JPS58138991A - Drying-agent heat accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a heat storage method and a heat storage device, including: -) an air source;
(h) an air circulation fan preferably at a rate of 8.6 to about 38 cubic meters per minute in a circulation system including an air circulation outflow and return loop; (C) a main heat distribution system;
# Selectively active air conditioning means in the return loop of the return air, i.e. selectively the main heat distribution system, e.g. retrofit)
circulating the air through a blast furnace, or a hot air-to-water heat exchanger, or a high-velocity air duct in combination with a desiccant storage system; or recirculating the air to a desiccant storage system and/or A circulation system that works selectively to pass air through the distribution system.
For example, it relates to a device with means for recirculating air, such as air mixing. Primarily this is aimed at storing heat generated by off-peak power. However, it is also suitable for storing heat generated by other means.

Various heat storage methods and devices have been proposed, so heat storage itself is not new. balas, rocks,
It has been proposed that concrete, frozen stone and even iron blocks be heated to high 11 and their possessed heat used, although the temperature of the heat-absorbing material is later reduced. However, this conventional method has limited applications because the stored heat is simply a function of the specific heat of the materials used, which limits its application.6 The specific heat of the materials that can be used is usually small. ．． Since it is around z gram calories, the temperature of these materials is about 90℃, for example.
The heat storage capacity from 360℃ to approximately 360℃ is only 60 grams calories per gram. This requires a large volume of heat storage KFi and thermal insulation to minimize heat loss from the heat storage material, making this heat storage method impractical for space heating purposes.

A practical heat storage method has been devised (using Sakai heat, ri Tochi heat, or a combination thereof). This method can use crystalline materials with large amounts of bound water, such that when heated, the solid material melts or dissolves in its own water of crystallization, allowing a relatively large amount of heat to be stored in the form of latent heat of melting or dissolution. Apply and choose.

This stored heat can be recovered by crystallization of the material.

Prior literature on this issue includes the following: Niostarbelt US Patent No. S, 460,98 $1, TEK KE Xf) US AI 141 Patent No. &6? ? , $481),
Terke xt) rice■脣 tolerance 1112.866,! t06,
J(Xf) US 11% Permit 11&88&Ql'l, Erg US Patent No. 8.989,927, Johnson Canadian Patent No. 170,822, Rice Canadian Patent No. 755
．． 9? ? No., and 1. Chernev's 1 Utilization of solar energy from natural zeolite "U, S, N, T,
1. S, ppRap, 19? ? .

7111g66055 G, R, 1, 19? centre ? ?
(14) 156° System with large heat storage capacity, system with no substantial heat loss from the system when no heating is required, system without the need for an attached heat exchanger directly connected to the heat storage, fairly low load temperature Prior art still does not address the problems of dry thermal storage systems, as there is no system required for the disposal of hot, humid air produced during drying or duty cycles, and systems for supplying humid air during humidification or heating cycles. It has not been resolved yet.

The present invention provides an improvement over the prior art methods and also provides a system with a large heat storage capacity, a system with virtually no heat loss from the system when no heating is required, and an attachment directly connected to the heat storage. Systems that do not require exchangers, systems that require fairly low load temperatures, systems for the disposal of hot, humid air produced during drying or duty cycles, and systems that remove humid air during humidification or heating cycles.
It provides a system that allows This system is based on gas adsorption for chemical potential storage (CBS) of energy. This gas adsorption concept provides a "cgs" system or "thermal battery" construction. The use of peak power provides a means of drying or loading the system, so that heat is released by evaporative heat release stored by reintroduction of moisture as needed during peak power hours.

