JPS5815486A - High efficiently operating air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable an air conditioner to operate at high efficiency without receiving influence of variation of load by a method wherein a tap corresponding to load is selected out of the plural number, of taps and is connected to an electric power source according to a command from a load detecting means. CONSTITUTION:The plural number of the taps containing tap 7, for example, the three taps 5-7, are led out from the main winding 2, the tap 5 is made as the heavy-load tap, the tap 6 as the middle-load tap, and the tap 7 is made as the light-load tap respectively. The load detecting means 8 is arranged at the proper place of a discharge pipe, etc., of a refrigerating circuit, and the tap corresponding to load is selected out of the taps 5-7 of the plural number of the signal phase motor 1 of air conditioner to be connected to the electric power source according to the command of the load detecting means 8 thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a high-efficiency operation type that allows a compressor motor to be operated at the highest efficiency without being affected by load fluctuations, thereby improving the effective energy ratio (EER). Regarding air conditioners.

Air conditioners with a high effective energy ratio have a significant saving effect in terms of power consumption, so whether they are appropriate as energy-saving machines or not, the current EER value is based on standard temperature conditions in summer. High E
Even if an ER machine is evaluated as an ER machine, it is not necessarily the case that the best energy saving effect can be expected throughout the year.

Because the load applied to the compressor motor of an air conditioner fluctuates greatly depending on changes in condensing and evaporating temperatures, the load on the compressor motor of an air conditioner always reaches its maximum level under conditions where the average indoor and outdoor temperatures fluctuate considerably throughout the year. It is known that among the various factors that influence the EER value, changes due to the performance of the electric motor are one of the factors that have a large influence.

In particular, the efficiency of the motor, which is said to affect EER, worsens as the load becomes lighter when the applied voltage remains unchanged.
When operating a general-purpose electric motor that shares a 50 Hz and 60 Hz AC power supply in the 50 Hz zone, it is often operated at a load lighter than the motor's efficiency or maximum value. The effect of the decline in EER will become even more significant.

The problem of increase or decrease in efficiency due to load fluctuations occurs greatly in the case of single-phase induction motors used in general household air conditioners, and conventional air conditioners
In view of the fact that the ER improvement effect is exhibited only under specified load conditions and that EER improvement cannot be expected throughout all seasons of the year, the present invention was made to improve this, and in particular, The feature is that the condenser-type induction motor that drives the compressor of the harmonizer is formed into a high-efficiency motor so that it can always operate at the highest efficiency for the load. ing.

Therefore, as a means for forming a high-efficiency motor as described above, a high-load tap, a medium-load tap, and a low-load tap including a terminal tap from at least one of the main winding and the auxiliary winding are used. If you draw out multiple taps selected according to the culm of equal load, select one tap for a kind of winding, and connect it to the power supply with the rated voltage, the stop 0J torque point speed is larger than the synchronous speed and smaller than the synchronous speed. , and is driven at a speed close to the rated speed, and is designed to be able to emit circular motion under maximum efficiency for a corresponding load.

Furthermore, in order to clarify the contents of
A detailed explanation will be given below with reference to an example shown in the drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 are exploded views of the main parts of the electric circuit on each side of the air conditioner of the present invention, and [1] is a condenser type single-phase induction electric wire connected to a compressor for compressing refrigerant. It is a 1J machine, and in particular the stator windings are shown on the same side.

Stator winding: Consists of main winding (2) and auxiliary winding (3), AC power at rated voltage is directly applied to the main winding (2), and auxiliary winding +3) Ic is activated.・Operation capacitor (4)
The alternating current power is applied through the two in series.

The relationship between the load and operating efficiency of the capacitor type single-phase induction motor (1) (hereinafter referred to as the single-phase motor (1)) is as shown by the curve (I) in Figure 10, which is 100%. The efficiency is 83% under load, but it drops by about 10% to about 73% under light load, for example, 55% load, and this leads to power loss.

By changing the impedance of the stator winding for a motor with the following characteristics (curve ■), curve (rl) to curve (IV
For example, in the case of curve (IV), the motor efficiency would be approximately 83% even at 55% load, and the efficiency would be lower than in the case of the characteristic of curve (I) described above. This is an improvement of approximately 10%.

Electric motors used in general power machinery are designed to always be used at the maximum rated load, so this does not cause any problems, but in the case of air conditioners, even during the season,
Furthermore, even if you look at just one day, there are only a few times when the machine is used at maximum load, and in most cases, it is a special operating condition in which it is used at a light load that does not reach the load that shows maximum efficiency. Therefore, if the compressor engine is controlled so that it is always operated at the highest efficiency, the effect of energy saving by maintaining high efficiency can be said to be enormous, and the significance of the present invention lies in this point. It exists in

Therefore, the number of turns (impedance) of the single-phase motor (1)
In determining this, the inventors conducted many experiments to find the optimal conditions in the relationship between load and efficiency, and as a result, it was possible to operate with the highest efficiency for 60% load to 100% load fluctuations. It has been found that this condition can be solved by increasing or decreasing the number of turns of the stator winding within a maximum range of about 20%.

