JPS5813284Y2 - Carpenter's ruler set - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a carpenter's ruler set used when constructing a corner ridge in a hipped structure of a wooden building.

Generally, the above-mentioned corner eave part has a structure as shown in Fig. 1, in which the corner eave girder 1 is assembled horizontally and at right angles to the end of the main ridge (not shown) located at a high position of the building. , 2 are installed diagonally at a predetermined slope, and the corner eaves beams 1, 2 are attached from both sides of the corner beam 30.
Arrange multiple rafters at right angles to 4..., 5
... are installed in a diagonal manner.

In addition, 6 is a flint beam stretched between corner eave girders 1 and 2, and T is a bundle.

In the corner ridge part of such a structure, first, the corner tree 3 has a mountain 3a on its upper surface along its entire longitudinal direction, which is called a shinogi.
C is the top surface 4a and road surface of each distributed raft 4...
parallel to each other, the other return surface 3d is the other distributed tree 5
The upper surface 5a of ... is parallel to the road surface.

This is for installing the roofing board (not shown).

Further, the eave end cut 3e of the corner tree 3 is corner cut at approximately 45 degrees with the above-mentioned back ridge 3b line as a boundary, and one end surface 3f thereof is parallel to the eave end cut 4b of the distributed rafter 4... Then, the other end face 3g is the same distributed tree 5...
・It is made parallel to the eave tip cut 5b.

This is for the installation of a fascia (not shown).

Further, the upper end cut 3b of the corner tree 3 is canted at 45 degrees with respect to the line of the back ridge 3b in order to join with the main ridge.

The corner eave girders 1 and 2 are formed with sliding jaws 8 for fitting the corner wood and sliding jaws 9 and 9 for fitting the distributed beams.
And the abdomens of the distributed rafters 4, 5, etc. near the tips of the eaves are tightly fitted.

Corner joint cuts 4c, 5c are formed at the upper ends of the distributed timbers 4, 5, . . . so as to be joined to both sides of the corner timber 3.

To explain the above in more detail, generally the corner slope is 3 sun, 4 sun, 5 sun.
For example, in the case of a 4-inch slope, the angle α of the ridge 3a on the top surface of the corner block 3 is approximately 150, as shown in Figure 2 a, b, and c.
The angle β of the eave end cut 3e with respect to the upper edge 3f', 3g'17)
are approximately 45 degrees, and the angle r of the end faces 3f and 3g with respect to the side edges 3f'', 3gI &) dorsal peak 3b is approximately 75 degrees.
It is said to be a degree.

In addition, the upper end cut 3b has an angle δ of 45 degrees with respect to its upper edge 3h'O dorsal peak 3b, and its both side edges 3h'' (7) dorsal peak 3
The angle ε with respect to b is about 75 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 3, the corner eave girders 1 and 2 are assembled by having a sliding jaw 8 cut out on the upper side of the part for fitting the corner beams.

The upper edges 8a and 8a on both sides of the suberi jaw 8 are arranged parallel to each other with the same distance as the width of the corner girder 3, and are inked on the upper surfaces 1a 2'l a of the corner eave girders 1 and 2, respectively. The angle η with respect to the drawn center lines 1b and 2b is 45 degrees, and the angle θ of the inner bottom surface 8b of the sliding jaw 8 with respect to the upper surface of the corner block 3 is set to be equal to the slope of the corner block 3.

Furthermore, a sliding jaw 9 for fitting a distributed timber is cut out midway in the longitudinal direction of the corner eave girders 1 and 2.

This sliding jaw 9 has upper edges 9a, 9a on both sides perpendicular to the central axis 1b or 2b of the corner eave girder, and is mutually connected to the rafter 4.
or parallel with the same interval as the width of 5, and its inner bottom surface 9b
The inclination angle λ with respect to the upper surface 1a or 2a of the corner eave girder is approximately 7
It is said to be 0 degrees.

