JPS5816412B2 - Tightening fittings for wooden buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a metal fitting, that is, a fastening metal fitting, used for joints of building structural members in a wooden building.

Usually, in a building, the strength of each building material, the external forces acting on the building, and the relationship with the stone mold, in other words, the pillars and beams that make up the building, depend on the building structure. ,
Materials must be selected for walls, floors, and other members that meet the various conditions required for each component, but the required materials can be achieved by selecting and joining the constituent members and ensuring overall safety. It is possible to construct a building that is suitable for the purpose.

Currently, in the construction work to create the main structure of a wooden building, that is, the frame work, once the foundation concrete has been poured and the temporary frame has been removed, a base coated with a preservative is placed on top of the foundation and fastened with embedded bolts. , on which pre-cut framework members are assembled.

Once the assembly is complete, the beams, girders, pillars, and foundations are fastened, and the beams, girders, pillars, and foundations are attached to them.
Reinforcing materials such as slats are attached, and structural materials such as studs, taruki, roof sheets, and joists complete the outline of the house.

At this time, the fastening fittings used to connect the frame materials and reinforcement materials include dowels, clamps, gags, and nails.

There are screws, sheet metal parts, etc., but these have drawbacks such as difficulty in mounting depending on the location and unstable strength.

Furthermore, since buildings are generally manufactured to order, regardless of whether they are made of wood or reinforced steel, even if the purpose, structure, size, etc. are the same, the requirements of the client and the site environment are different, so there is only one building. It becomes something different.

Furthermore, as a product, it is very expensive compared to other industrial products, and it requires an overwhelmingly large number of types and quantities of materials.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and by saving labor and resources, the manual process of skilled workers up to now is replaced with machines and semi-skilled bamboo work, resulting in rational construction. This was done in response to major differences, labor shortages, and cost increases expected in the future.

The following will be explained based on the drawings. What is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a conventional example. ，
4, the washer pieces 6, 6 and the nut 7.1 are loosely screwed into the bolt 5 in advance, and then the nut is firmly screwed and tightened. In this case, not only is it time-consuming to drill the notched groove, but also the washer piece is bent due to the tightening of one of the nuts 7 and 7 screwed onto the bolt, which causes the notched groove to be bent. Since the metal fittings are not placed horizontally as they come into contact with the bottom, the wood to be joined will not be horizontal in the axial direction, which may weaken the tightening strength, resulting in instability.

Depending on the direction in which the external force is applied, there is a risk that the tightening tool 1 loaded in the cut groove may deviate from the groove, and the cross-sectional loss of the wood is large due to the drilling of the cut groove, so the strength of the wood is also weak, and the It is also difficult to tighten a nut that is screwed onto both ends of a bolt placed in a small groove.

Next, the one shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 is a flat rod according to the present invention, in which two through holes 9 and 9' are bored in the same direction at equal intervals at both ends of the shaft rod 8. Wide part of shape 10.10
', and the front and rear upper end edges of the through holes 9, 9' meet the flat surface IL11' of the wide portions io and io'.
It forms slightly inclined surfaces 12, 12'.

This means that the inclined surface of the wedge piece and the through hole 9.9' of the fastener
To prevent various inconvenient situations caused by the wedge piece being damaged due to strong sliding contact with the abutting hole edge.

Further, the shaft rod 8 has a locking piece 13 on either the left or right side from the center of the length i of the shaft rod 8, which extends in the direction in which the through holes 9, 9' are formed and in one direction. , and are welded to surround half the circumference of the shaft rod 8.

Note that the length dimension of the shaft rod 8, the intermediate dimension between the opposing through holes at both ends, or the diameter of the through hole, and the removal of the locking piece attached to one of the intermediate points of the shaft rod 8, etc. The attached position etc. is
It goes without saying that appropriate dimensions are desired depending on the scale of the building structure and the members that make up the building.

Next, when the vertical column 14 and the horizontal columns 15, 16, and 17 are to be tightened and joined to each other by the tightening fitting A made of the shaft rod 8 formed in this way, the center Horizontal columns 15, 1 are installed at positions equal to the length of the shaft rod 8 at both ends of the horizontal columns 15, 16 located on the left and right sides of the vertical column 14.
Vertical holes 18 and 19 having sufficient depth to load wedge pieces and washer pieces, which will be described later, are bored from the upper surface to the lower surface of the vertical holes 18. '19, and a horizontal hole 20 passing through the horizontal column 14 laterally.

