JPS58166705A - Electro-magnetic solenoid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled solenoid with low wattage that does not develop excessively large attracting force at the final stage of attraction and has a low level of motion noise by moving the movable rod by means of a hydraulic pressure developed by the motion of a movable iron core and providing a large stroke for a small size rod. CONSTITUTION:In the figure 5 is a movable iron core, 6 is a fixed iron core, 7 is a hole pierced through the movable iron core, 8 is a movable rod inserted into the hole, 9 is a yoke, 10 is an exciting coil, 11 is a coil frame, and 12 is oil filled between the movable iron core 5 and the fixed iron core 6. The hole 7 is opened concentrically with the movable iron core 5. When electric current flows in the exciting coil 10, a magnetic field is formed between the fixed iron core 6 and movable iron core 5 and attracting force developed between them. By this force a presure is applied to the oil 12 between the movable iron core 5 and fixed iron core 6 and the movable rod 8 is pushed up. The cross-sectional area of the moving rod 8 is taken as S8 and the cross- sectional area of the movable iron core 5 as S5, the force F8 to push up the movable rod at this time is : F8=F5XS8/S5, supposing that the attracting force exerted on the movable iron core is F5. Accordingly the stroke of the movable rod 8 is S5/S8 times the stroke of the movable iron core 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electromagnetic solenoid (hereinafter referred to as a solenoid), which is particularly suitable for those with long moving parts and those that require high efficiency and mechanical output.

Conventional solenoids have a simple structure and can replace air input with mechanical output of linear or rotary motion, and are widely used in industry.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of a typical conventional solenoid.

In FIG. 1, / is a movable iron core, 2 is a fixed iron core, 3 is a yoke, and Da is an exciting coil. By energizing the coil, a magnetic field is generated in the gap between the movable iron core and the fixed iron core, and an attractive force is generated between the two.

Figure 2 shows the suction force characteristics of a typical conventional solenoid. This characteristic has external dimensions of 24 x 29 x 4
It is a 0mm solenoid.

is often unnecessarily large for normal applications.

As a result, they have the disadvantage of producing a large amount of noise at the end of the suction operation and shortening their mechanical life.

In addition, a large stroke requires a large amount of electric power, and a solenoid with a large stroke also has the disadvantage that the overall size of the solenoid is large.

The present invention eliminates these drawbacks of the conventional technology, and allows even a small physique to have a thick stroke, consume less power per month, and
To provide a solenoid that does not exert excessive suction force even in the final stage of suction and has quiet operation noise.

The structure and operation of the invention will be explained below in Section 4 and 3.
The figure is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a movable core, 6 is a fixed core, 1 is a hole drilled in the movable core, t is a movable rod inserted into the hole, 9 is a yoke, 10 is the excitation coil, /
/ is the winding frame, 7.2 is the movable iron core! This is the oil filled between the fixed iron core A and the fixed iron core B. For example, hole 7 is a movable iron core! Mekera concentrically! 1. Ru.

To explain the entire operation of the solenoid of the present invention according to FIG. 3, when current flows through the excitation coil 10, the fixed iron core≦ and the movable iron core! A magnetic field is formed between them, and an attractive force acts between them. Therefore, the iron core can be moved by this force! Pressure is applied to the oil/2 between the fixed iron core B and the fixed iron core B. This pressure pushes the movable rod upward on the diagram. The cross-sectional area of this movable rod r is kss, the movable iron core! If the cross-sectional area of the metal is 85, the pushing force F8 applied to the movable rod at this time is the movable iron core!
Assuming the suction force acting on F5 as F5, F8 = F5 x 88
/S5. Also a movable rod? The stroke is a movable iron core! The stroke is S5/S8 times.

According to electromagnetism, a movable iron core! Force acting on F5
And a movable iron core! The following equation holds true between the magnetic flux density B and the cross-sectional area S5 for each fixed core.

