JPS58143087A - Window or door glass having light shielding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a window or door glass with a shading device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known to provide a motor-driven blind lathe between panes of insulating glass forming a window or door ξ panel, which provide light protection.

In addition, as a light shielding device, Venetianzoline P (Jalo
It is also known to juxtapose a window or door with a window or door.

These known shading devices are manufactured and operated with relatively high mechanical costs.

The invention is based on the problem of designing a window or door shading device in such a way that it does not wear out and can be operated with low power.

This problem is solved according to the invention by providing a shading device which has transparent electrode layers which extend over the entire glass pane or over partial areas of the glass pane and which are arranged at intervals and to which a voltage can be applied. The solution is provided by comprising a cell with a solid or liquid electrolyte with ions in between and in which at least one electrode layer has an electrochromic layer on the side facing the electrolyte.

The electrochromic layer is applied to the electrode layer by vacuum deposition, high heat treatment or chemical deposition and can have a thickness of 0.5 μrn to 15 μm. A voltage of about 2 V may be used to achieve an electrochromic reaction in the electrochromic layer.

After applying a voltage to the electrode layer, ions from the electrolyte migrate to the electrochromic layer, which then becomes colored. The intensity of this coloring can be influenced by electrolyte composition and voltage application time.

The cells used as shading devices are electrostatically stable, which is significantly superior to known mechanical structures in terms of service life.

To operate the cell, only a small amount of electrical power, which can be extracted from the battery, is required.

The structure according to the invention makes it possible to adjust the total energy transmission through the glass plate in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared ranges of sunlight and total radiation.

Another solution of the problem according to the invention is that the light-shielding device extends over the entire glass pane or over a partial area of the glass pane, is hermetically closed at the edges, is filled with liquid crystal, and can be energized on the inner surface. The cell is provided with a transparent contact plate or a covering film having electrode layers disposed parallel to each other, and a polarizing layer is provided on at least one side of the cell.

The working concentration range of liquid crystals is the mesophase range in which the liquid crystals have specific crystalline properties.

In the case of the object of the present invention, the shading of windows or doors can be achieved by applying or disconnecting voltages to the electrodes, depending on the structure of the polarizing layer and the selected liquid crystal state.

As long as light blocking is achieved by applying a voltage to the electrode layer, the light blocking intensity can be continuously varied by changing the voltage.

Mochima Sho 5s'-t1'5oa7 (3) In addition, in order to achieve heat retention and prevent heat dissipation from the room by cells used as light shielding devices, the polarizing layer is adjusted to the infrared region to block infrared rays. radiation can also be prevented.

Next, an embodiment of a cell according to the present invention used as a light shielding device will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the glass plates 1 and 2 are joined together at their peripheral edges to form an insulating glass. Cells 4 forming a light blocking device are provided in the interior space 3 of this insulating glass and extend over the entire glass plate surface of the insulating glass.

The cell has a transparent electrode layer 5 fixed to the inner surface of the glass plate l.
, and an electrochromic layer 6 is provided in the same layer. Juxtaposed to this electrochromic layer is an electrolyte 7 containing ions and which may be formed in solid or liquid form.

The electro-colored layer is made of tungsten oxide (WO2), molybdenum oxide (Mo03), niobium oxide (Nb2o5), oxidized
Nadium (v205), iridium oxide (■rOx(
OH)n-x), rhodium oxide (RhO2) or calcium fluoride (CaF2).

A transparent electrode layer 8 is arranged on the side of the electrolyte 7 opposite the electrochromic layer, which layer may also be designed as a screen device. If a liquid electrolyte is used, the cell 4 is delimited by a glass plate 9 to the interior space 3 of the insulating glass.

Internal space of insulating glass where cell 4 does not exist (diagnostic symbol 1
0) forms an air insulation gap.

The electrochromic reaction in the electrochromic layer, ie the coloring of the layer due to inclusion of ions of the electrolyte, is eliminated by voltage removal, the ions return to the electrolyte and the colored layer becomes transparent again.

If the electrode layer has individual screen sections that are electrically conductively separated from each other, these screen sections can be connected or disconnected separately. With such a screen device it is possible to shade partial areas of the glass pane to the extent that direct sunlight is required, or to shade portions of the glass pane in stages by means of a small voltage.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, a cell 4 with electrode layers 5 and 8 is juxtaposed to the glass plate 1. An electrochromic layer 6 is fixed to both electrode layers. A solid electrolyte 7 is arranged between the electrocolored layers 60. The total thickness of cell 4 is 4μm
~6 μm.

The cells illustrated in FIG. 3 consist of glass plates 11 which are spaced from each other, extend parallel to each other and are connected to each other at their edges.
．． It has 12. An electrode layer 13 is provided on the inner surface of both glass plates.
is provided, and a voltage can be applied to this layer via an electrical connection 14. The electrode layer, which may be designed as a vapor-deposited transparent metal layer, delimits the interior space 15 of the cell, which is filled with a liquid crystal layer. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1
It exists in the range of 0 μm to 10.0 μm.

