JPS5817018Y2 - Brake device in elevator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a brake device for preventing falls provided in a construction elevator.

Self-propelled elevators used for construction work etc. are equipped with a driving electric motor and a pinion rotated by the electric motor on the loading platform, and the pinion engages and rotates a rack installed on the support to move the loading platform along the support. Something that rises or falls.

This type of elevator is equipped with a brake device using a centrifugal brake as a safety device to prevent falling.

This braking device connects a brake pinion that engages with the rack of the support column and a centrifugal brake. When the elevator platform descends rapidly for some reason, the rotational speed of the pinion increases and the centrifugal brake performs a braking action. This stops the elevator from descending.

Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of elevator work, the operation of the brake equipment is tested by rotating the rotating part of the centrifugal brake at necessary times, such as before starting work, to ensure that braking is working properly. It is preferable to inspect and detect failures before they occur.

This operation test is performed when the elevator is stopped; however, when the elevator is stopped, the pinion meshes with the rack and cannot rotate, so the rotating part of the centrifugal brake also cannot rotate.

This makes it impossible to test the operation of the centrifugal brake, which poses a problem in safety inspection of the brake device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a brake device for an elevator in which a brake operation test can be performed by interposing a clutch between a centrifugal brake and a pinion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of an elevator equipped with a brake device.

FIG. 1 shows a long-span type elevator, in which 1 is a loading platform, 2 is a column, 3 is a rack provided on the column 2, 4 is a guide roller provided at both ends of the loading platform 1, and rolls into contact with the column 2. 5 is an electric motor with a reduction gear provided at both ends of the loading platform 1;
is a pinion that is attached to the output shaft of the electric motor 5 and meshes with the rack 3, and the electric motor 5 rotates the pinion 6 to raise and lower the loading platform 1.

Brake devices are provided at both ends of the loading platform 1.

One embodiment of the brake system will be described with reference to FIGS. 3-5.

In the figure, 7 is a rotating shaft, 8 is a rotating body such as a pinion, and 9 is a rotating shaft.
is a centrifugal brake, and 10 is a clutch.

The rotating shaft I is horizontally supported by a bearing 12 attached to a fixture 11 provided at the end of the loading platform 1, and a pinion 8 is fitted to one end (the end on the rack 3 side) via a key 13. The pinion 8 is fitted and fixed to the pinion 8 with a bolt 15 via a presser plate 14.

The pinion 8 is meshed with the rack 3 of the support column 2.

The centrifugal brake 9 is disposed opposite to the other end of the rotating shaft 7, and is housed inside a case 16 provided on the fixture 11.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the centrifugal brake 9 is supported by a case 16 whose other end is open, a lid 16a attached to the open end of the case 16 by screws, and a bearing 17 attached to the case 16. a brake shaft 18 disposed on the same axis as the rotation shaft 7; a rotation boss 20 fitted to the other end of the brake shaft 18 via a key 19; A pair of nails worn 22
, a tension coil spring 23 that is stretched between the ends of the pair of claws 22 and pulls the ends toward the inner circumferential side of the rotating boss 20; a connecting plate 24 that connects the pair of claws 22; A drum 26 that surrounds the outer periphery of the boss 20 and the pawl 22 and is supported on the brake shaft 18 via a bearing 25, and a brake band 2 that surrounds the outer periphery of the drum 26 and is tightened and fixed.
7. Consists of a bolt 28 that is inserted between both ends of the brake band 27 to tighten the brake band 27, and a spring 29 attached to the bolt 28.

When the rotary boss 20 rotates in the clockwise direction A in the figure, when the rotational speed becomes constant, the pair of pawls 22 open toward the outer circumference due to centrifugal force against the spring force of the coil spring 23, and the inside of the drum 26 is opened. When the rotary boss 20 is hooked on the key 26a provided on the circumferential surface and rotates in the counterclockwise direction B, the pair of claws 22
is configured so that it cannot be opened.

Further, the case 16 is provided with a limit switch 30 for stopping the electric motor, facing the tip of the bolt 28.

As shown in FIG. 5, the clutch 10 is provided between the other end of the rotating shaft 7 and one end of the brake shaft 18 so as to be coaxial with both shafts 7 and 18. Drive clutch member 31 attached to the other end. A driven clutch member 32 and both clutch members 3 attached to one end of the brake shaft 18
It is composed of a plurality of rollers 33 interposed between 1° and 32°.

