JPS5814457A - Square image intensifier and noctovision - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase the resolution of an image intensifier by removing the noise caused from the ineffective part, and reduce the size and the weight of the image intensifier by making the surface which is perpendicular to the input-and-output central axis to have a square shape. CONSTITUTION:A light receiving window 22 made of a fiber plate and having a photoelectric surface 21 on its inner surface, and a light discharging window 24 made of a fiber plate and having a fluorescent screen 23 on its inner surface are installed apart from one another by a given distance, with an MCP 25 installed between them. After that, the windows 22 and 24 are sealed with, for example, an encircling case 26 made of a ceramic member, thus as image intensifier (1.1) is constituted. Here, the light receiving window 22 is provided so that the periphery (indicated by a broken line) of the photoelectric surface 21 working as an effective light-receiving area has the same rectangular shape as that of the actual visual-field area of the conventional circular image intensifire, and so that a rectangular shape similar to the above rectangular shape and consisting of a maser part and a sealing part with the same widths as the conventional one is provided around the surface 21. As a result, since there is no ineffective parts in the actual visual field of the effective light-receiving area, the size and the weight of the image intensifier can be decreased correspondingly.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention is an image intensifier (hereinafter referred to as 1).

1), especially a rectangular shape whose shape is perpendicular to the input/output center axis, 1. Regarding.

1.1. is a type of electron tube that can convert weak light images or invisible light rays or X-rays that cannot be recognized by human beings into electric current, amplify it several hundred times to hundreds of times, and obtain a visible light image.

1, I is a 'i4 gain, high resolution W, considering its intended use, such as being used for TV shooting under invisible light when combined with a goggle attenuated night vision II device or a television image pickup tube.
In addition to having these characteristics, it is also desired that the device be small and lightweight in order to be portable. However, the conventional l, I, are not necessarily sufficient in terms of resolution concealment characteristics, compact size, and light weight, so these 1.1°t-J14IA night vision devices are heavier and have a clearer image. With an O that lacks strength, 1. It is desired to further improve the size and weight of I, and the resolution.

Figure 1 shows an example of such conventional l, I.
Same (aJ is a top view, the same figure (b) is the same figure (supplementary A.

This type is called the so-called proximity focusing type. Note that the lead-out electrodes of each electrode are not shown in the figure of Hitoshi. I is circular in shape and is made of a fiber plate with a light entrance window 2 having a photoelectron on its inner surface, a secondary electron multiplier plate 5 (also referred to as a microchannel plate, hereinafter referred to as MeP), and a fiber plate. Light output windows 4 having fluorescent surfaces 3 on their inner surfaces are sequentially arranged axially at predetermined intervals KIbl, and are vacuum-sealed with an envelope 6 made of ceramic.

In some cases, HMCP5 is omitted in l, I, and the light entrance window 2 and the light output window 4 are in contact with each other and facing each other. For example, the input surface 7 of Me)'5 has (E) 20
0V, applied to the output surface 8 of AICP5 and the butterfly input surface 7...8
00Ve A direct current voltage of (g) skV is applied to the output surface 8 of the MeP 5 to each of the fluorescent Tlls 13, and the applied voltage is adjusted to obtain the required gain and resolution. mt-IIpm.

Figure 2 shows I, 1. This is a schematic plan view of the lens portion of a goggle-type night vision device viewed from above as a conventional example of a device incorporating the above. The same fi1. shown in FIG. l.

2 10s 5 A body that can be seen with both eyes 1
It is located in 3. With this night vision device, I and I
Since a part of the power supply cover (adjustment part, etc.) of , is installed inside the enclosure 13, 1.1. I would like to see my own miniaturization and quantification even more.

Furthermore, this night vision device has a resolution of 11. % is not necessary or sufficient, and as mentioned above, 1. Adjust the applied voltage to obtain the required gain and resolution of each I, I,
There is a drawback that adjustment is difficult because it has to be repeated every time.

The first object of the present invention is to achieve high resolution, small size, and light weight that can satisfy the above requirements 1.1 by making the surface perpendicular to the input/output center axis square. Ta1, 1. t-To provide.
1. Also, the second objective of the present invention is to satisfy the above-mentioned demand for the nighttime device by using 12 F1 squares with 1 square i, i instead of the conventional 1,1° 2 circular shapes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a night vision device that is compact, lightweight, and easy to adjust or has a higher resolution by eliminating the drawbacks.

