JPS5815465B2 - Low or non-static ammonium nitrate explosive composition - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an ammonium nitrate explosive composition containing a specific surfactant and having very little chargeability or a non-chargeable ammonium nitrate explosive composition.

Ammonium nitrate explosives (hereinafter abbreviated as nitric oil explosives) are widely used because they do not contain highly sensitive sensitizing agents and are therefore safe in terms of manufacturing and handling, and are inexpensive.

Generally, nitrate explosives are loaded into holes in objects to be destroyed using a loading machine that uses compressed air. The particles collide with the inner wall surface of the loading hose and the perforated surface, causing friction and generating static electricity.

This static electricity builds up on the operator, the loading hose, the loading machine, and the particles of the nitric oil explosive, and if those charges are discharged all at once, there is a danger of detonating the electric detonator, and there is also a secondary risk of electric shock to the human body. Accumulation of static electricity is a major safety issue that cannot be ignored, as it has the potential to cause serious disasters.

Conventionally, as a countermeasure against static electricity, a metal container or a loading hose made of a good conductor was used, and these were completely grounded.

However, this countermeasure is intended to prevent the generated static electricity from accumulating on the operator, loading hose, and loading machine, but does not take into account the possibility that the particles of the nitric oil explosive will be charged. Therefore, it has been difficult to eliminate explosion accidents when the nitric oil explosives loaded into the borehole are charged with the group die.

In order to reduce the charge on the particles of the nitric oil explosive, the explosive 10
A nitric oil explosive composition containing 0.5 to 4 parts by weight of water per 0 parts by weight (Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-9678) is known.

However, in order to prevent deterioration in explosive performance due to direct contact between ammonium nitrate (hereinafter abbreviated as ammonium nitrate) and water, this nitric oil explosive composition uses a surfactant to separate water and fuel oil. It is manufactured by emulsifying to form an emulsion and mixing ammonium nitrate with the emulsion, which is complicated to manufacture because the emulsion must be formed, and the degree of non-static property is not perfect.

Furthermore, if stored for a long period of time, the emulsion would be destroyed, causing a decrease in explosive performance.

Furthermore, there was the inherent problem that explosive performance was low because it contained water.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of conventional nitric oil explosive compositions and to provide a nitric oil explosive composition that is easy to manufacture, has excellent stability over time, and has extremely excellent non-static properties.

As a result of extensive research into various surfactants that are easily dissolved or dispersed in fuel oil and do not react with nitric acid, the present inventors discovered a specific surfactant and completed the present invention.

The present invention provides a nitrate explosive composition containing nitric acid fuel oil as a main component, which has the general formula (in the formula, R is an alkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, and m is 2 to 30). This is a low or non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as a non-static nitric oil explosive composition) containing the polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether shown below.

The ammonium nitrate used in the present invention is usually granular ammonium nitrate, and the conventionally used porous granular ammonium nitrate (prilled ammonium nitrate) is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving explosive performance.

Examples of the fuel oil used in the present invention include heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, petroleum mineral oil such as liquid hydrocarbon, whale oil, seed oil, and coal tar.

In the present invention, in addition to the main components of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, additives such as pigments may be added to distinguish the explosive from other explosives.

A specific surfactant used in the present invention is a polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether represented by the above general formula, and is a compound in which the alkyl group in the formula has 6 or less carbon atoms or 11 or more carbon atoms, and m is 30 If the number of compounds is larger, the dissolution or dispersion in fuel oil will be insufficient, and the antistatic effect will be less, which is not preferable.

Due to its solubility or dispersibility in fuel oil and non-static effect,
A particularly preferred polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether is polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether in which the alkyl group in the general formula has 9 carbon atoms and m is 6.

Further, in the non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention, the content of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether represented by the above general formula is usually about 0.3 to 15% based on the fuel oil.
% (based on weight, the same applies hereinafter), preferably 0.5 to
It is 10%.

