JPS5813278B2 - Bunsanzairiyounokoteisouchi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to a material forming apparatus, and particularly relates to a material forming apparatus, and particularly relates to a material forming apparatus that processes a loose dispersible material (hereinafter referred to as a "dispersible material") by applying the impact energy of an explosion, that is, an explosive mixture in a closed space. This relates to a device that compacts materials using the energy generated when they are exploded.

The present invention is most effective for tightening metal chips, especially steel chips that are difficult to compress with known devices due to their elastic properties.

Furthermore, the present invention has favorable effects in compacting granulated materials, dehydrated concentrates, refractories and other atomized materials to produce blanks and finished products of all shapes with predetermined precision.

Known devices for solidifying dispersed material using the impact energy of an explosion include a housing containing an explosion chamber and an actuating cylinder space communicating therewith, the housing having a cylinder rod having a plunger and facing the plunger. and an anvil fixedly connected to said housing with the aid of a connecting rod.

Both the housing and the anvil are movably mounted on the plywood of the device and are moved along the axis of the working cylinder and in a direction opposite the cylinder rod by the reaction force when the explosive mixture explodes in the explosion chamber. It is also possible to move.

Further, a mold and a container are successively arranged between the anvil and the housing in axial alignment with the working cylinder, and the container is assembled and secured for axial movement. An axial passage is provided for filling material.

The moment an explosion occurs in the explosion chamber, the cylinder rod and plunger move within the axial passage to press the material into the mold to form a fixed body.

The material to be compacted is fed into the container passage in batch quantities by a dispenser communicating with the container.

In such a dispersion material consolidation device, the mold is fixed to an anvil, and at the moment of explosion in the explosion chamber, the material is solidified in the mold by the time-synchronized consolidation action exerted on both sides of the material by the plunger and the anvil. It is molded in advance.

At this time, the housing moves in a direction opposite to the cylinder rod and the plunger due to the reaction.

To provide this reaction, the housing and anvil are mounted on plywood with roller supports.

In addition to the actuating cylinder that imparts a compacting effect to the material, the above-mentioned known device also includes a second actuating cylinder that is used to push out the finished compacted body by an axial movement after the container has separated from the mold. are doing.

This second working cylinder is disposed in the anvil coaxially with the working cylinder housed in the housing, and a through hole is provided at the bottom of the mold through which the rod of the second working cylinder passes. It looks like this.

The container is arranged to be pulled out of the mold and returned to its initial position by two further actuating cylinders mounted on the plywood of the device, and further actuating cylinders are provided to separate the housing and the anvil. is configured to return the to its initial position.

The main drawback of such known dispersion material tightening devices is that they are equipped with a large number of actuating cylinders that are operated continuously to perform secondary actions to set the device in the tightening process.
Furthermore, since these side effects last for a relatively long time, the overall output capacity of the device is low.

Furthermore, the bottom of the mold is provided with a through hole through which the rod of the working cylinder passes in order to push the completed compacted body out of the mold, so that finely dispersed materials such as powder, salt, etc. can be compacted. has the disadvantage of not being applicable.

That is, fine dispersed material may be forced out through the through-hole during the tightening operation.

Furthermore, the disadvantage of the above-mentioned known devices is that their field of application is limited, as they cannot be applied to compacting dispersed materials that require preheating, or they cannot be compacted under vacuum or in a protective gas atmosphere. Otherwise, it cannot be applied to cases where the quality of the product obtained by compacting the dispersion material is degraded, which similarly has the drawback of limiting the field of application.

Furthermore, the known devices are relatively large in size and have an inherent lack of assembly robustness.

It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages.

That is, the main objective of the present invention is to reduce the number of working cylinders by improving the assembly configuration of the device, thereby increasing the output capacity and making it possible to manufacture the compact from a wide variety of dispersed materials, including fine materials. The purpose is to improve the effectiveness of the device.

The above-mentioned object is achieved in an apparatus for fixing dispersed materials by utilizing the impact energy of an explosion, with the following configuration.