Therefore, the present invention provides a selectively pumped evaporator heat exchanger located in the outflow loop of the recirculated air, such as a heat exchanger in which the air is passed in a heat exchange state with warm and humid air, heating the air while cooling the warm and humid air. evaporator stage of a heat pump or a heat pump in which the air passes in heat exchange through the evaporator stage of a heat pump, thereby heating the air while cooling the hot humid air; air humidification means, such as a humidifier, either of the drum or spray type; (Ill) some selective air heating means, such as a preferably 10-80&w electric resistance heater, in the outlet loop of the recirculating air; or thermal tubes or large Il# heat extractors or solar-electric heaters, lv) selectively active condenser heat exchange means in the return loop of the recirculated air, e.g. The condenser stage of a heat exchanger or warm humid air exchanges heat with cold air in which excess moisture is transferred from the air and at the same time absorbs heat of vaporization from the air by transferring heat to the cold air. Condensation of a heat pump that removes excess moisture from the air, transfers heat to cold air, and recovers the heat of evaporation from the air. a phase, and (ψ) characterized by a device consisting of a desiccant container in a recirculation system with an input from an outflow loop of recirculated air and an outlet into a return loop of recirculated air.

In one embodiment, the desiccant container is a box; a number of hollow tubes, e.g. perforated hollow tubes, containing the desiccant, e.g. zeolite, between the inlet space and the outlet space; e.g. Air flow connection between hollow tube and 9 by hollow collar;
means for supplying air to the inlet vent pipe; and means for discharging air from the outlet vent pipe.

In other embodiments, the desiccant bed is constructed and configured to absorb about 5 to 20 inches of its weight of water from the moist air passing through it.

PK and others! i1 give 11! In this case, the device has means for supplementing the condenser stage for recovering the moisture removed from the humid air and, in particular, means for using the recovered moisture in the air humidification means.

In yet another embodiment, the device has a thermostat and a switch that shuts off the air humidifier just before it senses the temperature reaching a predetermined value.

The present invention also includes (a) drawing external air and/or internal air into the internal air circulation system;
Dry the desiccant bed by passing it through the desiccant bed at m degrees of 0℃, while storing heat in the drying bed and releasing moisture into the air 4! IL, (C) approx. 2
The braided air at temperatures up to 00°C is drawn from the desiccant bed and (
d) a heat storage stage consisting of passing the warm humid air through a condensing zone to reduce its moisture content; and (g) circulating the internal air to the internal air conditioning system. The moist air is passed through a dry desiccant bed to humidify the floor and the moisture content is 5-2.
A desiccant heat storage process is provided comprising a recovery step of the stored heat, which comprises the steps of: (1) drying the air by releasing heat from the bed to the air; and (0) circulating the warm, dry air to an internal circulation system.

The present invention has a significant advantage over prior art methods in that there is no need to insulate the heat storage container as it stores heat. Other advantages compared to ordinary devices are:

1. Large heat storage capacity of about 150 grams of material - calories.

3. Since only about 1091 of the stored heat is detectable heat generated during the loading process, there is no heat loss from the system when heating is not required. The superimposition of this advantage is significant for some periods of time when maximum heating is not required. For example, a typical system releases some heat even when no heating is required. This results in overheating of the space and energy loss. The device of the present invention is indefinitely @
It stores heat and releases heat only when needed and moisture is added to the floor.

8. The desiccant is non-corrosive and passes heated air without the need for a heat exchanger and therefore without inefficiencies.

4. Relatively low load temperature compared to sensitive heat storage systems. (
The relatively small amount of detectable heat generated during the loading process (approximately 60° C.) will be used to heat the material during and immediately after the loading period.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS At least one method of carrying out the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.The method of carrying out the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which specific embodiments are shown.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the desiccant heat storage device of the present invention, which uses ventilation to utilize latent heat.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the desiccant heat storage device of the present invention, which uses a thermal bob for latent heat utilization.

FIG. 8 shows the ll! of the present invention! 1 is a perspective cut-away view of an energy storage container used in an embodiment of the device;

FIG. 4 is an elevational cross-sectional view of the energy storage container of FIG. 8 in exploded form.
1 How to carry out the present invention As shown in FIG. 1, desiccant heat storage device 011! In an embodiment, the tube 11 is an air source, i.e. external air is connected to the mixing chamber IJK.
The sending coil 13 has a vane for adjusting the air flow to a constant level and a heat roller 13 connected thereto. Other tube 14
The windmill 16 has an inlet end 1sK, and an outlet side 17 of the windmill is connected to a pipe 18 forming an outflow loop. Windmill 16 is about 8
．． The wind turbine has a displacement of 5 to 1!8 mv'. The tube 18 has a sensor 111 and is also a heat exchanger!
It leads to the evaporation side 20 of l.

