JPS58153009A - Combustion device for solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To continue a superior stable combustion by a method wherein some projected sub-combustion air supplier units are arranged in a combustion chamber and a sufficient volume of air is supplied to a central part of a combustion unit during a time from starting an initial combustion to a normal combustion. CONSTITUTION:When solid fuel is placed in a combustion chamber 23 and ignited therein, the primary air is bed from a primary air inlet 28 having an air volume adjustor (not shown) into a lower space 29, a part of the air is supplied from the primary air feeding port 22 opened at a grid 21 to the combustion chamber 23. The remaining air passes through the lower open ports 30 at the sub-combustion air supplier unit 24 and then is supplied to the combustion chamber 23 through the sub-combustion air supplying ports 26 and the ventilation holes 27. The secondary air passes from the secondary air inlet 18 arranged in an outer case 17 through an external passage 31 and then is supplied to the combustion chamber 23 from the secondary air supplier ports 20.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides hardened (4-rider) materials such as coal, wood ash, charcoal, briquettes, etc.
This relates to a combustor that uses paper.

Conventionally, various types and shapes of such solid fuel combustors have been considered and put into practical use. However, most of these combustors had a common drawback. This is unavoidable to some extent as long as the solid fuel is used as fuel, but this will be briefly explained below. After solid fuel is put into the combustor without being shredded, if a part of the fuel is ignited by some method, the fire cleanses on the surface of the fuel and gradually spreads to the entire surface.
After a certain period of time (approximately 1 hour), the solid fuel starts to flare up. This is because as the fire spreads and the solid fuel gradually heats up, unburnt components such as volatile components or partially oxidized components in the fuel gradually increase and their concentration increases. When it reaches the lower limit of the explosion range, it ignites and starts a flame.3 At this time, the unburned components include -carbon oxides, hydrocarbons, and other gases that are mainly harmful to the human body. is known to occur. And after 1”Z flame, Ail
Note 1: The residual life of harmful gases is extremely reduced, resulting in good combustion conditions.

Also, after the flame starts, it often becomes very large and reaches two parts outside the combustor.

In this case, the table in use is extremely dangerous, and
For example, if a kettle, pot, etc. is placed on top of the combustor, it often becomes a cooling object, causing the inconvenience that the flame is interrupted (the reaction is frozen) and a large amount of unburned components are generated. . This is because there is a lack of air in a certain part (usually the medium heat part), which slows down the combustion reaction and increases the size of the flame.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel combustor that improves the above-mentioned drawbacks and continues to perform good and safe combustion.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on drawings showing embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the invention. 1
is an exterior, 2 is a side wall having a plurality of secondary air supply ports 3, a bottom portion 5 having a plurality of primary air supply ports 224, and a plurality of multi-stage auxiliary combustion air supply ports for medium heat. 6, these are firstly connected to the side part 2.
After A and the interior 2B are integrally molded or processed, they are combined across a connecting portion 8 to form a combustion chamber 9.

Further, 10 is a heat collecting cover having a plurality of exhaust gases 111, and it is preferable to use a heat-resistant insulating material such as ceramic fiber, diatomaceous earth, or silicate for the parts that are in contact with the combustion chamber 9. In addition, a heat-resistant metal may be used to partially or completely constitute the solid fuel.At this time, the solid fuel is set in the combustion chamber 9, and a part thereof is ignited using an ignition agent or the like.

