JPS58125901A - Microstrip line antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain both oblique radiation and front radiation, by connecting serially a linear bar of a strip conductor and a U-shaped part formed at one side of the linear bar and defining the U-shaped part as the base which is parallel to the arm side vertical to the linear bar so as to increase both gain and band width of an antenna. CONSTITUTION:An earth conductor 5 is formed on the entire rear side of a dielectric substrate 4; while a strip conductor 6 is formed on the upper side of the substrate 4 with a line of conductor. The conductor 6 is formed zigzag, and plural sets of a linear bar of a fixed size and a U-shaped part are connected alternately to the conductor 6. Thus all linear bars are formed on a straight line (in the Z direction), and the U-shaped parts are formed at a single side of the straight line. Then the U-shaped parts are defined as a pair of arm sides B1-B6 vertical to the linear part and the bases C1-C3 parallel to the linear bars respecitvely. At the same time, the relations between the lengths (b) of the sides B1-B6 and the length 2a of the straight line side are shown by equationsI-III. Thus both gain and band width are increased for an antenna to realize the oblique radiation in addition to the front radiation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention a relates to a microstrip line antenna, and particularly relates to a new structure of a circularly polarized microstrip line antenna.

Conventional circularly polarized microstrip line antenna VCJ
The dormitory is of the type shown in Figure 1.

In Figure 1, a field body 2t is uniformly formed on the back surface of a dielectric substrate 1, and a straight line piece, a square loop, a straight line piece, a square loop, a straight line piece, etc. are sequentially formed on the front surface periodically. This is a traveling wave antenna formed of a bent strip conductor 3t, and has already been proposed by us, fl.

However, since this cypress antenna is a traveling wave antenna formed by periodically bending one continuous strip, the number of waves changes above the center of the wave. and the main beam direction is the dielectric substrate l 1
7) Scan along the 34 moves. When using this method for transmission and reception at a fixed number of times, we have to take into account the influence of scanning and the peripheral frequency band (which has the drawback of not being explicitly limited.Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to The present invention provides a circular-wave microstripline antenna of the %A type which has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks.

In other words, the ground conductor is uniformly provided on the back side of the main #4rE%;?
a The surface of the electric board is provided with at least one strip conductor bent at a period of +IJ, and the strip 4tE
In a microstrip line antenna π that propagates a K4 row wave and emits a circularly polarized beam, the strip conductor is sequentially connected to a straight piece and a U-shaped portion placed on one side of the straight piece. -1! ! ! At the same time, the U-shaped part is formed by a pair of straight arm sides, the straight piece and a flat base, and the length of the master arm side is sab to L) 7yh et al. 0.5λg
grt line wavelength), and set it to a constant value of t, the length of the straight line segment is 2a, 4 approximately ((-n-m pole T) λg-b)/(1-η cos θm)
- ``Together with Tomodashi m and n, T = 17
πTan-1(sinθm/(1-Wcos#m)
), 7+yt n main beam direction, η=λg/λQtl
The wavelength shortening rate, λ0, is the free space wavelength, and the length cl of the base is approximately ((m±T)λg -b)/(1-vl cos#m)
Its woody characteristic is that it is formed by setting it in advance.

A detailed description of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 4 denotes a board made of a flat dielectric material having an appropriate thickness, and a ground conductor is provided over the entire back surface of the board. This is a strip conductor consisting of a single conductor formed on the surface of the 6rt board 40.

This strip conductor 6 has a meandering structure that progresses in a zigzag manner, that is, a straight line piece of a certain size and a U-shaped part (consisting of both arms and bottom folds of an I@L strip) are alternately repeated (number of face pairs). ) are connected to form all the straight line pieces in a straight line (Z direction), and the U-shape 5 is present on every line of the straight line. Wow. Therefore, the strip conductor 6 has Z-direction sides Al-A4 (collectively referred to as "A") and ct"'C3 (collectively referred to as #:t"C") and Y-direction side B,
It consists of NB6 (collectively referred to as ear BJ), and the length of each side is selected as a predetermined dimension as described below.

In Figure 2, of both ends of the substrate 4 in the longitudinal direction,
- The feeding end is connected to the force field F', and the end G of the assembly has a characteristic impedance (50 Ω
) VRV Tsuching! 1 go load Rt monk blaspheme.

'@ In Figure 2, of the periodic structure of the strip conductor,
Its seven-strand structure is shown in Figure 1g3. We will now refer to this basic structure as a crank-shaped basic confectionery, and hereafter we will theoretically calculate its circular-wave radiation characteristics 1. Now, suppose that the thickness of the crank-shaped basic element is infinitely thin, and a current source through which traveling wave currents of fl, Vr are flowing is temporarily closed, and a radiated electric field on an infinitely distant island is guided.