That is, there is a housing part that incorporates an explosion chamber and an operating cylinder space that communicates with the explosion chamber, and that the operating cylinder space is equipped with a cylinder rod that holds a plunger, and a housing part that is provided facing the plunger and that is connected to the housing. The anvil and the anvil fixedly connected to each other are assembled on plywood, and a roller is interposed so that at the moment of explosion, a recoil action can be performed along the axis of the operating cylinder and in a direction opposite to the cylinder rod having the plunger. arranged,
Further, a mold and a container are arranged in series between the anvil and the housing, and the container is arranged coaxially with the working cylinder, and is provided with an axial passage for filling the tightening material. movable, and in such a configuration, upon explosion, said cylinder rod with plunger is adapted to operate to form a clamped body in the mold and also to extrude the finished clamped body from the mold; An actuation cylinder is provided which returns the housing with the container and anvil to its initial position.

According to the invention, these actuating cylinders, i.e. the actuating cylinders for pushing out the clamping body, are arranged in the anvil and their axial direction is parallel to the axis of the actuating cylinder provided in the housing, and from this latter axis to the former. The axes of both are arranged to be equidistant apart, while the cylinder rod of the former working cylinder is fixedly connected to a mold formed integrally with the container, and the cylinder rod of the former working cylinder is fixedly connected to the mold formed integrally with the container, and the working cylinder provided inside the container Each is used to accommodate its complementary member as required.

As a result of this, during the forward stroke of the rod of the actuating cylinder housed within the anvil, the plunger pushes the finished clamped body out of the mold, and during the backward stroke the container holding the mold is pushed against the anvil. It is forced upon us.

In an embodiment constructed in this way, the side effects associated with the setting operation can be carried out in advance and at the same time in order to prepare the device for a subsequent tightening operation.

That is, the function of ejecting the completed compact from the mold and the function of returning the container to its initial position are both achieved simultaneously and by the same actuating cylinder (housed within the anvil). This results in an overall increase in the output capacity of the device.

Furthermore, by forming the mold integrally with the container, it became possible to manufacture compacted bodies from finely dispersed materials such as powdered metal materials, dehydrated concentrated materials, salts, and heat-resistant substances.

Now, according to one specific embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the container has a cylindrical shape, the outer diameter of which is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the working cylinder space which is opened to accommodate the container, and which is also similar to the anvil. A protrusion is fixedly disposed in the middle of the housing to limit the amount of movement of the container by the amount of reaction movement that causes the housing and anvil to return to their initial positions.

Such a configuration makes it possible to eliminate the need for an additional actuating cylinder used to return the housing and anvil to their initial positions, thus further increasing the output capacity of the device and making it possible to This makes it possible to reduce the size and shape of the device and improve its structural robustness.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the container passage is approximately equal to the diameter of the actuating cylinder, so that the actuating cylinder is penetrable into the container and the plywood is disposed on its upper surface outside the housing. It includes a fixedly arranged actuating cylinder for returning the housing and anvil to their initial positions.

In such a second embodiment, the passage space of the container can be sealed and communicated with a vacuum source or a tank filled with an inert gas.

In order to seal the passage space of the container, a cylindrical protrusion is provided on the side of the anvil facing the mold, the outer diameter of which is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the mold, and the cylindrical surface of this protrusion is is provided with an annular groove proximate its outer end for mounting a packing ring.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, an annular space is provided in the container wall, and an electric heater is provided within the annular space.

The density and strength of the clamped body formed from such a configuration are increased.

That is, the dispersion material can be heated before it is directly processed in the container passage.

Furthermore, if necessary, the clamping action can be carried out in a protective gas atmosphere or under vacuum.

This makes it possible to consolidate alloy steel chips or titanium-based alloys irrespective of their dimensions, which is characterized by a considerable increase in physicochemical and mechanical properties and the following: Chips and powders can then be used for the production of parts which are characterized in that they do not require any continuous machining operations.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Now, the device for fastening dispersed material according to the present invention using impact energy from an explosion has a base plate 1 shown in FIGS.
are firmly connected and cut out via rollers 2.

The housing 3 contains an explosion chamber 6 and a space 8 for an operating cylinder 9, and this space is open on the anvil 4 side and communicates with the explosion chamber through a bypass valve T.