Pipe 18 is then a rehumidification chamber with an air rehumidifier z8! Pass 8. The rehumidifier may be a commercially available drum or spray type humidifier. The tube 18 then leads to a heater chamber z with an air heater z5.
4. The heater should be a resistance heater with a rating of 1080&W.

Inlet 8 of desiccant bed 38 of tube 18? There is an eighth thermal sensor 116 in the tube 18 just before entering. 1m of desiccant floor! A11
Similar construction configurations will be discussed in detail below with respect to FIGS. 8 and 4.

Outlet 39 of desiccant bed 88 is connected to tube 80 forming a return loop.
There is a phonothermal sensor 81 near the exit z9.

The tube 80 leads to the condensing side 81 of the heat exchanger 21. All moisture in the condensing air is collected in the tray 3s and reused as described below. The tube 80 then leads to a mixing chamber 88 with a control plate for flowing selected air. The mixing chamber has a fifth thermal sensor 84 .

From the mixing chamber 82, the tube splits into two. The tube 85 opens into a mixing chamber 12 in which the vanes recirculate air through the windmill 17 and tube 18 into the device. The second tube 86 is adjusted toward the furnace 87 by means of vanes. The furnace 87 has a pipe 88 connecting the inlet 89 of the furnace windmill 40 and the pipe 86 . Furnace windmill 40 is approximately 2
A wind turbine with a displacement of 8 tlLν' is sufficient. The outlet 41 of the furnace windmill 40 exits at 42 and becomes a hot air outlet 48 . A fifth thermal sensor can be placed at the outlet 48.

The furnace 87 is also the mixing chamber 11! ! Outflow pipe 45 and pipe 8 leading to
8, and a room air return pipe 44 that branches into two.

The internal circulation of the outside and room air mixture by the wind turbine 16 for the load or drying cycle in the operation of the embodiment of the invention is carried out through the heat exchanger 1$11 evaporator @zO, e.g. It is then sent to a heating chamber 24 where the temperature reaches a maximum of 300°C.
Preferably about 1.・Raised to 150℃. Air at this temperature may be mixed with a suitable desiccant (e.g. zeolite, such as Zeolite 111A, Zeosorb 8.3A, Zeosorb 5.OA, orthothiabozite, talinopt 2ite, etc.).
The desiccant is dried through a desiccant bed containing (erionite or mordenite) and exits as warm, humid air at a temperature of up to about 200°C. The warm and humid air then passes through the condenser side 81 of the heat exchanger 21, where moisture is removed and accumulates in the tray 8aK.

Air from the chamber, now at a temperature of about 100 DEG C. to about 150 DEG C., is passed to the mixing chamber 88. If the air is to be recirculated, the air is sent to the mixing chamber 11 where the outside air (through tube 11) and the return air (through tube 4) are combined to reduce its temperature.
Mix with. This cold air is then recirculated by the windmill 16 through the heat exchanger 21 to continue the cycle.

If you want to send air to this furnace 87,
The mixture is sent from the mixing chamber 8B to a pipe 86 that sends the mixture to the mixing chamber 8B.

It is observed that only the highest iat is given. The air m1ll: depends on its humidity at each stage PIfI in the cycle and also on the particular instantaneous stage of the cycle, ie close to the beginning or end of the cycle.

The principle in embodiments of the invention is that the mixing of outside air and return air provides a sufficient 11f difference in the heat exchanger to remove moisture from the hot waste air exiting the desiccant bed. The eight mixing chambers allow the furnace windmill to draw heat from the system when heating is required. The device is designed to provide heat to a building during off-peak hours and store heat at other times.