As shown in Fig. 4a and b, the distributed rafters 4 and 5 have eave tip cuts 04b and 5b that are simply perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rafters 4, but the opposite corner beam joint end cut 4c
, 5c, the angle μ of the upper edges 4c', 5c' with respect to the longitudinal direction of the raft is approximately 45 degrees, and the side edges 4c'', 5
c't) The angle ρ is approximately 70 degrees.

As mentioned above, the corners of the corner eaves 3, the cuts of the rafters 4 and 5, and the sliding jaws of the corner eave girders 1 and 2 are made into various special shapes depending on the slope of the corner eaves 3, and the structure is designed to fit the corner. has been done.

However, when constructing the above-mentioned corner eaves, conventionally there was no ruler for machining the corner wood 3, rafters 4, 5, and sliding jaws 8, 9 of the corner eave girder 1°2, and for this reason, the corner slope From there, the dimensions and angles of each part were calculated through tedious calculations, and based on these values, markings were made using a stylus, etc., and cutting and chipping operations were performed using these marks.

Therefore, only experienced people with extremely high level of ability and long experience could carry out the process, and it was not possible for anyone to process it.

This idea was created in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to create shapes that correspond to the piles and cuts of the corner wood determined by the corner slope, the cuts of the distributed wood, and the various forms of the sliding jaws of the corner eave girder. By preparing a set of various rulers, it is possible to cut out the special shapes of the above-mentioned parts very easily without using troublesome calculations or sizing on site. The purpose of this invention is to provide something that makes it extremely easy to construct corner ridges in structures.

An embodiment of this invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.

The various rulers shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 are the corner bars 3 of the corner ridges shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 described above. This is for processing sliding jaws 8 and 9 of rafters 4 and 5 and corner eave girders 1 and 2.

First, numeral 10 in Figure 5 is a corner block ruler, which is made by cutting a thin rectangular sheet.

In other words, a V-shaped notch corner corner part 10a is formed on the upper side, and the corner corner part 10a is located at the upper surface -3 of the corner wood 3.
The central angle is made the same as the angle α of the peak 3a in order to correspond to the angle a.

In addition, this corner block ruler 10 has nine center lines 10b extending across both ends at positions divided into two in the vertical width direction, and a core line 1 parallel to the center line in the middle of the upper half of the center line 10b.
0c is formed.

An upper edge portion 10d, 10e of the upper end of the corner corner cut is formed at one end of the core wire 10c.

These advanced shape parts 10d and 10e are the eave end cut 0 of the corner tree 3.
It corresponds to the upper edge 3f't3g' of 6e, and is inclined in opposite directions to the core line 10c at the same angle as the angle β of the upper edges 3f' and 3g' to the dorsal peak 3b. .

Continuing from the end of one of the higher-level shaped portions 10d, a corner corner upper end cut upper edge portion 10f is formed on one end side below the center line 10b.

This side edge shaped portion 10f corresponds to the side edge 3f of the eave end cut 6e of the corner tree 3, and is inclined with respect to the core line 10c at the same angle as the angle γ with respect to the back ridge 3b. are doing.

Further, an upper edge portion 10g of the upper corner corner cut is formed at the other end of the core wire 10c.

This upper edge shaped portion 10g corresponds to the upper edge 3h' of the upper end cut 3h of the corner block 3, and is oriented to one side with respect to the core line 10c at the same angle as the angle δ with respect to the back ridge 3b. It is sloping.

The center line 10b is continuous with one end of the upper portion 10g.
A side edge portion 10h of the upper end cut of the corner block is formed on the lower end edge, and the side edge portion 10h corresponds to the side edge 3h'' of the upper end cut 3h of the corner block 3, and It is inclined with respect to the center line 10b at the same angle as the angle ε with respect to the back peak 3b.

Using the corner block ruler 10 configured as described above, first turn the ruler 10 upside down and place the corner block chevron portions 10a on both ends of the corner block 3 to mark out the top surface -3a of the corner block 3. Can be formed.

