JPS58124871A - Four-way change-over valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a four-way change-over valve with a simple construction and high reliability by using a generally-used ordinary two-way solenoid valve in a valve used for reversible refrigerating cycle in an air conditioner or the like. CONSTITUTION:A two-way solenoid valve 13 controls the connection of a first fluid chamber 6 and a low pressure fluid outlet connecting pipe 12. When the valve 13 is closed, a portion of high pressure gas entering a high pressure fluid inlet connecting pipe 9 flows into a first fluid chamber 6 through a high pressure fluid conduit 21 to move pistons 3, 4 left as shown in the drawing. Also, when the two-way solenoid valve 13 is opened, a portion of the high pressure gas entering said connecting pipe 9 flows into the first fluid chamber 6. However, since the two-way solenoid valve 13 is opened, it flows to said outlet connecting pipe 12. Thus, the pistons 3, 4 are moved right to change over the valve by high pressure gas flowing into a second fluid chamber 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve used in a reversible refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner or the like.

Conventionally, a switching valve is slidably housed in a closed chamber and is provided with an inlet/outlet passage for a suppressed fluid and an inlet/outlet passage for a low-pressure fluid, and is connected to a piston mechanism. In a four-way switching valve designed to switch the switching valve, a separately connected three-way VL-valve is operated to switch the high and low pressure fluid that slides the switching valve, and the piston is connected by driving the piston. Some devices have a switching valve that slides to switch between the outlet passage for high-pressure fluid and the inlet passage for low-pressure fluid.

Most of the conventional four-way switching valves mentioned above use a special dedicated operation valve called a three-way valve. In addition, the internal structure of the valve + valve is complex and has many parts, requiring a large number of assembly man-hours.
Therefore, it has drawbacks such as high manufacturing cost, and also has drawbacks such as lack of reliability due to the large number of parts.

The invention was made in view of the above points, and provides a four-way switching valve that is simple in structure, has a small number of parts, is highly reliable, and is cost-effective without using a special three-way valve. The primary purpose is to A second object is to provide a four-way switching valve that is combined with a liquid bypass circuit to prevent overheating of the compressor due to overload conditions.

Sixthly, the present invention provides a plurality of piston mechanism means having different areas receiving fluid force for sliding the switching valve, and a first fluid pressure partitioned by the piston mechanism means. a chamber, a second fluid pressure chamber, and a third fluid pressure chamber.
a valve section formed in a sealed container, connecting the piston mechanism means and having a passage switching chamber; and a high-pressure fluid inlet passage and a low-pressure fluid outlet passage opening into a second fluid pressure chamber; a switching passage, a two-way valve connecting the first fluid pressure chamber and the low pressure fluid outlet passage via the fluid passage, a passage communicating with the third fluid pressure chamber to the low pressure fluid outlet side, and the first fluid pressure The valve body has a total of 9 integrated structures, including a cylindrical pressure fluid introduction passage that opens into the chamber, a liner installed inside the valve section, and a means for preventing rotation of the valve section, improving reliability and reducing costs. It is characterized by measuring.

Conventionally, the present invention prepares a three-way valve separately and connects it to the four-way switching valve to selectively supply high and low pressure gas to the heads of the two pistons, but the four-way switching valve of the present invention is not a three-way valve. Since it uses an ordinary three-way solenoid valve, which is extremely versatile, piping connections between the four-way switching valve body and the three-way valve are easy. In addition, two large and small pistons with different pressure receiving areas on the piston head/
Because of this combination, a large load is applied by supplying high-pressure waste to a large piston, resulting in smooth operation. Furthermore, if the liner for switching the passage is made of a resin material, the frictional resistance will be small even after many sliding movements are repeated, so that the passage can be switched smoothly.

Since the liner has more elasticity than a metal liner or the like, it is pressed against the inner wall of the valve body by a pressure difference, so airtightness is sufficient.

