JPS58159524A - Electromagnetic shutter with controllable diaphragm - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control the diameter of an aperture formed of shutter blades without providing a mechanical control means by using a magnetic material for at least some of the shutter blades or members associated with the shutter blades, and forming them in a stepwise shape having numbers of projections. CONSTITUTION:As a control means for the diameter of the aperture formed of the shutter blades 3, the stepwise part consisting of numbers of projections 7a, 7b... at intervals is formed at the circumference of an operating ring 2, magnetic yokes 10a and 10b fitted with a permanent magnet 8 and a coil 9 are arranged in opposition to each other and the projections 7a and 7b are attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8 to hold the operating ring 2 at the position. While the coil 9 is powered on, the coil 4a of a driving device is also powered on to operate the operating ring 2 and therefore the shutter blades in any direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electromagnetic shutter, and particularly to an electromagnetic shutter that allows the aperture diameter to be controlled by shooting blades without providing any mechanical control means.

Conventional electromagnetic shutters control the aperture aperture using shutter blades, and therefore require mechanical control means to regulate the operating range.The structure is complex, and the operation is subject to impact, resulting in poor operation due to bouncing, poor accuracy, and poor durability. However, it was not free from drawbacks such as deterioration.

For this purpose, there are some systems in which the diaphragm 9 is controlled by a separate diaphragm mechanism, but the structure is complicated and the advantages of the electromagnetic shutter, which has all the features of a simple structure, cannot be avoided.

The present invention eliminates all of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides an electromagnetic shutter with a simple structure, reliable operation, and good precision, which allows full control of the aperture aperture using shutter blades without providing any mechanical control means. purpose.

The electromagnetic shutter according to the present invention is an electromagnetic shutter in which the shutter blades are actuated by electromagnetic force generated by energizing the coil of a driving means consisting of a permanent magnet and a coil to open and close the shutter. At least a part of the member interlocking with the blade is made of a magnetic material and formed into a step-shaped part having a large number of protrusions, and a magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, and The diaphragm diameter control means consisting of a coil is fixed, and the selected protrusion is attracted and held by the magnetic force of the yoke by the permanent magnet of the aperture diameter control means to maintain the shutter blade position, and the diaphragm 90 diameter control means By applying a predetermined current to the coil of the aperture aperture control means, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet of the aperture aperture control means is canceled out, thereby completely eliminating the attraction force of the yoke, and by fully applying a predetermined current to the coil of the drive means, the shutter blades are moved in stages. This feature is characterized in that the aperture aperture can be controlled by the shutter blades.

With this configuration, there is no need to provide any mechanical control means, and the shutter blade position can be controlled in stages according to the interval between the protrusions of the step-shaped part, and the aperture p aperture set for the shutter blade can be adjusted. It has extremely high accuracy, does not require any position detection means, and has the advantage of being simple in structure. According to another feature of the present invention, a second electromagnetic shutter having shutter blades that is opened and closed by a driving means comprising a second permanent magnet and a coil is further disposed in close proximity to the electromagnetic shutter described above, The entire electrical circuit can be configured to open the second electromagnetic shutter after setting the aperture aperture using the first electromagnetic shutter, thereby increasing the opening speed of the shutter.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in comparison with examples of conventional electromagnetic shutters with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional electromagnetic shutter. In this electromagnetic shutter, a rotatable shutter blade operating ring 2 is attached to a shutter base plate 1 having a shutter opening 1a concentrically with the opening 1a. The shutter blade 3 has a round hole 3a that fits into a pin 2a provided on the shutter blade operating ring 2, and a pin 1b provided on the base plate 1.
When the operating ring 2 is rotated clockwise, the shutter blades open, and when the operating ring 2 is rotated counterclockwise, the shutter blades are closed. A groove 2b is formed on the circumference of the actuation ring 2, and a coil 4a attached to the main plate 1
, a pin 4d implanted in a drive arm 4c fixed to a permanent magnet 4b of a drive device 4 consisting of a rotatable permanent magnet 4b is fitted into a groove 2bK, and a control circuit (not shown) causes the coil 4a to be rotated in either direction. When a current is applied, the electromagnetic force between the permanent magnet 4b and the drive arm 4c gives a force that rotates the permanent magnet 4b and the drive arm 4c in either direction, causing the actuating ring 2 to rotate in either direction, and the shutter Open and close the blade 3. In such a conventional electromagnetic shutter, in order to regulate the aperture diameter of the shutter blade 3, a control lever 6 is provided which is pivotally supported on the P base plate 1 by a shaft 5. In cooperation with the pin 2d of the formed protrusion 2C, the position of the pin 6b implanted in the control lever 6 is controlled by a mechanical control mechanism (not shown) to change the position of the cam edge 6a, and the actuating ring 2 is moved to the shutter blade 3. When rotating clockwise to open, the pin 2di comes into contact with the cam edge 6a to regulate the opening position of the shutter blade 3, that is, the aperture diameter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shutter blade 3 reaches the controlled aperture diameter, the pin 2d collides with the cam edge 6a and bounces, making it impossible to obtain accurate shutter operation and also impairing durability. .