If the content is less than 0.3%, the antistatic effect will be small, and even if it exceeds 15%, the antistatic effect will not be significantly improved compared to the case where the content is 15%. Therefore, it is disadvantageous from an economic point of view.

The non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention comprising the above components can be easily produced by dissolving or uniformly dispersing the polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether in fuel oil and then mixing this with nitric acid. I can do it.

The obtained non-charged nitric oil explosive composition can be used as it is by being loaded into the perforation of the object to be destroyed, or it can be filled into a suitable packaging material to form an explosive cartridge, which is then placed into the perforation of the object to be destroyed. Load and use.

The non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention obtained as described above is significantly superior to conventional nitric oil explosive compositions containing water due to the action of the polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether. Since the present invention does not contain water, there is no need for a step of emulsifying water into fuel oil to form an emulsion, and the polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether used can easily be used as a fuel oil. The non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention is extremely easy to manufacture because it can be dissolved or dispersed in oil, and the polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether used reacts with ammonium nitrate to generate ammonia gas. The material has characteristics such as high explosive performance and no deterioration in explosive performance even after long-term storage.

Next, the non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.

Note that all parts and percentages in each example are based on weight.

Example 1 A non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition having the formulation shown in Table 1 was manufactured as follows.

First, 60 parts of No. 2 diesel oil was added with polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether (Nonion H3-204 manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.).
, 5) was dissolved, and then 940 parts of ordinary prill ammonium nitrate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added thereto and mixed well to obtain a non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition.

500 g of this non-charged nitric oil explosive composition was heated to a diameter of 190 mm.
The mixture was placed in a polyethylene bag having a length of 350 mm, both ends of which were closed, and the electrostatic potential of the bag was measured.

The charging voltage is measured by rotating the drug bag at a speed of 60 times per minute to generate static electricity, measuring the charging voltage on the outside of the bag with an electrostatic voltmeter (manufactured by Kasuga Denki Co., Ltd.), and calculating the number of frictions and the charging voltage. A voltage relationship curve was determined and the results are shown in FIG. 1 as a solid line as curve E-1.

In the figure, the number of times of friction N(n) is scaled on the horizontal axis, and the charging voltage E (Kv) is scaled on the vertical axis.

Note that the room temperature during the measurement was 8 to 10°C, and the humidity was 40 to 45%.

Further, the uncharged nitric oil explosive composition 190v was
A total of two medicine packets were manufactured by placing the powder into an iron tube of 5 gm, wall thickness of 3 mm, and length of 250 mm, with the specific gravity of the nitric oil explosive composition in the iron tube being 0.85.

One of the two tubes was immediately used for detonation velocity measurement, and the remaining one was stored for two months before being used for detonation velocity measurement.

The explosion speed was measured using a conventional counter method.

However, 50 grams of No. 2 Enoki dynamite was used as the explosive cartridge, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 2 to 5 Non-chargeable nitric oil explosive compositions were produced according to Example 1, except that the type of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether was changed as shown in Table 1.

Each cartridge was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using these non-chargeable nitric oil explosive compositions.

Using this medicine package, the charging voltage was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Figure 1, curves E-2, E-3, and E-3, respectively.
They are shown as solid lines as E-4 and E-5.

The detonation velocity was also measured using the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Examples 6 to 11 As shown in Table 1, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether having an alkyl group of 9 carbon atoms was used, and the amount of addition to No. 2 diesel oil was changed, respectively, in the same manner as in Example 1. A nitric oil explosive composition was produced.

However, in Example 10, the amount added was the same as in Example 1.

Using these non-chargeable nitric oil explosive compositions, cartridges were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

Using this medicine package, the electrostatic voltage was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Figure 1 as curves E-6, E-7, and E, respectively.
-8, E-9, E-10 and E-11 are shown as solid lines.

The detonation velocity was also measured using the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 As shown in Table 2, a non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition was produced according to Example 1 except that the polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether was replaced with Nonion MS-240 manufactured by NOF Corporation.

A medicine package was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using this non-chargeable nitric oil explosive composition.