In addition, by using liquid refrigerant as the still-pressure fluid supplied to the large piston, the liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the fluid pressure chamber of I@1 is guided to the low-pressure fluid outlet passage through the two-way valve and into the compressor. The superheated gas can be mixed with the inhaled low-pressure gas to cool the superheated gas and prevent overheated operation.

It is preferable to use the four-way switching valve so that the two-way valve is opened and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows to the low-pressure side when a heating operation cycle in which overheating is relatively frequent occurs. Conversely, by closing the two-way valve during heating operation and opening it during cooling operation, overheating during cooling operation can be prevented.

The weight and non-invention will be explained in detail with reference to an example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

1 is a body, the piston with a smaller outer diameter is fitted into the body 1, and consists of a part 1a with a larger outer diameter and a body part 1b with a larger outer diameter, and one end is formed by a cover part integrally formed with the body part 1a. The other end is hermetically closed by an end cover 2. The body 1 is also a pressure vessel that can withstand pressure sufficiently. 3 is a piston with a large outer diameter, and 4 is a piston with a small outer diameter, which have different areas that receive high-pressure fluid force.

The two large and small pistons are connected by a bracket 5. The piston 4 with a small outer diameter is slidably inserted into the body portion 1a with a small outer diameter, and the piston 3 with a large outer diameter is slidably inserted into the pp4 portion 1b with a large outer diameter. There are n. The above-mentioned large and small pistons are inserted into the body 1 to form a first fluid pressure chamber 6 and a second fluid pressure chamber 6.
An L body pressure chamber 7 and a third fluid pressure chamber 8 are formed. 9
is a high-pressure fluid inlet connection 'g, which is connected to the high-pressure piping on the discharge side of the compressor of the 1V refrigeration cycle. 10 is a switching passage connecting pipe connected to a condenser of the refrigeration cycle. 11 is another switching passage connection pipe connected to the evaporator. 12
is the low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe, which is connected to the low pressure piping of the compressor. 13 is a three-way solenoid valve, and one fluid passage is connected to piping 1.
4 to a low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12. Another fluid passage is connected to the first fluid pressure chamber 6 by a pipe 15. 16 is a liner, and a passage 17 is connected to both the switching passage 11 and the low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12 at the same time.
have. The material is preferably a resin material with low resistance. The liner 16 is in close contact with the inner wall 1C of the body 1, and its upper surface is held and sheltered by the switching valve 18. Reference numeral 19 is a cylindrical body that is fixed to the inner wall of the high-pressure fluid artificial connection pipe 9 with a rotation stopper, and the ground surface +9a is in contact with the upper surface of the switching valve 18.

Further, the switching valve 18 is connected to the piston 3.4,
move with the piston. 20 is a pipe that communicates the third fluid pressure chamber with the low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12. Reference numeral 21 denotes a high-pressure fluid introduction pipe that opens into the fluid pressure chamber 6 of IT, and the other end is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet connection f9. +ga
, tab are passages provided in the switching valve 18. Reference numeral 22 denotes a pressure equalizing hole that passes through the switching valve 18 and reaches the upper surface of the runner 16, and is configured to vent gas trapped between the switching valve 18 and the runner 160. Reference numeral 23 is a bottle that locks the rotation of the cylindrical body, and the high pressure fluid supply passage 24 is connected to the bottle 23.
It is formed integrally with the In other words, the rotation stopper 19 itself is formed as a spring body having a notch 25. The dashed line in FIG. 4 represents the inserted state.

Next, its effect will be described.