As shown in FIG. 4, set the coordinate system 1kf so that the four earth bodies are within YZ[l. It is the height of 4 strips from the hα ground conductor force. This is a mirror-image strip conductor in which the ground conductor is assumed to have an infinite size Vr, even though it is shown at a height of -h when the fiber is broken. Here, it is assumed that air is used as the medium near both strip conductors, and that the contribution of the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is treated including the shortened line wavelength λgK.

Here, the far field due to the contribution of the strip conductor is E8, and the far field due to the contribution of the mirror image strip conductor tE! Then, the combined electric field of both El-j becomes as follows.

E=E1+E2=Eo(ejkhsinθcoal −jkksi
mθcosj ) +++ e = j2E1) sin (khsinacos*) j2khE (Isinθcosφ −1
13kh ((1), k = 2π/λ, λO is the free space wavelength.

From now on, as shown in Fig. 5, one crank type basic element is YZ
Measure the far field EO when it is in the plane.

The spherical coordinates of the crank-shaped basic element are (r', a, π/2), and the far field is calculated at the point P (r, θ, -). Now, if the current density of the crank-shaped basic element is J, then the electric vector potential Xt:f, -m is expressed as 0, where μ is the magnetic permeability. As a symbol for calculation of the distant field, the radiation vector is defined as vc as follows.

#= f, completed (W) e”””” d v′-・ts
It becomes 1 on + blow. Unit vector 7, . 7. ,
.

ay, al ff cell each
tnd + a, cos θ - + 610,000, Kyoto point 0 - crank t (1' to the wave source on the basic element z) unit vector a
rIσ a y/ = 87 UM + a, coma
-161. From the 5th and 6th equations, CG311 = ay @ay' = sin# sinφ5ina + cO3e
cO3a −+7).

Electric field π and magnetic field Ttrx The term of electric vector potential X in the second equation is expressed as follows.

π=-E7X...Ca
a>μ Y = -3w(X' +-V(V @K))
・(8b)k'! Friend, dashi, - is the angular degree frequency, V = 7 with the V frame del operator.
U + i, Uni + My i 2 upper ir r dθ rstnθ Za- -191 b 6 a r,
aa and Bs a are r and θ-1 unit vectors in one direction, respectively. If we take the observation point at infinity, then 7xT
is simply shown as follows.

VxX'=-7 output+L or θ h r
``'l Superintendent (Due to rumors, the 81st ceremony will be as follows.

If we assume that the far-field wave is a plane wave, ・Ee =
Zo Htt...(12a
) E, = -zo Hθ- (12b) The rice is reduced. As a friend, ZO is the characteristic impedance in air and is usually expressed as 120π. Therefore, from Equation 11 and Equation 12, ζ几 et al. You can ask for it.

Therefore, the radiation vector of Equation 13 has a value of 0 and a value of Na3, Ntri, and a rectangular coordinate component N.

It can be obtained from and N using the following relationship.

Ny w Ny cosθ5in--N4 sinθ
---(11a) Nj = Ny c
os−= (14b) Therefore, the radiation vector absorption N! and N, and from this, the conditions for circular-wave radiation can be found.

Next, find the radiation vector distribution and therefore the electric field of the crank-shaped basic element. However, when φ=00, that is, only the radiation vector component in the lX plane is treated as t. Now, the current once'k
Joe” ζ, where β-2π/λλg is the frame line wavelength and ζ is a distance variable, then from the 1g3 formula, with reference to @5 diagram, N
,,N, is expressed by a 12th order equation.

N, =f" Joej (β-kcos' dz(*
+ c -jβb-j (-1-)g d.

+ノ Joe = 2Jo e3β)-1(β-h-Xa+1
β-kcos# (sin(β-kcos#)'e"""-1kow no. 15in(β-kcoso+5in(79-kcos#)'e-'βb-(β
--'s "p>(sin(β-k coUF)T +5in(β-kcosθ)2・2cos(βb+(β
-kcos#)-! T-) )( sin (βb+(
β-kcos#)(ahy-))...(l-) (ej?+bar-=-ah+-j?-bar-hcm#)j.

. −j#b−j(−゛−θ)(”peak)−(15b)?!
Using the case of φ=00 in the X4 formula and substituting the relationship in the 15th formula, the following 14th formula is obtained.