The secondary air then enters the lower space 14 from the primary air intake 13 with a shutter 12 for adjusting the air amount, where it is preheated and partly from the primary air supply 4 and partly from the auxiliary combustion The air supply [16 is supplied to the combustion chamber 9. In addition, the secondary air passes through the outer passage 16 from the plurality of secondary air inlets 115 provided at the bottom of the outer device, exchanges heat with the outer wall of the combustion chamber 9, becomes warm secondary air, and is supplied with secondary air. 1'' 3 to the combustion chamber 9. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the auxiliary combustion air supply section 7 is installed at one location in the combustion chamber 9 at approximately the middle temperature, and the second most stage through hole of the auxiliary combustion air supply 1-16 is located in the side wall 2. Secondary air supply provided in [-
13 and are set at approximately the same height. The fixed fuel tank 1 has a secondary air supply 1]3 on its upper surface.
Alternatively, it is necessary from the viewpoint of combustion characteristics that it be placed at the same position as the uppermost hole of the auxiliary combustion air supply port 6, but slightly below it. Further, at this time, the secondary air supply ports 3 may be arranged in multiple stages.

FIG. 2 also shows an embodiment of the invention in longitudinal section.

In the figure, 17 is an exterior that has a plurality of secondary air inlets 18, and 19 is a side wall that has a large number of secondary air supply ports 20, and is made of a heat-resistant heat insulating material as in the case of FIG. ing. Furthermore, 21 is a grate having a large number of primary air supply ports 22, including a bottom portion for receiving fuel in the combustion chamber 23, and three protruding auxiliary combustion air supply portions 24 in the combustion chamber 23. are integrally formed.

At this time, it is best to manufacture two parts by first molding or processing the -1 part 24A and the lower part 24B, and then joining them together at the connecting part 26.

However, the position of the connecting portion 26 and the h method are not limited to those in this embodiment, and it is of course possible to use other appropriate structures depending on the shape and manufacturing method of the combustor. And this means that the connecting portion 8 in FIG.
The same applies to

The auxiliary combustion air supply section 24 has a plurality of multi-stage auxiliary air supply 1] 26 formed on the side surface thereof, and an extraction hole 27 formed on the upper surface thereof. At this time, the grate is similar to the side wall 19.
Constructed of heat-resistant heat-insulating material or heat-resistant alloy such as stainless steel, cast metal, etc. When solid fuel is put into the combustion chamber 23 and ignited, the secondary air flows through the air amount regulator (
Primary air supply 11 enters the lower space 29 from a primary air supply 28 with (not shown) and partially opens in the grate 21:
l 22 to the combustion chamber 23, and the rest passes through the lower opening 30 of the auxiliary combustion air supply part 24, and is supplied to the auxiliary combustion air supply port 26,
It is supplied to the combustion chamber 23 through the hole 27. Further, the secondary air is supplied from the secondary air inlet ITI 18 provided in the outer device 8 through the outer passage 31 and from the secondary air supply [ ] 2o to the combustion chamber 2.
3. In this embodiment, the secondary air supply ports 20 are formed in two stages, and the auxiliary air supply ports 26 are formed in three stages, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. It is also possible to form both of them in a larger number of stages depending on the shape. In addition, the shape of the auxiliary combustion air supply section 24 is shown as being cylindrical in this embodiment, but it may also have a cross-sectional shape or a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle. It doesn't matter if it's shaped like a cone or a pyramid. Furthermore, if necessary, a heat collecting cover having a large number of exhaust holes as shown in FIG. 1 can be installed above the combustion chamber 23.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the auxiliary combustion air supply section 7゜24 is not provided with an air diffusion plate, but in Figs. The auxiliary combustion air supply section is shown in a vertical sectional view of the main part of the embodiment. 33(
34(a-h) are auxiliary combustion air supply cylinders; 34(a-h)
are the uppermost through holes of the auxiliary combustion air supply section, and 35 (a-h)
2nd stage through holes, 36(a-h) are extraction holes, Figures 4 to 10
37 (b-h) shown in the figure is a sleeve for mounting, 3B (e-h) shown in Figures 7 to 1o is a support, and 7°9.10
39 (e, g, h) shown in the figure are diffusion plate through holes.

In FIG. 3, the diffuser plate 32& is constructed integrally with the cylinder body 33a, but in FIGS. 4 to 10, the diffuser plate a2 (b-h) is integrated with the cylinder body 33 (b-h). The attachment is configured to be detachable via the sleeve 3 ends (b, h).

