periphery of the bushing rod (21) and does not return to the inside. In this state, when the pressure in the pressure chamber 081 is released, the bushing rod (211), the stopper 0D, and the piston (131) are pushed to the right by the restoring force of the suspension spring (8) and move to the right.The stopper (11) reaches the maximum compression position. When moving to the right, the flange (11
The right end surface of the sill f121 collides with the left end surface of the sill f121, and the stopper (111) stops, but the bushing rod (211) and the piston (131) move further to the right.At this time, the flange (1
1α) is disengaged from the outer surface of the bushing rod (2I), the stopper a11 is pushed radially inward by the compressive force of the ring +231, and the main body of the stopper 01) is disengaged from the tooth (2I).
rL).

The ratchet mechanism (10) shown in Figures 1 and 2 may be provided on the outer periphery of the sleeve (161) all around in the rotational direction, or may be provided at one or more locations.Similarly, the stopper U is a C-shaped ring-shaped Alternatively, it is also possible to use a plurality of holes provided at equal intervals.

FIG. 213 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the stopper side is fixed, and the ratchet mechanism and cylinder side are movable.

That is, a piston (13α) is welded (fixed with 151, etc.) to the outer periphery of the shilling, and a stopper (111) is fitted in the hole (22α) at the left end of the piston (13α) so as to be movable in the radial direction. It is matched.Piston (13α)
On the outer periphery of the seal (1!
12α) and a bushing rod (21α) are inserted movably in the axial direction, and a pressure base surface is defined between the cylindrical cylinder (12α) and the piston (13α).

There are multiple teeth (α) (
h) A ratchet mechanism (10α) with --m--(rL) and a tapered surface (P) is formed, and the stopper (11) selectively engages with this ratchet mechanism (10α). There is.

A projection (5α) having a tapered surface (5h) is provided at the right end of the spring seat (5), and this projection (5α) faces in the direction of the gap between the piston (13α) and the outer tube (1). .

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, when hydraulic or pneumatic pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber α, the shilling (12α) and the bush rod (21
α) moves to the left, and the left end of the bushing rod (21α) pushes the spring seat (5) leftward, thereby compressing the suspension spring (8). At this time, as the bushing rod (21α) moves by the amount of pressure supplied to the pressure chamber αsha, the stopper (111) meshes with one of the teeth (α) (h)-1-(fL). α) (phrase---1-(rL)
, and the tapered surface (P) are in the opposite direction compared to those in Figure 1, and the right-angled surface is on the right side, so when the stopper +11) engages, the spring seat [5] and the push rod (21α) will return to their original positions. The initial load of the suspension spring (8) is set corresponding to the position where the stopper aIJ cannot be returned to the original state and the stopper aIJ engages with the stopper aIJ.

Also, when returning the stopper 0D to the maximum compression position.

Pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber 0, and the stopper Ut+ reaches the tapered surface f.
Move the bushing rod (21α) to the left until it comes into contact with P). At this time, the stopper flu) moves inward from the normal direction along the tapered surface (P), and the piston (flu) moves inward from the normal direction.
The left end (13α) of the stopper 011 is in contact with the left side right angle surface of the stopper 011, and the flange (13α) of the stopper 011 is
1α) engages with the inner circumference of the piston (13α).

Therefore, in this state, the stopper Uυ has teeth (cL) (A)
--- Since it is far away from (2), when the pressure at the pressure chamber α port is released, the restoring force of the suspension spring (8)
1α) and the cylinder (12α) move to the right, and at the same time the spring seat (51 follows them and moves to the right, but near the maximum contraction stroke, the protrusion (5α) hits the flange (11α) of the stopper (1]). However, since a tapered surface (5h) is formed at the corner of the protrusion (11α), as the spring seat [5] moves to the left, this tapered surface (
5h), the stopper (11) is pushed outward, and the fang 3
The stopper (111) returns to the state shown in the figure.

