JPS58152114A - Exhaust gas cleaning muffler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable efficient and easy removal of a pollution substance, by forming a body case into the shape in which it can be tightened and released from tightening. CONSTITUTION:A case body 1 of an exhaust gas cleaning muffler consists of a lower case part 2 and an upper case part 3, and has an exhaust gas inlet 4 and an exhaust gas outlet 5. The body is formed in the shape approximately similar to an ellipevid on the whole, the lower case part 2 is almost embedded in a vehicle hood, and the upper case part 3, housing a multilayered filter, emerges from a vehicle hood 7 to form a compact device. The lower case part 2 is coupled to a manifold at the gas inlet 4, has a catalyst layer 13 in an approximately horizontal direction at the gas inlet side, and has a bored gas hole in the upper part of the catalyst layer 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification muffler for vehicles such as construction machinery.

Conventionally, when operating construction machinery, loading machinery, etc. in tunnel construction, subway construction, or other closed spaces such as mines, it has generally been necessary to purify the engine exhaust gas from the viewpoint of working environment hygiene. It is being done. As means for purifying such exhaust gas, a catalytic muffler for the purpose of reducing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, etc. in the exhaust gas, and a water muffler for the purpose of reducing smoke in the exhaust gas have already been proposed. ing. However, a catalytic muffler cannot remove smoke from exhaust gas, and a hydraulic muffler cannot remove carbon monoxide, etc. from exhaust gas, so both have insufficient purification ability. Then,
All of the conventional mufflers mentioned above are heavier than normal mufflers, and the catalyst muffler and water muffler are separate, so if installed on the engine hood, it may obstruct the operator's view or cause damage to surrounding objects such as tunnel inner walls. creating a risk of interference with Furthermore, in the case of a catalytic muffler, it is necessary to replace the catalyst from time to time, and in the case of a water muffler, it is necessary to replenish or replace the water, but with conventional muffler structures, it is difficult to replace the catalyst. In addition, it is necessary to constantly replenish large amounts of water in a short period of time, but the conventional structure requires too much effort and has many drawbacks, such as poor serviceability.

Therefore, the present applicant has developed a catalyst that has the function of adsorbing harmful molecules and the function of removing smoke at the same time.It has a considerably large reaction or filtration area, is highly efficient, and has a thin and low profile that does not obstruct visibility. By attaching the case to a hinge, the entire muffler can be opened wide, and serviceability can therefore be significantly improved.
Patent application 1976-76027). However, with this muffler and shoes, the upper and lower cases are divided by a hinge and are not completely separated, so serviceability is still somewhat inadequate when it comes to cleaning or replacing filters, etc. In addition, it is difficult to attach a sealing gasket to a joint that is divided by a hinge, and since part of the filter is plate-shaped, the filtration area may not be sufficient for large engines. In order to make this into a dog, it is necessary to make the muffler body large to some extent, which may again cause poor visibility. Furthermore, there are still some inadequacies, such as the temperature of the muffler body rising due to exhaust heat and the operator being exposed to radiant heat.

