JPS58167217A - Axle locking means in industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the safery of a car body by allowing an axle to be rocked when the same is inclined with respect to a frame of a car body and by locking the axle with respect to the frame when the frame thereof and the axle are parallel and a fork is loaded. CONSTITUTION:A pressure sensitive conductor rubber 14 which is disposed at the bottom of a lift cylinder 7 detects a heavy load on a fork 8 and sends a signal to a discrimnation circuit 16, while a potentiometer 21 which is disposed between a frame 1 and a rear axle 3 detects inclination of the axle 3 and sends a signal to the discrimination circuit 16. A locking cylinder 26 is interposed between the frame 1 and the rear axle 3 via a lock lever 31 and both chambers 32 and 33 of the cylinder 26 are connected to each other through a pipe 34 which has a solenoid valve 35. According to a signal from the discrimination circuit 16, the solenoid valve 35 is controlled to allow the axle 3, if inclined, to rock or to fix the axle 3 with respect to the frame when it is parallel to the axle 3 and the fork 8 is loaded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to an axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle such as a forklift.

Conventional technology Conventional industrial vehicles, especially forklift trucks, move steadily over uneven roads, and in order to improve riding comfort, the entire rear axle swings slightly vertically relative to the vehicle body frame. The so-called center bin system is adopted. However, with this center bin system, when the fork rises with a load loaded,
The overall center of gravity of the cargo and the vehicle body moves upwards, reducing the stability of the vehicle, and there is a risk of it tipping over to the right.

For this reason, when a load is placed on the fork, the body of the vehicle! To maintain stability, it is necessary to stop the swinging of the **axis.

However, when a forklift performs cargo handling work on a sloped road surface, the axle is tilted relative to the single frame (hereinafter, this state is referred to as axle tilt, and excludes cases where the body frame and axle are parallel). If both are locked in this state, the vehicle will be horizontal or tilted backwards! When the military cap is tilted as it moves inward and lifts up, the vehicle body frame becomes steeply tilted and falls over, it is necessary to hold both sides in a swingable state.

Purpose This investigation was carried out in view of the above points, and its purpose was to detect the absence of a ram on the fork and the inclination of the axle, and to detect the inclination of the axle by shaking the military cap against the body frame 1-VC when the axle is incline. It can be held in a movable state, and when the vehicle body frame and axle are parallel and there is a load on the fork, both can be fixed to each other, making it possible to improve the f@salary ν overall condition. It is to provide all the regulations for axle fixing equipment in the new industrial unit.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, this investigation will be explained based on a practical example in which this investigation was implemented in a forklift, based on all of FIGS. 1 to 3.

ml prisoner schematically shows a forklift truck, in which 1 is a frame, 2 is an axle, 3 is a rear cap, 4ri is mounted on a tilt cylinder 5 to be tiltable in the rearward direction of the axle. The outer mast 6 is an inner mast supported by the outer mast 4 so as to be movable up and down by a lift cylinder HC. A lift bracket 9 holding the entire fork 8 can be raised and lowered on this inner mast 6.
? The I+111 end of a chain 10 is connected to this bracket 9 and the separate lift cylinder 7, and the chain 10 is hung around a sprocket wheel 11 attached to the upper end of the inner mast 6. ing.

When the lift cylinder 7 is operated, the rod 12 is valved to raise the inner mast 6, and the chain 10 is connected to the LD.
The lift bracket 1-9 and the fork 8 are adapted to be raised.

Eye a1112 The upper part of the lower tie beam 13 of the outer mast 4, and l! A rapid pressure conductive rubber 14 is interposed between the rift drift cylinder 1 and the lead #! as a load detecting means that enables JIM when the pressure exceeds a certain value. 15 is connected to the discrimination concave path 16. When the entire weight of the load placed on the fork 8 is supported by the lift cylinder 70 rod 12 via the chain 10 and sprocket wheel 11, the cylinder 1
7 is pressed downward, and the low stroke completely compresses the pressurized rubber 14 recorded in 9u. therefore,
When a load of a certain amount N or more is placed on the fork 8, the pressure-sensitive conductive rubber 14 is energized and the heavy load on the fork 8 is detected.

Figure 2 shows the rear axle 3 seen from behind, and a center bin 1B is fixed in the center of the military cap 3 in a non-rotatable manner, and this center bin 18 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 1. By being pivoted to a support bracket 19 (only the front is shown), the rear military cap 3 is supported on the frame 1 for easy movement.