Next, the cut groove 21 cut into the upper end of the vertical column 14 and the protrusion 22 cut into the end of the horizontal column 15 are fitted into each other, and the horizontal column 15 and the vertical column 14 are bored. One end of the shaft rod 8 is inserted into the horizontal hole 20,
At this time, the locking piece 13 welded and attached to one side of the middle of the shaft rod 8 is attached to the cut surface 2 of the vertical column 14 where the cut groove 21 of the vertical column 14 and the protrusion 22 of the horizontal column 15 come into contact. As a result, the uninserted portion of the shaft rod 8 after the locking piece 13 is prevented from being inserted.

Note that one of the through holes 9, 9' drilled at both ends of the shaft rod 8 whose insertion is blocked and the vertical hole 18 bored at the end of the horizontal column 15 are located at the same position. determined.

In this way, when the protrusion 22 of the horizontal column 15 and the cut groove 21 of the vertical column 14 are fitted into each other, and the shaft rod 8 is inserted into the horizontal hole 20 bored between the two columns, the shaft rod 8 The locking piece 13 (in the case shown in FIG. 5, it is attached closer to the vertical hole 19 of the horizontal column 16), which is attached to one side of the intermediate example, is attached to the vertical column 14. The cutting surface 23 prevents further insertion of the shaft rod 8 and determines its position.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the tip of the shaft rod 8 inserted into the horizontal hole 20 of the vertical column 14 and the horizontal column 15 is inserted into the horizontal column 15.
When crossing the vertical hole 18, the washer piece 24, which has been inserted into the vertical hole 18 by hand, is passed through the rod insertion hole 25.

Next, the wedge piece 26 is driven into the through hole 9' of the shaft rod 8 through which the rod insertion hole 25 of the washer piece 24 is inserted in the vertical hole 18 while making sliding contact with the washer piece 24.

At this time, the wedge piece 2 is driven in while slidingly contacting the washer piece 24.
The contact edge of 6 is one side having a right angle to the top, and the tip of the wedge piece to be driven smoothly slides into contact with the hole edge of the shaft rod insertion hole 25 bored in the washer piece 24 without contacting it. It has been cut in advance with a gentle slope R.

In addition, there is a hole 26' on the top of the wedge piece, so that when the wedge piece is driven into the target through-hole, the tool that hooks the wedge piece when it needs to be pulled out can be used to maintain a uniform balance of the joint column. It is perforated.

In this way, the horizontal column 15 and the vertical column 14 are tightened and connected by the insertion portion of about half the length of the shaft rod 8,
Next, the remaining half of the shaft rod 8 that protrudes from the horizontal hole 20 of the vertical column 14 as the uninserted portion is inserted into the horizontal hole 20 bored in another horizontal column 16, and the vertical hole 19 portion is inserted into the Vertical hole 18
In the same way as in the case of , the shaft rod 8 is inserted into the shaft rod insertion hole 25 of the washer piece 24, and then the horizontal piece 26 is driven into the through hole 9' of the shaft rod 8. The three pillars of the pillar 16 are integrally connected in the lateral direction, and are tightened and joined together.

Note that when the washer piece 24 is inside the vertical holes 18 and 19 by inserting the shaft rod 8 into the shaft rod insertion hole 25, the portion exposed outside the vertical hole after driving the wedge piece 26 is The wedge piece is bent to cover the wedge piece in the hole, and due to the action of external force or long-term use, the wedge piece may be pulled out of the vertical hole or lifted up, causing the wedge piece to join the wood or join the wood. This prevents the comrades from rattling.

Therefore, the wedge piece 26 is manufactured in advance with a length dimension sufficient to close the vertical holes 18 and 19. Next, FIGS. 8 to 22 show other embodiments of the present invention. This type of model was one that penetrated and tightened and joined three pillars, but the 8th to 1st pillars were tightened and joined.
The one shown in Figure 2 is used when connecting, tightening, and joining two horizontal columns 27 and 28 in the same direction.

That is, in this type, similar to the above-mentioned one, there is a sufficient depth dimension near both ends of the horizontal columns 27, 2B to load the wedge piece and the washer piece from the upper surface to the lower surface. 1, and a horizontal hole 31 that communicates both vertical holes 29 and 30° is bored, and the horizontal hole 3
The shaft rod 32 that passes through the inside of the rod 1 has a locking piece 13 attached to one side of the middle, but the shaft rod 32 used in this case does not need to have a locking piece 13. The stopper is not attached.