Also, place a corner block ruler 10 on the upper surface of one end of the corner block 3, align its core line 10c with the back ridge 3b of the corner block 3, and in this state, draw the corner block eave cut upper edge portion 10d.

Mark the top surface of one end of the corner block 3 along line 10e, then apply the corner block ruler 10 to one side of the one end of the corner block 3, aligning the center line 10b with the upper edge of one side of the corner block 3,
In this state, marking is performed on one side of the corner wood 3 along the corner edge portion 10f of the cut end of the corner eave, and marking is also performed on the other side in the same manner.

With this, by notching one end of the corner tree 3 along the marking line between the upper edge and the side edge, the end face 3fy3g of the eave tip cut 3e is cut out.
can be formed.

Next, apply the corner block ruler 10 to the upper surface of the other end of the corner block 3, and mark the top surface of the corner block 3 along the upper edge 10g of the upper end cut with the core line 10c aligned with the back ridge 3b of the corner block 3. Next, apply the corner block ruler 10 to one side of the corner block 3, and with the center line 10b aligned with the upper edge of one side of the corner block 3, cut the corner block 3 along the upper end cut side edge 10h. Ink out one side of the.

Then, the upper end cut 3h can be formed by cutting out the end of the corner tree 3 along the marking line between the upper edge and the side edge.

Next, reference numeral 11 in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a ruler for corner eave girder sliding jaws, and this ruler 11 is used for the sliding chin upper edge shape ruler 12 shown in FIG. 6 and the front and back edges of the sliding chin shown in FIG. Shape ruler 1
The upper edge ruler 12 is made by cutting a rectangular thin plate as shown in FIG.
is formed, and a sliding jaw centerline 12e inclined at 45 degrees is formed through the intersection of the centerlines 12a and 12b.

Then, the corner blocks 3 are arranged parallel to the sliding jaw center line 12c and sandwiching the corresponding vertical jaw center line in the middle.
The upper edge portions 12d, 12d on both sides of the sliding jaw are intermittently cut out at intervals equal to the width of the sliding jaw.

In addition, this upper edge shaped ruler 12 has a sliding jaw center line 12c.
Upper edge lines 12e, 12e are formed at right angles to the rear end of the bevel jaw.

On the other hand, the front and back edge shape rulers 13 shown in FIG.
An edge line 13a corresponding to the edge edge amount ink line 1c of d is formed parallel to the upper side.

On the upper side of the hand portion on one end side, there is formed a side edge portion 13b on the side of the front opening of the sliding jaw for fitting into a corner piece, which is cut out into a substantially opening shape.

This front side edge portion 13b corresponds to the front end opening edge 8c of the sliding jaw 8 for fitting the corner piece of the corner eave girder 1 shown in FIG.

Further, on the upper side of the hand portion on the other end side, there is formed a V-shaped cutout edge portion 13c on the side of the back door of the chin for fitting into a corner block.

This side edge portion 13c of the back door corresponds to the opening edge 8d at the back end of the corner jaw 8 of the corner eave girder 1 shown in FIG.

In addition, on one end side of the sliding jaw front and back edge shape ruler 13, there is a sliding jaw slope shape for raft fitting having the same angle as the inclination angle λ of the inner bottom surface 9b of the sliding jaw 9 for raft fitting of the corner eave girders 1 and 2. A portion 13d is formed.

Therefore, when forming the sliding jaws 8 and 9 using the upper edge shape ruler 12 and the front and back edge shape rulers 13 of the corner eave girder sliding jaw ruler 11 configured as described above, first, the upper edge shape ruler 12 is Place the center line 12a on the top surface 1a of the eave girder 1 and connect it to the corner eave girder 1.
The center line 12b is aligned with the center line 2b of the corner eave girder 2, and in this state, the upper edge portions 12d on both sides of the sliding jaw are aligned.