This night * A linear potentiometer 21 as a tilt detection means is installed on the upper and side VC of M3 by the F part bracket 20.
A meter body 22 is rotatably mounted, and a lead wire 23 extending from the meter body 22 is connected to the discrimination circuit 16.

Further, the upper end portion of the rod 25 of the potency E-mail 121 is rotatably connected to the upper bracket 24 which is fixed in the upper direction opposite to the lower bracket 20 on the lower surface of the frame 1 of the vehicle body. When the rear axle is tilted, a voltage other than a constant voltage is outputted to kN116, and when the rear axle is tilted, a different voltage A1 is outputted to accommodate the narrowing of the distance between frame 1 and rear #/IA3.

FIG. 3 shows a single 411 rotation setting mechanism which is operated based on the detection operations of both the cross member and inclination detection means described above. A cylinder tube 21 of a fixing cylinder 26 is fixed on the frame 1 along the axial direction of the rear axle 3,
A rod 29 having a piston 28 in the center is installed inside the rod 29 and protrudes outward from both right ends of the cylinder tube 270, respectively. Further, L-shaped lock levers 31 are supported by a pair of brackets 30 fixed to the right chest side of the frame 1 so as to be vertically rotatable, and the lower ends of these levers 31 are connected to the rear axle 3, respectively. The right and left ends of the rods 29 of the fixing cylinders 26 are connected to elongated holes 31a which are in contact with the upper surfaces of both left and right ends of the cylinders, and which are vertically transparent at their upper ends. When the rear wheel 11+3 is rocking, the levers 31 become parallel to each other and are moved together by Sf#IA, so that the rod 29 can be moved to the right with respect to the cylinder tube 21. ing.

■■Record %FebruaryA pipe I@34 is located between the left and right cylinder chambers 32 and 33 separated by the piston 28 of the cylinder 26.
A solenoid valve 35 installed on the frame 1 is connected to the middle of the pipe line 34. This solenoid valve 35 has an enclosure side port 36 and a closing side port 31, and has a built-in solenoid 38.
When opened, communication between the two cylinder chambers 32 and 33 is allowed through the pipe 34, and when opened, it is cut off.

Further, this solenoid valve 35 is connected to the aTI writing discrimination circuit 16 via a lead wire 39.

Therefore, when the rear axle is tilted as described in @u, the discrimination circuit 16
When a configuration signal other than a constant voltage is input from the U potentiometer 21, the discrimination circuit 16 Hamtli
! The solenoid 38 of the solenoid valve 35 is held in a de-energized state. In addition, if the signal from the discrimination circuit rR5161C button yometer 2, 1 etc. is not input I%5
1, when the convenience signal is input from the MU pressure-sensitive conductive rubber 14, the discrimination circuit 16 discriminates the heavy load of the fork 80 as a cause of instability of the vehicle body, and energizes the solenoid 38 of the solenoid valve 35. It looks like this.

Now, when the forklift is on an inclined or uneven road surface and the potentiometer 21 detects the inclination of the rear axle 3, the solenoid 38 is held in a de-energized state and the solenoid valve 35 is opened. Then, communication between the right chest cylinder chambers 32 and 33 of the fixing cylinder 26 becomes possible, and the rod 29 is allowed to move horizontally, so the double-end lever 31 becomes rotatable and moves rearwardly with respect to the frame 1. The axle 3 is held in a swingable state. Therefore, it is possible to completely avoid the risk of the vehicle body falling over in the left-right direction.

After that, when the vehicle moves onto a horizontal road surface and the rear axle 3 becomes parallel to the top of the frame 1, if the weight of the load on the fork 8 is light, the stability of the vehicle body is good, so the rear axle A comfortable ride 1 can be obtained by keeping the seat 3 in a swingable state. However, if the fork 8 carries a load of more than a certain amount in the state N11l where the rear axle 3 and the frame 1 are horizontal, the stability of the vehicle body decreases, and there is a risk that the vehicle body may fall over.

At this time, in the forklift of this embodiment, the Oa pressure-sensitive conductive rubber 14 is under the heavy load of the fork 8? The solenoid 38 of the solenoid valve 35 is energized via the σ discrimination circuit 16. Then, the solenoid valve 35 is closed and the left and right cylinder chambers 32 of the fixing cylinder 26 are
．． 33 is cut off, the left and right sides of the rod 2s are prohibited. Therefore, the right lock lever 31 becomes unable to rotate, and the rocking of the rear vehicle 41a13 is restricted.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the vehicle body from overturning during labor work that handles heavy loads.