Nz = -Nz sin# -2St4), C08(b+(p kcos 匝,]C-
j'r...(16a) Nφ = NY...(16b) γ=βb+(β-kcosθ)(a-+T)...(1
6c) In the above equation, there is a phase difference between Nθ and Nφaπ/2, so the condition for circularly polarized radiation at θ=θ□ is as follows. = iflc according to equations 16 and 17. Next, crank-shaped basic elements are periodically connected to form an array antenna, and θ=θl! In the l#-=0 direction, the main beam is changed in shape, that is, the phase of the wave radiated from the starting point F1 and the ending point F2 of the crank tp basic element is θ.
Referring to Figure 6, the conditions for in-phase in Yukata (B) are as follows: k(2a+c)cosθ, -β(2a+2b+c) =
2nyrn: Seikiko...(
1-) Ma72H1βb+(β-kcos0.)(a+H
) =-nπ (19b). @19b1
Substituting into formula 9b@18 gives 5in(-”)
``V As O, the above formula becomes the frame. If you transform the %2Ob formula... it becomes a phantom. However, η = k / β = λg / ^0 Ill has a leftover. The 19th b and the From type 21・
・・４：）・Mizumera n,ru. For 4M21 formula and 22nd formula, bl + erut m and n17) ji correct pair! A against wasting.・Work cnii ma^. In other words, the dimensions of the famous crank-shaped basic nest f are 11! T is frozen. Note that in both equations, the upper number of the symbol indicates left thigh circular wave, and the number F indicates right-handed circularly polarized wave.

In the 21st and 22nd equations, the combination of m=1 and n=-2 is the 4 structure of the crank-shaped basic element. Therefore...(23a)...(23b) Therefore, if an excessive value is given in the above equation, a
Once the values of y and C are determined, the shape of the crank cedar basic confectionery, which emits circular waves in all directions, can be determined. In this case, the radiation mectol yield of the crank-shaped group X cliff INθ12 and IN
φ1 is the 16th formula and the maximum of the 19th bsin ('¥') + m is 17) h et al., sin call) = 1, so b
=λg/2 becomes one shift at most. Friends, -! ／−≧
b) bt- can be freely selected within the range of U.

As a more special example, the case where θ0=π/2 will be explained in detail. In other words, the field of direct radiation is 1 child! 23
This is simply shown in Eq.

This is a conditional expression that radiates a 4-circle vIiii wave in the case of the left rotation circle - wave in the case of the above case. The explanation below,
Performed on the J4 stand of Yuseki Senen-Anta. Formula 24b % Formula % (25) If you add bt4 in the above formula, you can get ay and C frame ioden^〇9, and physically it is possible to configure it in the range of 3λg/4 > b > 0, but b It is desirable to select a value of λg/2 or less. From the formula %25, 2a+2b+c=2λg ・” (26a
) is the relational force of 3K, but what this equation means is the line length of the crank-shaped base X element! = 2a + 2b + c rf2λg, and the combination becomes 2a-c 2Ag/2
Select rc or the circle *4 wave radiation in the true concave direction is necessary tL
This indicates that it is a condition.

Next, the above-mentioned crank-shaped basic element emits circularly polarized waves using the following principle: θ, = π/2, d = 0, b = λg
/4 will be explained as an example. At this time, the second specification
Using Equation 5, it is determined as follows.

By folding four strips into this microstrip line antenna in four stages, we will create a progressive LIi antenna.
A current source that flows 4 strips into 1, and 1, F
explain. The power supply point shown in Figure 2 is composed of the above straight line and U-shape, with 9 strips VC.
If a high frequency 'spiral flow is supplied, the name is t+ on one piece of 4 bodies, 11. 7. The direction of current t at a certain moment is shown as: electric current, 7. L
The direction is reversed every λg/2 vc. This situation is shown in Figure 7 (shown in Figure 7) with a thin line and an arrow.

Of these, only the shape of the crank shape base X confectionery is shown in Figure 7 (L).
) is small. This crank-shaped basic element is divided into two step shapes so that there are 19 pairs.

This one electron is shown in Figure 7 (1c). The microstripline antenna radiates electromagnetic waves in the same direction as the high-frequency current on the four strips and in proportion to the size of the high-frequency current. Therefore, each side of the step-shaped conductor
θ=π/2. d=0
When observed in an infinite direction directly ahead, the time 1 =
00 and negative figure 7(d) [shown once. KofLge2
II radiated from two step-shaped radiant sweets! It is also considered that the two straight-line waves are a combination of forces.

Figure 8 (a) shows the state of +d t = o when r
Show n.

