JPS58146343A - Tooth gum orthodontic method and bracket therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Various methods of attaching orthodontic brackets to teeth are known. These methods often use positive dental arches or models to properly adjust and position the brackets. Two basically different methods are used. 1
One method is called direct binding and the other is called indirect binding. Additionally, conventional methods of completing malocclusion treatment using coplanar wire arches without buccal-lingual steps or other adjustments may also be utilized. This method is described in US Pat. No. 4,014,096 and US Pat. No. 3,949,478.

This invention provides a new method of forming an interfacial layer on the base of a conventional bracket. Each interface layer is formed to a thickness that provides the torque, apex, and labio-lingual offset necessary to correct each tooth to the desired occlusal position. An important aspect of this method is to create a positioning surface on the maloccluded teeth, such as by applying an adhesive bonding material or platelets to the teeth. The locator provides a reference point and allows for precise alignment for bonding the bracket to each tooth.

Generally speaking, this method involves first forming a locating surface, making an impression of the tooth with the locating surface, forming a working mold from the impression, and casting. repositioning the tooth to the desired occlusal position, fixing the bracket to the surface of the mold that is a replica of the positioning surface formed on the tooth, and at the same time forming an interfacial filling material therebetween;
The process consists of removing the bracket and interfacial filling material from the molded tooth, and finally positioning and securing the bracket and attached interfacial filling material to the patient's tooth.

Each bracket and interfacial filling material is bonded to a respective tooth by matching the impression of the interfacial layer with the tooth positioning mechanism.

The primary objective of this invention is to provide a new method of orthodontics that avoids much of the guesswork required with conventional methods.

Another object of the invention is a method for applying brackets to maloccluded teeth of a patient in such a way that necessary corrections for apex, torque and labial-lingual offset are taken into account when attaching the brackets to the teeth. The goal is to provide the following.

Another objective is to simplify the dentist's work and to develop a method that does not require much skill, yet provides reliable and accurate corrections to achieve the ideal occlusal position for each tooth. The goal is to provide the following.

Another object is to provide a positioning surface on each tooth to be straightened, so that this surface acts as a key or reference for attaching an orthodontic bracket.

Another object is to provide a bracket with a base that supports an interfacial layer that can bond to teeth. The interfacial layer of each bracket has the torque, apex, and labio-lingual offset necessary to correct (move) the teeth into the desired occlusal position.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description below. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same parts.

The method described here is a novel technical method that allows the orthodontist to adjust the apex, torque, and internal and external deviations individually for each tooth and for each treatment plan. be. This method uses conventional brackets, including standard or rotation-angle types. It will be apparent that the method of the present invention eliminates many of the difficulties experienced today when using direct as well as indirect connections.

Although the steps of this method and the materials described herein are used in a variety of other dental processes, the novelty of the method of this invention lies in the use of this new combination of steps and newly designed components. In particular, this makes the method easier, more efficient, and more comfortable for the patient. In particular, this method, when used correctly, ultimately makes the occlusion more accurate.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 1A, the first step in the method is to form positioning surfaces on all maloccluded teeth. This is done by attaching platelets 10 with small wire meshes to the maloccluded teeth in the patient's mouth. Each platelet 10 is somewhat curved to conform to the surface of the tooth to which it is applied. The convex side of the platelet is indented to define a smooth locating surface. The small plate of the first embodiment is composed of a non-permeable central layer sandwiched between two wire mesh layers and a filler, and the filler fills the gap between the wire meshes on the convex side and is released from the mold. form a surface. As shown, the platelets are attached to the buccal and labial surfaces. However,
The method described here may also be used when placing platelets and brackets on the tongues of teeth (in such cases, the platelets should be contoured to fit the surface of each tooth). .

Platelets /θ are three elongated round indentations or indentations //, /
l,/,3 is used. When forming a recess, sharp corners must be avoided. These corners may impair the formation of the tooth mold or model contemplated by this procedure and may cause problems with release from the mold.