In addition, in FIGS. 7 to 10, the diffusion plate 32 (e - h
) is attached to the cylinder 33 (8) via the support 3a (e-h).
-h) are installed at appropriate intervals. Finally, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9.10, the diffuser plate 32 (
6, g, h), a plurality of through holes 39 (θ, g,
h) is provided. At this time, the through hole 39 (6, g,
The shape of h) is not limited to a round shape, but may be a flat shape, a polygonal shape, or various patterns based on a combination thereof. The number of supporting tools 3s (e-h) may also be several instead of one.

Further, in FIG. 10, the secondmost stage 34h and the second stage 36h of the auxiliary combustion air supply ports on the cylinder 33h are arranged in a staggered relationship with each other. Although the arrangement in other embodiments (FIGS. 3 to 9) may be used, the zigzag arrangement in FIG. 10 is preferable if possible. Of course, the relationship with the third and subsequent stages is also the same.

In addition, the diffusion plate 44 of the through hole 39 (6+ go h)
(e.

g, h) The porosity relative to the total area was between 10 and 80%, and the combustion characteristics were good with no major difference between the two. It's a trench, cylinder 33.
The ratio of the projected area of the diffuser plate viewed from -1- to the top area of (ah) was good between 1;2 and . Furthermore, the shape of the diffuser plates 32 (a-h) when viewed from above should be determined depending on the application, such as round, oval, or square. 1 The effects of this example will be explained in detail below.

The situation at A'/flame after the fuel is ignited is as described above, but it will be explained in more detail as follows. In a conventional combustor, when a part of the upper surface of the fuel is ignited by some method, the fire gradually spreads to the outside of the upper surface, and when it gets close to the side wall, it spreads to the side wall. It gradually spreads in the I-J direction. After the flame has spread sufficiently over the entire surface, the flame begins. On the other hand, in the case where the auxiliary combustion air supply parts 7, 24 are provided almost near the medium flame A/ζ of the combustion chambers 9, 23 as in this embodiment, a bubble is placed on the surface of the combustion chamber 9, 23. When one fire is started, the fire spreads according to the law as in the conventional example, but at the same time, the auxiliary combustion air supply sections 7 and 24 are flushed and the medium heat gradually spreads to the middle heat. Shifting to power, it is easy, but because the power or heat is concentrated around the medium-heat auxiliary combustion air supply parts 7 and 24 rather than the side flame ζr, the fire shifts to 1-power quite quickly. The flame will start (from around the auxiliary combustion air supply section 7°24), and in that state the flame will spread to the whole area, and then it will move to the normal state.

Here, the maximum value of 1-6 (petroleum, < 1.-) J IS-82019-1980 method) and commercially available 1. / Comparing the case when charcoal is burned, it becomes J2 in Table G. , Table As is clear from this table, the time required for 1'/flame 1 is approximately 1 minute, and the carbon oxide concentration is approximately 1. We were able to obtain the great effect of being able to reduce the cost to //4. The length of flame A' at the time of 1 is approximately 16 mm in diameter in this embodiment and in the conventional example.
With 4 charcoals of 0 turnips, 1) Same as in II, commercially available charcoal (compared to 1 cough when burning charcoal, both of them burn at a rate of about 2 OOO'/h) During baking,
In the conventional example, the height of the 1" flame is about 120 to 20 oM from the surface of the fuel, and its tip is higher than the heat collecting cover of the combustion chamber. In the state
) 7hi, -1Jj In the combustor in this example, the height of the flame is 40 to 801m, and the tip is almost 1cm higher than the heat collecting cover and trivet. In this way, in the conventional example, the appearance of the heat collecting cover 11 (11' ,☆
1. Even when a cooling object such as a yaka or small type is placed in the Δ cry, 1
The cooking reaction in the flame freezes midway through, resulting in the generation of unforeseen harmful components, odors, and
According to this example, the standing flame is 40 to 80.
As it is an M1r, there is no sense of danger in its appearance -1-, and even when using a kettle, pot, etc., the exhaust gas after it has completely burned will hit the bottom of the pot and be cooled down. To prevent harmful gases and odors from light/1. It is now possible to reduce the salary.