A piston 10 with a rod 11 is arranged in the space 8, the free end of which carries a plunger 12.

The explosion chamber 6 is connected to a source of energy generator, not shown in the figures, the choice of which is determined by the particular conditions of use of the device.

As a specific example of the energy generator, a powder, a mixture of gas and air, etc. can be used.

A container 13 with a mold 14 is located intermediate the housing 3 and the anvil 4, and the container 13 is arranged axially in series with the working cylinder 9.

The container 13 has a passage 15 penetrating in the axial direction, into which a dispersion material 16 is loaded for each batch amount, which is fixed at predetermined time intervals. Loading door 17 communicating with dispenser not shown
supplied through.

According to the invention, the mold 14 can also be formed integrally with the container 13, the shaping action being performed by an inclined hole in the end face of the container 13 facing the anvil 4.

At the moment when the energy generator is detonated in the explosion chamber 6, the rod 11 of the actuating cylinder 9 and the plunger 12 move through the passage 15 of the container 13 through the action of the plunger 12 to secure the dispersion material 16 formed in the mold 14. Move with your body.

At the same time, at the moment of explosion in the explosion chamber 6, the housing 3 moves back along with the anvil 4 on the roller 2 mounted on the base plate 1, and recoils in the direction opposite to the rod 11 and plunger 12 along the axis of the operating cylinder 9. Make a lot of things.

According to the invention, the anvil 4 has four working cylinders 19
, whose axes are parallel to the axis of the actuating cylinder 9 built into the housing 3 and are equally spaced from the axis of the actuating cylinder 9 .

The rod 20 of the working cylinder 19 is firmly connected to the end face of the mold 14.

A container 13 and an actuating cylinder 9 housed inside the housing 3 are each adapted to receive its complementary member therein as required.

In a first embodiment of the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the outer surface of the container 13 is cylindrical, the diameter of which is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the space 8 of the working cylinder 9. In the first embodiment of the device shown in FIGS.

The space 8 is open on the side of the anvil 4 and the container 1
3, and the container 13 is brought into the space 8 by the action of the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19.

In the case of the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a protrusion 21 is fixed to the base plate 1 between the anvil 4 and the housing 3, and the amount of movement of the container 13 is adjusted to the position of the value "S". This value "S" is the amount of recoil movement of the housing 3 and anvil 4.

With the above arrangement, while the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 is axially moving the container 13 through its forward stroke, the plunger 12 pushes the completed clamping body out of the mold 14 and also pushes the housing 3 and anvil 4 together. Return to initial position.

In a second embodiment according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the diameter of the axial passage 15 in the container 13 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the working cylinder 9, so that the diameter of the rod 20 of the working cylinder 19 is The action causes the rod 11 and the plunger 1 to
It is adapted to accommodate the working cylinder 9 when moved axially by a distance equal to two strokes.

As a result, the plunger 12 moves the completed clamping body 18 into the mold 1.
It is pushed out from 4.

In this embodiment, an actuating cylinder 22 is fixed to the base plate 1 on the outside of the housing 3 and is adapted to transfer the housing 3 and the anvil 4 to their initial position.

In the case of the second embodiment of the device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the space of the passage 15 in the container 13 is sealed and the branch pipe 2
3 to a vacuum source or inert gas tank, not shown in the figure.

In order to seal the space of the passage 15 inside the container 13, a cylindrical protrusion 24 is provided on the side of the anvil 4 on the mold 14 side, and its diameter is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the mold 14.

Both the cylindrical surface of the protrusion 24 of the anvil 4 and the vicinity of the inner end surface on the outer surface of the working cylinder 9 are provided with an annular groove for the packing ring 25 .

The above-described device for compacting the dispersed material now operates as described below.

In both embodiments of the device, in the initial position shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the housing 3, the anvil 4 and the actuating cylinder 9 are
The piston 10, which is equipped with a rod 11 and a plunger 12, is set at the rightmost position as shown in both figures.

At this time, the container 13 is at the leftmost position.

In this state, the actuating cylinder 1 disposed inside the anvil 4
The rod 20 of 9 has been pulled back and the mold 14 is crimped onto the anvil 4.

