JPS5812565A - Dc motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a motor which unnecessitates a commutator and a brush with less power consumption by disposing a rotor arranged on the outer peripheral surface with prescribed number of permanent magnets oppositely to electromagnets, arranging reed switches above and below the electromagnet and controlling the energization of the switch. CONSTITUTION:A prescribed number of permanent magnets 1a-1d are disposed on the outer peripheral surfaces so that the same poles direct toward the outside to form a rotor 1, and are disposed oppositely to the electromagnet 3. In this case, the permanent magnets 1a-1d are disposed oppositely to the end 3d of the electromagnet 3, and the rotational shaft 2 of the rotor 1 is extended along the central line of the electromagnet 3. Further, reed switches 7, 8 are disposed above and below the electromagnet 3, to detect the rotary positions of the permanent magnets 1a-1d to allow the electromagnet 3 to sequentially generate attracting or repelling force, thereby rotating the rotor 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a magnetic pole rotation type DC motor using a reed switch.

Conventionally, small DC motors used in toys etc. have a magnet as a stator and an armature as a rotor, and use a commutator and brushes, but due to their small size, repairing damage is difficult. Another problem is that the batteries are consumed rapidly, which is confusing to the children who use them.

This invention was made by focusing on the diagonal point, and solved these problems by using a rotating magnetic pole type, eliminating the commutator and plan, and using a reed switch.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

In this embodiment, a three-wheeled vehicle T is equipped with the DC electric motor #M of the present invention.

1 is the rotor of the DC motor M, lh is the rotor body, 1 a
*l b and l c e l d are the rotor body 1
A disk-shaped ferrite magnet with N8 poles on the front and back glued at equal angles to h with the outer surface as N pole, (b) rotating axis of two companies' rotation 1,
3 is an electromagnet, 3m is a winding of the electromagnet 3, 3a and 3b are terminals of the winding 3m, 3c is an iron core of the electromagnet 8, 3d/Ii is an end of the iron core 3c on the rotor 1 side, 4 is a dry battery case, 4a #d
Ten terminals added to the dry battery case.

4b is the same terminal, 4c and 4d are the connection terminals,
5 is a dry battery, 6 is a driving switch, 6u is a driving lever, 6
s is a fulcrum terminal of the operating lever 6u, 6a is a forward terminal,
6b is a reverse terminal, 6c is a stop terminal, 7 is a lower reed switch, 7a, 7b is a receiving fitting for the lower reed switch 7, 8 is an upper reed switch, 8a and 8b are receiving fittings for the upper reed switch, 9 is the body of tricycle T, 1o
is a handle; 11 is a front wheel operated by the handle 10;
12 is a freely rotatable rear wheel that is fitted and held on the rotating shaft 2;
Reference numeral 13 denotes a driving rear wheel, which is rotatably fitted and held on an axle shaft 13a protruding from the vehicle body 9 on an extension of the rotary shaft 2, and has a large gear 13b fixed to the center of its inner surface.

2h is the left bearing of the rotating shaft 2 installed on the vehicle body 9, 2m is the right bearing, 2g is the small gear fixed to the rotating shaft 2, 14
is an intermediate gear held by a bearing 14a installed in the car body 9, and is a large gear +4b and a large gear 13b that mesh with the small gear 2B.
A small gear 14s that meshes with the small gear 14s is formed.

Furthermore, the electrical wiring is connected to a conducting wire 15 as shown in FIG. That is, the conducting wire 15a is connected to the terminal 4a of the dry battery case 4.
- The fulcrum terminal 6B of the operation switch 6, the conductor +5b is the forward terminal 6a - the receiving bracket 7a of the lower reed switch 7, the conductor 1
5c is the receiving metal fitting 7b-one terminal 4b of the winding case 4, and the conductor 15e
is the reverse terminal 6b of the operation switch 6 - the receiving bracket 8a of the upper reed switch 8, and the conductor 15f is the receiving bracket 8b - winding 3m
are connected to the respective terminals 3a.

Next, the operation of this invention will be described.

