JPS58156903A - Optical switch - Google Patents

Optical switch

Info

Publication number
JPS58156903A
JPS58156903A JP3983182A JP3983182A JPS58156903A JP S58156903 A JPS58156903 A JP S58156903A JP 3983182 A JP3983182 A JP 3983182A JP 3983182 A JP3983182 A JP 3983182A JP S58156903 A JPS58156903 A JP S58156903A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
optical switch
optical
piezoelectric element
optical fiber
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3983182A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ai Takagi
高木　相
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP3983182A priority Critical patent/JPS58156903A/en
Publication of JPS58156903A publication Critical patent/JPS58156903A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
    • G02B6/3568—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details characterised by the actuating force
    • G02B6/3578—Piezoelectric force
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3502—Optical coupling means having switching means involving direct waveguide displacement, e.g. cantilever type waveguide displacement involving waveguide bending, or displacing an interposed waveguide between stationary waveguides
    • G02B6/3508—Lateral or transverse displacement of the whole waveguides, e.g. by varying the distance between opposed waveguide ends, or by mutual lateral displacement of opposed waveguide ends
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/3544—2D constellations, i.e. with switching elements and switched beams located in a plane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
    • G02B6/358—Latching of the moving element, i.e. maintaining or holding the moving element in place once operation has been performed; includes a mechanically bistable system

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form an optical switch having a simple structure by changing an optical path by making use of the displacement characteristics against impressed voltage of piezoelectric elements. CONSTITUTION:Optical fibers 21-23 are fixed on the upper ends of bimorph type piezoelectric elements 11, 12. The fibers 21, 22 or the fibers 21, 23 can be opposed to each other by impressing suitable DC voltages between the lead wires 31, 32 of the element 11 and between the lead wires 33, 34 of the elements 12. Thus, in this case voltage driving is applied, so an optical switch having a simple structure can be formed. An optical switch having a simple structure can be also formed by driving a mirror by making use of the displacement of piezoelectric elements without directly attaching optical fibers to the piezoelectric elements.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 られていない。これに対して／）、２）の方法によるも
のはすでに多くの試みがあり、その構造も多様である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION No. On the other hand, there have already been many attempts to use methods 2) and 2), and their structures are diverse.

しかし、これら上記／）、２）の方法はイツれも機械的
な駆動に電流駆動法、すなわち電磁賃を使用しているこ
とから、構造は複雑となる欠点がある。However, the above methods /) and 2) each use a current drive method, that is, an electromagnetic force, for mechanical drive, and therefore have the disadvantage that the structure is complicated.

これに対して、本発明は駆動系に電磁石を使用するかわ
りに、圧電素子の電圧対変位特性を利用することを特長
とする光スィッチに関するものである。In contrast, the present invention relates to an optical switch characterized by utilizing the voltage versus displacement characteristics of a piezoelectric element instead of using an electromagnet in the drive system.

詳細は後述するが、本発明になる光スィッチは電圧駆動
であるため構造が電流駆動のものより簡単になること、
多チャネルの切り替えまたは交換機能を（ｉする光スィ
ッチの構成に多様性を特に得ることなどに特長をもつ。Although the details will be described later, since the optical switch according to the present invention is voltage driven, the structure is simpler than that of a current driven one.
It has the advantage of providing diversity in the configuration of optical switches that perform multi-channel switching or switching functions.

　以下これらの詳細について説明しよう。Let's explain these details below.

第１図は本発明の光スィッチの基本構成のひとつである
。１１．１□はバイモルフ形圧電素子で、それぞれに２
〜２　なる光ファイバが図のよう３ に固定されている。バイモルフ形圧電素子にはそれぞれ
３１〜３４なるり一ト線がつけられている。この構造の
光スィッチの動作を第２図によって説明し、よう−第２
図はバイモルフ形圧電素子１をたて方向から暁めた図で
ある。FIG. 1 shows one of the basic configurations of the optical switch of the present invention. 11.1□ is a bimorph type piezoelectric element, each with 2
An optical fiber of ~2 is fixed at 3 as shown in the figure. Each of the bimorph piezoelectric elements is provided with 31 to 34 tow lines. The operation of the optical switch with this structure will be explained with reference to FIG.
The figure is a view of the bimorph piezoelectric element 1 viewed from the vertical direction.

４は１を固定する台であり、第１図では首略しである。4 is a stand on which 1 is fixed, and its head is omitted in FIG.

いまリード線３１と３２の間に電圧を印加するとその極
性により圧電素子１は１′あるいはｒのよう１．−、　
たｂｈｇ位を起す。ｆの方向のたわみとｒの方向のたわ
みとはリード線３１と３゜の間にかかる直流電圧の極性
が異なるだけである。Now, when a voltage is applied between the lead wires 31 and 32, the piezoelectric element 1 becomes 1. -,
I wake up at bhg. The deflection in the f direction and the deflection in the r direction differ only in the polarity of the DC voltage applied between the lead wires 31 and 3°.