FIG. 8(b) shows the same temporary electricity transfer after time t or 178f has elapsed. However, this is the frequency of the high-frequency electric field 1"fL used for FRT length. At this time, when viewed from the same direction as the antenna (toward - If further time elapses, 'k (C) ~ (il VC is shown, MJ4, crank; and rotates counterclockwise when looking toward the antenna, and IIgJIfi occurs in a time l/f, that is, in one cycle.At this time, the size of the field vector nefL' shown in Fig. 8 is constant at 100. θ=π/
2. φ = 0, that is, in the direct direction, relative to time -
1, 1 speed, and 1 time per cycle. Figure 8 rc2 shows that the two step-shaped radiating elements are orthogonal wave radiating elements as time passes, and the phase is 90° relative to the dark VTRT of N people. shows that they are different. This shows that in a field δ where both electric field amplitudes are equal, the combined wave is a single circular wave.

[, together with the four meandering strips 6J in Fig. 2
:The electromagnetic wave rlLrj radiates, turning right with Tokiura 1
1+1lIIt is radiating. In this case, since the length of the 4 strips of the crank-shaped elementary element is lα2λg, the circular wave radiated from the so-called rank-shaped 4X element is a true circle'5.
At 1C11, the phase becomes rt + uJ, and 71 zo n join and meet.

Therefore, the antenna 100 crank Ib shown in FIG.
MotonosukoR series feeding and redundant array antenna metal 4L means π. In the explanation, it was used as a transmitting antenna, but it can also be used as a circular wheezing wave receiving antenna! nff-.

Relationship between 14 waves f for long vc length and main beam direction θ - ζ
Regarding this, this relationship is already shown in Equation 19a. L=2a+c, j=2a+2b+c, n=-
2 to express equation 19a, kLcoss#, -β/ = -4yt, and! and Lμ, respectively, the length of the crank-shaped elementary element strip 4 and the length shown in FIG. 2 with periodicity, V being the speed of light. Equation 28 means that when the local wave radius changes, the main beam direction also changes, and the relationship can be expressed as
vclf is expressed by the following equation.

The above formula shows that the larger the length of the strip 4 body period (1 [), the smaller the absolute value of Dan Q becomes. Therefore, the larger the vc period fkL, the smaller the scanning of the main beam with respect to frequency change. It means.

When comparing the conventional circular-wave microstrip line antenna with the antenna 1011 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Depending on the way the strip conductor is routed, the circumference J9I length Lrt of the strip conductor can range from a minimum λg to a maximum of less than 2 g. Therefore, the antenna l0 according to the 61° example of the present invention
H1 ratio scanning sensitivity Q is about 1~g, s1@ is small ζ, and when used for transmitting and receiving at a constant weight, the local wave ratio m is about 1
This indicates that it was twice as large and used as a pasture. However, as mentioned above, the amount of radiation from the crank-shaped base X element is proportional to 5 in ('') VC, and if the value of b is too small, only a small amount of radiation will be emitted, which is not practical.

The resulting force is within the reasonable range of λg/2nbΣλg15 4 degrees, and the RID wave plate bandwidth is about 1 to 1.6 times wider.

As mentioned above, there is an advantage that the smaller the value of the ratio is selected, the wider the frequency band gC becomes, but on the other hand, new drawbacks may also arise. This is the case of SofLniL7-2a+c)^0. In other words, when the period HL of the strip conductor becomes larger than the free space wavelength λ0, grating lobes occur, reducing the characteristics of the antenna.
happens. For example, using a microstrip line with effective wavelength shortening rate η = λg/λ (, = o, as, when b = λg/4, L = 1.5λg = 1.5 X O, 68 people Q
=1,02λ0 > λ0... This is the end, and a grating lobe appears near the longitudinal direction of the dielectric substrate 4.

In general, as a method to eliminate the grating lobes of a -dimensional array antenna, two identical array antennas are arranged in parallel on the same plane, and the length of the dt is shifted by half a period of 14 periods, so that the so-called radiating nests are arranged in a triangular arrangement. There is. This method tb was used because it can be applied to this invention. Kon
is an actual example shown in the filO diagram, and using the specifications shown in Equation 27, the formula 7j is shown in Figure 11. In other words, the circularly polarized microstrip line antenna lO'iU-shaped 1gMk
ltj JL14 Pass, arranged in parallel, and U-shaped part e
It is a friend that is constructed by shifting 3λg7. In addition, the first
According to figure 0, although a tapered 11-shaped part f is formed at the exact point F and the end point G, by connecting in parallel, the characteristic impedance becomes T at V, so the impedance is compensated for (increased). ) is the ninth.