Next, Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a ratchet mechanism is formed in the cylinder. That is, the sleeve f251 is welded (15
1? 'Fixed, Su! J-) Left part of i251 (25(Z
) is formed with a tapered surface (25b). This sleeve (two outer peripheries are connected to the cylinder (12b) through the sealing surface
) The piston (13h) is slidably inserted between the sleeve and the cylinder (12A) via the seal (191201), and a pressure chamber (1 m long) is defined on the right side of the piston (13A). Yes, there is a piston (13h
) and the spring seat (51, for example, a bushing rod (21Q) consisting of a cylindrical body is interposed, and a piston (13h
) to move left and right.

The bushing rod (2xA) has a hole (22b) in the radial direction.
is drilled into the hole (22A), and an upward stopper (
11) is movably inserted.

There are teeth (α) (A) on the inner periphery of the left end of the cylinder (12b).
-----(A ratchet mechanism (IOA) with rLl and a tapered surface (Pi carved) is formed, and this ratchet mechanism (1
A stopper (19) selectively engages with one of the teeth of (16).

In this embodiment, when pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber for 0 seconds, the piston ('13b), bushing rod (21b), and stopper (11) move to the left, and the bushing rod (21A) is suspended by the suspension spring through the spring seat (5). (8) and press the stopper 01 at the position corresponding to the pressure of the pressure chamber (Igl).
1 meshes with one of the teeth (α), (b) -------(fL) and stops, and the initial load of the suspension spring (8) corresponding to the position of this stopper a9 is set.

In addition, when returning the stopper αD to the compressed position, pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber, the bushing rod (21A) is fully extended to the left, the stopper fil) rides on the tapered surface (P), and the bushing rod (21b) ) right end (21i
) The left side surface is in contact with the right right angle surface of the stopper 111, and the flange (11α) is connected to the bushing rod (21A).

21i, and in this state, the pressure in the pressure chamber a is released. As a result, the stopper (11) moves to the right while being hooked to the bushing rod (21A), and near the maximum compression, the right end surface of the flange (11α) comes into contact with the left end of the left end (25α) of the sleeve clamp, and is pushed further. When this occurs, it is guided by the tapered surface (25h) and moves upward, returning to the state shown in Figure 4.

Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a ratchet mechanism is provided on the bushing rod.

That is, a cylinder (12C) is fixed to the outer periphery of the cylinder (fl) by welding [151], and a piston (13C) is inserted into the cylinder (12C) via a seal (1!J cO) so as to be able to slide left and right. (12C) and piston (1
3C) A pressure chamber of 0 seconds is defined between the two.

A bushing rod (21C) is interposed between the piston (13?) and the spring seat (5).
21C) is the piston (13C) and spring seat (5
) so that it slides left and right.

A projection (5C) is provided on the right side of the spring seat (5), which projects in the axial direction along the outer periphery of the cylinder (12C), and this projection (5c) has a tapered surface (5d).
is formed. The outer periphery of Butschrodt (21C) has teeth fα) (h) ------- (rL) and a tapered surface (P
) is provided with a ratchet mechanism (1oc) consisting of teeth (
α) (h) −1−−− (rL) and the tapered surface (P) have a tapered left side surface, and the teeth (α) (z) −−−−
- It is perpendicular to the right side of (n).

A hole (22c) is provided on the left side of the sill ring (12C), and a stopper (11) is movably fitted into this hole (22c).

Next, talking about the operation, from the state shown in Figure 5 to the pressure chamber (
When pressure is supplied to 18), the piston (13c), bushing rod (zlc) and spring seat (51 move to the left,
This compresses the suspension spring (8), causing the ratchet mechanism (
The initial load is set according to the position of the stopper U that meshes with any tooth of 10c). To return from this position to the illustrated forging position, pressure is supplied to the pressure chamber and the bushing rod (21c) is moved to the left to the maximum. At this time, the stopper 01) rises on the tapered surface (P), and the flange (11)
α) is engaged with and held by the left end (12;) of the cylinder (12C). Next, when the pressure in the pressure chamber (181) is released, the repulsive force of the suspension spring causes Butschrodt' (21C) to move to the right, and near the maximum compression, the stopper (ill's flange (11α)
collides with the protrusion (5C), and at this time is guided by the tapered surface (5d) and moves in the radial direction to the illustrated position.