さて、第１図において、リード線３３　間と、３３，３
４間にそれぞれ１’２ 適当に直流電圧を印加すると光ファイバ２．と２２がち
ょうど向き合うようにすることも、また２１と２３が向
き合うようにすることも可能である。Now, in Fig. 1, between the lead wires 33 and 33,3
When an appropriate DC voltage of 1'2 is applied between each of the optical fibers 2. It is also possible to have 21 and 23 face each other, or 21 and 23 to face each other.

また印加電圧が交流なら圧電素子は振動する。この振動
を利用すれば連続切り替え可能な光スィッチとなる。す
なわちこれが本発明の光スィッチの原理である。、第１
図ではひとつの光ファイバ２□を他の光ファイバ２２ま
たは２、のいづれかに切り替えるものであるが、圧電素
子のたわみ量は印加する電圧の大きさによって変えるこ
とが可能であるため、光ファイバの数を多くして、切り
替えのチャネル数を多くすることが可能である。第３図
にその実施例を示す。Furthermore, if the applied voltage is alternating current, the piezoelectric element vibrates. This vibration can be used to create an optical switch that can be switched continuously. That is, this is the principle of the optical switch of the present invention. , 1st
In the figure, one optical fiber 2□ is switched to either the other optical fiber 22 or 2, but since the amount of deflection of the piezoelectric element can be changed depending on the magnitude of the applied voltage, the optical fiber It is possible to increase the number of switching channels by increasing the number of channels. An example is shown in FIG.

は電圧を印加するリード線である。第３図（ａ）はひと
つの光ファイバ２、を他の光フ　ィパ２　．２　−−−
．２　　にそれぞれ切り替えが可能なスイツア　　　　
２　　　３’ チである。また第ｊｌｌＨ（ｂ）は１個の光フ　ィバ２
　．２　−−−．２　　の７　　　１　　　２′ うちのあるものを他の光ファイバ２ｍ＋１　’　２ｍ＋
２　’−−−　、２ｍ＋。なるｎ個の光ファイバのうち
のいづれかに選択的に切り替えが可能な光スィッチであ
る。この場合光フアイバ相互間の位置関係と、リード線
３□、３゜　あるいは３３．３４に印加する電圧の波形
あるいはその値によって多様な機能をもたせることが可
能である。is a lead wire that applies voltage. FIG. 3(a) shows one optical fiber 2 connected to another optical fiber 2. 2 ---
．． A switch that can be switched to 2.
2 3' Chi. In addition, the jllH(b) is one optical fiber 2.
．． 2 ---. 2 of 7 1 2' Connect some of them to other optical fibers 2m+1' 2m+
2'---, 2m+. This is an optical switch that can selectively switch to any one of n optical fibers. In this case, various functions can be provided by changing the positional relationship between the optical fibers and the waveform or value of the voltage applied to the lead wires 3□, 3° or 33.34.

第７図または第３図のように、光ファイバを直接圧電素
子に取りつけるかわりに、圧電素子の変位を利用して鏡
を駆動することによっても光スィッチを構成することが
できる。この場合の一実施例を第９図および第５図に示
炙第を図はリード線３８，３゜をもっ圧電素子１に６な
る金具をとりつけその一部に穴をあけ５なる鏡の下端に
とりつけた７なる棒を差し込み圧電素子が第２図のごと
く左右に動くことによって鏡５を８１．８゜を支点にし
て回転させる構造を示したものである。ここで圧電素子
１の下側の固定台（第２図１１＞および８１，８□を差
し込んでここを支える支持台は省略してあ４さて１第５
図によって光スィッチとしての第１Ｉ図の動作を説明し
よう。Instead of directly attaching an optical fiber to a piezoelectric element as shown in FIG. 7 or 3, an optical switch can also be constructed by driving a mirror using the displacement of a piezoelectric element. An example of this case is shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 5. The figure shows a piezoelectric element 1 having a lead wire 38, 3° attached to a metal fitting 6, a hole made in a part of the metal fitting 5, and a lower end of the mirror 5. This figure shows a structure in which the mirror 5 is rotated about 81.8 degrees by inserting a rod numbered 7 attached to the mirror and moving the piezoelectric element from side to side as shown in FIG. Here, the fixing stand below the piezoelectric element 1 (Fig. 2, 11> and the supporting stand to which 81, 8□ are inserted and supported) is omitted.
The operation of FIG. 1I as an optical switch will be explained with reference to the diagram.

第５図は第＜＜Ｗを横からみた図に光フアイバ系を附加
して画いた図である。FIG. 5 is a side view of the <<W with an optical fiber system added.