Marking is done on the upper surface of the corner eave girders 1 and 2 along line 12d, and the upper edge shape line 12c of the back edge of the corner chin is also drawn.

Mark the upper surfaces of the corner eave girders 1 and 2 along the extension line of 12e.

In this way, upper edges 8a, 8a on both sides and upper edge 8 of the back end of sliding jaws 8 for fitting corner pieces as shown in FIG.
After drawing the marking lines of e and 8e, use the front and back edge shape ruler 1
3 to the front side side surface 1c of the corner eave girder 1, and mark the corner eave girder 1 along the front side edge portion 13b with the door side line 13a matching the door side ink line 1e. , Next, turn the front and back edge shape rulers 13 upside down and apply them to the side surface 1d of the corner eave girder 1 next to the back door.At this time, the other corner eave girder 2 is kept separated from one corner eave girder 1, and then, One corner eave girder 1
Mark out the side surface 1d next to the back door.

On this, draw marking lines for the opening edges 8c and 8d of the front and back ends of the corner chin 8 on the front and back entrance vaginal sides 1ct1d of the corner eave girder 1.

And those front and back opening edges Qc. 8d, the upper edges 8a, 8a on both sides, and the upper edges 8e, 8c of the rear end by cutting out the corner eave girders 1, 2 to form the corner jaws 8 for fitting the corner pieces.

In addition, when forming sliding jaws 9 for fitting the rafters on the corner eave girders 1 and 2, cut out the same dimension as the width of the rafters 4 or 5, but at that time, cut out the slopes of the front and back edge shape rulers 13 on the inner bottom surface 9b. The shaped portion 13b is applied and cut out until the inclination angle of the inner bottom surface 9b becomes λ to form the sliding jaw 9 for fitting into the rafter.

Next, 14 in Figure 8 is the wooden ruler distributed, and this ruler 1
Reference line 4 is cut from a single longitudinal thin plate, and a reference line 14a is formed in parallel from the upper side at the same distance as the vertical thickness of the rafter 4 or 5, and on one end side of the reference line 14a is formed from the upper side. Up to this point, a corner block joint end cut advanced shaped portion 14b is formed.

This upper cut portion 14b is the corner joint end cut 4c of the distributed timber 4 or 5 shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b.

The upper edges 4c' and 5c'o of 5c are inclined at the same angle with respect to the upper side.

Further, a corner joint end cut side edge portion 14c is formed below the reference line 14a at one end of the ruler 14.

This cut side edge shape part 14c is the side edge 4 (/', 5 c" of the corner joint end cuts 04c, 5c of the rafters 4, 5 distributed above)
o It is inclined with respect to the reference line 14a at the same angle as the inclination angle ρ with respect to the upper surfaces 4a and 5a.

Therefore, using the rafter ruler 14 configured as described above,
First, the top surface 4a of the trees 4 and 5 on which the ruler 14 was distributed,
5a, and its upper side and reference line 14a are aligned with both side edges of the upper surfaces 4a and 5a of the rafters 4 and 5.

In this state, mark the upper surfaces 4a, 5a of the rafters 4, 5 along the upper edge shape 14b of the corner joint end cut, then apply the ruler 14 to the side of the rafters 4, 5, and mark the reference line 14a. Match the upper edge of one side of the rafters 4 and 5, and in that state, move the rafter 4 along the corner joint end cut side edge 14c.
, 5 is marked out on one side.

Corner joint end cuts 4c and 5c shown in FIG. 4 can then be formed by cutting along the marking lines drawn on the upper and side surfaces of the ends of the rafters 4 and 5.