The present invention further improves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art as well as the inadequacies of the applicant's previous application. In an exhaust gas purifying muffler installed on a vehicle hood, the muffler includes a main body case whose outlet portion is open to the atmosphere, and the main body case has upper and lower case parts that are removably fitted by a coupling means that can be tightened and released. the lower case is connected to the manifold at the gas inlet and embedded into the vehicle hood at the peripheral portion;
The internal gas inlet side has a catalyst layer in the horizontal direction, a vertical cylindrical filter layer is provided in the upper case, and the bottom of the filter layer is provided with an airtight plate forming a part of the catalyst case in the center,
A gas vent is provided at the bottom periphery, and exhaust gas enters from the inlet, passes through the horizontal catalyst layer, is guided to the outside of the vertical cylindrical filter through the gas vent, and then passes through the filter layer to the center. The combustion gas is characterized by being discharged from the exhaust gas outlet above the combustion gas, thereby removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide gas, as well as unburned carbon or fine ash, etc. suspended in the combustion gas. It is designed to be removable, efficient, and easier to service.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 are front views showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view taken along line If-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. [It is a partially sectional plan view taken along the -I line. First, the case body 1 of the exhaust gas purifier 77r of this embodiment consists of a lower case part 2 and an upper case part 3, and includes a gas inlet part 4 and a gas outlet part 5 connected to the exhaust gas manifold of the engine. . In addition, the overall shape of this embodiment is close to an elliptical mound, and the lower case part 2 is almost embedded in the vehicle foot, and the upper case part 3, which houses the multilayer filter, protrudes above the vehicle hood 7, making it compact. It has a good shape and does not obstruct the operator's view. In addition, the lower case part 2 is pre-installed with ordinary bolts and nuts 6.
The upper case part 3 is screwed onto the lower case part 2 using wing nuts 8 and butterfly screws 8' so that the upper and lower case parts can be quickly and easily installed and removed.

The lower surface of the lower case part 2 is shaped like a lower case taper part 9, which is convenient for mounting in the vehicle hood 7 and does not interfere with other parts of the vehicle width hood, and also improves the flow of exhaust gas. It has a shape that follows. The lowest part of the lower case part 2 is the gas inlet part 4 that connects to the engine manifold, but the shape that rises into the lower case part 2 is due to its relative position with the manifold, and although it is straight in the front view, it has a side profile. In the figure, it is slightly slanted. The upper part of the gas inlet riser pipe 10 is a blind plate 11, and gas outlet holes 12 are provided on the front, rear, left, and right sides, so that the exhaust gas having upward kinetic energy from the manifold is directed only to the middle part of the catalyst layer 12. To avoid strong contact, once the gas hits the blind plate 11, it is dispersed in all directions through the gas outlet holes 12, so that it hits the entire lower surface of the catalyst layer as evenly as possible. Further, the catalyst layer 13 includes a plurality of horizontally provided punching plates 14 and a partition plate 1.
The punching plate 14 is in contact with the inner surface of the shallow elliptical mound-like structure in the upper half of the lower case part 2, is supported inside the catalyst case 16 of the same shape, and has reinforcing ribs. 17 to maintain a flat state.

The catalyst layer has a planar plate shape with a large area and is made of pellets 1.
5 structure, the contact reaction area is widened, and the lower part of the lower case part 2 is buried in the vehicle width hood to maintain the reaction temperature at an appropriate temperature, thereby preventing harmful carbonization of carbon oxides, aldehydes, etc. Hydrogen, sulfur dioxide gas, etc. are quickly adsorbed onto pellet-like, honeycomb-like, or spongy adsorbents made of materials suitable for adsorption, and are chemically purified here. Further, a partition plate 18 having an oval-like shape is provided above the catalyst layer 13 of the lower case portion 2, as shown in FIG.
The part corresponding to the innermost part is an airtight plate 20 to eliminate gas flow, and the surrounding area, that is, the part corresponding to the outside of the vertical cylindrical filter as shown in FIG. 3, and the line touching the lower edge of each filter. A gas vent 21 of an appropriate size is provided between the
The structure is such that the amount of gas passing through each layer filter 19 is averaged to prevent partial clogging. In this embodiment, the innermost partition plate 18 is doubled and reinforced, and the handle 22 shown in FIGS. It is configured so that it can be detachably attached to and removed from the lower case portion 2, thereby allowing the catalyst pellets 15 to be replaced extremely easily and efficiently.