The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and uses the conventional control lever 6 and protrusion 2c in order to perform control only by electromagnetic action.
The pin 2d has been completely abolished, and in its place, as shown in FIG. 3, protrusions 7a, 7b, 7c are provided at numerous intervals around the circumference of the actuating ring 2 as means for controlling the diameter of the diaphragm 90 by the shutter blades 3.
, 7d .
0a, 10b are fixed to the main plate 1, and the yokes 10a, 1
For example, the tips 10c, 10d, and i of 0b, for example,
a and the protrusion 7C, and the tips 10C11 of the yokes 10a and 10b are
The actuating ring 2 is held in this position by attracting the protrusions 7a and 7Cffi through the coils 0d'i to maintain the entire position of the shutter blades 3, and a current is applied to the coil 9 to exactly cancel the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8. By giving this, the attraction and holding of the protrusions 7a, 7c by the jaws 10a, 10b is completely eliminated, and the restraint of the actuating ring 2 can be released.

Therefore, by energizing the coil 9 of the aperture aperture control means and the coil 4a of the drive device 4, the operating ring 2, and therefore the shutter blades 3, can be operated in either direction.

The distance between the protrusions 7a, 7b... is selected appropriately, and the coil 4a
Shutter blade 3'f: Appropriately selects the simultaneous energization time for the coils 4a and 9 so as to apply current in the opening direction, and energizes the shutter blade 3'f as a pulse the required number of times to move the shutter blade 3 from the fully closed position to the primary position. For example, 1 squeeze
The coils 4a and 9 can be opened and held to a desired aperture aperture or fully open position, and the coils 4a and 9 can be kept open to a desired aperture aperture or to a fully open position.
By simultaneously energizing the shutter blades 3, the shutter blades 3 can be moved from the open position where they are held to the fully closed position.

Note that the number of drive devices 4 is not limited to one, and a plurality of drive devices can be provided around the actuation ring as necessary.

FIG. 4 shows a control circuit for the electromagnetic shutter of the present invention as described above.

This control circuit includes a measurement circuit 11 including a photoelectric element 11Fl'i for measuring object brightness 13vff, and field brightness information B.
an arithmetic circuit 12 that manually inputs v and film sensitivity information Sv; an AV compatible pulse generation circuit 13 that inputs the output of the arithmetic circuit 12 and respectively defines the shutter blade aperture opening diameter AVtl; and a Tv compatible pulse generating circuit that defines the exposure time Tvi. In order to input all the outputs of the pulse generating circuit 14 and these pulse generating circuits 13 and 14 to give the coils 4a and 9 a predetermined operation of the shutter blade 3, the coil 4a is energized for a predetermined time in either the forward or reverse direction. It consists of a shutter drive circuit 15 that outputs a voltage V1 and a voltage V2 for the same energization time to the coil 9.

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing the voltages Vl and V2 generated by the control circuit of FIG. 4 and the aperture opening roller diameter caused by the shutter blade 3.

FIG. 6 shows a modified circuit of FIG. 5, in which the object distance information Dv is further input to the arithmetic circuit 12' when the object distance information Dv is necessary for determining the aperture aperture AV.

FIG. 7 further shows all other modified circuits, which are provided with an AV, Tv determining program 16 that determines AV, TV when Bv, Sv, Dv are input manually, independent of the arithmetic circuit 12''. .

As mentioned above, the electromagnetic shutter of the present invention does not perform any mechanical control, but is controlled electromagnetically, so it can be operated extremely accurately without causing any shock.
Durability is the dog.

FIG. 8 shows a second electromagnetic shutter which can be combined with the electromagnetic shutter shown in FIG. 3 to increase the opening speed of the shutter blades according to still another feature of the present invention, that is, only the electromagnetic shutter shown in FIG. In this case, the shutter blades open in stages and the opening speed becomes slow, so this is a complete improvement.