The arrangement of the recesses provides a positioning surface that matches the surface of the interfacial filler that can be formed over what is considered a standard bracket/lI. The platelet lO is preferably formed in a generally turned profile as used in the base of conventional brackets.

However, the size and contour of the platelets, like the bases of brackets commonly used today, can vary from tooth to tooth.

As previously mentioned, the use of platelets to form locating surfaces is only one method of forming such surfaces on teeth. Alternatively, the locating surface can be formed by applying bonding material directly to each tooth and then shaping the bonding material with an irregularly contoured stamp. The bonding material is then allowed to dry or harden, thus forming a permanent seal on the tooth.

A third method of forming a positioning curve is to apply a bonding material to the teeth, allow the material to harden, and then use a dental bur or small rotary cutter to create the irregular shape.

When implementing this invention using platelets as shown in FIG.
Each platelet has a length of 3 extending at approximately 45° from its edge.
A small handle 15 of mm is formed. This handle allows the platelet to be held in the hand during connection and facilitates the attachment of the platelet to the teeth. To facilitate removal, a fold line /A can be formed between the handle and the plate.

After all the platelets have been bonded to the maloccluded tooth, the entire handle is removed by crushing, and any problematic crease lines are removed by polishing. Next, with the platelets attached to the teeth, an accurate impression of the dental arch is taken and an orthodontic model is cast. This model or working mold is shown in FIGS. 2 and 2A. It is usually best to have two molds, one serving as a reference. In such cases it may be necessary or desirable to make two impressions. It may be desirable to anatomically orient the model to the articulator by the well-known method of facebow transfer.

At this stage of the method, one model is used to construct the so-called final set or inspection mold. This involves cutting and repositioning individual teeth at their plaster bases, thus creating the correct final treatment position and occlusion L8. FIGS. 3 and 3A show this state.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 4A, a plurality of brackets/II having bases approximately the same size and profile as the platelet
is supported against the positioning surface of the casting replica. Each bracket) [rectangular slot that accepts a wire bow/
Forms lIa. Unlike so-called straight wire brackets, the slots do not need to be rotated or angled relative to the base of the bracket. The bracket/da is secured to the replica positioner using an adhesive or curable bonding material. This bonding material is itself a rigid interfacial layer 7
form g. This procedure can be carried out as follows using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 13 to 16.

A rectangular wire arch/7 is formed around the visual mold or cast dental arch. The wire bow is formed without any primary, secondary or tertiary bends, no points, and no torque correction. The dimensions of the rectangular wire bow must be such that it completely fills the slot in the bracket without any play in any direction. In the horizontal support plane, the wire bow should be rather large in size for sturdiness.

The individual brackets are then placed or stretched over the wire bow;
Position against each cast tooth of the mold. The bracket can be held on the wire using elastic rings/q, such as those sold under the trade name "Arastake". This attachment allows each bracket to be moved only in the near-far right direction on the wire core.

The bracket is then joined to the plaster replica of the face of the platelet. In the process, an interfacial filler or interfacial layer/g is formed on top of each bracket. The surface of the filler material has a pattern of replica locating surfaces formed in the casting. The formed interfacial filler typically varies in thickness and profile;
As also shown in FIGS. 0, 11 and 12, it is not important that the base of the bracket and the platelet replicas be balanced against each other over the entire surface area. What is required is the interface layer/g
The raised surface of the mirror counterbalances or fits into the corresponding locating surface as well as the indentation of the locating surface of the replica.

FIG. 12 illustrates that precise positioning of each bracket relative to the associated platelet is not required. The interfacial layer can be formed to overlap the platelet, and the base of the bracket can be vertically (as shown) or both vertically and horizontally misaligned, or it can be formed to overlap the platelet. It may be oblique to the other side. The indentations in the platelets and the matching raised surfaces formed in the interfacial layer act as a means for positioning each bracket in a precisely controlled relationship to the tooth to which it is attached.