Also, in Figure 11, it is generally left to Jl ^ length! and realizes four strips 6,60-1:
1, by appropriately selecting Jl, it is possible to reduce the conversion rate to the π-engineered characteristic. Of course, the degree of the mirror layer is not limited to VC and 4G.

Is there another configuration in Figure 12 that shows the same characteristics as Figure 11?
! - Show. In this configuration example, from the power supply QF in FIG.
``N for each 7-trip body, subtract λg,
It is composed of At this time, the rc configuration must be made so that the final @G (near G') shape is entirely or soul symmetrical. With this configuration, the nine circularly polarized microstrip fin antenna corresponds to a grating lobe ( As a result of the fields having opposite phases and acting together, the grating lobe is suppressed and the electric field at φ = 0° and θ = 90° is calculated as 0 superimposed KW and has only a single directivity. .

Next, find the conditions for eliminating grating lobes. @
In Figure 13, two identical microstrip line antennas 10 are installed in parallel in the YZ direction.

The position 1z of the starting point F'tz with respect to the starting point Ftl, (b)
Shift it by 01. -10,000, supply' 4 Let the ML road surface difference from point F to start point Ft1ν machining start point F12 be dl. At this time, -=0, θ=θ, and tI! 1 fish Fil and starting point F
Conditions for the phases of the electromagnetic waves emitted by 1JjL to be in the same phase α, kl) 1cos1ym−βdl=2Mg,
M: integer ・we-to, microstrip line antenna 1u-tz=θ, the condition for forming a king beam in the direction is 5, which is already shown in Equation 19a. That is, kL cosθm−βl = 2nπn: 4kK
01'44-tit, L = 2a+c,
The condition for the n-th beam to become the main beam is to simultaneously satisfy both the 31st and 32nd equations: l=2a+2b+c. . Therefore, from both equations, L)1(β/+2nr) = L(βdl +2Mg)
”・Gift, rising l > d can be found. -force, (n-
1) Conditions for grating low in the next beam mold = sig direction, from the 1%-rJ19a formula, kLcO80g-β/ = 2(n -1)g
1. , ZC shows n, trl'ff to erase this grating lobe, θ=t1g starting point fx1srL
UtltaF1z J: Conditions for the phase of the emitted electromagnetic waves to be opposite in phase. Therefore, the following formula is shown11-^.

kDencosθg −βdt = (2M
l) π ・・・131111 Condolence 34
In order to simultaneously supplement both formulas, formula 2 and formula 35,
(n −1) order beam or grating lobe r
This is a condition for Nishikicho. Therefore, from both equations, Dl(βj+2(n-1)π) = L(βdt+(2
M-1)g)...The relationship that I had always had become cold. Therefore, the 31st formula, the 32nd formula, the 3rd formula
n that satisfies all formulas 4 and 35 at the same time is a single finger [
This is a microstrip line antenna with only four characteristics. f) K, and from the 33rd and 36th equations, Dl=T...(37a) dl==ヱ+<"--M)λg...(37
b) 2 results are obtained. -611 as shown in Equation 27 as an example
When using 7Cft, n=-2, M=-1(d
) If it is the shortest at u), 3 Dl ” 2 = τ in g
... (38a)'dl=10=
λg...C3&), resulting in the dimensions shown in FIG. In addition, @37 type Seki*Stile (n + 1
) At the same time, the convergence tZ for the next beam is %Ab0. When the king beam direction 1OUTIK is not directly in front of it, that is, when the angle is 1.1 to 90°, the circumference MfkL becomes ivr* louder than the free space wavelength λ0, and θ=θg direction -1
)-order beams other than fθ = θgg may exist at K(n-2)-order beams...1 @ time l. In this case, the (re-1)-order beams are deleted using the above two-column 4. Then, considering these two rows as jil-IX, we can arrange two parallel lines.
4. Erase the (n-2)th beam with A1. In this field &, IK34 formula, (n-1)t(n-2)
Change 1m to 1m and do the same thing.
k) z −7 d2 ==j−) <−E−−M)λg ・・
・(39b) 4 As a result, it will be a result. -For example, φ=0.0. =45°
, b=0.46λg, then from Equation 23, / =
2a+2b+c = 38g...(40
a) L = 2a+c = 2.08λg
−(40b) tonari, θg=·90°K(n−1)-order beam, and egg=135°K(n−2)-order beam appear as grating lobes. At this time n=
-2,11=0(d)0), then (4□a) D2 ='T= o, s 28g d2=d once -= 0.25λg ... (41
b) Next to 2. Also, from the 37th formula = 2 = DI 21.04λg - (42a)
dl, L=1.5λg...(42b)
is determined. An example of a structure for eliminating these grating lobes is shown in FIG. 14, and this is an example in which a two-row configuration such as that shown in FIG. 12(f) is used.