The drive clutch member 31 has a circular drum shape with the driven clutch member 32 side open.

The driven clutch member 32 is arranged concentrically inside the drive clutch member 31, and has a plurality of claws 32a formed at equal intervals in the same direction on the outer circumference, and each of these claws 32a.
It has a plurality of outer circumferential surfaces 32b formed therebetween.

Here, the outer circumferential surface 32b between the two pawls 32a extends from the inner circumferential side to the outer circumferential side from the rear side to the front side with respect to the clockwise direction (lowering direction of the loading platform described later) A of the driven clutch member 32 in the drawing. In other words, the drive clutch member 3
It has an arcuate shape close to the inner circumferential surface of 1.

On the other hand, the inner peripheral surface 31a of the driving clutch member 31 is concentric with the center of the driven clutch member 32, and therefore, between the two pawls 32a of the driven clutch member 32, the outer peripheral surface 32b and the driving clutch member 31 are The gap 34 with the inner circumferential surface 31a becomes narrower in the clockwise direction A.

The rollers 33 are each disposed in a gap 34 between the inner circumferential surface 32b and the outer circumferential surface 31a between the two claws 32a, and have a diameter that is smaller than the rear portion and larger than the front portion in the clockwise direction A of the gap 34. are doing.

Then, when the drive clutch member 31 rotates in the clockwise direction A, the rollers 33 are moved by the inner circumferential surface 31a into the gaps 34 (because the rollers 33 in some gaps 34 located at the lower part of the clutch contact the inner circumferential surface 31a). moving from the wide rear portion to the narrow front portion of the inner circumferential surface 32b.

It is held between 31a.

Therefore, the driving clutch member 31 and the driven clutch member 3
2 rotate all together via rollers 33.

Drive clutch member 31 moves counterclockwise B (loading platform upward direction)
When the roller 33 rotates to the gap 34, contrary to the above case,
Since the driven clutch member 32 moves to the rear side and separates from the inner circumferential surface 31a, the driven clutch member 32 does not rotate.

Furthermore, when the driven clutch member 32 is rotated in the clockwise direction A (loading platform lowering direction), the rollers 33 in the gap 34 are pushed by the claws 32a and try to move from the rear part of the gap 34 to the front part, but the outer peripheral surface 32b, that is, the gap 34 also rotates in the clockwise direction ``A'' together with the driven clutch member 32, so that
The rollers 33 do not move to the front part of the gap 34 but stay at the rear part.

Therefore, the rollers 33 do not come into contact with the inner circumferential surface 31a, and the drive clutch member 31 does not rotate together with the driven clutch member 32.

Note that 47 is a lid of the clutch 10. Thus, the brake device moves up and down as the loading platform 1 moves up and down.

When the loading platform 1 rises, the pinion 8 is connected to the rack 9
1 and rotates in the counterclockwise direction B through the rotating shaft 7.
The drive clutch member 31 also rotates in the same direction.

However, since the clutch 10 does not transmit the rotation of the driving clutch member 31 in the counterclockwise direction B to the driven clutch member 32, the brake shaft 18 also does not rotate and the centrifugal brake 9 does not enter the operating state.

When the loading platform 1 is lowered, the pinion 8 is connected to the rack 3
The drive clutch member 31 rotates in the same direction via the rotating shaft 7.

Since the clutch 10 transmits the rotation of the driving clutch member 31 in the clockwise direction A to the driven clutch member 32, the brake shaft 20 rotates and the centrifugal brake 9 enters the operating state.

If the loading platform 1 rapidly descends for some reason, the rotational speed of the pinion 8 increases and when a predetermined rotational speed change is reached, the pair of pawls 22 open and catch on the key 26a of the drum 26.

Since the drum 26 is tightened and fixed by the band 27, the rotation of the rotary boss 20 and the brake shaft 18 is stopped by the catch of the pawl 22, and the clutch 10,
The rotation of the pinion 8 is stopped via the rotating shaft 7, and the lowering of the loading platform 1 is stopped due to the engagement between the pinion 8 and the rack 3.

In addition, the drum 26 moves slightly as it is pushed by the pawl 22, and the bolt 28 operates the limit switch 30, so the electric motor 5
The drive stops.