Molars, which normally receive bands without bonding, are handled as follows. Before taking impressions of the setting model, wrap a band around the molar and cover the occlusal surface of the banded large tooth with Kerr impression mix. When the impression is removed, the mixture remains seated in the impression material. Next, the molar band is removed from the tooth and seated on the 1 mixture impression. With the band seated in the impression material, the model is injected into three sets. After the set is complete, cut away the plaster inside the band on the buccal surface to create a cavity for heat retention when the band is soldered to the molar canal. After all the brackets are thus bonded to the platelet replicas, the molar tube is threaded through the wire arch and soldered to the molar band.

The soldering connection provides angular fixation and alignment between the band and the tube, thus reducing the interfacial layer or filler/g
Note that it has a similar effect.

If it is desired to join the tubes instead of soldering them to the molar band, the placement of the tubes is, of course, handled in much the same way as if the brackets were connected to a replica of the platelet.

The joined molar canal is either two platelets in series or one custom molar platelet that is longer in each mesio-distal direction and is made to conform to the buccal surface of the molar. Requires.

How to attach brackets to a cast-molded tooth model
A similar type of device is shown in FIGS. 13-16.

The devices are mounted relative to each other to allow linear movement.
It has a pair of first and second supports 20, -/. The first support 20 is a platform with a central rail 20a, the cross section of which is dome-shaped. The second support member is composed of a second base having a dovetail groove 2/a complementary to the rail λθa. A pair of L-shaped brackets are attached to the support for positioning and securing the cast model.

The device further includes a plurality of capture members or clamps 3. for holding and supporting the wire bow in a plane substantially parallel to the direction of linear movement. Has Koda. Means are also provided for adjustably attaching the capture member to the support. This means allows adjustment of the lateral separation of the capture members and also positions the capture members vertically with respect to the support, 20°U/[. Therefore, by properly adjusting or positioning the capture member, the cast model of the tooth supported on the base, 2/, can be removed from the wire bow/'7Vr supported by the capture member.
It will be appreciated that a plurality of mounted brackets L can be positioned in juxtaposition with respect to )/+.

Adjustable mounting means include a four-part support plate 2k which is supported on the first support or assembly λθ and in which the molded model can be moved. The capture members 3 are each mounted near the distal end of the plate 2S, and the mounting means are such that each capture member can be moved in any direction parallel to the plate S. For this purpose, the board ΩS
A pair of slot holes ko and ta are formed in. A second pair of slots Ω3a are formed in the barrel 3b forming one element of the capture member. Tighten bolt λt through slot 23.
a, 23a and fix each capture member 3 in a selected position to support the end of the Φ1 gold bow. For this reason, it is possible to adjustably move and position both capture members Ω3 along both slot holes 3a. A stopper member (a) is attached to the upper end of the bolt (a), and the lower end of each bolt is a hollow (a) with a raised ridge.
It engages with Ab and can be rotated by hand.

The support plate S is also adjustably attached to the stand 20 by a plurality of pillar cores and a spiral spring sg. The column core is fixed to the stand θ and passes through the opening in the plate S. The plate rests on and captures the helical spring 2g. The upper end of the column core is provided with an L ridge, into which a nut 29 engages. When the nut is turned, the plate 2S is pushed down against the elasticity of the spring 2g, and the plate S is positioned relative to the bases 0 and 2/.

An adjustable stop is also provided to fix the position of the tooth mold relative to the wire arch and to allow movement of the mold into and out of engagement with a bracket supported on the wire arch. ing. This stopper means is composed of a block 30 attached to the stand λO and a screwing member passing through a screwhole in the block.

To explain the operation of the device, a cast-molded tooth model is fixed on a table and positioned so as to contact the stopper 2.2, as shown in FIG.

The wire bow and bracket are then attached to the capture member, 2.3.2'l, as shown in FIG. The wire bow is held in a plane that is substantially parallel to the linear direction in which the stand θ moves relative to the stand θ. However, the position of the L1 capture member 3 and support 3 can be adjusted to precisely position the bracket for selective attachment to the cast tooth model. This position is shown in FIG. Make all adjustments necessary to position the brackets in the most desirable position for each tooth on the cast model.