In addition, the above explanation α is all about the transmission of 6 fart circularly polarized waves (described as a d antenna), and as shown in Figures 158 and 15B, Inverted smu, also Figure 168 and @16B
As shown in the figure, the direction of the U-shaped part is reversed [L-shaped antenna 10
By combining two strips and shifting T by 1 to form ti, the transmitting/receiving antenna on the left-handed circular side Vat will also be included in the configuration.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17AFAy and FIG. 17B, a pair of point-symmetric π microstrip line antennas 10 and 10 may be disposed across Vrt with the feed point approximately at the center, and power may be fed (power received) from the center.

It is possible to implement the antenna as a surface array antenna having a plurality of arbitrary antenna rows.

・The 18th AI%l work shown in Figure 18B shows the microstrip line antenna IL11 configured as described above, with VCs arranged in parallel (triangular arrangement) on the same board on the same board. As shown in Fig. 19, the isolated microstrip line antennas 10 (Z41 diagonal array (regular arrangement)) are arranged on the same substrate, and each length is 11 times. , FIG. 2OA and FIG.
It is centrally fed and closed. It goes without saying that compensation for the line impedance is carried out in the same manner as in the case of the nine antennas shown in FIG. 1O.

Next, the experimental results of a microstrip line antenna consisting of the same four antennas as in the above-mentioned example (second stage) will be shown in Sakai. The direction of the ball beam is directly in front of you (θ□=90°, -1=0
For the case of °), please provide the dimensions of each part of the prototype example! Figure 3
-s The following F is specified with reference to F. All sides are the length along the center line.

(a) Substrate material: Rexolite 1422 (@
Material: Cross-linked polystyrene Relative dielectric constant:
εr=2.53 Loss coefficient: tanC=6.6 ) Length to side in 2 directions @: 7,53 mm (to) Strength b of side B in Y direction: 6,70 mm ()) Length of side C in 25 directions: 6,84 mm (Number of U-shaped conductors N :i6 Figure 821 shows the U-shaped conductor of strip conductor 6 (1-1
6, and the Yoshinobu antenna is biased with respect to the propagation power υi[il
The characteristics of the electric field in the 2z-x plane are obtained by mechanically rotating i and receiving it with a prototype antenna. The actual measured od data is one of the following.

u) Hi-wave: f=11.95GHz (-free sky 1i
Wavelength: λ6 = 25.08mm゛(c) Rut path wavelength: λ
g = 17.06mm (laughing young U length shortening early η = λg / λQ
==0.68) Direction of E beam: θ, =90°, φ
m==Q.

(e) Gain: G = 16.5 dBi (idi
#The ratio with the index rotation antenna shows that it is true) (f) Beam 11 d: Δθ = 3.9° (g) + IF [
1l1111: Δy = 3 30Mdz chi, ratio: AR = 0.82dB t-in 1 ball beam direction is diagonal once (θ0 = 60°, φ.

-0°), the dimensions of each part of the prototype are as follows. However, if it is not explicitly stated, the same material and the same dimensions are used in the case of the direct front direction.

(a) Length of side A in Z direction (a: j2.0mm (d)
%# b of side B in Y direction: 7.8 mm (c) H2C of side C in 2 directions: 9. Figure 22 rsZ-XIi] shows the electric field characteristic,
Based on actual measurements, the various data are as shown in the table below.

(a) Frequency: f = 11.95 GHz (b) Main beam direction = θm = 60°, -,, = u.

(/i migrating lobe direction θg = 104'-g
−〇.

B) Gain: G = 15.3 dBi (E) Beam I-: Δθ = 3.9' (F) Tank plate --- F = 390 MHz (G) Axis ratio: AR = 0.7 dB In this case, Only the periodic length of the four strips is larger than the free space wavelength λ0, and η therefore oblique radiation ・“
A grating lobe is observed in the direction θg=104°, -g=o°7j. This grating LJ
In order to eliminate the - tag, the T/r embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is adopted. However, the configuration example ri, field 4g in FIG. 12, is used. In this case, the turtle length is Δ/111.85 mm and 11, and the dimensions of each part of the prototype pond are in the diagonal direction (tt,,=6
The dimensions are the same as in the case of u°, -〇=06).