The electromagnetic shutter shown in FIG. 8 has a step shape = u7, permanent magnet 8, coil 9, yoke 10 from the one in FIG.
The other components are the same except that a and 10b2 are removed, and the driving device 104 includes a base plate 101, an operating ring 102, a shutter blade 103, a coil 104a, and a permanent magnet 104'.

To increase the opening speed of the shutter blades, the drive device 104 has four thin films.

This electromagnetic shutter is disposed concentrically and closely in front of the electromagnetic shutter shown in FIG. 3, but it is preferable that the electromagnetic shutter is rotated four degrees for structural reasons.

FIG. 7 shows a control circuit for such a combination electromagnetic shutter. This control circuit is similar to that shown in Figure 7, but the electromagnetic shutter shown in Figure 3 is used for aperture control and closing, and the electromagnetic shutter shown in Figure 8 is used to open the electromagnetic shutter shown in Figure 3. The difference is that the shutter drive circuit 15' is configured to fully open the aperture after it is set to a predetermined aperture aperture.

FIG. 10 shows a voltage and shutter blade aperture aperture waveform diagram of the control circuit of FIG.

By combining two electromagnetic glossers in this way, the opening speed is increased and the light shielding property is also improved, which is advantageous in improving precision.

In the above explanation, a drive device with a movable permanent magnet was shown, but it is also possible to make the entire coil movable. 1
．． Although a plurality of seven blades are arranged on the circumference, the present invention can also be applied to a type in which two blades are opposed and operated in opposite directions to open and close.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the main parts of an example of a conventional electromagnetic shutter. FIG. 2 is an aperture waveform diagram of the electromagnetic shutter of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing essential parts of an embodiment of the electromagnetic shutter according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the control circuit for the electromagnetic shutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the drive voltage waveform and shutter blade aperture aperture waveform by the control circuit of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a modified embodiment of the control circuit shown in FIG. 4. 7 is a circuit diagram showing still another modified embodiment of FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a plan view showing essential parts of an electromagnetic shutter for use in combination with the electromagnetic shutter of FIG. 3 to constitute a second embodiment of the electromagnetic shutter of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a control circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the drive voltage waveform and shutter blade aperture waveform by the control circuit of FIG. 9. 1.101・・・・・・・・・Main plate 2.102・
・・・・・・・・・Shutter blade operating ring 3.1
03・・・・・・・・・Shutter blade 4.104
...... Drive device 4a, 9.104
a... Coil 4b, 8, 104b...
Permanent magnet 7・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
...Step shaped portions 7a, 7b, 7
C-protrusion lQa, 10b...Yoke 11......Photometry circuit 12, 12', 12''...Arithmetic circuit 13・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・A residual pulse generation circuit 14・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
...Positive response pulse generation circuit 15, 15'...
... Shutter drive circuit patent applicant Copal Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 7 - Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Shutter drive circuit -qQtlA→,...1E le Hachimachi response
Figure 6 Figure 10 Procedural amendment January 1980 Haruki Shimada, Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office ■ Small case indication 1988 Patent Application No. 196009 2 Name of the invention Aperture controllable electromagnetic shutter 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent Applicant Address: 20 people, 2-16, Shimura, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Hai (name) (122) Copal Co., Ltd. (1)
) Amend the claims as shown in the attached sheet. (2) "Operating ring 2" on page 10, line 11 of the specification is corrected to "Operating ring 2 made of magnetic material." (3) Lines 2 to 9 of page 14, "There is... in Figure 6. There is... in Figure 7." should be corrected as follows. The modified circuit shown in FIG. 4 shows a sequence having a flash auto method, and when the subject distance information Dv is manually entered, the aperture aperture Av is determined based on this Dv, film sensitivity information Sv and fludge guide number information from the circuit 17. is determined, and the subject brightness information Bv and the Av
It has an arithmetic circuit 12' that calculates the exposure time Tv. FIG. 7 shows yet another modified circuit, Sv. Dv, A where the flash guide number is manually input
v, Tv determination program circuit 16 is provided. Note that the circuit 16 is preferably provided by software means such as programming. (4) The last line of page 15, "45°" is corrected to "36°". (5) On page 16, line 2, ``Figure 7'' is corrected to ``Figure 1, Figure 9''. (6) Figures 6 and 7 will be corrected as attached. 7. List of attached documents (1) 1 attached sheet (2) 1 drawing (attached sheet) Scope of claims (1) Based on the electromagnetic force generated by energizing the coil of the driving means consisting of a permanent magnet and a coil. In an electromagnetic shutter that opens and closes the shutter by operating a shutter blade, at least a part of the shutter blade or a member interlocking with the shutter blade is made of a magnetic material and is formed into a step-shaped portion having a large number of protrusions, and the step-shaped portion Aperture control means consisting of a magnetic yoke and a permanent magnet disposed close to and cooperating with the protrusion is fixed, and the selected protrusion is attracted and held by the magnetic force of the yoke by the permanent magnet of the aperture aperture control means. The shutter blade position is held by holding the shutter blade, and by applying a predetermined current to the coil of the driving means, the shutter blade can be actuated in stages, and the aperture aperture can be controlled by the shutter blade. Electromagnetic shutter. (2) In an electromagnetic shutter that opens and closes the shutter by operating the shutter blades using electromagnetic force generated by energizing the coil of the driving means consisting of a permanent magnet and a coil, the shutter blade or a member interlocking with the shutter blade At least a portion of the aperture control means is made of a magnetic material and is formed into a step-shaped portion having a large number of protrusions, and includes a magnetic yoke and a permanent magnet disposed close to the step-shaped portion and cooperates with the protrusions. The shutter blade position is maintained by attracting and holding the selected protrusion by the magnetic force of the yoke by the permanent magnet of the aperture aperture control means, and the shutter blade is moved by applying a predetermined current to the coil of the driving means. a second electromagnetic shutter having shutter blades that are opened and closed by a driving means comprising a second permanent magnet and a coil; The second electromagnetic shutter is arranged in close proximity to the electromagnetic shutter mentioned above, and an electric circuit is configured to open the second electromagnetic shutter after the aperture aperture is previously set by the first electromagnetic shutter, thereby increasing the opening speed of the shutter. An electromagnetic shutter characterized by the following features: Procedural amendment (method) May 2, 1980 [1 Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office, 1, behind the scenes Patent Application No. 196009 of 1988 2, Name of the invention: Aperture controllable electromagnetic shutter 3, Make amendments Relationship with person 14141 Patent applicant 10 16-20, 2-16, Shimura, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Name (122) Kobal Co., Ltd. 4, Agent