The high-pressure gas compressed by the compressor passes through high-pressure piping and is transferred from the high-pressure fluid connection pipe 9 to the second fluid pressure chamber 7 of the four-way switching valve.
flow inside. The three-way solenoid valve is controlled by another instruction (not shown); when energized, the valve opens and when not energized, it remains closed. The high pressure gas flowing into the second fluid pressure chamber 7 presses against the rear side of the piston 3.4. On the other hand, the three-way solenoid valve 13 is closed, and the 5g3 fluid pressure chamber 8
is connected to the low pressure side in the low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 11 through the distribution f20, so the first
The high-pressure gas that has flowed into the fluid pressure chamber 6 presses the head of the piston 3, causing the piston 4 and the piston 3 to move to the left in the figure. and the passage 17 of the liner 16 connects to the low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12.
and the switching passage 11 are communicated with each other. Then, the high-pressure gas in the second fluid pressure chamber 7 flows through the switching passage 1υ, flows into the condenser circle, exchanges heat with, for example, air, and is condensed and liquefied. Next, the condensed liquid is depressurized and expanded by an expansion valve through piping, and then flows into the evaporator to cool, for example, indoor air. The low-pressure refrigerant scum that has completed its heat exchange action flows into the four-way switching valve from the switching passage 11 through the piping, is switched to the low-pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12 from the passage 17, flows out, and is returned to the -C compressor through the piping. . When the switching valve 18 slides, it is prevented from moving by the -9 stop 19, and only the inner valve 16 contacts the inner part *tc of the body 1 and the second fluid pressure chamber 7. A stripe is created while blocking the passage 17.

Next, when the electromagnetic valve 13 is energized, the passages of the pipes 14 and 15 are brought into communication as shown in FIG. The high-pressure waste flows into the first fluid pressure chamber 6 from the high-pressure fluid introduction pipe 21, passes through the pipe 15, the two-way valve 13, and the pipe 14, and escapes to the low-pressure side of the low-pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 12. The pressures in the first fluid pressure chamber 6 and the third fluid pressure chamber 8 become equal to the low pressure side pressure. Then, due to the difference in the piston diameter, a difference occurs in the force pushing the piston due to the back pressure V, and the piston/mechanism as a whole moves to the right in the figure. As the piston mechanism moves, the switching valve 18 also moves, so that the passage 17 of the liner 16 switches the connecting passage and communicates the low pressure fluid outlet 12 with the switching passage 10. Then, the high-pressure waste is transferred to the second fluid pressure chamber 1.
The low pressure gas flows from the switching passage 10 to the switching passage 11 through the passage 18b, and flows towards the evaporator.
Return to the compressor from 2.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the refrigeration cycle system in which the four-way switching valve of the present invention is used as an overheating prevention device for the refrigeration cycle. This shows a four-way switching valve combined with a compressor overheat prevention device that prevents the compressor from overheating by returning it to the suction pipe and vaporizing it.

100 is a compressor, which is connected to piping 10 via a four-way switching valve 101.
2.103 to the condenser 1t) 4, and further connected to the evaporator 108 by a pipe 107 through a parallel circuit of 10 check valves and a capillary pump 106 during heating. 10j is a cabillary rear loop for cooling operation, 110
is a check valve. Then, the compressor 100 is connected to the compressor 100 via the piping 111 via the four-way switching valve 101 and through the piping 112.
It is connected to the. During the cooling operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid line arrow. During the heating operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the dotted red stamp, forming a refrigeration cycle.

113 is a two-way valve, and the passage at one end is arranged by f114.
112, and the passage at the other end is connected to the fluid pressure chamber 6 of the four-way valve 5g1 through a pipe 115. Reference numeral 116 designates a high-pressure fluid introduction pipe, one end of which is connected to the first fluid pressure chamber of the four-way switching valve 14i1μ, and the other end connected to the pipe 107. This is a pipe through which high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows even during heating operation.

Therefore, when operating with the two-way valve 113 closed, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the first fluid pressure chamber 6 of the four-way switching valve and becomes a force that presses the piston 3, causing the two-way valve to open. During operation, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes from the pipe 116 to the i@1 fluid pressure chamber 6 of the four-way switching valve 101.
It flows through the distribution pipe 115, the two-way valve 113, and the pipe 114, and flows into the low-pressure pipe 112, which is the suction side pipe of the compressor 100, while being vaporized. At this time, if the main refrigerant gas returning to the compressor 100 is slightly overheated, it is cooled by the refrigerant flowing in from the pipe 114, so the main refrigerant is cooled down to n pressure - Iso 10.
0 overheating can be prevented.