Figure 23 shows the Z-X plane electric field characteristic, and the second
The grating lobe shown in Figure 2 f is completely erased fLf
I can see what's going on. The various data based on actual measurements are as described in F.

(a) 14 waves: f = 11.95 GHz (Main beam power: 20, = 60°, φ-=00 (c) interest e/j
: G = 16.6 dBi) Beam width: Δθ = 4.
U' (E) Band 1-2 ΔF = 380h/1klZ (E)
@ Scold: AR = 1.1 dB order πJKIE [+1% for r in case of radiation (θ,, = 90', -1; 0°)
In Equation 25, the value of b can be set to the following three types: input g/2,
The following relationship is obtained from the result of 3 people g/8 combined g/+vtll and 6 results.

Gain: Gl:r G2 > G3 Bandwidth: ΔF3 > ΔF2 > ΔFl Axis ratio: AR2 > ARt * ARs However, Gl
e G2 and G3, 'll b value or λ
g/2, 3λg/8 and λg/4. Also ΔF1. The values of ΔF2 and ΔF3rtb are so! This is the bandwidth of λg/2, 3λg/8 and λg/4. On the other hand, ARL, AR2 and AR3 have b's [Turtle ga Sonozo λg/2, 3λg/8
and the axial ratio when λg/4. Considering this, and judging comprehensively, in the case of straight-on radiation, the directness of b is 3λg7
8 KjlL has the best characteristics.

As described in detail above, 1. According to the present invention, a circularly polarized wave antenna can be mounted on a flat plate, and moreover, it is possible to construct a circularly polarized wave antenna on a flat plate, and it is also possible to construct a circularly polarized wave antenna on a flat plate.
Compared to the 20-strip riser 1 integer, a higher gain and wider bandwidth can be obtained, and not only head-on radiation but also oblique radiation can be obtained.

