JPS58154625A - Sensor for detecting illumination of whole sky - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect the illumination of thw whole sky even in a densely built-up area, by fitting separators forming light passing holes between a light collecting hole and a photosensor to prevent the reflected light from the inwall surface of a light shielding cylinder from being made incident to the photosensor. CONSTITUTION:The light collecting hole H1 with radius r1 is formed on the upper surface of the light shielding cylinder 1 having square sections of which the whole inside and outside surfaces are coated with delustering black paint and an illuminometer 2 having the photodetecting area of radius r2 (r2<r1) is attached to the bottom of the cylinder 1. In order to prevent the light from the light collecting hole H1 from being reflected by the inwall of the cylinder 1 and irradiated to the iluminometer 2, the separators 3-6 are fitted between the upper surface of the cylinder 1 and the illuminometer 2. When the whole sky luminance E' around the periphery of the zenith is to be measured by turning the cylinder 1 upwards, the whole sky illumination E is found from E=K.E' when a constant fixed by the shape of the whole sky illumination sensor ODS, a measuring time band and the weather at the time band is defined as K.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The zero-lighting pigeon corresponds to the residential lighting environment and has a light rate of 92, that is,
The illuminance of the phoenix light on any receiving surface in the house and the same ti#j
The present invention relates to a sensor for detecting total sky illuminance, which is used to measure the ratio of total sky illuminance on a horizontal plane, excluding direct sunlight.

Conventionally, when measuring luminous index, one of the two illuminance hands is set approximately in the center of any room in the house to be measured, since the luminous index is the ratio of the illuminance inside the house and the total sky illuminance. The other illuminance needle is set outside the residential area to detect the brightness of the room due to 1sIc of sunlight, and the other illuminance needle is set outside the residential area to detect the total sky illuminance on the horizontal plane excluding direct sunlight. For accurate detection, it is necessary that there be no buildings, trees, etc. that would leave light on the horizontal plane.

However, as a practical matter, most places where houses are built have some type of structure that obstructs the view on the horizontal plane, making it impossible to accurately measure the total sky illuminance. Even if the sensor is moved to a central IC in a relatively wide area, there will still be buildings in the surrounding area that will obstruct the view on the horizontal plane, and the extent to which the view will be obstructed will vary depending on each measurement area. Since the total sky illuminance is different for each, the detection of total sky illuminance (111 degrees) is not constant.As a result, the reliability of the station light rate measurement is poor, and the two light rate measurement results can only be used as a guide. Ta.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art by providing an all-sky illuminance detection sensor that detects all-sky illuminance from a limited nine ranges of zenith brightness and is capable of highly accurate detection even in densely populated residential areas (11 NICs). It's about doing.

Next, the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Shade tube 1 with a square cross section with matte black paint on the entire inside and outside.
A light intake hole H1 with a radius r1 is formed on the top surface, and an illuminance needle 2 with a light receiving area of a radius r2 (r2 (rl) is attached to the bottom surface of the hole H1, and a light receiving hole H1 with a light receiving area of radius r2 (rl) is attached to the bottom surface of the hole H1. Separators 6 to 6 are installed at predetermined intervals to prevent the light from the light intake hole H1 from being reflected on the inner wall surface of the light passage f[113 and irradiated with the illumination meter 2eC, and each separator The dimensions of the light passing holes H2 to H5 formed in 5 to 6 are the angle a connecting the center of the WA meter 2 and the light intake hole H1 with a straight line, and the radius r2 of the light receiving area of the illumination meter 2. The angles θ1 and θ2 connecting the maximum and minimum pupils of the inner periphery of the light intake hole H1 with a straight line are determined to have a specific predetermined relationship, and the total sky illuminance sensor ODS is set under each of these conditions. In the aid formed according to
When measuring the sky brightness E' around the zenith with the sensor facing upward, the total sky illuminance E is a constant X determined by the shape of the total sky illuminance sensor ○D8, the measurement time period, the weather at that time, etc. When 1 = 1', when measuring the total sky illuminance E, the illuminance in any room measured by a by an indoor illuminance sensor (not shown) is Es, and u is the light absorption rate in the house. The rate is expressed as a D = , (%), and the cumulative average tli [D' of nll measurements taken at arbitrary time intervals so as not to fluctuate due to weather, time of day, etc. expressed.

In order to increase the measurement M degree, this all-sky illuminance sensor OD8 is used as a general rule in accordance with the CIE Keyaki semi-standard sky, that is, the complete sky illuminance sensor OD8, where the ratio of the sky brightness Lθ at an altitude θ from the horizontal to the zenith brightness Lw is expressed as It is used under cloudy skies or similar conditions, and in this case, the all-sky illuminance sensor ODS can be directly attached to the tripod 7 as shown in Figure 1 and mounted horizontally, or it can be used freely as shown in Figure 5. It is attached via the rotating body 8 and the bracket 9 and is automatically set horizontally. At this time, if the measured value obtained by the illuminance meter 2 of the all-sky illuminance sensor OD8 is Iz, the all-sky illuminance E is , 1=Ex
, from the light intake hole H1 to the light receiving surface of the illumination needle 2 (2r2)
The incident luminous flux r is the illumination meter, and the average opening Ex of the 29 light surface (2r2) is l W
K , g z If the zenith part is measured and the zenith brightness Lm in the measurement range is constant, then as an example, θ1 = 14.26 @ 02 knee 5.0" rm "0.0205 Therefore r+" 0.0100 d-0,120 If El "= 5.0, K""47.5 If it is a uniform sky, K = x K' = 149.5 Similarly, θ1 = 10.0° θ and 5,0 @ r2zO,012 Therefore, r1 Tomio, o 3 b d=0.270 α=7.6, x'z18.3 Assuming a uniform sky, K=rK'=57.4 In this way, the total sky illuminance By multiplying the measured value of the illuminance needle 2 by a constant There are different effects depending on what you are looking for.

Next, the effects of the present invention will be explained.

In the present invention, a hole is formed on the top surface of the light-shielding tube whose inner surface is finished black, and a hole is formed at the top for letting in sunlight that corresponds to the brightness of the sky.
An optical sensor that generates an electric flux signal corresponding to the amount of light is installed at a predetermined depth position directly below the tip entrance hole of the light-shielding tube, and the reflected light from the inner wall surface of the light-shielding tube enters the optical sensor. In order to prevent this, the all-sky illuminance detection sensor is provided with a separator having a light passage hole formed in a lid with an arbitrary distance between the entrance hole and the optical sensor.

As a result, the present invention makes it possible to easily and accurately determine the total sky illuminance from a limited range of zenith brightness that can be detected with high precision even in densely populated residential areas, and to improve the spectral rate measurement value. This has the effect of significantly improving accuracy and reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 81 is a cutaway false sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cutaway plan view thereof, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the cane used. 1... Light shielding I@2... Illuminance meter 3-6... Separator vX'-ta Hl... Previous entry hole H2-H5... Light passing hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] The inner surface is finished black, and a light intake hole for nine solar rays is formed on the top surface of the round light shielding tube to correspond to the sky brightness. A light sensor that generates a corresponding electric signal is attached, and the rounded light intake hole and the light sensor prevent reflected light from the inner wall surface of the trailing light tube from entering the light sensor. An all-sky illuminance detection sensor comprising a separator having light passage holes formed at arbitrary intervals between l1lIc.