Next, as mentioned above, in this embodiment, the upper case 3, which can be quickly mounted and removed on the lower case part by means of a hinged hinge, has an elliptical shape that fits the lower case part 2, as shown in each figure. It has a shape similar to that of a burial mound, and when it is installed, the 7 flange 24 of the upper case part 3 is adapted to the heat insulating sealing gasket 31 embedded in the groove of the lower case part flange 23, and the wing nut 8 is quickly tightened. Bye. Therefore, the upper case part 3
The main structure of this embodiment is that a plurality of filters 19 having a shape similar to a vertical cylindrical elliptical end are arranged concentrically (parfocal if elliptical), and the filter material is a laminated or cotton-like material. Suitable materials include glass wool, rock wool, and heat-resistant felt made of metal fibers. In this example, stainless steel fibers were used. A spacer 32 with a constant thickness is provided between the filters.
are provided at regular intervals to make the distance between the filters 19 constant three-dimensionally, and as described above, the exhaust gases that have passed through the gas vents 21 of the partition plate 18 provided at the upper part of the lower case part 2 are removed. The gas is allowed to pass from the outside of the filter 19 toward the center, and then is allowed to flow out toward its upper gas outlet. During this time, the filter 19 mainly physically filters and removes unburned carbon particles, combustion ash particles, etc. in the exhaust gas.

As described above, by increasing the size of the gas passage hole 21 provided in the upper part of the lower case part 2 toward the outside, particles in the smoke are adhered to and removed from each layer of the filter as evenly as possible. Since the outer side 37 of the upper case 3 and the gas outlet part 5 of the upper case 3 and the filter case top cover 36 are integrally constructed, the vertical cylindrical filter 19 of each layer can be quickly and easily cleaned or replaced as soon as it is lifted by the handle 35. In addition, since the catalyst and/or filter can be easily increased or decreased, serviceability is further improved, such as being able to be used for other models with different engine capacities.

In addition, the filter case top cover 36 and filter case side wall 37 of the upper case part 3 have a double structure, and a spacer 33 is provided therein as well as a heat insulating layer 38 so that the operator is not exposed to radiant heat from the muffler body. This enables comfortable operations. Furthermore, since the gasket 31 is provided on the flange portion of both the upper and lower case mounting surfaces 7 as described above, the exhaust gas purifying muffler of the present invention is of a closed type, so that it can be passed through the side wall of the upper case portion 3 as shown in FIG. The upper case internal pressure detection pipe 39 is provided, and the lower case internal pressure detection pipe 40 is connected to the pressure gauge in the driver's seat through the tapered part of the lower case 2, so that the driver can always check the internal pressure of each case. If these gauges indicate a rise in pressure, you can tell which one or both are causing the blockage, and depending on the level of pressure, you can open the interior and take a look. Even if not, it becomes possible to accurately know when to replace one or both of the catalyst layer and the filter layer. Alternatively, the same purpose can be achieved by using only one pressure gauge and using a switching cock.

The embodiments have been described in detail above, but to further add to the effect of the exhaust gas purification muffler of the present invention, the catalyst case and filter are integrated and compactly contained in one muffler unit body. In addition to chemical and physical purification being carried out in the 77 case, both the catalyst layer and the filter layer are configured to be removable, and the handles are attached, and pressure indicating pipes are provided in both cases as explained above. Serviceability has been significantly improved compared to the prior art because it has become possible to accurately predict when to replace the layers and/or filters. In addition, by adopting a vertical multi-layer configuration for the single filter layer, the shape is much more compact than conventional filters with the same performance, which improves the operator's visibility and makes it easier to see around the surrounding area when using the filter in closed areas such as tunnels. No more interference with walls, etc.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the muffler of the present invention allows the catalyst and filter to be replaced and increased or decreased extremely quickly, so that when the vehicle is used outdoors, the catalyst or filter can be easily reduced or removed. .

