JPS58124533A - Endothermic reaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance working efficiency, by a method wherein a reactor is divided into plural blocks and each block is formed from an integrated structure consisting a reaction tube, a stock gas introducing manifold, a reaction product gas discharge manifold, a stock gas inlet manifold and a product gas outlet manifold. CONSTITUTION:Plural reaction tubes 21 are parallelly arranged in a reaction vessel 2. Each reaction tube 21 has a multilayered ring like cross section and a first combustion gas passage 11 is formed to the innermost side thereof, the first partitioned chamber 20a of a reaction chamber 20 to the outside thereof, a regeneration chamber 40 to the outside of said partitioned chamber 20a and the second partitioned chamber 20b of the reaction chamber 20 to the outermost side thereof. To the outside of each reaction tube 21, a second combustion gas passage 12 is formed. Each reaction tubes 21 are arranged in five rows toward a traverse direction and the reaction tube 21a of the first row and the reaction tube of the second row form the first block 23 of the reaction tubes and, by the reaction tube 21d of the fourth row and the reaction tube 21e of the fifth row. the second block 24 of the reaction tubes is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in an endothermic reactor for obtaining reaction product gas t- from a feed gas by an endothermic reaction.

Endothermic reactors are well known in the art for converting hydrocarbon JI feed gas into industrially useful gases such as hydrogen gas using catalysts that promote endothermic reactions. For example, the most common technology for producing hydrogen gas from feedstock gas is to place a cylindrical or annular reaction chamber filled with a catalyst in a combustion furnace, through which the feedstock gas containing hydrocarbons is passed. By letting the steam re-form.

As this type of conventional technology, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-78983,
No. 53-78992, No. 53-79766, No. 53
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART The steam reforming apparatus described in various publications, such as No.-79768, is known.

These devices are installed in one of each reaction tube placed in the heating furnace.
A 11K% fractured reaction chamber is provided and an annular regeneration 1 is provided inside this reaction chamber for transferring heat to said reaction chamber.
tit is provided, and a bone reaction chamber III! The lower half of the combustion chamber is provided as an empty space, and a combustion gas exhaust passage is provided.
This is a technique in which this discharge passage is configured to lead out combustion gas in a flow opposite to the flow of raw material gas in the reaction chamber in contact with the outside II of the reaction chamber.

However, it has been found that such prior art has problems that need to be solved. That is, in the above-mentioned reaction apparatus, the conduction line between each reaction tube and the manifold for introducing raw material gas and the conduction line W between each reaction tube and the manifold for deriving the reaction product gas are formed by a thin tube, Each reaction tube and the manifold are connected to each other at K11l so that gas can be communicated with them. The number of welds depends largely on the number of reaction tubes, but for example, if there are 37 reaction tubes, 4.8
In the case of a reformer for MW, there are over 100 welding points, and it is structurally impossible to perform the above welding outside the reaction tube before it is assembled into the reaction vessel. The reality is that the welding work is carried out inside the container, which is built into the container and suspended, which makes the container narrower.This not only makes it difficult to work, but also requires adequate welding finishing and inspection. This method has the drawbacks of being difficult to carry out and lacking in reliability.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate the conventional process of self-welding the reaction vessel after assembling the reaction tube. In addition to improving work efficiency, the welding work itself is easy because the welding work is done outside the reaction vessel.The welding finish is also good, and inspection is possible, resulting in high reliability. Our objective is to provide an endothermic reaction device that boasts

Another object of the present invention is to provide 1! when a request for repair or inspection occurs! The block to which the parts to be repaired and inspected belong can be assembled by performing the opposite operation to that used when assembling the block.
An object of the present invention is to provide an endothermic reaction device that allows KID to be easily taken out of the reaction vessel.

The object of the present invention is to provide raw material gas Gl on one end side.