The stop means is then adjusted to bring it into contact with the platform. The end of the screw member 3/ is in contact with that surface. by this,
The location of bonding each bracket to its associated cast tooth is determined, and at the same time an interfacial filler or layer is formed on each bracket.

The thickness, location, and shape of the filling material will be the same as that of a cast tooth. The stop means allows the platform and the cast tooth model to be withdrawn from the wire arch and bracket, and allows the filler adhesive to be applied to the bracket IIc. Thereafter, the model is returned to the position where it contacts the bracket using the stopper as a reference.

After the bonding material used to form the interfacial filler has hardened, the plastic ring/q holding the wire bow in the bracket slot is removed by sliding the wire mesially. Next, separate the bracket from the microscope mold. The cured bonding material adheres to the base of each bracket, exposing the lingual surface mold of the replica positioning surface. Next, clean the bonding material as there may be plaster attached.
Trim any material that protrudes from the edges of the base.

The final step in the method is to position and secure the bracket and attached interfacial filling material to the patient's teeth. As with any bonding procedure, first separate and dry the mouth and teeth. The brackets are then coupled individually or in groups to their respective locating surfaces.

It is preferred that the brackets are properly seated on their respective locating surfaces prior to final coupling. The surface of the interfacial filler matches the mold of the positioning surface. After a proper fit is established, a small amount of bonding material is applied to the locating surface to seat the associated bracket and interfacial filler.

Because the filler and locating surfaces are balanced, the operator does not have to worry about the brackets aligning properly or drifting, as is commonly experienced with traditional direct bonding methods. There aren't many.

The method described above utilizes an interfacial filling material to correct all of the teeth, including bracket torque, angle, and labio-lingual offset. Additionally, each tooth is individually straightened. In order to keep the interfacial filler thin, it is desirable to use brackets with a very low height. Nevertheless, point-torque type brackets (which are usually taller in height) can be used if the interfacial filler is kept to a minimum thickness.

While preferred methods and devices formed thereby have been shown and described, it will be appreciated that various modifications may be made within the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1-6 are diagrams illustrating six sequential steps or steps for forming an interfacial layer of a specific thickness and shape for attaching brackets to maloccluded teeth, Figures 1A-6A.
The figures are vertical cross-sectional views of the tooth profile showing the gradual changes in the formation of the interfacial layer on the bracket, each figure representing a particular step or process shown in the figure with the same drawing number immediately above it. Related. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a platelet of the present invention that can be used to form a positioning surface on maloccluded teeth;
Figure 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the platelet taken along line 8--8 of Figure 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the small plate, and FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 show the formation of an interface layer in accordance with the contour of a predetermined tooth Ω surface, and its identification. Figures 13, 15 and 16 are illustrations of a preferred type of apparatus for attaching brackets to a cast cast tooth model; , each figure shows a different state of the device. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the device taken along line 14--14 of FIG. 13. Explanation of main symbols 10...Small plate/4'...Bracket 7g...Filling material] F engineering UJEI--Is-1yoI [r--16- Procedural amendment (Usual) Showa n year August Z day 1, case display 3, person making the amendment
゛4. Agent