Another example Next, another embodiment embodying the present invention will be described.

(1) The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the previous embodiment in the structure of the locking means. In other words, a pair of left and right fixing cylinders 47 and 48 are fixedly installed at the lower part of the frame 1, respectively. Double fixed pressure cylinder 47, 48 valley rod 4
9.50 is always pressed downward by a spring 53 installed in the cylinder chamber 51.52 on the piston side, so that the tip of each rod 49.50 comes into contact with the upper surface of the left and right sides of the rear axle 3. It has become.

In addition, a conduit 54 is installed between the cylinder chambers 51 and 52 on the can piston side of the cylinders 47 and 48 for fixing these directions, and a solenoid valve 55 is installed in the middle of this conduit 54.
The connection is hot.

By operating the built-in solenoid 56, the solenoid valve 5b is opened and opened, thereby allowing or cutting off communication between the VC and both cylinder chambers 51 and 52.

This is different from the autopsy example, and a refueling pipe 51 is installed between the solenoid valve 55 of this example and the circulating oil pressure VXU from the power cylinder of the forklift. Hydraulic oil is supplied to both constant pressure cylinders 47 and 48 from the pipe line 57@. In addition, this solenoid valve 55 has a check valve 59 on the closed side boat 58, and when the solenoid valve 55 is closed, it prevents the pressurized hydraulic oil from flowing back into the oil supply pipe 5701. Both fixing cylinders 47.48rI in a blocked situation! 8 mt
It is designed to be L or cut off.

Therefore, the fixed weight for the rear vehicle 41 in this embodiment is
1I111jI When tilting, the solenoid valve 55 is opened, communication between the cylinder chambers 51, 52 on both piston sides is allowed, and the vertical movement of the valley rod 49, 50 is allowed.
It is possible to maintain a state in which the rear vehicle @3 is fully oscillated compared to Frenim IK. Further, when the fork 8 carries a load exceeding a certain level when the frame 1 and the load ratio 11113 are parallel, the solenoid valve 55 is closed, and the communication between the cylinders 51 and 52 is cut off, and the valley rod 4
Since the vertical movement of 9.50 is prevented, the frame 1 and the rear vehicle @3 are fixed at VC without swinging, and it is possible to prevent the vehicle body from overturning.

In addition, in this embodiment, as described above, the inverse ratio valve 59 is built into the solenoid valve 55 yen, so even if the rear axle 3 is held in the state of the housing 1 with 1 added for a long time, the hydraulic oil will not flow into the oil supply pipe. There is no risk of leakage to the road 57 side, and the work can be carried out safely with frame 1 and speed 1lII3 reliably defined.

(2) The fifth embodiment shown in the fifth example differs from the omitted embodiment in #1 of the flaw detection means. In other words, the rear vehicle 111I
A cam groove 60 with a circular cross section is carved in the upper part of one end of the center bin 18, which is unrotatably installed in the center of the blade. 61, and the tip of the contact 63 of the i1J lawn soto switch 62 is in contact with it. Therefore, when the rear shaft 3 is tilted and the center bin 18 is moved integrally [1111], the stop between the tip of the contact 63 and the cam groove 60 is released, and the limit switch 62 is turned on. ,
The inclination of the posterior axis 3 is detected.

(3) In addition, as a tilt detection means, an IklVc water switch 64.65t is installed horizontally at the bottom of the rear car 1llI3 and under the frame 1 as shown in Fig. 6. Km may be configured to output a predetermined detection signal vc when tilted in opposite directions.

(4) Figure 7 shows another example of the cargo detection means.
Load side cylinder chamber 66 of assistant 6 tail cylinder cylinder 5
A Tsujikasuisochiro 1 that operates by detecting pressure above a certain value is connected inside. Then, a load of a certain weight or more is placed on the fork 8, the outer mast 4 is biased forward, and the rod 6 of the tilt cylinder 5 is
When the oil pressure of the rod-side cylinder voltage 66 reaches a certain pressure or higher via the pressure switch 8, the pressure switch 6T is turned on and the heavy load of the fork B is detected. Also,
As shown in the figure, a proximity switch 69 is installed on the fork 8 so that it is turned on when there is a load on the fork 8, or an ultrasonic sensor 70 is attached to the lift bracket 9 shown in the fork 8. It may be configured to detect the presence or absence of cargo on 18.