The operating cycle of the device is started by supplying a batch quantity of dispersion material 16 to be consolidated via the loading door 17 into the channel 15 of the container 13 by means of a dispenser.

The explosion chamber 6 is then connected to a source of energy generator (gas and air mixture) and the mixture is detonated when the bypass valve 7 is closed.

The high-pressure gas generated during the explosion enters the space 8 below the piston 10 of the working cylinder 9 via the bypass valve 1 .

Therefore, by the action of the piston 10, the rod 11 and the plunger 12 move through the passage 15 of the container 13 while increasing their speed.
It moves to the left as shown in the figure and FIG.

At the same time, the housing 3 and the anvil 4 move on the roller 2 in a direction opposite to the rod 11 and the plunger 12 along the axis of the actuating cylinder 9 relative to the base plate 1 due to reaction.

At the moment when the clamping body 18 is formed, the housing 3 and the anvil 4 have reached their rightmost position shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.

In the device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a gap equal to the amount of reaction "S" between the housing 3 and the anvil 4 is formed between the housing 3 and the protrusion 21.

Thereafter, the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 housed within the anvil 4 is advanced together with the container 13 to the rightmost position shown in FIGS. 3 and 6.

In the device of the first embodiment, the container 13 enters the space 8 of the working cylinder 9 with the rod 11, as shown in FIG.

When the piston 10 of the working cylinder 9 hits the bottom of the working cylinder 9, the plunger 12 pushes out the completed clamping body 18 from the mold 14.

As a result, the completed clamping body 18 falls under the action of gravity through the hole in the base plate 1 into a receiving device (not shown).

At the same time, the flange portion 13a of the container 13 (see Figure 3)
is pushed toward the protrusion 21 of the base plate 1.

When the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 moves further to the right, the housing 3 and anvil 4 move by a movement amount "S" toward the left in FIG. 3 due to reaction, and return to their initial positions.

In the device of the second embodiment, when the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 moves forward, as shown in FIG.
The container 13 with the rod 11 reaches the rightmost position in the figure, and the actuating cylinder 9 enters the passage 15 of the container 13.

When the piston 10 of the working cylinder 9 hits the bottom of the cylinder 9, the plunger 12 is released into the completed clamping body 18.
is extruded from the mold 14 so that the clamping body 18 falls into a receiving device (not shown).

Now, in the devices of both embodiments, when the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 is pulled back, the container 13 returns to its initial position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

In the device of the second embodiment, both the anvil 4 and the housing 3 are moved into their initial position by the rod of the actuating cylinder 22.

The devices of both embodiments are then ready for the next operating cycle (see FIGS. 1 and 4).

Now, the feature of the operation of the device of the second embodiment is that the batch amount of the solidified dispersion material 16 is
When the space in the passage 15 is sealed by the packing ring 25 and the inert gas is passed through the branch pipe 23.
at the point where it is fed into the space through.

If necessary, current is flowed into the heating coil 27.

After the batch of dispersion material 16 is heated to a predetermined temperature, it is compacted in accordance with the operating sequence described above.

When the clamping body 18 is formed as shown in FIG. 5, the supply of inert gas that had been supplied into the passage 15 of the container 13 is stopped, and the clamping body 18 is extruded from the mold 14 as described above. It is possible.

The dispersion material fastening device according to the invention has a higher output and capacity than known devices of the same type, and is also compact and relatively robust from a structural point of view.

Furthermore, the provision of the heating coil 27 for the container 13 and the sealing of the passage 15 make it possible to improve the quality of the fastening effect, and also to improve the quality of the fastening effect. It is possible to produce not only compacted bodies but also finished compacted bodies that are characterized by high physicochemical and mechanical properties as well as practical properties.

From the above-mentioned features, one can appreciate the high performance characteristics of the device according to the invention.

Note that the dispersion material tightening device according to the present invention described in the claims can be implemented as follows.