Furthermore, to add a little explanation about the state in which the fire moves from ignition to the first part, in the conventional example, when the fire hits the side wall and spreads to the first part, the side wall part This is due to the fact that the side wall exists there, and the packing density of the solid layer 4 in that area becomes smaller. In other words, the air gap in that part becomes larger, or in other words, the air path in that part becomes wider, allowing a relatively large amount of air to enter compared to other parts.

Everyone knows from experience that when starting a charcoal fire, you can reach the target faster by blowing on it or applying wind to it. Therefore, in order to speed up the flame transfer, it is important to send a relatively large amount of air. .
By providing 6, it is possible to supply more air, which has the effect of shortening the time required for the flame to rise. In addition, the diffuser plate 32 is provided with auxiliary combustion air (II for better mixing C with volatile components) during steady combustion.
It is clear from the fact that the length of the standing flame becomes shorter and shorter. The holes 39 provided in the diffuser plate 32 are designed to prevent the upper part of the diffuser plate 32 from becoming negative pressure, causing flames to be engulfed, and at the same time, due to lack of air, the remaining life of the tin η- to burn by 1 μm.
II
The thermal field 111 is reduced by .1., the diffusion is 4 fy, the red glow luminance of 32 is -1, and it has an attractive appearance. , 4)/hole 36 sunk into the 1-surface of the auxiliary combustion air supply portions 7, 24 also has the effect of recirculating 1) the passage 39 of the 11 expansion plate 321-! 1゛- Do.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the combustion θJ, +v+ is removed from the steady-state combustion furnace, outside air is injected for 1° into the medium-heat section of the combustion chamber 7Ig according to the configuration of this embodiment. , by supplying air to the medium heat part of conventional hard cedar burners, various inconveniences caused by the lack of air supply to the medium heat part can be greatly improved. , Even in its appearance, it has a fire that gives a sense of security, and it is not possible to provide a vessel. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the air supply section 1'H, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3 to FIG. 1゜7.24 - . . . auxiliary combustion air I" (supply section, 9, 23 . . .
Enjo, room, 32 (+1-h) - Enlarged 11th evening board.

Name of agent: J State 111 Kazumasa Nakao') 3I
A, or 1 person Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 10

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) 'Part'-1: A combustion chamber with air supply [1] in the lower part and side part of the tower, formed of heat-resistant insulation, and a ventilation grate that holds solid fuel in the combustion chamber. 13 of the 111th combustion chamber.
A solid fuel combustor having a structure in which an auxiliary combustion air supply part is provided that protrudes toward the inside of the combustion chamber from part 11jI. (2) The solid fuel combustor according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary combustion air supply section is provided at one or more locations. (3) The solid fuel combustor according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary combustion air supply section (is formed from a part of the section H forming the combustion chamber). (4) The auxiliary combustion air supply section is formed of a part of the section forming the grate of the solid fuel combustor 3° according to claim 1. (5) Combustion auxiliary air supply section +d: A plurality of holes are installed in multiple stages, and at least the topmost hole among the holes is approximately the same as the surface of the solid fuel layer. Is it a device that is better than that?H, II''i of the patent claim, which is configured to be a device more than that.
Pottery. (6) In the soil part of the auxiliary combustion air supply section, add dl, and if necessary, add a plurality of through holes to Section 1 1 d゛The solid natural moon burning of the fifth book'' 14 pieces. (7) The 11th stage through hole of the auxiliary combustion air supply section and the side -1
Part of the air supply 1-1 is formed at approximately the same height. (8) On the surface of the auxiliary combustion air supply section, one or several holes are provided depending on the area. .