The desiccant loading condition in desiccant bed 38 is determined by temperature sensors 26 and 81 at the inlet and outlet of desiccant bed 28, respectively. This works on the principle that as the desiccant bed dries, the exhaust air temperature rises to almost equal the incoming air temperature.

In a discharge or heating cycle, the demand for heat starts both the circulation windmill 16 and the furnace windmill 40. During the heating cycle, the vanes in mixing 1111m close to cut off the external air supply from tube 11.

The air is passed through a rehumidification chamber 22 by a sizing wheel 16, where the moisture content is reduced to approximately 80 to 90 degrees, and then passes through a desiccant bed 28, in which the desiccant contains approximately 5 to 80 degrees of moisture by weight. absorbs water, simultaneously dries and heats the air. The hot air exiting the desiccant bed 28 at a temperature of up to about 200 DEG C. passes through the heat exchanger 21 in a non-heat exchanged state and is then drawn through the mixing chamber 88 by the furnace air unit 40. The air is sent through the building and through pipes 44 and 45 to the mixing chamber IJK and then to the windmill 1.
Return to step 6 and continue the cycle. The air temperature is regulated by the amount of water applied to the air from container 82 by pump 49 and control valve 47. To prevent overheating and appreciable heat loss from the desiccant bed 28, a thermostat and data processor 48 are provided to predict heating requirements and shut off the humidifier before the building reaches the desired temperature. At this point, the air is passed through the desiccant bed 2i8, even if it is not moist at all. The air is now used to heat the building, taking up the appreciable residual heat remaining in the desiccant bed. Therefore, the desiccant bed 118 is pumped only when heat is needed, except during the period immediately after loading. Heat that is perceivable during this period will be removed from the desiccant bed 28 as needed until the desiccant bed 28 cools.

In a third embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 8, chamber air passes through an inlet tube 144 to the furnace 18? and connected to the inlet side 115 of the wind turbine 116. The discharge side 117 of the wind turbine 116 is connected via a pipe 118 forming an outflow loop to the evaporator side 120 of the heat pump lit. A heat detector 11 is installed in the tube 118.
There are 9. Tube 118 leads to rehumidification chamber 11fiK with rehumidifier 12B as described above with respect to FIG. 1K. Tube 118 is then connected to heater 125 as described for FIG. 1K.
It communicates with a heating chamber 124 having a heating chamber 124. There is a heat detector 118 before tube 118 enters inlet 127 of desiccant bed IJ8.

Outlet l from desiccant bed 128! 19 communicates with a heat detector 181 having a condensation tray 182 from the pipe 11JK. An outlet pipe 180 forming a return loop from the condenser @181 leads to the mixing 1i11B,8. Mixing chamber ls8 has a heat detector 184. From the mixing chamber 18B, a first tube 185 enters the tube ill for recirculation to the system and a third tube 186 connects to the furnace tube 18.
8 and leads to the entrance of windmill 140 @189.

The furnace cartoe (2) discharges heated air through the discharge side 141 to the high temperature air outlet 14B.

In using this device, air circulation is the same as the venting scheme described in FIG. 1K, except that no external air is required to cool the heat exchanger and remove moisture from the desiccant bed z8.

This function is performed by the use of a heat pump 121 with an evaporator section 180 on the outlet side of the circulation circuit and a condenser section 181 on the return side. The heat for desiccant bed rolling in this embodiment of the invention is provided by a heat pump l! with a resistance heater 115 acting as an auxiliary device. Mostly supplied by IK.

The discharge or heating cycle of this embodiment is the same as described above with respect to FIG. 1 since heat pump 181 is not running during this cycle. Therefore, I will not describe it further at this time.
1 Figures 8 and 4 are representative desiccant heat storage containers 8
00 is shown.

The container has a bottom 81O1 core 840 and a top 5880, all within the parallelepiped hollow box 811. The core part 84θ is filled with a large number of hollow cylinders 841, which are made up of an outer can frame 84s and an inner frame 848, forming a core 844, and each having approximately 8 stitches per meter of stainless steel wire bell-shaped senna and having one area. It is made of square weave wire mesh with a diameter of approximately 88.811. The frame wall is reinforced mid-length and then filled with desiccant material 845, such as zeolite.