First, when the three-wheeled vehicle T moves forward, when the driving lever 6u is moved from the stop terminal 6c to the forward terminal 6a, the forward circuit A
is closed, and the current flows from the dry battery 5 → the terminal 4a of the dry battery case 4 → the conductor 15a → the fulcrum terminal 68 → the operation lever 6u → the forward terminal 6
a → Conductor + 5b → Bracket 7a → Lower lead switch, chia → Bracket 7b → Conductor 15c → Terminal 8a-e 3 m → Terminal 3b → Conductor 15d → One terminal 4b → Electromagnet 3 is magnetized as it flows like a dry battery 5. The end 3d of the iron core 8c on the rotor side becomes the north pole. Therefore, the first magnet 1a of the rotor l, which faces the end 3d with its north pole, receives the repulsive force R, and at the same time, the second magnet 1
b tries to approach the end face 3d. At this time, the lower reed switch 7 is temporarily turned off due to the magnetic line of force F coming out from the rear end of the magnet 1a, so a back electromotive force is induced by self-induction, and the current flows backward, changing the end 3d to the S pole, and the second attracts magnet lb with attractive force P.

However, in front of the position where the magnet 1b faces the end 3d, the lines of magnetic force F coming out from the front act and temporarily disconnect the lower reed switch 7, so the end 3d becomes the N pole again due to the above action. , the N pole of the magnet 1b is repelled, but due to the rotational inertia C, it passes the facing position and is now repelled downward, and the magnet 1b rotates downward. third magnet 1
c. The fourth magnet 1d is also subjected to the same action and rotates in the "C" direction.

That is, the rotor 1 has magnets Ia, lb, lc,
The magnet l is given a rotational force by 1d and is a heavy object.
Since a + I b + l c and I d are on the circumference, it rotates in the forward direction like a cart. Therefore, rotating shaft 2 → small gear 28 → large gear 14b of intermediate gear → small gear 1
4s→large gear +3b of the drive wheel 13 and the rotational force is decelerated and transmitted to the drive wheel 13, causing the drive wheel 13 to rotate in the forward direction, so the idle wheel 12 freely rotates and the three-wheeled vehicle T moves forward.

In addition, if the rotation state of the rotor 1 is described in detail based on FIG. 4, (a) is the case where the operation lever 6u is at the stop terminal 6c, and the magnet 1a faces the rotor side end 3d of the iron core 8c. (b) is when the operation lever 6U is connected to the forward movement terminal 6a.
In this case, the end 3d becomes the N pole (b) When the magnet 1a of the trochanter 1 is pushed downward by the repulsive force R and a rotational inertia C is obtained, the shaft comes out from the rear of the magnet 1a. Magnetism +1! F
acts on the lower reed switch 7, and the end 3d changes to 8 poles and is about to attract the magnet Ib with the attractive force P. (2) shows that the magnet lb approaches the end 3d and lines of magnetic force F emerge from the front.
acts on the lower reed switch 7, and the end 3d changes to the N pole again, generating a repulsive force R that tries to push back the magnetic force 1b, but since the rotational inertia C is large, it tries to keep the rotor 1 rotating. At (E), the magnet tb is pushed down by the repulsive force R past the position 9 facing the end 3d.

However, when operating the operating lever 6u, the rotor 1 may stagnate in a reversed position even though it has been operated forward due to the relative position between the first magnet 1a and the end 3d, for example. The rotor 1 can be rotated forward by momentarily operating the lever to move backward to move the rotor 1 and change the position of the magnet 1a, and then immediately operating the lever forward. The same applies to the case of reversing.

In addition, if the stagnation situation of the rotor 1 is explained in detail based on FIG. When it stops slightly above, (b) shows the case where the driving lever 6u is moved to the forward movement terminal 6a, and the end 3d becomes the north pole and the magnet 1a receives the repulsive force R of the end 3d upward, that is, in the opposite direction. When the cornerstone 1a is about to be pushed toward the bottom, (c) the magnet 1a moves slightly upward, and the lines of magnetic force F coming out behind it when viewed from the direction of rotation of the cornerstone ld act on the lower reed switch 7, causing the end 3d to move toward S.
When the polarity changes, in) the magnet 1a is about to be attracted by the attractive force P of the S pole at the end 3d because the rotational inertia C is still small, and in (e) the magnet 1a is about to be attracted to the end 3d. As the magnet 1a approaches the magnet 1a, the peak portion 3d changes to the N pole and is about to be pushed back upward when viewed from the direction of rotation, that is, the magnet 1a repeats the above-mentioned reciprocating motion and becomes stagnant or remains balanced.