It has an inlet and an outlet for the reaction product gas G2 on the other end side, while leading out the reaction 112G filled with the catalyst 145 used for the endothermic reaction and the reaction product gas G2 generated in the skeleton reaction chamber 20. In an endothermic reaction device 1 having a combustion chamber 10 and regeneration 1!40 for transmitting the sensible heat to the reaction 0, the cough reaction device 1 includes a reaction vessel 2 in which a plurality of reaction tubes 21 are arranged in parallel. In this way, each of the reaction tubes 2 has the regeneration chamber 40 and the reaction chamber 2, and the reaction tube 21 is divided into two or more blocks, and each block is divided into % raw material gas introduction blocks. Manifold 2
5.26 and reaction product gas outlet manifold 28.2
9 conducts to 9, both manifolds 25.2 @, 28
．． 21 each have a raw material gas nozzle 3 inserted into a hole 27.30 drilled in the reaction vessel and a reaction product gas output O.
The reaction tube 21 is connected to each of the nozzles 4 and
This is achieved by the endothermic reaction apparatus 1 characterized in that both manifolds 25, 26, 28, 29 and both nozzles 3.4 are integrally formed for each block of the reaction tube 21.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each reaction tube is welded and fixed to each block and each manifold, and each reaction tube 01 is fixed by supporting the bottom of each manifold.
At times, it is to make them support themselves.

Embodiments of Ill of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings FIGS. 1 to 4eA.

The reaction @i11 illustrated in FIG. 1 is for producing hydrogen by steam reforming using acclimated hydrogen. A plurality of reaction tubes 21 are arranged in parallel inside the reaction vessel 2 having a heat insulating layer 6 inside.A preferable example of how to arrange the reaction tubes 21 is shown in FIG. It has a loam-like cross section, with the first
The combustion gas passage 11t-, and the first of the IK reaction chamber 20
The regeneration chamber 40 is formed outside of the branch chamber 20a, and the second molecule 1i20b of the reaction chamber 2Q is formed outside of it. A second combustion gas passage 12 is formed outside each reaction tube 21 @IIC. Note that each of the reaction tubes 21i! Although it has a multi-layer annular cross section, specifically a four-layer annular cross section, this is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and the structure of the reaction tube itself is the gist of the present invention. By the way, it is not particularly limited to this. For example, a so-called double-tube structure in which the annular cross section of each reaction tube has two layers (patent application filed on January 7, 1981) B)
1 Title of the invention; Endothermic reaction device, see. ) etc. The reaction chamber 20 is filled with a steam reforming catalyst 45, and the upper part of the reaction chamber 20, which is supported on a catalyst support member 46 installed at the center of the reaction chamber 20, is connected to the regeneration chamber 40. For communication, it is sealed by a 1,000-cylindrical cap 22 arranged in an annular manner. The cap 22 is covered with a heat insulating material such as ceramic. Each reaction tube 21 is integrally formed with the lower structure of the reaction vessel 2 according to the present invention, and is connected to a raw material gas inlet nozzle 3 so that the raw material gas G can be introduced through the lower IIS structure. It is electrically connected to the produced gas output O nozzle 4 so that the reaction produced gas G2 can be led out.

The reaction tubes 21 are arranged in five horizontal rows, as illustrated in FIG.
, the second row of reaction tubes 21b, and the third row of reaction tubes 21c.
The reaction tubes 21d in the fourth row and the reaction tubes 21e in the fifth row form a second reaction tube block 24t. At the bottom of each reaction tube 21, in a direction perpendicular to the reaction tube 21 installed in the container 2,
In addition, a first manifold for introducing JII gas is arranged parallel to the arrangement of the reactions 1, and is connected to each reaction tube 21.

That is, the first manifold 25m is located below the first row of reaction tubes 21m, the first manifold 25m is located below the second row of reaction tubes 21b, and the first manifold 25b is located below the second row of reaction tubes 21b. At the bottom of the reaction tube 21c, there is a tmE first manifold 2.
At the bottom of the reaction t21d in the fourth column, Se is added to the first
A manifold 25d is located at the bottom of the fifth row of reaction tubes.
The first manifolds 25e are arranged in parallel. The 1st-r = hold 25m, 25b, 25c are:
Each of the second manifolds 26 and 1111 for introducing raw material gas is connected to the second manifold 26, the 1111 manifolds 25d and 25. 27g, 27b [Inserted source gas inlet nozzle 3m, 3biC conductive. Note that one cough nozzle of 3m and 3bt can be used as needed.