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (υ In an electromagnetic shutter that opens and closes the shutter by operating the shutter blades by electromagnetic force generated by energizing the coil of a driving means consisting of a permanent magnet and a coil, the shutter blade or the shutter blade At least a portion of the member interlocking with the step-shaped portion is formed of a fully magnetic material and has a plurality of protrusions, and a magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, and a coil are disposed close to the step-shaped portion and cooperate with the protrusions. The aperture control means consisting of is fixed, and the selected protrusion is all attracted and held by the magnetic force of the yoke by the permanent magnet of the aperture control means to maintain the shutter blade position, and the coil of the aperture control means is fixed. By applying a predetermined current, the diaphragm 90
By completely canceling out the magnetic force of the permanent magnet of the diameter control means to eliminate the attractive force of the yoke, and by energizing the coil of the driving means in a predetermined manner, the shutter blades can be operated in all stages, thereby adjusting the aperture aperture by the shutter blades. An electromagnetic shutter characterized by being able to control (2) The shutter blades are actuated by the electromagnetic force generated by energizing the coil of the driving means consisting of a permanent magnet and a coil to open and close the shutter. In the electromagnetic shutter, at least a part of the shutter blade "ii" that interlocks with the shutter blade is made of a magnetic material and is formed into a step-shaped part having a large number of protrusions, and the shutter blade "ii" is arranged close to the step-shaped part and has a plurality of protrusions. An aperture control means consisting of a magnetic yoke, a permanent magnet, and a coil cooperating with the aperture aperture control means is fixed, and the selected protrusion is attracted and held by the magnetic force of the yoke by the permanent magnet of the aperture aperture control means, and the position of the shutter blade is adjusted. By holding the diaphragm 9 and applying a predetermined current to the coil of the diaphragm diameter control means, the diaphragm 9 is
By completely canceling out the magnetic force of the permanent magnet of the zero diameter control means to completely eliminate the attractive force of the yoke, and by energizing the coil of the driving means to a predetermined value, the shutter blades can be operated in stages, and the aperture caused by the shutter blades can be adjusted. A second electromagnetic shutter having a shutter diameter that is controllable and having shutter blades that are opened and closed by a driving means comprising a second permanent magnet and a coil is disposed in close proximity to the first electromagnetic shutter, An electromagnetic shutter characterized in that an electric circuit is configured to open the second electromagnetic shutter after setting the aperture aperture using the first electromagnetic shutter, thereby increasing the opening speed of the shutter. .