It should be noted that the vertical cylindrical shape of the filter in the above embodiments may have a circular cross section or a rectangular shape with curved corners.In addition, if it is similar to an ellipse, the direction of its long axis will be determined by the direction of its attachment to the engine. Depending on the relative position, it may be perpendicular to, parallel to, or diagonal to the traveling direction of the vehicle width.If the operator's visibility is particularly important, it is preferable to place the long axis on the line connecting the operator's seat position and the exhaust gas purifying muffler of the present invention. Combine,
If possible, if the ratio between the major axis and the axis corresponding to the minor axis is made as large as possible, an exhaust gas purifying muffler with high performance and even more convenient operation can be obtained. Therefore, even with these examples, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the above embodiments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially sectional front view showing one embodiment of the exhaust gas purification muffler of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially sectional side view taken along line 1-M in Fig. 1, and Fig. FIG. 1 is a partially sectional plan view taken along line 1-11 in FIG. 2-. Lower case part, 3... Upper case part, 4... Gas inlet part, 5...
... Gas outlet section, 7 ... Munitions hood,
8... Butterfly nand, 8'... Butterfly screw, 9
... Part of the lower case taper, 10 ... Gas inlet riser pipe, 11 ... Blind plate, 12
...Gas outlet hole, 13...Catalyst layer,
14... Punching plate, 15...
Catalyst pellets, 16...Catalyst case,
18: Partition plate, 19: Vertical cylindrical filter, 20: Airtight plate, 21: Gas vent, 22: Handle, 23:...
Lower case part flange, 24... Upper case part 7 flange, 31... Heat insulation sealing gasket, 33... Spacer, 35... Handle,
36... Filter case top lid, 37-...
Filter case side wall, 38...insulating material layer,
39... Upper case internal pressure detection pipe, 40...
...Downward II # II # I.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) The inlet portion is connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine,
In an exhaust gas purifying muffler installed on a vehicle hood, the main case includes a main case whose outlet part is open to the atmosphere, and the main case has an upper case part that is removably fitted by a coupling means that can be tightened and released. The lower case is connected to the manifold at the gas inlet and fitted to the vehicle hood at the peripheral part, and has a catalyst layer horizontally along the gas inlet side, and the catalyst layer of"
A gas vent is provided in the second part, and an upper case part having a vertical cylindrical filter layer therein is fitted onto the gas vent, and exhaust gas enters from the inlet part and passes through the catalyst layer in the direction of water flow. The exhaust gas purifying muffler is characterized in that the gas is then allowed to pass through the vertical cylindrical filter from the outside to the center through the gas passage hole, and is further discharged from the upper exhaust gas outlet. (2) The catalyst layer is comprised of a layer of catalyst pellets held substantially horizontally by a punching plate, and is installed in a catalyst case fitted in the lower case part. The exhaust gas purification muffler according to item 1. (3) The lower case part is provided with a partition plate on the upper part of the catalyst layer, the gas vent is bored in a relatively peripheral part of the partition plate, and the central part is an airtight plate, and the part of the airtight plate The exhaust gas purifying muffler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the muffler engages with a portion surrounded by the lower edge of the innermost vertical cylindrical filter. (4) The catalyst gas is provided with a handle on the upper side of the airtight plate in the substantially central part of the partition plate attached to the upper part thereof, so that the catalyst gas can be easily removed from the lower case part as a whole. An exhaust gas purification muffler according to any one of claims 1 to 3. (5) The exhaust gas purification muffler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vertical cylindrical filter is one in which cylindrical air-permeable materials are arranged concentrically. (6) The exhaust gas purification muffler according to claim 5, wherein a spacer of equal thickness is inserted between the concentric vertical cylindrical filters. (Force) The exhaust gas purification muffler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the exhaust gas purification muffler has a lower tapered portion of the lower case buried in the vehicle hood. (8) Claims 1 to 5, wherein the means for connecting the upper case part and the lower case part are of a wing nut or wing screw tightening structure so that the connection and separation can be performed completely and quickly. The exhaust gas purification muffler according to any one of Clause 7. (9) The coupling method of the upper case part and the lower case part is
The exhaust gas purification muffler according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a gasket is provided between the joining 7 flanges of the upper and lower cases to provide an adiabatic sealing system. (10) Any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the upper case part has a double plate structure including an outer part and an upper lid part, and a heat insulating material layer is inserted inside both plates. Exhaust gas purification muffler described in.