1,1 of the present invention. is a close-focusing image intensifier consisting of a light entrance window with a photocathode on the inner surface and a light output window with a fluorescent surface on the inner surface, which are disposed in close proximity with or without a secondary electron multiplier between them. 1.5 The night vision device line of the present invention consists of arranging an image intensifier at a position that can be viewed simultaneously by both eyes. In the dark vision device, one or two rectangular image intensifiers are used as the image intensifier.

The present invention will be explained in detail below using the drawings.

First, 1.1. of the present invention. Mulberry explains about.

Figure jg3 shows 1.1. of the present invention. An example of this is shown. The same figure (a) is a top view of U, and the same figure (b) is a cross-sectional view of the same figure (a). The light output window 24 having the fluorescent surface 23 is M
1.1. of one embodiment of the lever, which is vacuum-sealed by an envelope 26 made of ceramic, for example, which is arranged at a predetermined interval through the CP 25; has been completed.

1 of this example. I, is on the input/output center axis 29! The light entrance window 22. Light output window 24. AIICP25 and outside #
The point is that the components such as the IBim device 26 are specified.

This is different from the conventional example (defined as circular) shown in FIG.

Generally speaking, when a person sees an object with their own eyes, the field of view is not circular at all, but rather a horizontal rectangle with a ratio of long sides to short sides of about 4:3. No. N! @(a) conventional example I,
1. In the top view showing rectangle 9 surrounded by a dashed line
Butterfly 1.1. The photocathode 1 has an effective light-receiving area of
It is drawn so that the ratio of the long side to the short side is t-4:3, touching the outer periphery of the The parts other than the rectangular part 9 in the area are ineffective parts with respect to the actual field of view, and the reduction in size and weight is impaired by that 3.Furthermore, this The light incident on the ineffective area is not only useless for receiving and reproducing an effective image, but also becomes a source of noise, reducing the resolution of I, 1. Note that the conventional 1.1° is circular. This is because it was necessary to provide an electrostatic lens system inside to focus the light.

There is no need for anything that does not have an electrostatic lens system, such as a near-refractive index lens, to be circular.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, I, I, as shown in fQl(a), correspond to the effective light-receiving area at the outer periphery of the photocathode 21 (indicated by a dotted line) t-1 as shown in FIG. Conventional example 91-
It is made to be the same rectangle as the rectangle 9 that constitutes the viewing area, and outside it is the same mesa part and sealing part as in the conventional example in Fig. 1! Components such as light entrance windows are defined so that they have similar rectangular shapes.

As is clear from the above description, I, I,
Unlike the conventional example shown in FIG. 1, there is no part of the effective light-receiving area that is ineffective in the actual field of view, so the size and weight reduction corresponding to 7n is reduced by 1. If this small @quantified Il [is to be expressed as a pile, the ratio of the long side and the short side inscribed in the above-mentioned light-receiving effective area of one circular object is 4:3. However, when compared with the rectangular one, the area of the rectangular one is about 39
Chi becomes smaller. In reality, as shown in Figures 1- and 3, the light entrance window 2922 and the light output window 4t24 require a mesa part and a sealing part, so this reduction 4c is smaller than 39%, but has a value of about 20 inches. It is easy to get.

Comparing the conventional example shown in FIG. 1 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the reduction rate is about 20-.

Furthermore, I, 1. of this embodiment. Since there is no invalid portion, there is no noise caused by the invalid portion as in the conventional example, and the resolution is improved.

Therefore, in this embodiment, 1. The resolution [characteristics] are further improved, and the size and weight are further reduced.

In addition, in I and I of this example, the rectangular shape with the ratio of the short side to the long side is 4:3,
Although this is the most desirable shape from the viewpoint of the effective visual field of the human eye, it is not limited to this shape, and is not limited to the conventional circular shape.

1.0 A rectangle with a shape that reduces the invalid part for the visual field, that is, the ratio of the short side to the long side is other than 4 = 3,
Of course, it would be better if it were a square, or if some of the sides were curved, or if it had an angular shape as a whole.
Further, since i and I of the present invention do not have an electrostatic lens system, they can easily be made into a square shape.

Next is the book – AF! A's nighttime device will be explained.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the lens portion of a goggle-type lucid vision device as an embodiment of the nighttime device of the present invention, viewed from above. This figure is drawn in contrast to the conventional device shown in FIG.