FsccB2X Ss (1) Power consumption W, magnetic flux density B, and movable iron core when considering the solenoid's size, that is, the size of the iron core, the size and shape of the excitation coil, etc. It is also well known that the following equation holds true between Lg and the gap Lg between the fixed iron core 6.

W20CB On the other hand, from equation (1), force F5 is proportional to the square of B. Therefore, for example, if Lgkl/2 is set, B will be doubled and Sheet 5 will be quadrupled. In other words, when the size of the solenoid is determined, it is generally better to reduce the force Lgk at the same stroke with the same power consumption, and mechanically expand the full movement of Lg, so that Lg reaches the required stroke. This means that it is more advantageous than increasing the size.

If there is no upper limit to the magnetic flux density B, it would be advantageous to always expand it, but since magnetic materials such as iron have an upper limit to their magnetic flux density and are subject to the so-called saturation phenomenon, there is also an upper limit to the magnification rate. However, in general it is advantageous to expand, and therefore in electromagnetic relays and the like, mechanical levers are used for expansion.

However, using a mechanical lever is difficult to make when the magnification is large, and is also subject to space limitations1.
Also, changing the magnification rate is not easy.

The present invention provides an extremely versatile method of expansion that mechanically expands the movement of the movable core J' to make full use of the output of the solenoid in the most advantageous manner, and that is simple and allows the magnification ratio to be varied over a wide range. It is something.

According to the present invention, since the magnification ratio is determined by the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the movable iron core t and the movable rod t, the magnification ratio is continuously several times to several tens of times.
It is very easy to double the size. Increasing the magnification ratio is advantageous where the stroke is large, but the attraction force at the end of attraction is smaller than when no expansion is done due to the magnetic saturation phenomenon of the magnetic material.

However, this is generally not a drawback; on the contrary, it completely prevents the force at the end of the suction from becoming larger than necessary, and helps to prevent excessive sound generation, resulting in a quiet and long-life solenoid.

In addition, the oil 2 acts as a lubricating oil in the moving parts, preventing wear of the moving parts and extending the life of the moving parts.

A movable rod without changing the external dimensions of the sole? The characteristics of the solenoid change by changing the diameter of the solenoid.
As shown in the figure.

Figure 4 qualitatively shows how the characteristics of the solenoid change due to the difference in magnification caused by changing the diameter of the movable rod ♂. Indicates the characteristics of the time.

As shown in FIG. 4, a solenoid with good characteristics depending on the load can be easily obtained without changing the structure or size of the solenoid.

The feature of the present invention is that hydraulic equipment is incorporated into the basic structure of the solenoid. and a small amount of oil 72'lzr
: Just by adding it, you can get something with very excellent characteristics.

Oil/2 is the movable rod r and the movable iron core! Gap or movable iron core!
Preventing leakage from between the material and the winding frame // is achieved by a known method using an O-ring or the like.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, /Jl-4O+), /4t is an O-ring holding plate, /j is a magnetic fluid, and /6 is an adhesive.

0-ring/3 has a small and large movable rod T and movable iron core, respectively! Used around the area to prevent oil leakage.

/! is a magnetic fluid, and this is a yoke and a movable iron core! It fills the gap between. Since this gap is small, the amount is small, but when electricity is applied, lines of magnetic force pass through this gap, and the magnetic fluid solidifies and prevents oil/2 from passing through this gap. That is, it is particularly effective only when electricity is being applied and the oil pressure is high, in other words, only when oil leakage is likely to occur. The adhesive /g fixes the fixed core≦ to the winding frame // and prevents oil leakage between them.

Is it a movable rod in Figure 5? 1. This is a movable rod that penetrates to the inside of the fixed iron core B! 1. Fixed iron core 6 and movable iron core are useful for increasing the stroke and holding it firmly! An advantage also arises in that the oil-filled gap between the winding frame // and the winding frame // can be located at the longitudinal center of the winding frame // where leakage magnetic flux is least.