As mentioned above, if a carpenter has a set of the corner wood ruler 10, the corner eave girder sliding jaw ruler 11, and the distributed wood ruler 14, the pile 3 of the corner wood 3 of the corner ridge part of a yoshie-zukuri
a. Machining of the eave tip cut 3e, the upper end cut 3h, the corner jaw 8 for fitting the corner wood of the corner eave girders 1 and 2, the sliding jaw 9 for fitting the rafters, and the corner wood joint end cuts 4c and 5c of the distributed rafters 4 and 5. It can be done very easily and accurately, and there is no longer any need for the tedious and complicated work of calculating angles, etc. and using a cutting tool to make complicated markings and notches. It is extremely simple and allows even people who are not experienced in the construction of the corner ridge to be able to construct it smoothly.

Note that this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment; for example, the corner eave girder ruler 11 may be replaced with the upper edge shape ruler 12.
It is also possible to integrally form the front and back edge shape ruler 13 with a single thin plate, and also the corner block ruler 10 and the distributed wooden ruler 1.
4 may be bent at right angles at each center line 10b or reference line 14a, and furthermore, the lengths of the corner timbers and rafters may be set in advance in addition to the various rulers 10, 11, and 14 mentioned above. A ruler (not shown) such as a tape measure may also be added to the set.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the force ζ described for the case where the corner slope is a 4-dimensional slope may be provided with various rulers separately for a 3-dimensional slope or a 5-dimensional slope, or the various rulers for a 4-dimensional slope described above may be used. Various shapes adapted to the 3-dimensional slope and the 5-dimensional slope may be formed adjacently.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of the corner part of a typical hipped structure;
Figures 2 ayb and c are side views, plan views, and sectional views of the corner timbers; Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the sliding jaws of the corner eave girders; Figures 4 a and b are side views and plan views of the distributed rafters; Figures 5 to 8 show examples of various rulers of this invention.
Figure 5 is a front view of the ruler for corner timbers, Figures 6 and 7 are front views of the upper edge shape ruler and front and back edge shape ruler of the corner eaves girder sliding jaw ruler, and Figure 8 is the front view of the distributed wooden ruler. It is a front view. 1.2... Corner eave girder, 3... Corner wood, 3a
・・・・・・Top surface of corner wood −, 3b ・・・・Unloading, 3e
... corner wood eave end cut, 3h ... upper end cut, 4,5 ... distributed rafter, 4c. 5c... Corner wood joint end cut, 8... Sliding jaw for fitting corner wood, 9... Sliding jaw for rafter joining, 10... Ruler for corner wood, 10a・・・・・・
・Sumiki Yamagata Department, 10d. 1σe・・・・・・Upper edge shape of corner cut end of corner wood eave, 10f・
... Corner eave end cut side edge, 10g...
- Corner wood upper end cut upper edge shape, 10h... Corner wood upper end cut side edge shape, 11... Ruler for corner eave girder chin, 12d... For fitting corner wood Sliding jaw upper edge on both sides, 13b... Side edge on the side of the front opening of the sliding jaw for fitting the corner bar, 13c... Side edge on the back side of the sliding jaw for fitting on the corner bar ■ 1j edge, 14・・・・・・Ruler for hanging wood distributed, 14b... Upper edge shape of corner joint end cut of bent wood, 1
4c...The edge shape of the cut end of the corner wood joint of the rafter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] For use when constructing a corner ridge of a hipped structure in a wooden building, it is equipped with a ruler for corner timbers, a ruler for sliding jaws of corner eave girders, and a ruler for distributed wood, and the above ruler for corner timbers is a ruler for corner timbers. The corner corner has a chevron-shaped part corresponding to the upper surface, and has an upper edge and a side edge shaped part of the upper end cut of the corner wood, and also has an upper edge and side edge shaped part of the upper end cut of the corner wood, and the ruler for the corner eave girder sliding jaw is a girder. It has an advanced shape part of the sliding jaw into which the corner piece fits, and a side edge shape part on the front and back sides, and a sloped part of the sliding jaw into which the rafter fits, and the above-mentioned distributed rafter ruler is used for the corner piece of the distributed rafter. A carpenter's ruler set characterized by having a joint end cut top edge shape part and a side edge shape part.