Conventional example of two circular shapes 1. The above-mentioned rectangular shape 1.1.30 of the present invention having a size that can be viewed simultaneously with one eye instead of l-
One piece is placed in the housing 33. Here/photocathode 31 (indicated by a dotted line) is exactly the circle 1.1.10 of the conventional example shown in FIG. : It is formed by a rectangle formed by joining the two rectangles shown in 3 at the edges.Also, square 1.I.

30 companies A circular 1. The body 33 is designed to have the same required dimensions as the clean body 13.

Comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, it is clear that the device of this embodiment is considerably smaller than the conventional device. In other words, it is possible to make it smaller and more childish. Now that much jIct-the aforementioned l, I,
If we compare the planar area as before, the reduction rate is as large as about 25%.

To the east, the device of this embodiment is 1. I- is a square 1. I.

In order to marry with 33.1 pieces, the conventional device using 1,1,10,2 pieces per circle was made a must-see. There is no need to perform the difficult work of adjusting and matching voltage stripes, and in principle, it is sufficient to just adjust the voltage.

In the device of Jin's embodiment, the central portion of the photocathode 31 becomes an ineffective portion outside the effective field of view.

The inner core of 7 is almost circular 1.1.1.0 (1g211?Q
), it is difficult to combine two of them, so as mentioned above, 1.1. Improving the resolution by cutting the image into a rectangular shape has not been done.

Therefore, the above-mentioned "pressure i4!" IIk・More than the improvement of Fukiai action.

When you want to give priority to the ``Kai@'' of ``Karitsu-ketsu'', use the square 1. I.

31 ofc 'OItch photocathode is circular i, l, 1
A rectangle 1.6 having the same photoelectric field as the rectangle 12 which is the effective field of view of the photoelectric null in FIG. 6 (FIG. 2). l, for 2 pieces%th
fL, tLvh*ag5 Figure shows ζ-fraction as another embodiment of the device of the present invention. Two pieces of I and 4Q are placed in the cram school body 43 and formed. In this figure, 41 is a photoelectric uIII (indicated by a dot).

The device of this embodiment is capable of small size and quantification as well as improved resolution.

Note that 1.1 of the present invention described above. And as an example of a night vision device, 1, I, with MCP was used, but 11dcP
It goes without saying that the present invention is also applicable to those without.

As explained in detail above, 1. the square shapes I and I of the present invention.

By making the shape of the plane perpendicular to the input/output center axis square, it is now possible to eliminate the invalid part for the effective field of view that the conventional circular I, I, has, so it is possible to reduce the size and weight by 7n. At the same time, it is possible to completely improve the resolution by removing noise from the invalid part, and it is possible to achieve high resolution and small size.
Lighter l.

It has the effect of being able to provide 1.

Refreshingly, the night vision device of the present invention has a conventional circular shape. I.

Instead of using the two squares 1, 1 . Since it is constructed using one or two lenses, it is possible to provide a night vision device IItt that is small, lightweight, and easy to adjust, or has a higher resolution.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 and l! 3 shows conventional examples I and I, and I and 1 of the present invention, respectively. This is a diagram showing an example (the top view is 1
Figure (b) is a cross-sectional view of E (a), Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the lens portion of a conventional goggle night vision device viewed from above, and Figures 4 and 5 are respectively in accordance with the present invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of a lens portion of a goggle-certified night vision device, which is an embodiment of the night vision device, viewed from above. 1*11e21s31e41・”=photocathode, 2°22・
......Light entrance window, 3 meetings 23----Fluorescence i1.49
24...Light output window, 5.2.5---Secondary electron multiplier plate, (MCP), 6 * 26="''envelope, 7 Sand 27---MCP input surface, 8t28...
, -, MCP exit direction, 9t12-... rectangle,
10...Circle I, I, g9=----input/output center axis, 30.40...Prismatic i, . / (θ)' (a). Atsushi l agony father-in-law 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (υ A light entrance window with a light IE- on the inner surface and a light output window with a fluorescent surface on the inner surface are provided adjacent to each other with or without a secondary electron multiplier at the threshold) In a close focusing image intensifier consisting of
An image intensifier whose main feature is to make the shape of the surface square. (In a visual device consisting of an image intensifier placed at a position that can be viewed simultaneously by 21 sickles.) night vision equipment.