The stoppers (11) shown in Figs. 1 to 5 are compressed in the radial direction by a ring (23) on the outer periphery, but the ring (231) does not necessarily have to be used. May be used.

For example, fang 6 is an embodiment in which a spring is used in place of the ring (231).

That is, in the same adjustment device (9) as in Fig. 5, the ring (2
If a spring is installed instead of 31, the stopper (
11) is cut in half and fitted into the hole (22C) of the silling (12C) so as to be movable in the radial direction, and the bracket ■ (271) is extended from one or both sides of this stopper 01), and this bracket (26) (27) A spring □□□ biased in the compression direction is interposed between them, and the compressive force of the spring mark biases the stopper (11) in the radial direction.Stopper U is the tapered surface fP
), the stopper fill expands outward against the spring +281.

The present invention includes a driving member consisting of a sling and a piston, a bushing rod that interlocks with the driving member, a ratchet mechanism having a plurality of teeth and a tapered surface, and a stopper that selectively engages with the ratchet mechanism. ■The initial load of the suspension spring can be set with a single touch by driving the drive member, which significantly improves work efficiency.■The operating force is only to guide hydraulic or pneumatic pressure to the pressure chamber agl, so manual operation is not required. Since it is not necessary, the operation force is small, and it can be operated remotely.■If the stopper (11) is positioned, the pressure in the pressure chamber can be released for 0 seconds, so there is no possibility of leakage of pressure oil or air pressure during use. This has the effect of preventing accidents, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partially enlarged front view of a hydraulic shock absorber using an adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figures 4 and 5 are partially enlarged longitudinal sectional front views of an adjusting device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional left side view of an adjusting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. . (11... Schilling, (2)... Piston rod. (5)... Spring seat, (8)... Suspension spring, (1o) (loc) (tob) (loc) --- Ratchet Mechanism, al)...Stotsuba, (12) (12α
) (12b) (12C)... Schilling, (13) (
13α) (13h) (13C)... Piston, ■...
・Drive member, (16)...Sleeve, (21) (2
1α) (21A) (21e)...Butschrod, (
231...Ring, 1281...Spring, (5
)...Hydraulic shock absorber, (P)...Tapered surface, (α)(
A) -----1 (rL)...teeth. Representative Patent Attorney Izumi Amano

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A hydraulic shock absorber in which a piston rod is slidably inserted into a cylinder via a piston, and a suspension spring is interposed between the outer circumference of the cylinder and the outer end of the piston rod. A driving member is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder, and a bushing rod and a stopper are installed between the driving member and the spring seat.
A ratchet mechanism is provided, the bushing rod moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the drive member and the spring seat, one of the stopper and the ratchet mechanism is fixed, and the other moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the drive member, and the stopper moves in the axial direction in conjunction with the drive member. An initial setting load adjustment device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber, which engages with an arbitrary position of a ratchet mechanism and sets the initial load of the suspension spring in accordance with the engagement position of a stopper. (2) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the driving member comprises a cylinder and a piston. (3) An initial setting load adjustment device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet mechanism comprises a plurality of teeth and a tapered surface that is longer than the inclined surface of the teeth. (4) An initial setting load adjustment device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet mechanism is formed in a sleeve provided on the inner periphery of the drive member. (5) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet mechanism is formed on a bushing rod. 16) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the ratchet mechanism is provided on the sill of the drive member. (7) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the stopper is provided on the bushing rod. (8) An initial setting load adjustment device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stopper is provided on the sill of the drive member. (9) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stopper is provided on the piston of the driving member. (10) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the stopper is biased in the radial direction by an outer ring. 01) An initial setting load adjusting device for a suspension spring in a hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the stopper is biased in the radial direction by a spring.