Note that, when the loading platform 1 is raised again by the electric motor 5, the pawl 22 of the centrifugal brake 9 returns to its original position.

Furthermore, for example, before the start of elevator work, loading platform 1
A case will be described in which an operation test of the centrifugal brake 9 is performed with the centrifugal brake 9 stopped.

The other end of the brake shaft 18 (the end of the brake shaft 18 on the side opposite to the driven clutch member connection side end) is provided as an engaging portion that engages with a rotating tool for rotating the brake shaft 18 for an operation test. For example, the square hole 18a is formed so as to be located on the central axis.

The lid 16 attached to the open end of the case 16
a, open the case 16, and use the manual handle 35 as a rotating tool for operation testing from the open part of the case 16.
is inserted into and engaged with a square hole 18a formed at the other end of the brake shaft 18.

Here, the manual handle 35 is turned clockwise to rotate the brake shaft 18 in the clockwise direction (lowering direction of the loading platform) A.

In this case, the brake shaft 18 and the driven clutch members 3
2 also rotates in the clockwise direction A, but as described above, in the brake 10, when the driven clutch member 32 rotates in the clockwise direction A, it does not engage with the driving clutch member 31 via the ball 33, so that the driving clutch member 31 It doesn't rotate.

That is, when the loading platform 1 is stopped, the pinion 8 cannot rotate due to engagement with the rack 3, so the rotating shaft 7 and the drive clutch member 3
1 cannot rotate, but since the driven clutch member 32 does not engage with the driving clutch member 31, it independently rotates in the clockwise direction A without being hindered by the stopped driving clutch member 31.
Rotate to .

Therefore, even if the loading platform 1 is stopped, the driven clutch member 32
Since the centrifugal brake 9 can rotate the brake shaft 18 and the rotary boss 20, an operation test can be performed.

When the brake shaft 18 and the rotary boss 20 are rotated in the clockwise direction A to increase their rotational speed, the pair of pawls 22 open due to centrifugal force and engage with the key 26a of the drum 26 to perform a predetermined braking operation. Check to see if it is carried out.

After that, insert the manual handle 35 into the square hole 18 of the brake shaft 18.
a and attach the lid 16a to the case 16.

In this manner, the operation of the centrifugal brake 9 is tested.

6 through 8 show other embodiments of the brake device of the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIGS. 3 through 5 are given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a rotating shaft 36 is used in which the rotating shaft to which the pinion 8 is attached and the brake shaft of the centrifugal brake 9 are integrated.

In the clutch 10, as shown in FIG. 8, the drive clutch member 3T has a plurality of pawls 37a spaced at equal intervals on the outer periphery, and a plurality of outer circumferential surfaces 37b are formed between these pawls 37a. be.

The outer circumferential surface 37b is an arcuate surface curved from the outer circumferential side to the inner circumferential side between the rear side and the front side with respect to the clockwise direction A.

The driven clutch member 38 is a rotary boss 41 of the centrifugal brake 9.
The drive clutch member 37 has a circular drum shape that surrounds the outer circumferential side of the drive clutch member 37.

The rollers 39 are interposed in a gap 40 between the outer peripheral surface 37b of the driving clutch member 37 and the inner peripheral surface 38a of the driven clutch member 38.

In the centrifugal brake 9, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotary boss 41 is supported on the rotary shaft 37 by a bearing 42, and a driven clutch member 38 is integrally formed at one end and connected thereto.

A pair of pawls 22 are pivotally attached to a pin 21 attached to the other end of the rotary boss 41, and a coil spring 23 and a connecting plate 24 are connected to the pawls 22.

A drum 43 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the pair of claws 22, and a band 27 is tightened on this drum 26.

Note that 44 is a case, 45 is a bearing, and 46 is a lid.

Then, when the loading platform 1 is raised, the pinion 8 and the rotating shaft 36
When the drive clutch member 37 rotates in the counterclockwise direction B, the rollers 33 come off and the rotation is not transmitted to the driven clutch member 38, so the rotation boss 41 does not rotate and the centrifugal brake 9
doesn't work.

When the drive clutch member 37 rotates in the clockwise direction A when the loading platform 1 is lowered, the driven clutch member 38 rotates via the rollers 39, so the rotation boss 41 rotates and the centrifugal brake 9 is rotated.
is ready for action.