Bottom portion 810 has a bottom 812 supporting bottom intake space 818 . Space 818 has a number of inlet tubular collars, the number of which is equal to the number of hollow cylinders 841. The collar 814 is inserted into the core 844 of the hollow cylinder 841.

Space 81B is defined by bottom cap 815. space 81
B is supplied from inlet passage 816.

Similarly, there is a hole 881 in the upper part 880, and an upper exit space 88m below it. There are a number of identical outlet tubular collars 888 in the space 888, the number of which is equal to the number of hollow cylinders 841. A collar 888 enters the core 844 of each hollow cylinder 841. Upper space 882 is defined by cap 384 .

Upper outlet space 882 communicates with the outside through outlet passage 885.

The hollow box 811 consists of an inner wall 810 and an outer wall 8111, and a flame-proof high-density deer insulation core 882 is packed between them.

The collar, top and bottom plates, inlet and outlet caps and top ridges and support plates may all be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. Components should be assembled using corrosion-resistant removable fasteners. All joints should be air-tight using l1lii hot gaskets.

Thus, as noted above, one embodiment of the present invention that utilizes latent heat during the drying cycle is for warming external cold air that typically enters a building. Cold air is drawn into the desiccant circuit and passed through a heat exchanger that cools the air exiting the desiccant bed and removes moisture from the humid air. This in turn warms the cold air so that the air can be distributed within the system. The effect is to pressurize the object by preventing the same amount of air from entering from around the building per air lsa introduced through the desiccant device. The moisture removed by this method (probably about 18 to 18 tmt
> is maintained during use during the humidification cycle of the heating cycle. Cold water humidification may be used during the humidification cycle since peak liquid evaporation would require the same power as used during the duty cycle and would negate the economics of the system. Commercially available standard drum or S-type humidifiers can be used for heating sites.

A second* embodiment of the present invention is the same as Ill, but an improvement in the drying cycle in which a heat pump is used to remove moisture from the warm humid air and reintroduce the heat produced by condensation to the feed side of the desiccant bed. It is the law.

The power of which embodiment to use depends on the personality, local regulations, and customer preferences. For example, some jurisdictions require the provision of minimum ventilation in residential buildings at all times. This makes the IIl embodiment suitable.

Although the described embodiment describes the invention as a retrofit to a blower furnace, it can be used as a new system including a blower system. Other direct heat distribution methods can also be used. For example, high temperature water heating systems, including high temperature air-water heat exchange systems, can be used as new or retrofit systems. tie
Another type of heat distribution system is the so-called duct system.

The device used for latent heat recovery and utilization may be a heat exchanger or a heat pump. If you choose the "one air leak" method as mentioned above, it would be a good idea to use a heat exchanger.Any type equivalent to the evaporator-condenser heat transfer method could be used.
1. The apparatus of the present invention is designed to primarily use Oher peak power to heat the air to dry the dry GLK autopsy bed. But you can use a heat pump. Also, any convenient heat source can be used, such as from an engine. Solar collectors or solar-power heaters can also be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desiccant heat storage device according to the present invention, which uses ventilation to utilize latent heat. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dry heat storage device of the present invention, which uses a heat pump to utilize latent heat. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a heat storage container used in the above-mentioned device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the WJ8 container. Number 11.45.14.114 in the figure, ill air source 16.1
16.40 Windmill 8? , 18th
Blower furnace 88.18B
Air phrase means 21
Heat exchanger 181 Heat pump 2B, 128 Air humidifier 2
4.124 Air heater 28.
128 1g container containing desiccant,
8B, 18B Air mixing chamber 800
box 841
hollow tube 845
Desiccant 814.888 Medium 9 Color 1 Ka 3 1" 4 K2 L 1 L 3 Canada 6 0 Iselden St. Antriuse Circle 6 0 Applicant William Ripple K O 3 P O Ontario Man Star Hamlet Batterwick