The lower IS of the reaction tube 21 is also the 1i for deriving the reaction product gas.
R1 manifold 28 is parallel to the arrangement of reaction tubes 21,
They are arranged in parallel so that generated gas G2 can be conducted therethrough. That is,
17th second hold 25a, 25b, 25 for introducing raw material gas
The first manifold 28a is parallel to and close to e, 25d, and 25s.

28b, 28c, 28d, and 211e are arranged in parallel.

Said first manifold 28&s 28 b e 2
11c are connected to the second manifold 29jL for deriving the reaction product gas, and are connected to the first manifold 28d,
28e are electrically connected to the second manifold 29b, respectively, and the iron second manifold 2! Im, 251b are electrically connected to reaction product gas output D nozzles 4a, 4b inserted into holes 30m, 30b provided in reaction volume iS2, respectively. Note that, if necessary, the number of shell nozzles 41, 4 bt-1 can also be used.

The reaction tubes 21a, 21b, 21c, the first manifolds 25&, 25b, 25c for introducing the raw material gas, the second manifold 26a, the IIA raw gas nozzle 31, and the first manifold 2B'*28b-211 for introducing the reaction product gas.
Same as e, second manifold 29m and generated gas output O nozzle 4
& has an integral structure, and the reaction tubes 21d, 21
e and the first manifold 25d, 25el for introducing raw material gas.
and the same second manifold 26b and raw material gas nozzle 3b
and a first manifold 28d for deriving reaction product gas.

2$e, the II2 manifold 29b, and the produced gas output O nozzle 4b form an integral structure.

The installation of the reaction tube 21, which is integral with the reaction snow substructure, is as follows:
First, remove the upper s11 body I of the container@2 in advance, and in the state of the upper 1 ino, insert the reaction tube 2 forming the integral structure.
1. After fixing the other block components, fix them in the manifold 25.21 on the support stand S fixed in advance in the container 62, and drill holes 27m and 27b.
, 30m.

Nozzles 3m and 3b respectively correspond to 30b.

After inserting 4 m and 4 bt, this is done by fixing the nozzle to the container 2. At that time, nozzle 3 & * 3 b
*4&, it is necessary to seal the patch formed between 4b and the layer of container 2. The reaction tube is fixed by the above installation: the reaction tube 21 and the wL1 manifold)'25.2
This is based on the fact that the nozzle 3.1 and the nozzle 3.1: ti block are configured to form an integral structure, and if the manifold 11 is fixedly installed, each reaction tube is independently fixed. It's not necessary.

In the first embodiment having the above configuration, the raw material gas inlet nozzle 3, 3b, and the raw material gas Glu containing hydrocarbons and steam introduced into the reactor 1, the raw material gas introduction amount @2 manifold 26 m , 26b, respectively, and from the second manifold 28m to the 17th second hold 25
m, 25b, 25e, and the first manifold 25
1 to 91100 in the reaction chamber 20 in each reaction 171a, each reaction tube 2Ib in the second row from the manifold 25b
From #1 manifold 25C to reaction 1120 inside!
! It is sent to the reaction chamber 20 in each reaction tube 21e in the third row.

Raw material gas Gx#i sent to the second manifold 26b,
from the first manifold 25d to the reaction chamber 20 in the fourth row of reaction tubes 21d, and from the first manifold 25e to the fifth row of reaction tubes 21+e. It is sent to the reaction chamber 20 inside.

The raw material gas G is composed of a reaction chamber 20#i, a first subchamber 20m, and a second subchamber 20b, and is sent to each subchamber.

is turned into a hydrogen-containing product gas G2 by the action of the catalyst 45, which enters the upper S space of the reaction chamber 20 from the reaction chamber 200 outlet O and passes through the regeneration chamber 40 to the reaction product gas G2 for deriving the reaction product gas.
The reaction tubes 21& are sent to manifold 2, that is, the first to fifth rows of reaction tubes 21&.