Moreover, according to this increase/decrease means, the speed (rotation speed) of the single-phase motor (11) does not substantially change, is greater than the speed at the point of stall torque (maximum torque), is smaller than the synchronous speed, and is at the rated speed. The fluctuation remains between speeds close to .

In this case, the number of turns in the main winding (2) of the fixed windings is reduced by 1.
As the winding increases, the stall torque increases and high-load operation becomes possible, and the motor efficiency shifts to the highest point and the motor output increases.On the other hand, the auxiliary winding (3)
When the number of turns is increased ((), the stall torque increases and high load operation becomes possible, and the highest point of motor efficiency shifts to the side with a larger motor output.

Based on the basic conditions obtained in this way, the circuit shown in the first section can be constructed from the main winding (2) to the terminal tap (
7), for example, three taps (5) to (7), tap (5) as a high-load tap corresponding to 100% load, and tap (6) as a medium-load tap corresponding to 80% load. Among the load taps, tap (7) is formed as a light load tap corresponding to 65% load.

On the other hand, the auxiliary winding (3) does not require any taps.
Power is applied via a capacitor (4).

By creating a structure like this, a general-purpose single-phase morph (1)
It can be configured into an all-high efficiency motor, with a high load tap (5) at 100% load, a medium load tap (6) at 80% load, and a light load tap (7) at 65% load. By connecting one end of the main winding (2) to a power supply with the rated voltage, it is possible to operate at a high efficiency of approximately 80% without being affected by fluctuations in load (No. 4)
(see figure).

, when selecting the E combination taps (5) to (7), this is done automatically and smoothly.J''L ruko7 is a necessary condition for a practical machine, and therefore r4 is related to the phase motor (1). At least a load detection means (8) is provided.

This load detection means +8) id: 1iff is installed at an appropriate location in the refrigeration circuit related to the compressor, for example, in the discharge pipe,
The magnitude of the load on the compressor can be detected by changes in refrigerant pressure or temperature.
In the example shown in Figure 1, a pressure detection section is installed in the discharge pipe, and the condensation pressure is 1.8.7 A: tl/cr! When exceeding G (
an output contact (9) that closes when the temperature exceeds 50°C (temperature equivalent);
Also 14.4 k below 18.7 ktj/cd G
Range exceeding f7crl G (temperature conversion: 50°C≧t>
output contact (10) that closes at 40 °C) and the same < 1
4.4 It has a structure in which the three output contacts (11) that close at kv'crylG or less (temperature equivalent: 40°C or less) are selectively activated depending on the degree of load applied to the compressor. ing.

The load detection means (8) thus formed has an output contact (9).
is connected between one pole of the power supply and the high-load tap (5), the output contact (10) is connected between one pole of the power supply and the medium-load tap (6), and the output contact (11) is connected to the power supply Connect between one pole and the light load tap (7).

Next, the operating mode of the air conditioner will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4, and 7.

In an air conditioner, the condensing pressure and required power are as shown in the curve (WO) in Figure 7, and it is natural that the required power will decrease as the outside temperature decreases and the condensing pressure decreases. The input to TI) also decreases.

Here, in the case of operation without efficiency control in which full voltage is applied to the main winding (2) and the auxiliary winding (3), as the air conditioning load decreases, the input to the motor (1) decreases. Curve (W
A curve obtained by dividing the curve indicated by O) by the motor efficiency (wl)
As shown, at the halfway point, the train goes down along the solid line (A) and then down along the broken line (D).

- In the case of the present invention having the device shown in Figure 1, when the condensing temperature exceeds 50°C and the output contact (9) closes, the high load tap (5) is powered on. The input to the electric IJ machine (1) fluctuates along the line segment (A) of the curve (W, ), and in this state it operates with high efficiency (80%). ing.

From this state, the load becomes lighter and the condensing temperature becomes 50°C≧t
〉1 in the range of 40°C: The output contact (10) is closed and the input to the motor (1) fluctuates along the line segment (b), still operating at high efficiency (80%). I do.

Furthermore, when the load becomes lighter and the condensing temperature falls below 40°C, the output contact (11) closes, so the input to the motor (1) fluctuates along the line segment 0·)K, and in this case too, high efficiency is achieved. (80%) Perform driving.