Figure 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is a so-called pull type embodiment.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 is a so-called bush type solenoid that pushes out the movable rod ♂ when energized, whereas the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is a solenoid that pushes out the movable rod ♂ when energized! This is the type that attracts people.

The movable rod l in Figure 6 is shaped like a piston with a thick head, and the thin part is hQ and has a fixed iron core! It penetrates through the yoke and comes out at the bottom. If the current is applied and the oil pressure rises, the movable rod ♂ will be pushed up and moved to the top, and its thin portion will be retracted and operate as a so-called pull type.

In the one shown in Fig. 6, an O-ring/3 is used on the thick part of the movable rod ♂ to prevent oil leakage.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the pull type. In Figure 7/7id
It is an air vent hole.

In Figure 7, the thin part of the movable rod protrudes from the top,
Fixed iron core! The hole becomes thicker and becomes a movable rod! It houses the head of In Figure 7, when the oil field rises due to energization, the movable rod l
is drawn into the lower part and becomes a pruno. 1. At this time, an air vent hole/2 is provided to prevent the air field inside the hole of the fixed core B from becoming high. 3. In Figures 5 to 7, is the movable rod? Although oil leakage from the Q IJ song was prevented, it is of course possible to use a permanent magnet and magnetic fluid instead.
FIG. 8 shows a comparison of the performance F and Y characteristics of a conventional solenoid and a solenoid of the present invention having approximately the same size.

Both sizes are about 24x29x40mm.

In No. 81 ¥1, A is a movable rod with a movable iron core of 17 mm in diameter!
2.5mm in diameter, B is a movable rod with the same movable iron core diameter? This is necessary due to the characteristics when the diameter 'fr: 4mm.

0 and D are the characteristics of a conventional type solenoid, and the movable iron core is formed into a cone shape with an apex angle of 300 degrees. , As can be seen from the comparison in Figure 8, the power consumption is low and the operating force is large in areas where the bending stroke is large. Therefore, depending on the nature of the load, it is very effective. In places where the stroke is large, the power consumption can be reduced to 1A to 0.

As mentioned above, the present invention can provide the following various features by simply adding a small amount of oil to the conventional solenoid.

(1) Except for the final stage of suction, power consumption is much lower for the same output.

(2) A large stroke can be obtained even with a small size.

(3) Does not emit noodle soup.

(4) Long life 1° (5) Suction characteristics and stroke amount can be adjusted over a wide range depending on the load.

Due to the many features mentioned above, the solenoid of the present invention can be used to great effect in equipment that uses batteries, equipment that suppresses temperature rise, and equipment that requires a long stroke. The effect is remarkable.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional electromagnetic solenoid, Fig. 2 is a drawing showing the attractive force characteristics of a conventional electromagnetic solenoid, Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the present invention. Figures 5, 6, and 7 are sectional views showing other embodiments of the present invention, and Figure 8 is a comparison of characteristics between the conventional one and the present invention. 1, which is a diagram showing
! ...Movable iron core, 6 ...1 @ Fixed iron core, 7.
····hole,? ...movable rod, de...yoke,
10... Excitation coil stroke (, air) Stroke port - 7 Stroke 6 Stroke - 20νN)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A movable iron core, a fixed iron core that attracts the movable iron core,
In an electromagnetic solenoid consisting of a coil that fully excites these iron cores and a yoke, a hole is made in at least one of the movable iron core and the fixed iron core, a movable rod is inserted through the hole, and oil is filled between the movable iron core and the fixed iron core. An electromagnetic solenoid, characterized in that the movable rod is moved by hydraulic pressure generated when the movable iron core is moved by an excitation current flowing through the coil. (2) The electromagnetic solenoid according to claim 1, wherein a hole is made in the movable core and a movable rod is inserted into the hole. (3) The electromagnetic solenoid according to claim 1, wherein a hole is formed in both the movable core and the fixed core, and a movable rod is inserted into the hole.