21b, 21c, 21d, and 21e from the respective regeneration chambers 40 provided in the first manifolds 281-211b.
, 21c*28ds28''.The generated gases sent to I11 manifolds 28&, 28b, 2@eK are respectively sent to the second manifold 29m for deriving the reaction product gas, and the reaction product gas outlet nozzle 4a.
, it comes out of the device 1, and the first manifold 2
The produced gases sent to 8d and 21 are sent to the second manifold 29bK, respectively, and are discharged to the outside of the apparatus 1 from the output O nozzle 4b.

In this embodiment, the combustion chamber 10 having the burner 9 is arranged in a space above the reaction tube 21. However, the combustion chamber 1 (1) is not limited to being located above the reaction tube 21, but can of course be located below the reaction tube 21.

Combustion gas gx generated in the combustion chamber 10 in this example
is discharged from the combustion gas outlet nozzle 5 to the outside of the device 1 through the first combustion gas passage 11 and the second combustion gas passage 12 . The first and second combustion gas passages 11 and 12 are each divided vertically, and each lower section has a 1 m section 1.
3 is filled with a backing material 14 for improving heat transfer coefficient, and is supported on a support member 15 installed at the bottom of the passage. In this embodiment, this backing material 14 is made of alumina balls. be. The backing material 14 filled in the first combustion gas passage 11 will now be described with reference to the drawings shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 as a second embodiment of the present invention.

This example shows the endothermic reaction value fjjtK-) when the monolithic reaction tube block is further divided into Km.
! 511. Parts with the same reference numerals as those shown in Figs. 1 to 4 are shown in Figs. 1 to 4 above.
It shows the same parts as the nine parts mentioned in the figure legend, and Figure 6 1c! ? 3 a * 3 b, 3 e,
3d, 3. are O nozzles containing M gas, 4m, 4b
, 4e, 4d, and 4e are reaction product gas output O nozzles, each of which is provided in the number of blocks for the reaction tube 21.

In this embodiment, the first row of reaction tubes 21m, the raw material waste introduction manifold 25a, and the raw material gas artificial nozzle 3 are
a, the reaction product gas derivation manifold 211m, and the production and gas outlet nozzles 4a form an integral structure, and similarly in each of the second to fifth rows, the reaction tubes 21b,
21c, 21d, 21e and raw material gas introduction manifolds 25b, 2Sc.

25d, 25e and source gas inlet nozzles 3b, 3c, 3d
, 3. and 1, reaction product gas derivation manifold 28b,
28c, 2@d, 28e and generated gas outlet nozzles 4b, 4
e, 4d, and 4. each have an integral structure.

The manifold seats 58-25es28a-2ae are
It is located at the lower part of the reaction tube 21 installed upright in the container 2, and is provided in a direction Km perpendicular thereto. In addition, the artificial nozzle 3
a to 3e and outlet O nozzles 4a to 4 are each connected to the container 2.
It is located under NK.

The operations of the present invention, such as the gas generation process and the flow of combustion gas, in this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and will therefore be omitted. However, the first embodiment differs in that the manifold is divided into the first and Ul/82 manifolds, and the raw material gas G and the produced gas G2 pass through the second manifold. If there is only one manifold, the number of inlet O and outlet nozzles will increase, and if there are first and second manifolds, the number of inlet and outlet nozzles will only decrease. It goes without saying that this can also be implemented.

Further, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings shown in Figure %m7 and Figure 8.

This example is an actual 7111 embodiment that is approximately the same as the endothermic reaction apparatus shown in the second example of the # arrangement, and in FIGS. 7 and 8, the same reference numerals as shown in FIGS. Components with reference numerals indicate the same components as those described in the explanation of FIGS. 1 to 6 above.