Furthermore, when performing an operation test of the centrifugal brake 9, the pin 21 provided at the other end of the rotary boss 41 (the end opposite to the end on the driven clutch member connection side) is engaged with the rotary tool for operation test. This pin 211) is used as an engaging part to
The tip of a rotating tool for operation testing, such as a manual handle (not shown), is fitted and engaged with the other end.

Then, use the manual handle to turn the rotary boss 41 clockwise (
(Lowering direction of loading platform) Rotate in direction A.

In this case, the driven clutch member 38 together with the rotating boss 41
rotates, but the rollers 39 come off and the drive clutch member 37
Rotation is not transmitted to.

Therefore, the rotary boss 41 rotates separately from the drive clutch member 37, and the operation of the centrifugal brake 9 can be tested.

The advantage of this embodiment is that it uses a rotating shaft 36 in which the rotating shaft to which the pinion is attached and the brake shaft are integrated, so the assembly work of arranging both shafts separately on the same axis is troublesome and accuracy is reduced. can be resolved.

In addition, in this embodiment, if the rotating shaft 36 is divided into a pinion-side rotating shaft and a brake shaft, and a protrusion is formed on one of the mutually opposing end surfaces of both shafts, and a recess is formed on the other, the two shafts can be combined. Both shafts can be easily and accurately combined on the same axis.

In this case, the brake shaft and the rotary boss are fixed to each other, and the rotating tool for operation test is engaged with the protrusion or square hole provided on the other end of the brake shaft. The operation of the centrifugal brake can be tested by rotating the key device.

As mentioned above, the clutch may be configured as a one-way rotating clutch in which one of the driving and driven clutch members is drum-shaped and the other has a pawl and an outer circumferential surface, with rollers interposed between the two. Preferably, the rotation of the pinion in the downward direction of the loading platform is basically transmitted to the centrifugal brake, and the driven clutch can rotate together with the rotating part of the brake when testing the operation of the centrifugal brake.

The rotation may be transmitted to the centrifugal brake when the loading platform is raised.

The centrifugal brake performs a braking operation when the platform is lowered.

This brake device is applicable not only to long-span type elevators but also to self-propelled elevators in general, and even to wire-suspended elevators.

As explained above, the brake device for the elevator of the present invention is equipped with a centrifugal brake to prevent the loading platform from falling, and when the loading platform is stopped, the operation of the centrifugal brake can be easily tested and inspected, and the brake can be inspected. Elevator work can be performed safely by preventing breakdowns.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of an elevator equipped with a brake device, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the brake device of the present invention, Figure 5 is a front view showing the centrifugal brake, Figure 5 is a front view showing the clutch, Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the elevator system, Figure 7 is a front view showing the centrifugal brake, Figure 8 is a front view showing the clutch. 1... Loading platform, 2... Support column, 3...
... Rack, 5 ... Electric motor, 6 ... Pinion, 7 ... Rotating shaft, 8 ... Pinion, 9 ... Centrifugal brake , 10...Clutch, 18...Brake shaft, 20...
・Rotating boss, 22... pawl, 26... drum, 27... band, 30... switch, 31... drive clutch member , 32...
... Driven clutch member, 33 ... Roller, 35
・・・・・・Manual handle, 36・・・Rotation axis,
37... Drive clutch member, 38...
Driven clutch member, 39... Roller, 41...
...Rotating boss.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an elevator in which a loading platform moves up and down along a support column, there is provided a rotating body that engages or rotates with the support column and rotates in the upward and downward directions of the loading platform, a rotating shaft to which this rotating body is attached, and a drive clutch connected to this rotating shaft. A clutch member having a member and a driven clutch member that engages and disengages with the driving clutch member and that engages with and transmits rotation to the driven clutch member when the driving clutch member rotates in the downward direction of the loading platform, and is connected to the driven clutch member. It has a rotating body, and is equipped with a centrifugal brake that performs a braking operation when the rotational speed of the rotating body reaches a high speed when the rotating body rotates in the downward direction of the loading platform,
The rotary body of this centrifugal brake is provided with an engaging portion that engages with a rotating tool for rotating the rotary body for an operation test at an end opposite to the driven clutch member connection side end, and the clutch A brake device for an elevator, wherein a driven clutch member does not engage with the driving clutch member when the driven clutch member is rotated in the downward direction of the platform due to rotation of the rotating body of the centrifugal brake.