However, after inserting the shaft rod 32 into the horizontal hole 31, the vertical hole 2
The washer pieces, wedge pieces, etc. used in 9 and 30 are the same, and the steps are also the same.

Next, what is shown in FIGS. 13 to 22 is when the vertical column 14 shown in FIG. Another embodiment of the shaft rod according to the present invention is used in the above-mentioned flint (see Figure 18') where reinforcement is made between two pillars connected at an angle. It shows.

That is, compared to the two shaft rods shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, which have two through holes equally spaced at both ends of the shaft rod, one It has through holes 33 and 34 drilled at equal intervals only at one end, and a collar 35 larger than the diameter of the shaft rod 32 is formed at the other end.

Now, in order to tighten and connect the shaft rod 32 between the horizontal column 17 and the vertical column 14 shown in FIG. A vertical hole 37 having a depth sufficient for loading a wedge piece and a washer piece is bored near the end of the column 17 from the upper surface to the lower surface.

Next, attach the shaft rod 32 to the horizontal hole 3 with the through holes 33 and 34 at the tips.
6, the flange 35 formed on the other end of the shaft rod 32, which is manufactured in advance according to the drilling dimensions of the horizontal hole 36, abuts and is locked against the surface of the vertical column 14. At this time, either the through hole 33 or 34 of the shaft rod 32 is
Since it is located at the same position as the vertical hole 37 of the horizontal column 17, insert the shaft rod into the shaft rod insertion hole drilled in the washer piece located inside the vertical hole 37, and drive the wedge piece into the hole exposed outside the vertical hole 37. The head of the washer piece is bent to close the vertical hole 37.

This produces the same effect of the washer piece and wedge piece as shown in FIG. 6 above.

In this way, what is shown in Figure 5 is the connection between the vertical column and the horizontal column,
Although the case of tightening is shown, the ones shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 show the case of two horizontal columns joined and tightened in different directions. horizontal pillar 39
a vertical hole 41 having a depth dimension sufficient to load the wedge piece and the washer piece from the upper surface to the lower surface at the end of the horizontal column 39; Vertical hole 41
Horizontal holes 42 and 42' communicating with the horizontal columns 38 and 39 are formed in the horizontal columns 38 and 39.

In this device, the cut end of the horizontal post 39 is fitted into the fitting cut groove 40 of the horizontal post 38, and a horizontal hole 42 is bored from the outer surface of the horizontal post 38 toward the inside of the cut groove 40. The tip of the shaft rod 32 is inserted into the vertical hole 41 through the horizontal hole 42' that communicates with the horizontal column 39, and the tip of the shaft rod 32 passes through the vertical hole 41. When doing so, insert the washer piece 24 into the vertical hole in advance through the shaft rod insertion hole 25, and when the collar 35 is in contact with the side surface of the horizontal column 38 and locked, The wedge piece 26 is driven into the through hole 33 or 34 of the shaft rod 32 located inside the vertical hole 41, and then the head of the washer piece 24 exposed outside the vertical hole 41 is bent.

In this way, the two horizontal columns 38 and 39, which are oriented in different directions, are joined and tightened.

Next, for the flint parts shown in FIGS. 18 to 22, a shaft rod 32 similar to that shown in FIG. 13 is used.

As shown in FIG. 18, cut grooves 46° 41 are formed at both ends of the reinforcing material 45 within the included angles of the two pillars 43 and 44 that are joined in different directions.
, 44 are provided with cut grooves 48 and 49, respectively, which fit into the cut-out portions at both ends of the reinforcing member 45.

The cut grooves 46 and 47 are provided with the two pillars 43.
．． A horizontal hole 5051 is formed in communication with 44.

Now, the through hole of the shaft rod 32 (the cut groove 46 or 47
When protruding inward, the tsuba 35 at the other end is attached to the pillar 43 or 4.
Since it abuts and locks with the outer surface of 4, the cut groove 46,
Insert the washer piece 24 into the shaft rod 32 protruding into the inside of the shaft rod 32, then drive the wedge piece 26 into the through hole 34 or 33 of the shaft rod 32, and press the head of the washer piece as shown in FIG. It is something that can be bent.

In this example, the other end is formed into a brim shape, but the shaft rod can be removed by bending the other end or drilling a pin hole and inserting the pin into the pin hole. It goes without saying that even if prevention is attempted, it will have the same effect as a tsuba, and is not limited to a tsuba in any way.