Note that the locking means can also be embodied in a modification as described below.

(5) As shown in FIG.
, (supported swingably at each end,
The one additional part of both regulating pieces T2 is connected with a late connection T3, and the electromagnetic solenoid 15 is connected to the regulating piece T2 on the other side via a wire 14.
At the same time, the right regulating piece 72VC engages the tension spring 76. When the electromagnetic solenoid 75 is activated, the thread regulating piece 72 locks the locking steps ystc of the pair of five right stoppers 77 fixed on the lower surface of the frame 1.
Try to identify posterior axis 3.

(6) As shown in FIG. 9, the pair of left and right support bins rsvc fixed to the frame 1 are rotatably supported by the fava-shaped lock plates 80i, and the opposite protrusions 11 of the double-ended lock plate 110 Elongated hole 81a
Itl [A connecting culm 82 is constructed, and the tip of the rod 84 of the cylinder 83 is fully connected to the center of the connecting culm 82. and,
When the cylinder 83 is actuated, the rod 84 of the cylinder 83 is fully raised, and both upper and lower ends of the double-ended hook plate 80 are brought into contact with the bottom 1 of the T frame 1 and the upper surface of the rear axle 3, respectively, and the rear vehicle 11
1113 should be fixed.

(7) As shown in FIG. 10, a pair of support pieces 87 fixed to the frame are rotatably supported by the lock plate 8g', and wires are connected to each protrusion piece 89 of the double-ended lock plate 88. 90 screws and connect it to the electromagnetic solenoid 91. When the electromagnetic solenoid 91 is energized, the double-ended locking plate 88 is moved together, making the rear shaft 3 swingable, and when the electromagnetic solenoid 91 is not energized, the double-ended locking plate 88 is reversely rotated by its own weight, and a convex portion 92
are brought into contact with the upper surface of the rear vehicle 11113, respectively, so that the rear axle 3 is fixed.

(8) As shown in FIG. 11, a braking cylinder 93 is fixed on the upper surface of one side of the frame 1, and a braking plate 96 having a sawtooth braking surface 95 formed on the surface is attached to the tip of the rod 94. Install. Then, a locking member 98 having a serrated joint 97 is erected and fixed on the upper surface of one side of the rear @ 3, and when the brake cylinder 93 is activated, the braking member 95 of the brake plate 96 is pressed against the joint 97. Then, make sure that rear vehicle 3 is fully secured.

(9) As shown in Fig. 12, a brake cylinder 100 equipped with an internal brake 11Il&i brake @9 is fixedly mounted downward on one side of the frame 1, and a metal stand 101 is installed on the upper corner of one side of the rear vehicle $13. Further, when the rear axle 3 swings, the electromagnetic brake 99 is activated to completely lock the locking member 101 to the brake tube 100, thereby fixing the rear vehicle. Alternatively, a pressure switch may be used to detect the oil pressure of the lift cylinder, or a strain gauge may be used to detect the chain tension.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the examples of the research study, and the configuration and shape of each part can be changed and embodied as desired without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It is also possible to apply it to various industrial vehicles other than forklifts.