The cell is on at least one side of the glass plate 11 or 12,
For example, it has a polarizing layer (not shown) on the outside.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the cells are delimited by transparent covering films 16, 17 which are welded together at the edges. The covering film 16,17 has on its inner side a transparent electrode layer 18, which may consist of vapor-deposited metal. A transparent grid 20 made of plastic or glass is arranged in the interior space to define the spacing between the electrode layers defining an interior space 19 for accommodating the liquid crystal layer. This grid ensures that constant spacing between the electrode layers exists over the entire area of the interior space and that the thickness of the liquid crystal layer also does not differ in different areas of the interior space. This is the premise that a uniform light-shielding effect over the entire window or door ξ channel is achieved by a constant deflection or alignment or twisting of the liquid crystals occurring when a voltage is applied to the electrode layers.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the interior space 21 of the cell is delimited on one side by a glass plate 22 and on the other side by a transparent covering film 23. In the embodiment according to FIG. The spacing between the glass plate and the covering film is determined by a spacer body 24 of small size. The spacer body may have a spherical shape and be made of glass or plastic, or it may have an elongated shape and consist of glass fibers. The spacer body may be welded or frictionally connected to the glass plate or to the covering film. Such a method of fixing the spacer I is also possible if glass plates are used as covering films on both sides of the cell.

If a window or door with a frame part that has to be filled with insulating glass has a shading device according to the invention, parts of insulating glass can also be used for the construction of the cells. If the insulating glass consists of two glass plates,
One of these panes can also be used as a cover plate for the cell, provided that no air gap remains between the second glass plate of the insulating glass and the other cover plate or film of the cell. No.

If the insulating glass consists of three glass plates, two glass plates may be used as the cell cover.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, only the cover plate, cover film and spacer I are shown. In this embodiment as well, an electrode layer to which a voltage can be applied is provided on the inner surfaces of the glass plate 22 and the covering film 23. Furthermore, the cell is equipped with a polarizing layer on one side.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a nitrogen cell according to the invention provided in the interior space of an insulating glass, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a cell juxtaposed to a glass plate, and FIG. 3 has a covering plate formed as a glass plate. 4 is a partial sectional view of a cell defined by a transparent covering film; FIG. 5 is a section of a cell with a glass plate as covering plate on one side and a transparent covering film on the other side; FIG. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a window or door glass having a light shielding device, the transparent electrode layer to which a voltage can be applied extends as a light shielding device over the entire glass plate or over a partial area of the glass plate and is arranged at intervals. (5°8) and provided with a solid or liquid electrolyte (7) with ions between these layers (
4) and wherein the at least one electrode layer (5) has an electrochromic layer (6) on the side facing the electrolyte (7). 2. The electro-colored layer is made of tungsten oxide (WO3), molybdenum oxide/(MoQa), niobium oxide (Nb205)
), sodium oxide (v20 town), iridium oxide (
■rOx(OH). -x), rhodium oxide (RhO2)
The window or door glass according to claim 1, which is made of calcium fluoride (CaF2) or calcium fluoride (CaF2). 3. Window or door glass according to claim 1, in which the electrochromic layer is applied to the electrode layer by vacuum deposition, high heat treatment or chemical precipitation and has a thickness of 05 to 1.5 μm. 4. A window or door glass according to claim 1, wherein a voltage of about 2 volts is used to achieve the electrochromic reaction in the electrochromic layer. 5. Window or door glass according to claim 1, wherein the electrode layer (8) without an electrochromic layer is formed as a screen device. 6 The cell (4) has a liquid electrolyte and the glass plate (1)
Window or door glazing according to claim 1, which is delimited on the opposite side by a glass pane (9). 7. The window or door glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cells (4) are provided in the internal space (3) of the insulating glass. 8. In framed windows or door glasses with transparent multilayer filling plates and shading devices, the shading device extends over the entire glass pane or over a partial area of the glass pane, is hermetically closed at the edges, and is filled with liquid crystal. The window or door glass has a diameter of ~100 μm and is provided with a cell provided with 17.23) to which a voltage can be applied on the inner surface, and a polarizing layer is provided on at least one side of the cell. Window or door glass according to claim 8, characterized in that it is provided with spacers (24) or grids (20). A window or door glass according to claim 8 or 9, in which a spacer (24) is arranged. 11. A window or door glass in which the spacer (24) is made of glass or transparent plastic, and the spacer is made of glass or transparent plastic. 12. A window or door according to claim 8, in which one of the covering plates of the cell is made up of two glass plates, and the second glass plate defines the air gap. glass. 13. The covering plate of the cell is a glass plate of insulating glass consisting of three glass plates, which is a film, a transparent metal layer is deposited on the inner surface of the glass plate, and the cell is made of liquid crystal. 9. Window or door glass according to claim 8, characterized in that a plastic or glass grid (20) is embedded in the layer to determine the spacing between the covering film and the pods. 15. The window or door glass according to claim 8, wherein the voltage can be adjusted. 16. The window or door glass according to claim 8, wherein the polarizing layer is adjusted to the infrared region to block infrared rays from the room.