This example has almost the same configuration as Example 112, but the raw material gas inlet nozzles are 3m, 3b*3c.
+ 3 d * 3 e and generated gas output O nozzle A/ 4
m.

The free positions of 4b, 4e, 4d, and 4e are different.

That is, the above-mentioned entry O nozzle A-3 & e 3 b e 3
e, 3d* 3 e and exit O nozzle y4m, 4bs4c
s4dm4e is provided with the lower IBK of container 2.

- Rod structure mt - Unlike the first embodiment of the present invention, the method of installing the reaction tube is that it is inserted from the lower casing 1' side of the container 2, which is formed to be openable and closable.

In addition, in each figure, 50 shows 7 lunges, and 51 shows a stopper.

The present invention has been described above based on three typical embodiments of the present invention. According to the present invention, a reaction tube is divided into blocks, and each block has a reaction tube, a raw material gas introduction amount manifold, and a reaction product. The gas derivation manifold, raw material gas inlet nozzle, and produced gas output nozzle are integrated into an integrated structure, which allows them to be formed outside the reaction vessel and then assembled into the vessel. In addition to improving work efficiency through contact work, the welding work to form the monolithic reaction tube is also done outside the vessel, so not only is the work itself easy, but the finishing process is also easy. This makes it possible to provide an endothermic reaction device that has good durability and is therefore highly reliable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a first embodiment of an endothermic reaction apparatus according to the present invention. Figure 2 is 14 in Figure 1 above.
FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the II section of the reaction tube same as above. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the mV-mV line of FIG. 1 same as above. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the device showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the lower part of the same device. 7 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the device showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the lower part of the same device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Reactor, 2... Reaction container, 3... Raw material gas artificial nozzle, 4-... Reaction product gas output O nozzle, 5...
・・Combustion gas output nozzle, @-・insulation layer, 7.7'・
...1 body, 8...support stand, S...burner, 10...
... Combustion chamber, 11... First combustion gas passage, 12...
Second combustion gas passage, 13...lower section jlB, 14.
...Backing material, 15...Supporting member, 1g-...
Partition member, 20--Reaction chamber, ÷20 m---First compartment, 20b...Second compartment, 21--Reaction tube, 2
1m...Reaction tubes in the first row, 21b--Reaction tubes in the second row, 21C...j [Reaction tubes in the third row, 21d...
- 4th - 1st reaction tube, 21 e - 5th row reaction tube, 22... Now Yup, 23... Reaction tube $11 block, 24... Anti-G'tlfM 2 block , 25
-...First manifold for introducing raw material gas, 26...27th second hold for introducing raw material gas, 21... Hole, 28...
...First manifold for deriving reaction product gas, 21--Second manifold for deriving reaction product gas, 30-... Hole, 4
0...Regeneration chamber, 45...@Medium, 4@-...Catalyst support member, 50...Flange portion, 51...Stopper %G1・
... Raw material gas, G2... Reaction product gas, gl--combustion gas.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A reaction chamber having an inlet O for a KIl family gas at one end and an outlet O for a reaction product gas at the other end, and filled with a melting medium used for an endothermic reaction, and a reaction produced in the reaction chamber. An endothermic reaction device having a combustion chamber and a regeneration chamber that transfers the sensible heat to the reaction chamber while deriving generated gas, the reaction device having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel in the reaction vessel. Each of the reaction tubes has the regeneration chamber and the branching reaction chamber, and the reaction tube has more than one block KfJ, and each block and K. The manifold is connected to a raw material gas introduction manifold and a reaction product gas output manifold, and each of these manifolds has a raw material gas artificial nozzle and a reaction product gas outlet O nozzle that are bored in the reaction vessel and inserted into round holes. The reaction tube, both mandrels and both nozzles are connected to each other,
An endothermic reaction device characterized in that the reaction tube block and the block are integrally formed. (2) Each reaction tube is welded and fixed to each manifold in each block, and by supporting the bottom of each manifold, each reaction tube is simultaneously supported independently. The endothermic reaction device described in Section 1.