Using this medicine package, the charging voltage was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 by a broken line as curve C-1.

The detonation velocity was also measured using the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 2 A nitric oil explosive composition containing no polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether as shown in Table 2 was produced as follows.

940 parts of ordinary prill ammonium nitrate (manufactured by Sumima Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was added to 60 parts of No. 2 diesel oil and mixed well to obtain a nitric oil explosive composition.

A cartridge was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using this nitric oil explosive composition.

Using this medicine package, the charging voltage was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 as curve C-2 by a broken line.

The detonation velocity was also measured using the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 3 A nitric oil explosive composition containing water as shown in Table 2 was manufactured as follows.

First, add 40 parts of water to 60 parts of No. 2 diesel oil, then add 1 part of an emulsifier (Dispanol 86, manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.) (stir to obtain an emulsion, and then add ordinary prill ammonium nitrate (Niman) to this. (manufactured by Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (mixed) to obtain a nitric oil explosive composition.

A cartridge was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using this nitric oil explosive composition.

Using this medicine package, the charging voltage was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in FIG. 1 by a broken line as curve C-3.

The detonation velocity was also measured using the same method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

All of them are manufactured by NOF Corporation, and Examples 1 to 5 are Nonion H8-204,5, Nonion H8-204,5 in order from Example 1.
210, Nonion H8-220, Nonion H8-230
, Nonion N5-zo4.5 was used, and Examples 6 to 11 used Nonion NS-206.

The amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether added is expressed in weight percent based on No. 2 light oil.

In FIG. 1, as is clear from curves E-1 to E-11 (Examples 1 to 11), the non-charging property of the non-charging nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention is It shows significantly superior non-static properties compared to curve C-2 (Comparative Example 2) showing the non-static properties of the nitric oil explosive composition of Curve C-3 (Comparative Example 3)
) shows excellent antistatic properties.

Particularly in Examples 6 to 11 in which polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether was used, the antistatic property clearly improved as the amount added increased.

However, as shown by curve C-1 (Comparative Example 1), the non-static property of the nitrate oil explosive composition using polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether in which the number (m) of oxyethylene groups is 40 increases as the number of frictions N increases. However, it shows a tendency to decrease after about 150 times.

Furthermore, as shown in Table 1, the detonation speed of the non-charged nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention is clearly compared to the detonation speed of the conventional nitric oil explosive composition containing water (Comparative Example 3) shown in Table 2. is a dog.

Furthermore, as shown in Table 1, the detonation velocity of the non-charged nitric oil explosive composition of the present invention changes little with time, whereas that of the conventional nitric oil explosive composition containing water as shown in Table 2. The composition (Comparative Example 3) shows a tendency for the explosion speed to decrease.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the number of frictions N and the charging voltage E, where the solid line shows the characteristics when using the non-chargeable ammonium nitrate explosive composition of the present invention, and the broken line shows the characteristics when using the conventional ammonium nitrate explosive composition. 2 shows the characteristics when using an ammonium nitrate oil explosive composition or an ammonium nitrate oil explosive composition outside the scope of the present invention. In the figure, the relationship between the curve and the example or comparative example is as follows. E-1: Example 1, E-2: Example 2, E-3: Example 3, E-4: Example 4, E-5: Example 5, E-6: Example 6, E- 7: Example 7, E-8: Example 8, E-9
: Example 9, E-10: Example 10, E-11: Example 11, C-1: Comparative example 1, C-2: Comparative example 2, C-3:
Comparative example 3゜

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an ammonium nitrate explosive composition containing ammonium nitrate and fuel oil as main components, the general formula (wherein R is an alkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, m is 2 to 30, 1. An ammonium nitrate oil explosive composition with low or non-electrostatic properties, characterized by containing a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether represented by the following. 2 Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether is a compound represented by the following formula, and the amount thereof is 0.0% relative to fuel oil.
3 to 15% by weight of the ammonium nitrate explosive composition with low or non-static chargeability according to claim 1.