Using the six methods described above is most effective during heating operations that involve relatively many overheating operations. However, it goes without saying that it may also be used during cooling operation.

Since the present invention has an upper ml po@ structure, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable four-way switching valve with a simple structure using a general-purpose ordinary three-way solenoid valve.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the four-way switching valve of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram of another operating state, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 8-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is -
The plan view of the stopper, FIG. 0, is a cycle diagram of another embodiment. 1...Body 2...End cover 3...Piston with large outer diameter 4...Piston 6 with small outer diameter
...First fluid pressure chamber 7...Second fluid pressure chamber 8...Third fluid pressure chamber 9...High pressure fluid artificial connection pipe 10...Switching passage connection pipe 11... Switching passage connection pipe 12...Low pressure fluid outlet connection pipe 13
Hole 24...High pressure fluid supply 107, 114
. 115.116...Piping 113...To Mikamasa's representative Patent attorney Usui 1) Tori #”:'+Rekibetsu l

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A switching valve is slidably housed in a sealed chamber and is provided with an inlet/outlet passage for high-pressure fluid and an inlet/outlet passage for low-pressure fluid, and is connected to a piston mechanism by the switching valve. and a four-way switching valve for switching the inlet passage of low-pressure fluid, including a plurality of piston mechanism means having different areas receiving fluid force for sliding the switching valve, and a first fluid pressure chamber defined by the piston mechanism means. a second fluid pressure chamber, a third fluid pressure chamber, a valve portion connecting the piston mechanism means and having a passage switching chamber, a high pressure fluid introduction passage opening into the first fluid pressure chamber, and the second fluid pressure chamber. two switching passages that open to the fluid pressure chamber of the first fluid pressure chamber, a low pressure fluid outlet mAyu that is connected to one of the mosquito cutting passages by switching, and a low pressure fluid outlet mAyu that is connected to the first fluid pressure chamber and the low pressure fluid outlet passage by the fluid passage. Two-way valve, fluid pressure chamber of dX3 and low pressure fluid outlet 11
1; a high-pressure fluid inlet passage opening to the second fluid pressure chamber; a liner disposed inside the valve portion; and means for preventing rotation of the valve portion. Four-way switching valve. 2. A piston mechanism means having a large area receiving high-pressure fluid force is housed so as to partition the first and second fluid pressure chambers,
Claim 1, wherein the second and third fluid pressure chambers are partitioned by piston mechanism means having a smaller area than the piston mechanism means for receiving low-pressure fluid force, and both piston mechanisms are connected. Four-way switching as described. 3. The liner is made of a resin material and has a passage connecting two low-pressure fluid inlets and outlets, and maintains airtightness when pressed against the inner wall of the switching valve and the inner wall surface of the second fluid pressure chamber due to a pressure difference. The four-way switching valve described in item 1. 4. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the two-way valve is a '-magnetic valve. 5. Claim 1, wherein the other end of the high-pressure fluid introduction passage that opens into the first fluid pressure chamber is connected to the high-pressure gas passage.
Four-way switching valve as described in section. -6. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the other layer of the high-pressure fluid introduction passage that opens into the first fluid pressure chamber is connected to the high-pressure liquid passage. 7. The four-way switching valve according to claim m1, wherein the switching valve has a pressure equalizing hole reaching the top of the housing. 8. The rotation prevention means of the switching valve is a cylindrical body having a notch, the tip of the cylindrical body abuts the upper surface of the valve part, and the other end is inserted into the high-pressure fluid artificial passage. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, comprising a member that locks the insertion portion.