Therefore, at this time, if the operating lever 6u is moved to the reverse terminal 6b, the rotor l will start rotating backward without stagnation, and if the operating lever 6u is immediately moved to the forward terminal 6a, the rotation can be changed to forward rotation.

Next, in the case of reversing, when the driving lever 6u is moved to the reverse terminal 6b, the reverse circuit B is closed and the current flows from the dry battery 5 to the ten terminal 4a of the battery case 4 to the conductor 15a to the fulcrum terminal 68 to the driving lever 6.
u → Reverse terminal 6b → Conductor 15e → Receiver 8a → Upper reed switch 8 → Receiver 8b → Conductor 15f → Terminal 3a →
Since the flow flows as follows: winding 3 m → terminal 3 b → conductor +5 d - one terminal 4 b → dry battery 5, the electromagnet 3 is magnetized and the end 3 d of the iron core 3 c on the rotor side becomes the north pole. Therefore, the first magnet 1a facing the end 3d with its north pole is repelled and tries to rotate upward, that is, in the backward direction, and at the same time, the fourth magnet 1d tries to approach the end 3d from below. At this time, magnet 1a
The upper reed switch (8) is temporarily turned off due to the magnetic field line F coming out from the rear end, so the end becomes 3dViS pole due to the above-mentioned self-induction action and attracts the fourth magnet 1d.

However, when the magnet 1d rises to the position where it faces the end 1ifllad, the lines of magnetic force F coming out from the front of the - act on the upper reed switch 8, causing it to temporarily break.
Therefore, due to the above action, the end portion 3d changes to the north pole again and repels the north pole of the magnet 1d, but due to the rotational inertia C, the magnet 1d passes past the facing position, and is now repelled upward by ;d and goes around.

The third magnet 1c and the second magnet 1b are also subjected to the same action, and the rotor 1 rotates i times in reverse in the same way as in the case of forward movement, and the three-wheeled vehicle moves backward.

Because of the diagonal configuration, according to the present invention, the rotor can be rotated by alternating the magnetic poles of the core by switching on and off the reed switch. It does not require any brushes or brushes, has an extremely simple structure, has low manufacturing costs, and is free from failure. Furthermore, since there is no friction between the commutator and the brushes, power consumption is extremely low, and when dry batteries are used, their lifespan is four to five times longer than that of conventional electric motors. It should be noted that it requires a high degree of skill and precision to regularly correct the wear and tear of the commutator and brushes that often occur in conventional electric motors.However, the reed switch, which is considered a consumable part, is held in a bracket. It also has the effect that even a child can restore the old condition by simply replacing it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of a three-wheeled vehicle equipped with this invention with covers removed, Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line T in Figure 1, Figure 3 is a wiring diagram, and Figure 4 is a diagram of the rotor. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the rotor stagnation action. M: DC motor 1: Rotor l a + I b * I c , I d: Magnet 2: Rotating shaft 3: Electromagnet 3c... Iron core 3d... Rotor side end 5... Dry battery 6... Operation switch 7... ...Lower reed switch 8...
...... Upper reed switch 15 ...... Conductor C ...... Rotating inertia F ...... Magnetic field line P ......・Attractive force R・・・・・・Repulsive force

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rotor in which the required number of magnets are arranged at equal angles around the outer circumference with the same magnetic poles on the outer surface side is arranged so that the rotation axis of the rotor is on an extension line of the iron core center line of the electromagnet and perpendicular to the extension line, and the iron core A DC motor characterized by having a rotating circumferential outer surface close to the end face, and a reed switch combined with an operation switch arranged parallel to the rotating shaft at required positions above and below the core end face.