Effects As detailed above, the present invention provides a nod detection means that operates when the axle is tilted with respect to the vehicle body frame, and a load detection means that operates when a load is placed on an elevating body such as a fork. When the tilt detection means performs a detection operation, the rear axle is held in a swingable state with respect to the vehicle body frame, and when the tilt detection means does not detect it, the M
From the locking means for fixing the rear vehicle to the vehicle body frame when the lateral load detection means is detected.
This has the excellent effect of improving the safety of the vehicle body.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The first to third causes are detailed in this investigation and are summarized in one example. Figure 1 is a right side view of the forklift, and Figure 2 is a rear axle showing a potentiometer as a tilt detection means. Inside the rear view, the third factor is a rear view showing the fixed axle AM structure. FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 show another embodiment,
Fig. 4 is a rear view showing the axle fixing mechanism, and Fig. 5 is a rear view of the rear axle showing the UE soto switch as a tilt detection means.
FIG. 6 is a rear axle rear view showing a mercury switch, and FIG. 7 is a front right side view of the forklift showing a pressure switch, a proximity switch, and an ultrasonic sensor as load detection means. 8 to 12 are rear views of the axle fixing mechanism showing modified examples of the locking means, respectively.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an industrial vehicle such as a forklift whose axle is vertically swingably supported with respect to a vehicle body frame, a load detection means is activated when a load is placed on an elevating body such as a fork; a tilt detection means that is operated when the axle is tilted with respect to the vehicle body frame; An industry characterized by comprising: locking means for holding the axle in a swingable state and fixing the axle to the vehicle body frame when the load detecting means performs a detection operation when the inclination detecting means is not detecting the load. Axle fixing device in vehicles. 2. The vehicle 4iII in the industrial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the load detecting means is a proximity switch or an ultrasonic sensor that is provided at or near the fork and detects the presence or absence of the m load. Device. Claim 1, wherein the loading and unloading means is a pressure-sensitive conductive comb that is provided at the lower part of a lift cylinder that moves the fork up and down, and that detects a load of a certain weight or more.
The vehicle lll fixed table in the industrial vehicle described in section. 4. The side load customary means is the upper blade switch connected to the rod side cylinder chamber of the tilt cylinder that causes the fork to malfunction, and is used for all loads over a certain weight. Axle fixing device at industrial rate 1■ listed. 5. The axle fixing system for an industrial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the FmB self-singing detection means is a mercury switch attached to the vehicle body frame and the vehicle 111+. 6. 1ijI The axle fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the tilting means is a linear potentiometer interposed between the axle and the vehicle body frame. The inclination detecting means described in item 78 is a cam groove provided on a center pin which is fixedly fixed in a non-rotatable manner at the center of the axle and which swingably supports the military cap on the vehicle body frame; and a limit switch mounted on a single frame and having a contactor that engages with the cam groove.
Fixed device. 8. The locking means described in 1111 includes a fixing cylinder installed on the vehicle body frame, a locking member rotatably connected to the vehicle body frame at the center, and an upper end attached to one end of the left and right ends of the rod of the fixing cylinder. Concatenated and below @ Sato 1II
A patent claim consisting of a pair of lock levers on the right side that are in a liquid state around IIIL, and a solenoid valve that controls communication between the left and right cylinder chambers of the fixing cylinder based on the detection operation of the item i+4 generating means The axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle according to item 1, 09Bσ, has a pair of fixing cylinders fixed to the vehicle body frame and having a rod that abuts on the upper surface of the axle, and a detection means for both of the above-mentioned detection means. A patent consisting of a solenoid valve that completely controls the opening and closing of each piston side cylinder fMrWJ of both fixing cylinders based on the operation, and an oil supply pipe connected to this solenoid valve and supplying hydraulic oil to the Ba #J fixing cylinder. An axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle according to claim 1. 10 The solenoid valve is a check valve that completely prevents backflow to the oil supply pipe side during operation in the valley cylinder chamber when communication between the two fixing cylinders described in Ba is cut off.
The axle fixation Wtm in an industrial vehicle according to claim 9, having t. 11. The locking means described in Fm includes a pair of left and right regulating pieces that are swingably supported on the axle and connected to each other by a connecting rod, and a lock in which the upper ends of both regulating pieces abut against the lower part of the vehicle body frame. An axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle according to claim 1, comprising an electromagnetic solenoid that controls swinging in position. 12, 1iff Lock The lock includes a pair of left and right lock plates rotatably supported on the vehicle body frame and connected to each other by a connecting rod, and a double-ended lock plate whose upper and lower ends are connected to the lower part of the vehicle body frame and the axle, respectively. An axle fixing device for an M1 military vehicle according to claim 1, comprising a cylinder for controlling the rotation of the lock position WLK, which abuts on the upper surface of the cylinder. 1B, the locking hand I& is rotatably supported on the vehicle body frame and always has its lower end moved to the axle locking position via a wire (b). An axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle according to scope 1. 14. The locking means described in i5 includes a braking cylinder having a rod fixed to the bottom of one side of the vehicle body frame and having a braking plate attached to the tip, and a braking cylinder fixed to the upper surface of the axle and fixed to the braking plate. Non-slidable V? 2. The axle fixing device for an industrial vehicle according to claim 1, comprising: a lock bar having a joining joint metal, and a sword). 156 ``The locking means is interposed between the vehicle body frame and the axle and comprises an electromagnetic brake.
The axle fixing device in the industrial rate 1III described in paragraph 1.