(1) In the device described in the claims, the outer surface of the container 13 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the diameter thereof is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the space of the working cylinder that opens on the anvil side to accommodate the container 13. Furthermore, a protrusion 21 is fixed on the base plate 1 between the anvil 4 and the housing 3, so that the protrusion 21 changes the amount of movement of the container 13 to the distance value "S", that is, the housing 3. A device for securing a dispersed material, characterized in that the anvil 4 is regulated by the reaction force value for returning the rod 20 of the actuating cylinder 19 to its initial position during the forward stroke of the rod 20 of the working cylinder 19.

(2) In the device described in the claims, the diameter of the passage 15 of the container 13 is made approximately equal to the outer diameter of the working cylinder 9, so that the working cylinder 9 is connected to the passage 15.
A device for securing a dispersed material, characterized in that an actuating cylinder 22 is fixedly arranged on the base plate 1 on the outside of the housing 3 to move the housing 3 and the anvil 4 to their initial positions. .

(3) In the apparatus described in item (2) above, the space in the passage 15 of the container 13 is a closed space and is communicated with a vacuum source or an inert gas tank. .

(4) In the device described in item (3) above, in order to seal the space in the passage 15 of the container 13, the anvil 4 has a cylindrical protrusion 24 on the side on the mold 14 side.
The packing ring 25 has a diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the mold 14, and is provided with an annular groove in the cylindrical surface of the protrusion 24 and in the vicinity of the inner end of the outer surface of the working cylinder 9. A device for securing dispersed material, characterized in that it is configured to accommodate and hold the dispersed material.

(5) The device described in item (3) above, characterized in that a heating electric heating coil 27 is built into the annular space 26 within the wall surface of the container 13.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the dispersion material tightening device according to the present invention, showing the initial state, and FIG. 2 shows the device shown in FIG. 1 completing its tightening action. 3 is a similar view showing the moment when the device of FIG. 1 has pushed out the completed clamping body and the housing and anvil have returned to their initial positions; FIG. This is an overall cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the device for securing dispersed material according to the invention, showing the initial state, and FIG. 5 is a similar diagram showing the moment when the device of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the moment when the device shown in FIG. 1 is pushing out a completed compaction body. In the above diagram, 1...base plate, 2...roller, 3...housing, 4...
Anvil, 5... Connection rod, 6... Explosion chamber, 7... Sideway valve, 8... Space, 9... Working cylinder, 10... Piston, 11... Rod, 12... Plunger, 13... Container, 13a... flange portion of container 13, 14... type,
15...Container passage, 16...Material to be secured, 17
... Loading door, 18 ... Fastening object, 19 ... Operating cylinder,
20...rod, 21...protrusion, 22...operating cylinder,
23... Branch pipe, 24... Anvil protrusion, 25... Packing ring, 26... Annular space, 27... Electric heating device, S... Recoil amount.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A device for compacting dispersed material using the impact energy of an explosion, the housing having an explosion chamber and a main operating cylinder communicating with the explosion chamber and having a cylinder rod holding a plunger. and an anvil disposed on the side of the plunger and fixedly connected to the housing are mounted on plywood and both parts are aligned along the axis of the main working cylinder at the moment of detonation. A mold and a container are disposed in series between the anvil and the housing, and are provided on the base plate via a roller so as to be capable of recoil movement in the opposite direction opposite to the cylinder rod and the plunger, and a mold and a container are disposed in series between the anvil and the housing. Both the mold and the container are coaxially disposed with the main working cylinder, and the container is mounted for axially movable movement and has an axially extending passageway therethrough for filling the dispersion material to be secured. At the moment of explosion, the rod and plunger operate, and their action forms a clamped body in the mold, and pushes out the completed clamped body from the mold, as well as the container, housing, and anvil, respectively. In such a dispersion material fastening device, the second plurality of actuating cylinders 19 are arranged within the anvil 4 so that their axes lie within the housing 3. The cylinder rods 20 of the second working cylinder 19 are both formed integrally with the container 13. The container 13 and the main working cylinder are configured to accommodate their complementary parts as required, and the cylinder rod of the second working cylinder is fixedly connected to the mold 14 of the second working cylinder. 20 is adapted to push the completed clamping body 18 out of the mold 14 by the plunger 12 during its forward stroke and to press the container 13 and mold 14 against the anvil 4 during its backward stroke. A device for securing dispersed materials, characterized by: