JPS5815026B2 - Classifier - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a classification system that classifies fine aggregate containing fine particles produced by crushed stone, chemical substances containing fine particles, etc. into fine particles with a small particle size and coarse particles other than fine particles in a stepless manner according to the particle size. It is related to the device.

Currently, there is a tendency to aim for effective use of resources based on the social background of pursuing energy and resource conservation.
Furthermore, there is a tendency to try to improve the environment from the standpoint of pollution prevention, and as an aid to these efforts, classification devices are used in various industrial fields, and the need for them is gradually increasing.

As an example, we will explain the production of fine aggregate using crushed rock.Currently, fine aggregate has been depleted to the point where it is completely impossible to economically extract it from river gravel, and the demand for fine aggregate is increasing year by year. is following.

When producing fine aggregate (crushed sand), first, the raw stone that has been broken into small pieces by blasting, etc. is crushed using a crusher such as a show crusher or a sand machine such as a rod mill, and then it is sorted using a sorter such as a screen. It produces various types of aggregates.

In other words, in the final stage, fine aggregate is produced from raw materials with a particle size of approximately 57IL11L or less, but since the rock is crushed by compression and shearing, the particle size is 0.
．． It contains many so-called fine particles of 157n11 or less, and even if they are small, they account for about 20% of the raw material, and when used as fine aggregate, the amount of fine particles must be reduced to 15% or less. , it is necessary to classify only the fine particles and eliminate them.

The same can be said in the chemical industry and other industrial fields, where the demand for highly accurate and highly efficient classification equipment is increasing.

However, all of the currently known classification devices have serious drawbacks that impede classification.Hereinafter, these devices will be roughly divided into two groups and their drawbacks will be described.

(1) Using a sieve net■ The practical limit for particle size that can be classified is about 0.6 mm, and the separation point is high.

■ If the moisture content is 3% or more, clogging will occur and classification will be difficult.

■ The lower the separation point, the more the processing capacity will be drastically reduced.

■ If the mesh size is small, the wire diameter will become thinner, resulting in poor durability.

(2) Air classification ■ Classification is difficult if the moisture content of the raw material is 2% or more.

■ The equipment is large compared to the classification throughput.

■ The fine particles that adhere to the coarse particles of the raw material fall together with the coarse particles and cannot be separated, resulting in low classification accuracy.

(3) Due to moisture edge ■ Requires large-scale sewage treatment facilities.

■ Large quantities of fresh water must be constantly supplied.

■ Depending on the product use, it may be necessary to remove the moisture from the classified raw materials using a dryer, etc.

The present invention has been researched and developed in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has completed a completely new device that satisfies the characteristics required of a classification device.

The purpose of the present invention is to have high classification accuracy and classification efficiency, and to be unaffected by the condition of raw materials (moisture content, etc.).
The object of the present invention is to provide a classification device that is capable of multiple classifications, allows easy change of separation points, does not generate pollution, and has a simple structure with a small installation area.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

First, the configuration of the device is such that a machine frame 2 is supported on a machine base 1 so as to be able to vibrate freely, and a plurality of classification plates 3...3 are attached to the machine frame 2.
are arranged in the vertical direction, and the coarse grains, which are raw materials to be treated other than fine grains among the raw materials to be classified, are transferred from the raw material supply sections 3a, 3a, and so on to coarse grains. falling end 3b,
It is installed in an inclined state so that it falls in an inclined direction toward 3b.

Although it is not possible to set a clear limit for the fine particles among the classified raw materials, it refers to those that are small in size and lightweight and are therefore less affected by gravity, and the term coarse particles refers to various materials other than the above-mentioned fine particles. refers to a mixture of particles of different sizes.

The machine frame 2 is supported by a spring body 8 (coil spring) between the machine frame 2 and the machine base 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
By using an air spring, a composite of rubber and a spring, etc., the support can be freely vibrated.

In addition, in the machine frame 2, a plurality of (two in this example) classification plates 3 made of flat plates or slightly curved plates are arranged in the vertical direction as shown in Fig. 2. The classification plates 3.degree.3 are arranged so that they overlap each other except for the upper and lower portions, and the vertically adjacent classification plates 3.sub.3 are made to be inclined so that their downward inclination directions are opposite to each other.

The number of classification plates 3, 3, etc. is determined according to the required classification accuracy, and is not limited to two as in the embodiment, but three, which increases the classification accuracy. It may be more than that.

- In addition, it is preferable to use wear-resistant metal for the classification plates 3, 3, etc., and a protruding plate may be provided to prevent movement of raw materials with large particle sizes in the excitation direction. It is.

Although not shown, it is more preferable that the inclination angles of the classification plates 3, 3, .

Next, the fine particle falling end 3b' is inserted into the machine frame 2 from the raw material supply parts 3a, 3a... of the classification plates 3, 3...
, 3b', .

Here, the direction in which the fine particles are moved is the classification plate 3°3...
Even if the downward angle of inclination from the raw material supply parts 3a, 3a... to the fine particle raw material falling ends 3b', 3b'... is small or upward, the fine particles cannot be collected. This is a direction with a large upward inclination angle because it can be moved, and reciprocating linear vibration or reciprocating elliptical vibration is applied in an oblique direction because it moves fine particles.

The reciprocating vibration means 4 in the embodiment is an unbalanced way t provided on the drive shafts 4a, 4a rotating at high speed.
- By synchronizing the centrifugal force of 4b and 4b, the machine frame 2
, and the classification plates 3, 3, . It's okay.

Although the specific structure is not shown, the reciprocating vibration means 4
It is preferable that the vibration amplitude, frequency, and direction of vibration be changed so that it can correspond to the specific gravity, particle size, etc. of the raw material.

Next, a particle guide plate 5 is placed directly below the particle falling end 3b'... of the classification plate 3 excluding the lowest classification plate 3.
.
and a classification coarse grain receiver 7 is arranged.

Here, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the falling width t of the fine particle falling edge 3b' of the classifying plates 3 excluding the lowermost classifying plate 3 is If the width is narrower than T, only fine particles with extremely small particle sizes can fall downward, which improves classification accuracy, which is preferable.

In addition, since the raw material falls steplessly according to the particle size at the coarse particle falling end 3b of the lowermost classification plate 3, there are classification partitions (not shown) in the coarse particle receiver 7 according to the set separation points. It is preferable to provide a movable classification partition so that two or more classifications can be carried out, and to change the separation point as appropriate if the classification partition is provided movably.

Note that 9 in the figure is a raw material supply body, and 10 and 11 are classified waste discharge troughs.

Therefore, when classifying the raw material A containing fine particles using the classifier of the present invention, first feed the raw material A to the uppermost classification plate 3, and the fine raw material of the raw material A is Due to the vibration action caused by the vibration, the raw material supply part 3a moves in the direction of vibration from the raw material supply part 3a toward the fine particle falling end 3b', and the coarse raw material with a large particle size moves in a direction with a large downward slope from the raw material supply part 3a due to the action of gravity. At the same time, the raw material to be treated that falls at an angle and has an intermediate particle size moves in a radial direction from the raw material supply section 3a due to the synergistic effect of the vibration action and the gravitational action in accordance with the diameter, and due to these actions, the raw material to be treated has an intermediate particle size. As shown in FIG.
Grain size can be classified steplessly from large to small in proportion to the size of the downward slope.

In other words, this principle is based on the vibration effect, in which when a diagonal reciprocating vibration is applied to a material, the material moves according to the vibration, as shown in Figure 4, and the vibration effect in which the material moves when it is supplied onto an inclined surface, as shown in Figure 4. This is achieved by simultaneously realizing the effect of gravity on the plate surface, which causes the particles to fall along an inclined surface.For small particles, the effect of vibration is greater than the effect of gravity, and the On the contrary, for coarse particles with large diameters, the influence of gravity is greater than the influence of vibration, so it is possible to classify raw material A containing fine particles in a stepless manner, and at the same time, it is possible to classify coarse particles with large diameters. The method vibrationally separates fine particles that adhere to the surface of coarse particles during movement.

Then, the fine particles of the raw material A to be processed that has been classified steplessly by the classification plate 3 fall from the fine particle falling end 3b' and are guided to the classified fine particle receiver 6 by the guide plate 5. The particles fall from the coarse particle falling end 3b and are supplied to the next classification plate 3.

This classification plate 3 is also subjected to the same action as the uppermost classification plate 3, and the remaining fine particles that have fallen together with the coarse particles with large particle sizes move in the vibration direction as described above and fall from the fine particle falling end 3b'. , other coarse particles fall from the coarse particle falling end 3b while being classified steplessly according to their particle size, and the classification action is repeated as many times as the number of classification plates 3, 3... It is something.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the lowermost classification plate 3, the fine particles of the raw material A to be treated are divided into those that have fallen from the fine particle falling end 3b' and those that have been guided by the fine particle guide plate 5. The coarse particles other than fine particles are collected in the classified fine particle receiver 6 and discharged, and the coarse particles other than the fine particles fall from the coarse particle falling end 3b to the classified coarse particle receiver 7 and are discharged. This figure shows the case of two classifications, but in addition to the examples, if one or more classification partitions are provided in the classification coarse grain receiver 7 according to the separation points, multiple classifications can be performed, and the classification partitions can be moved. If you make it flexible, you can also change the separation point.

In this way, raw material A may require coarse grains with a large particle size, fine grains, or
Alternatively, there are various methods such as those that eliminate fine particles and coarse particles of large particle size and utilize particles of intermediate particle size, and it is possible to respond to all kinds of classification requests with highly accurate stepless classification. It is possible.

The classification device of the present invention is constructed and used as described above.
- Since it can do so, it has the following effects.

(1) The classification accuracy is high due to multistage classification using a plurality of classification plates 3, 3, . . . .

(2) Since the feed raw material is continuously classified and does not contain factors that inhibit classification such as clogging, classification can be performed with high efficiency.

(3) Moisture content of raw material is 6-7% despite dry classification
There are no strict restrictions due to raw material conditions.

(4) Since raw materials can be classified steplessly, it can respond to all classification requests.

(5) Since it is a stepless classification, it is easy to change the separation point and perform multiple classifications.

(6) Since water, air, etc. are not used, there is no pollution caused by dust or sewage, and there is no need for incidental equipment for pollution prevention.

(7) Since the structure is extremely simple, the equipment cost is low, and since the plurality of classification plates 3, 3, . . . are arranged vertically, the installation area can be small.

(8) Since it does not contain short-lived parts such as nets, and there are no failure points, maintenance and inspection are easy and running costs are low.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the classification device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional front view of the same device, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the vibration action by the classification plate of the same equipment, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the gravity action by the classification plate of the same equipment, and Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the same equipment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the classification state by the classification plate. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the classification state by the lowermost classification plate of the apparatus. 1... Machine base, 2... Machine frame, 3...
...Classifying plate, 3a... Raw material supply section, 3b...
... Coarse particle falling end, 4 ... Reciprocating vibration means, 5.
...Fine particle guide plate, 3b'...Fine particle falling end, 6...Classified fine particle receiver, 7...Classified coarse grain bone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A machine frame 2 is supported on the machine frame 1 so as to be able to vibrate freely, and a plurality of classification plates 3, 3, . , same classification board 3
, 3..., the coarse particles that are the processing raw materials other than the fine particles among the classified processing raw materials are the raw material supply parts 3a, 3a...
The raw material supplying section 3a of the classification plates 3, 3, . , 3a to the particle falling ends 3b', 3b', . . . A reciprocating vibration means 4 is provided so that the particles move from the particle falling ends 3b', 3b', . . .・Particle falling end 3b'・
A fine grain guide plate 5 is provided directly below the fine grain guide plate 5, and furthermore, a classified fine grain bone 6 and A classification device characterized in that a classified coarse grain bone 7 is arranged.