. Further, the diameter of the shaft rod insertion hole 25 formed in the washer piece should not be much different from the outer diameter of the flat wide part 10 formed at the end of the shaft rod, in which the through hole is bored. There is little play between the two, so that so-called rattling does not occur, and therefore the wedge pieces are effectively locked and a strong tightening effect can be achieved.

In addition, by drilling two through holes of wedge pieces at equal intervals on both ends or one end of the shaft rod, for example, if vertical holes of equal distance dimensions are drilled in the relevant wood by mistake, This was done with the consideration that by being able to use either of the two holes, there would be no need to drill vertical holes again.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need to drill a cut groove for embedding a tightening member in the conventional joining and tightening of frame members and frame members or frame members and reinforcing members. When tightening conventional fastening fittings, such as nuts, a hole or groove with a large diameter is required for rotation, which makes the drilling work complicated and the strength of the wood is very weak. Compared to the drawbacks, since the vertical hole is drilled in a small space that only requires driving the washer piece and wedge piece into the wood to be joined, it not only simplifies and speeds up the drilling work, but also increases the strength of the wood. It is superior in that it has the advantage of being much larger than the former, and it does not necessarily require skilled workers, and the time required for frame construction is reduced by approximately 5 to 7 times compared to conventional methods. Overall, it has many advantages that can be expected to save labor and resources.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show fastening fittings used in the construction of conventional wooden buildings, with Figure 1 being a perspective view, Figure 2 being a plan view, and Figures 3 to 7.
The figures show a fastening fitting for wooden buildings according to the present invention, Fig. 3 is a plan view, Fig. 4 is a side view thereof, Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the state of use, and Fig. 6 is a vertical hole in a horizontal column. FIG. 7 is a front view of the washer, and FIGS.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 8 shows a horizontal hole and a vertical hole bored at both ends of two horizontal columns.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the fastening fitting, FIG. 10 is a side view thereof, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are jointed timbers with horizontal holes and vertical holes drilled at both ends. Perspective view of 1st
Figure 3 is a plan view of a fastening fitting with a flange formed at one end;
The figure is a side view, Figures 15 and 16 are perspective views of the timbers joined laterally, Figure 17 is a perspective view showing how it is used, and Figures 18 to 23 are explanations of the flint part using reinforcing material. In the figures, Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the reinforcing material at the flint point with horizontal holes and cut grooves, Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the reinforcing material, and Fig. 20 is the reinforcing material shown in Fig. 19. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the state before loading the reinforcing material shown in Fig. 19, and Fig. 22 is an enlarged perspective view showing the joining and tightening when the reinforcing material is loaded. , and FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing the state when the reinforcing material is loaded into the flint part, joined and tightened. 8.32... Axis rod, 9, 9', 33, 34...
...Through hole, 10, 10'... Flat wide part, IL11'... Flat surface, 12, 12
'... Slanted surface, 13... Locking piece, 14
・・・・・・Vertical column, 15, 16, 17, 27° 28.3
8,39...Horizontal pillar, '18,19,30°37
．． 41...Vertical hole, 20.31.36,42゜4
2', 50.51...Horizontal hole, 2L40,46
゜47.48.49... Cut groove, 22...
・・・Protrusion, 23.23'・・・Cutting surface, 24
...Washer piece, 25...Shaft rod insertion hole, 2
6... Wedge piece, 26'... Pull-out hole, 35
...Tsuba, 43,44...Pillar, 45...
...Reinforcement material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A wooden structure, characterized in that a through hole is bored in the shaft rod, a washer piece is inserted through the shaft rod, and a wedge piece is driven into the through hole in sliding contact with the washer piece. Building fasteners. 2. The fastening fitting according to claim 1, wherein a flat, medium wide part is provided at both ends of the shaft rod, and a through hole with an inclined upper edge is bored in the wide part. 3 A flat wide part is provided at both ends of the shaft rod, a through hole with an inclined upper edge is bored in the wide part, and a hole is formed at either end of the shaft from the center of the length of the shaft. , a locking piece in the same direction as the drilling direction of the through hole. The attached fastening metal fitting according to claim 1. 4. A flat wide part is provided at one end of the shaft rod, a through hole whose upper edge is an inclined surface is bored in the wide part, and the other end has a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft rod. The fastening fitting according to claim 1, which is provided with a flange. .