Furthermore, the circular-wave microstrip line antenna according to the present invention VC is a single-sided homogeneous circular-wave antenna, which can be fabricated by selective etching technology on a dielectric substrate, making it suitable for mass production and thin. It has a number of fυ points, such as being light in size and d, and has significantly reduced costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows an example of a conventional circular-wave microstrip line antenna, and Fig. 2 shows a circularly polarized microstrip line antenna, which is one of the 111 rows of the present invention, and also shows the coordinate system. Figure 13 is a plan view showing the ellipse rL of the four strips in embodiment r of Figure 2, and Figure 4 shows the four strips and the 4LA strip conductor.
A diagram showing QA, Figure 855, a diagram showing the mistrip body and coordinate system, Figure 6 is a reference diagram when adjusting the upper beam direction, Figure 7 and Figure 8 αg! ! The instantaneous current on the stritz conductor in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is shown to show how the writhing waves are generated, and FIG. Explanatory drawings, Fig. 1. M-view of an example of Noh by Mokutoaki, Fig. 11 is an explanatory drawing of how to choose dimensions for the embodiment of Fig. 1O, Fig. 12. An explanatory diagram of how to select dimensions, Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a composition example for grating lobe cancellation, @ Fig. 14 is a configuration diagram for grating lobe cancellation, Fig. 15 ~ gJI
! Fig. 120a shows a strip conductor as another embodiment of the present invention;
glIJ22 is the electric field directivity characteristic curve in the Z-X plane that was actually measured using the antenna of the embodiment shown in Figure 2, and Figure 23 shows the
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an electric field directivity characteristic curve in the z-X plane actually measured using the antenna of the example shown in the υ diagram. 4... Power purchase board, 5... 4 ground bodies, 6... Strike I
I tube 4% body, 10...Microstrip line antenna, R...Saritan Load agent Patent attorney Kei Nishi Department part Figure 6 X Figure 7 (a) (b) M Figure 8 (a) t=07L J heaven - low ↑ Fig. 17A Fig. 17B 0 14- Fig. 208 Z-X t <ya=06) z-xrn<φ=0°) Fig. 23 Z-Xil (φ=σ) Procedure Amendment February 15, 1981 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Patent Application No. 11 Case No. 11 Showa 57-21 > 040 2. Name of the invention Microstrip line antenna 3. Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Applicant address Toyonaka, Osaka Prefecture Ichishinsenri Nishimachi 2-15-3 Name = 11 Name Toshio Makimoto (and 1 other person) Ichiban 4, Agent address 1-13-38 Nishihonmachi, Nishi-ku, Osaka City Shinkomachi Building Voluntary Correction 6, Correction Claims column and Detailed Description of the Invention column 7 of the subject specification, Contents of amendment (1) The claims are as shown in the attached sheet. (2) In the first line of page 8 of the specification, the phrase ``fixed'' should be corrected to ``fixed''. (3) The 8th line of page 10 of the specification is corrected as follows. (4) Revise the first line of page 13 of the specification as follows:
do. (5) In page 10, line 8, i of the specification, the phrase "the value of" is corrected to "the value of." (6) In the 12th line of page 27 of the specification, the word "determine" is corrected to "prescribe". Claims (1) At least one periodically bent strip conductor is provided on the surface of a dielectric plate having a ground conductor uniformly provided on one surface, and a traveling wave is transmitted to the strip conductor. In a microstrip line antenna that radiates a circularly polarized beam by propagation, the strip conductor includes a straight piece and a U-shaped part with the straight piece disposed on one side; The U-shaped portion is formed by a pair of arm sides perpendicular to the front device line piece and a base parallel to the straight line piece, and the length b of each arm side is defined by the following formula. ) (m and n are integers, T is shown by the following formula.)1 -1
. 'r = -Tan (s t nθm/(1-ηc
osOm)) (0m is the main beam direction, η is the effective wavelength shortness 4
η = λg/λO (λ0 is the free space wavelength) The length C of the front 4a helmet 1n is the Queen's formula (% formula). . (2) The microstrip line antenna described in the preceding paragraph of the patent, characterized in that a plurality of sets of the strip line conductors are arranged to distribute power in parallel on the same plane. (3) - The U-shaped portion of the IJ tube conductor should be parallel to the U-shaped portion of the other strip conductor, and the U-shaped portion of one strip line conductor should be offset from the other strip line conductor. A microstrip line antenna according to claim 2 If. (4) The microstrip line antenna according to claim 1, wherein two sets of the strip line conductors are arranged point-symmetrically, and power is fed (received) from the center thereof. -5) The microstrip line antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of sets of the strip line conductors are arranged side by side in a regular arrangement on the same substrate, and one end is fed. (6) The microstrip line antenna according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sets of the strip line conductors are arranged in a triangular arrangement on the same substrate and are fed at one end. (7) The microstripline antenna according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of sets of the stripline conductors are arranged in a multiplex array on the same substrate, and are centrally fed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] jtl ik of an electric board with a ground conductor uniformly provided on one side
- A micro-strip comprising at least one periodically bent strip in the dark so as to radiate a circularly polarized beam from π to the strip conductor. In the line antenna, a strip conductor rsB wire piece and a U-shaped part placed on one side of the straight strip are sequentially connected to +12 gFf, and the U-shaped a rt nil direct line is formed. A pair of arm sides that are semi-straight, a base that is parallel to the straightness, and the shape, yL n% force + j U 6 arm length brj The following formula o < b λgrt line wave min) 2 Specified @ Indicated by the formula F on the receiver 2a of the wire piece, 2a =
((-n-In; T )λg b k/(1-ηc
osθm) (m and n frame arrangement, expressed by the following formula.)
T = -Tan' (sinθm/(1-1cos
θm)), π (θm main beam direction, ηrt effective wavelength shortening rate,
Da = λg / λ0 (λ0 is the eye-free space wave, length) The length of the base is expressed by the following formula. 121 fJ Note Patent If# characterized in that a set of strip line conductors are arranged in parallel on the same plane as a multilayer set.
, t m#IM 1st term mechanical microstrip line antenna. The U-shaped part of the strip conductor of 1,310,000 strips shall be parallel to the U-shaped part of the strip conductor, and the U-shaped part of one of the four strip lines shall be parallel to the □-shaped part of the strip conductor of 1,310,000 yen. The microstrip line antenna according to item 2, characterized in that the range of tF# is determined by Σwavelength f^. - 2 sets in 41ntl strip line conductor set 1,
A microstrip line antenna according to item 91 of the patent request for $1, characterized in that the antenna is arranged point symmetrically and receives power from its central portion. 161 Special Ii characterized in that strip line conductor sets described in Dij are arranged side by side in a regular arrangement on the same board and one end is supplied with power! P claim range Fj! My 70 stripline antenna described in U.1. +61 A set of strip line conductors with multiple meters -
The microstrip line antenna according to claim 11!1, wherein the microstrip line antenna is arranged in a triangular arrangement on a substrate and is fed at one end. +7101 The micro-stripline antenna according to item 5, characterized in that a set of stripline antennas are arranged in a multiple array on a substrate, and have a central feed and a feed.