In this way, operation is achieved that maintains high efficiency regardless of the load level, so in Fig. 7, line segment (b),
The area surrounded by (-) and (d) corresponds to the difference in input to the electric motor (+)K, and the energy saving value is determined by operating in this area for a certain amount of time throughout the year. This means that power savings have been achieved.

In the example explained above, the main winding (2) K of the stator winding of the single-phase motor (1) has been treated for high efficiency operation. From the auxiliary winding (3) to the high load tap (15) (large number of turns) and the medium load tap (1
6) Pull out the three taps (medium windings) and the light load tap (17) (small windings), and connect each tap (15) to
It has a structure in which a load detection means (8) is provided between (17) and the 111th loss detector (4).

As mentioned above, this example shows that the stall torque can be increased by increasing the number of turns of the auxiliary winding (3), and when the number of turns is reduced, the high efficiency point moves toward low load. (See FIG. 5), and as shown in FIG. 8, high efficiency operation with an energy saving effect is performed in the same way as shown in FIG. 1.

Furthermore, the one shown in the third section is a composite of those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and has a high load tap +5+ from both the main winding (2) and the auxiliary winding (3). (+5), medium load tap +6+, (+6), light load tap +7+
, (+7) respectively and connect each output contact (9) to (
11), (19j to (21)) are provided, and a load detection means (8) is provided in which each of the windings (2), (3) ( If we choose one corresponding one for each, we will need an old one, and its characteristics will be as shown in Figures 6 and 9, so that it can be increased more effectively in response to changes in load. Achieves efficient operation.

In addition, in FIGS. 1 to 3, (12) is the contact (1
2-1) to (12-3), f+3) (is an outdoor fan morph that starts and stops in conjunction with the single-phase motor (1), (14) is a terminal board, ( 2 shows overcurrent relays, respectively.

As described in detail in each embodiment above, the present invention has the following features:
From at least one of the main winding (2) and the auxiliary winding (3), a plurality of taps, including the terminal tap, are selected depending on the degree of load, such as high load taps, medium load taps, low load taps, etc., When one tap is selected for a type of winding and connected to a power source with rated voltage, it is driven at a speed that is greater than the stall torque point speed and less than the synchronous speed, and close to the rated speed, and the corresponding load is applied. A fundenza-type single-phase induction motor (1) formed as a high-efficiency motor that can generate output at maximum efficiency is connected to a compressor, and a load detection device detects the degree of load applied to the compressor. A means (8) is disposed at an appropriate location in the discharge pipe or the refrigeration circuit, and in response to a command from the load detection means (8), a tap corresponding to the load is selected from among the plurality of taps of the single-phase induction motor (t+). By selectively connecting the air conditioner to the power source, which is classified as a type of machine with severe load fluctuations, the electric motor (1) as the prime mover is controlled so that it is always energized at maximum efficiency. It can be operated throughout the year with a high effective energy ratio, and the energy saving effect is outstanding.

In addition, the present invention is a control mode in which multiple taps of a single-phase induction motor (N) are selected and connected to a power source, which not only simplifies the control system but also provides economic advantages such as improved reliability and low cost based on the simplification. It is something that you have.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 are exploded views of the main parts of electric circuits on each side of the air conditioner of the present invention, and Figures 4 to 6-1, respectively.
The motor efficiency change diagrams corresponding to the figures and FIGS. 7 to 9 are diagrams similarly showing the relationship between operating conditions and motor input. FIG. 10 is an output-efficiency diagram of a general medium-phase induction motor. f+)...Koshidenza type single-phase induction motor, (2)...
・Main winding, (3)... Auxiliary winding, ゛(4
)...Start-up operation capacitor, (8)...Load detection means, +5), (+5)...High load tap, +6+
, (+6)...Medium load tap, +7) , (+7
)...Low load tap, Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 2 ' Figure 4 Electric power output (W)

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■, a high load tap, a medium load tap, including a terminal tap from at least one of the main winding (2) and the auxiliary winding (3);
If you draw out multiple taps selected according to the degree of load, such as low load taps, and select one tap for a type of winding and connect it to a power source with rated voltage, the stall torque point speed is greater than the synchronous speed. A capacitor-type single-phase induction motor fl+ formed into a small, high-efficiency motor capable of driving at a speed close to the rated speed and generating output at maximum efficiency for a corresponding load is connected to a compressor. On the other hand, a load detection means (8) for detecting the degree of load applied to the compressor is disposed at an appropriate location in the refrigeration circuit such as a discharge pipe, and a command from the load detection means (8) causes the single-phase induction motor to (1) A highly efficient operation type air conditioner characterized in that a tap corresponding to a load is selected from among the plurality of taps and connected to a power source.