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. (-Air-(11,45114 or 114.1l
l); (&) Outflow loop for air circulation (18 or 11)
8) and a return loop (80 or 18G) for air circulation in the circulating body (16 or 116), preferably at a rate of about 8.5 to about 38 k';(#) main heat distribution; System (8)
or 18f); and (me) the above air to the above main heat distribution*(
$7 or 189)%, e.g. through a blast furnace (87 or 187), preferably in combination with a retorfit system, or a hot air-to-water heat exchanger or a high-velocity air system; 18 or 118) for example through recirculation of the air (11 or 111) through a desiccant heat storage (1g or 1118) and/or the main heat distribution system (87
or 137) through an air mixer (88 or l$8) which selectively allows air to be recirculated or selectively blown into the air; 83 or 1B8) selectively acting evaporator heat exchange means (11 or 1ull) in the outflow loop of the recirculated air;
For example, a heat exchanger (zl
) of the evaporator stage (110) or the heat pump 01
1) of the evaporator stage (lSO); a heat pump (1) for heating the air through K heat exchange conditions while cooling the warm and humid air;
11!1l) (I The outflow loop (18 or 118) of the recirculated air
) selectively operating air humidification means (2B or 11)
1), for example a drum-type or blow-type humidifier (18 or l!
Is); (b) Outflow loop of the recirculated air (18 or 1
18) Selectively operating air heating means (24 or 4
3124), for example electrical resistance heaters or heat pumps or solar collectors or solar collectors, preferably from 10 to 3 QIcw.
electric heater; selectively active condenser heat exchange means (91 or 1!) in the return loop (80) of the recirculated air;
l); For example, a heat exchanger (21 ) or the condenser stage (81) or by passing hot and humid air in a heat exchange state with cold air to condense excess moisture from the air and transfer heat to the cold air, thereby removing one unit of heat of evaporation from the air. a condenser stage (181) of a heat pump (121);
7) and the return loop (80 or 180
A device characterized in that it consists of a desiccant container (28 or 188) with an air outlet [29 or 139) to ). 2. The container containing the desiccant (28 or 128) is the box (80
0); a hollow tube (841), for example a perforated hollow tube, located between the inlet space (818) and the outlet space (88g) and containing a desiccant (846), for example a zeolite; Air flow connection between the hollow tube (841) and the space (818, 88g) by means of a hollow collar (814) in the core of the tube; means (8) for supplying air to the inlet vent tube;
16); and means for drawing air from said outlet vent pipe (
885) The device according to claim @1. 8. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the desiccant bed (38 or 188) is constructed and configured to absorb from about 6 to IO- of its weight of water from the moist air passing through it. The device described. 4. fi9! said condenser stage (81 or 181) K attached means (8
i! Or 181! i) Claims 1 and 8
Apparatus according to paragraph or paragraph 8. 5. Said condenser stage (Ill or 181) K attached means (8 g or 182) for recovering the moisture removed from the humid air and means (49, 4) or 149.147). 6. Further comprising a thermostat and associated regulating means (48 or 148) for stopping the air humidifier (49,4? or 149.14?) immediately before detecting a temperature value reaching a predetermined value. The device according to any one of the ranges 1 to 5. ? , <4) (- drawing external air and/or internal air into the internal air circulation system; (b) heating said external air and/or
(c) passing internal air heated to a temperature between 800° C. and 800° C. through a desiccant bed to dry the desiccant bed while storing heat in the desiccant bed and suddenly transferring moisture; The warm and humid air at a temperature of approximately ioo"c is drawn from the floor, (φ) the above-mentioned warm and humid air is passed through a condensation zone to reduce its moisture content, and (-) the above-mentioned dry air is sent to the Kamiayu internal air circulation system. (b) trapping the internal air into the air circulation system; (g)
The above air is converted into humid air (ship) The above humid air is passed through the above dry desiccant bed to humidify the above bed to a moisture content of about 5 to 30 parts by weight, and heat is released from the bed to the above air. to dry the air above,
and (s) a desiccant heat storage method comprising the above stored heat recovery step comprising: circulating the warm dry air to the internal circulation system.