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) In a tooth orthodontic method for correcting malocclusion, a positioning surface is formed on the maloccluded tooth, an impression of the maloccluded tooth with the positioning surface is created, A working mold is formed from the impression, the cast teeth are repositioned to the desired occlusal position, a bracket is fixed to the positioning surface of the replica of the mold, and an interfacial filling material is formed between them. and position each bracket and interfacial filler dimensioned thereon by removing the bracket from the mold and aligning the impression of the filling material with the tooth positioning surface and placing it on the patient. A method of orthodontics that consists of fixing the teeth to the associated teeth. 2. In the tooth orthodontic method according to claim 1), while the bracket is supported on the wire arch in substantially the same plane, the bracket is used for positioning the replica of the mold together with the interfacial filler material. A method of orthodontic treatment that is fixed to the surface of the teeth. 3) In the tooth orthodontic method as claimed in claim 1), the positioning surface is formed on the tooth by applying a platelet having a relatively smooth and recessed positioning surface. Orthodontic method. 4) In the tooth orthodontic method as claimed in claim 1), the positioning surface is formed by applying a bonding material and shaping the material to obtain an irregular contour. A method of orthodontic treatment in which teeth are formed. 5) The tooth orthodontic method according to claim 4, in which the bonding material is shaped while in a plastic state and then allowed to harden. 6) The tooth orthodontic method according to claim 4, in which the bonding material is hardened and then shaped using a dental bur. 7) In the tooth orthodontic method described in claim 1), the positioning of the cast-molded teeth is performed by cutting the working mold and fixing the teeth at a desired occlusal position in the M model. A method of orthodontic treatment that involves restoring teeth. 8) In the tooth orthodontic method described in 1), each bracket has a slot for receiving a wire arch, and the slot of each bracket has an interfacial filling material thereon. A method for orthodontic treatment in which teeth are supported in substantially the same plane during formation. 9) In an orthodontic method for correcting malocclusion using a two-part wire support consisting of a platelet with a positioning surface and a bracket, the malocclusion in the patient's mouth is securing a platelet to the tooth, placing the platelet in place to make an impression of the maloccluded tooth, and forming a working mold from the impression;
The cast-molded teeth are positioned in the desired occlusal position, a microscopic mold is formed, and a bracket is fixed to the positioning surface of the cast-molded tooth replica, and an interfacial filling material is formed between them. 1. The filling material has a surface mold for positioning the replica, and the bracket and the interfacial filling material placed on it are removed from the microscopic mold, and the mold of the filling material is placed on the surface for positioning the small plate. An orthodontic method comprising the steps of positioning and fixing the bracket and the interfacial filling material attached thereto to the associated platelet while attaching the bracket to the relevant platelet. 10) In the tooth orthodontic method for correcting malocclusion, a positioning surface is formed on the maloccluded teeth, an impression and a mold of the positioning surface are made, and a cast-molded tooth arrangement and reproduction are performed. A microscopic mold for positioning is formed, the cast teeth are fixed in a position representing the ideal position of the teeth after malocclusion has been corrected, and a plurality of brackets are placed on the model. It is supported against a plurality of positioning surfaces and forms an interfacial filling material therebetween, the filling material changes in thickness in response to a change in the contour of the surface, and the surface of the filling material is attached to the model. Holding the mold of the formed replica positioning surface and aligning the mold of the filling material with the positioning surface as a reference, each bracket and the interfacial filling material attached thereto are placed on the maloccluded tooth. A tooth orthodontic method comprising the steps of positioning and fixing the tooth to a related positioning surface. 11) In the tooth orthodontic method described in claim 10), while the bracket is supported on the wire arch in substantially the same plane, a cast replica of the tooth is formed together with an interfacial filling material. A tooth orthodontic method that is fixed to a positioning surface. 12) in orthodontic brackets, each bracket having an interfacial layer of filling material that attaches to a particular tooth of the patient;
The interfacial layer has a shape that corresponds to the contour of the object to which it is attached, and the thickness of the interfacial layer is determined by the torque, apical and labio-lingual edges necessary to correct each tooth to the desired occlusal position. The interfacial layer forms a mirror impression of the cast teeth positioned to represent the ideal position after making an impression of the teeth and correcting the malocclusion, and the interfacial layer An interfacial layer is applied over the orthodontic bracket by supporting the orthodontic bracket in juxtaposition to the tooth and applying a filler material between each cast tooth of the model and its associated bracket. Bracket formed by forming. 13) In the bracket according to claim 12), before making an impression of the maloccluded teeth, a positioning surface is first formed on the maloccluded teeth, and each interfacial filling material is A bracket with a surface mold for the positioning of a replica formed on a microscopic mold of a cast-molded tooth. 14) A device used in orthodontics to form positioning marks on a patient's teeth, consisting of a curved platelet with a concave side formed on its convex side. 15) The device according to claim 14, wherein each indentation is egg-shaped and has a smooth surface. 16) The device according to claim 14, wherein an integral handle extends from the edge of the small plate, and the handle can be removed along the fold line.