図中１〜８は第グ図に示したものである。ＳＵＷで省略
した４、と４□なる固定台と支持台が第５図ではそれぞ
れ示しである。さらに光ファイバ２□。1 to 8 in the figure are those shown in FIG. The fixing base and support base designated by 4 and 4□, which are omitted in SUW, are shown in FIG. 5, respectively. Furthermore, optical fiber 2□.

２□、２３と９３，９□なる集光レンズが示しである。Condenser lenses 2□, 23 and 93, 9□ are shown.

この構成で光スィッチとなることは図によって明らかで
ある。すなわち３８，３□なるリード線間に電圧が印加
されないとき、先ファイバチャネルは２、と２□によっ
て構成され、適当に電圧が印加され圧電素子および鏡が
図の点線のごとく変位するト光ファイバチャネルは２□
と２３に切り替わる。レンズ９１．９□は集光用である
。ここには２チヤネルの場合を示しであるが、チャネル
数は第３図に示すように１＝ｎ１　あるいは＠：ｎ　　
のように適宜作ることができることは自明であるＯIt is clear from the figure that this configuration constitutes an optical switch. In other words, when no voltage is applied between the lead wires 38 and 3□, the end fiber channel is formed by 2 and 2□, and when an appropriate voltage is applied, the piezoelectric element and mirror are displaced as shown by the dotted line in the figure. Channel is 2□
and switches to 23. Lens 91.9□ is for condensing light. The case of 2 channels is shown here, but the number of channels is 1=n1 or @:n as shown in Figure 3.
It is obvious that O

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の光スィッチの基本構成を示す図で第２
図は第１図の可動部であるバイモルフ形圧電累子の動き
を説明するための図。第３図は第１］４の尤スイッチの
基本構成を発展させて多チャネル化した場合の例示図で
ス・ｒツチを上から見たときの図。第４図は本発明の実
施例のひとつである圧電素子により鏡を変位させるとき
の構直の一例を示す図で、第５図はこれを光スィッチに
使用したときの動作を説明するための図である。 第　　２　　図 （ｂ） 第３図 第　　ｔ　　図 第　　ｊ　　図 ９−Figure 1 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of the optical switch of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows the basic configuration of the optical switch of the present invention.
The figure is a diagram for explaining the movement of the bimorph type piezoelectric crystal which is the movable part of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case in which the basic configuration of the switch in item 1]4 is expanded to have multiple channels, and the switch is viewed from above. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an example of repositioning when a mirror is displaced by a piezoelectric element, which is one of the embodiments of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation when this is used in an optical switch. It is a diagram. Figure 2 (b) Figure 3 Figure t Figure j Figure 9-

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] （１）圧電素子の印加電圧に対する変位またはたわみを
利用して、光ファイバまたは鏡を駆動変位または回転さ
せることにより光の通路を切り替える光スィッチ。(1) An optical switch that switches the path of light by driving displacement or rotation of an optical fiber or mirror using the displacement or deflection of a piezoelectric element in response to an applied voltage. （２）バイモルフ形圧電素子の印加電圧に対するたわみ
による変位を利用して、該素子に取りつけた光ファイバ
あるいは鏡を変位させあるいは回転させることにより光
の通路を切り替える特許請求範囲ａ！１項記載の光スィ
ッチ。(2) The path of light is switched by utilizing the deflection of the bimorph piezoelectric element due to the applied voltage to displace or rotate the optical fiber or mirror attached to the element, thereby switching the path of light! The optical switch according to item 1. （３）圧電素子の印加電圧に対する変位またはたわみを
利用し、コチャネル以上の複数個の光フアイバチャネル
を切り替える特許請求範囲ＩＩ／項ないしくコ）の７つ
に記載の光スィッチ。(3) The optical switch according to claim 7, which utilizes displacement or deflection of a piezoelectric element with respect to an applied voltage to switch a plurality of optical fiber channels of a co-channel or more.
JP3983182A 1982-03-12 1982-03-12 Optical switch Pending JPS58156903A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3983182A JPS58156903A (en) 1982-03-12 1982-03-12 Optical switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3983182A JPS58156903A (en) 1982-03-12 1982-03-12 Optical switch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58156903A true JPS58156903A (en) 1983-09-19

Family

ID=12563909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3983182A Pending JPS58156903A (en) 1982-03-12 1982-03-12 Optical switch

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58156903A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0467672A2 (en) * 1990-07-17 1992-01-22 Fujitsu Limited Fabricating optical switches
WO2005085924A3 (en) * 2004-03-04 2005-12-15 Siemens Ag Optical switch with a polymer actuator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0467672A2 (en) * 1990-07-17 1992-01-22 Fujitsu Limited Fabricating optical switches
WO2005085924A3 (en) * 2004-03-04 2005-12-15 Siemens Ag Optical switch with a polymer actuator

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