JPS5811827B2 - livestock poultry feed - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to feed for livestock and poultry, and more specifically, the present invention relates to feed for livestock and poultry, and more specifically, the present invention relates to feed for livestock and poultry. Concerning feed for livestock and poultry that contains total solids precipitated or dissolved in the solution from which bacterial cells and other solids have been removed from the sterilization solution, or the solution from which the target amino acid has been separated from the dialysis residual solution. It is.

Conventionally, methods for producing a target amino acid from an amino acid fermentation solution include adjusting the pH of the fermentation solution to around the isoelectric point of the target amino acid, concentrating if necessary, separating the target amino acid, and purifying it; Previously, the fermentation liquid was treated with an ion exchange resin and then the target amino acid was separated.

In the former case, most of the target amino acids are crystallized and lost from the fermentation liquid, and in the latter case, the ion exchange resin in the fermentation liquid is obtained. A waste liquid containing non-adsorbed components and a mother liquor obtained by crystallizing and separating most of the target amino acids from the adsorbed components are obtained as waste liquids.

As an example of turning fermentation waste liquid from which the target amino acid has been recovered by such a method into feed, for example, in glutamic acid fermentation, the glutamic acid fermentation liquid is concentrated, the pH is adjusted to 3.2, and the residual liquid after crystallizing and separating glutamic acid is used as feed. Scales are known to be used as additives.

This residual liquid is an example of the former waste liquid mentioned above, but a large amount of inorganic salts from the fermentation medium remain, and the acid-alkali used for crystallization and neutralization is also added, resulting in inorganic salts. It contains a large amount of.

For this reason, although this type of waste liquid has good feed effects and palatability for livestock and poultry, it has not been put to practical use because it sometimes even causes diarrhea.

For example, in the case of glutamic acid fermentation, the waste liquid from the ion-exchange resin process contains many inorganic salts, while the waste mother liquor from the crystallization process contains proteins, other nitrogen-containing compounds, and sugars, which are the active ingredients of the feed. Since most of it is removed in the ion exchange resin process, it has little effect on feed.

Even if the two are combined, a large amount of acid and alkali used in the ion exchange resin process is added, making it unsuitable as feed.

For this reason, fermentation waste liquid is rarely converted into animal feed, and is mainly used for low value-added applications such as fertilizers.

Unlike the waste liquid of conventional methods of amino acid fermentation, the present inventors have developed a dialysis residual liquid obtained by electrodialyzing the fermentation liquid of amino acid fermentation or its sterilized liquid using an ion exchange membrane, and from it, The present invention was completed by discovering that a liquid containing amino acids crystallized and separated is extremely suitable as a feed additive.

The waste liquid from these electrodialysis processes differs from the waste liquid from conventional amino acid fermentation in that: (1) it contains almost no inorganic salts and contains proteins,
Almost all nitrogenous substances and sugars remain, and (2
) It contains a moderate amount of neutral amino acids, and (3) there is less denaturation of proteins because there are fewer processing steps such as heating and concentrating the fermentation liquid, which are thought to have led to such good results. It will be done.

This dialysis waste liquid has a unique aroma unlike conventional waste liquid (4), which is thought to make it more palatable to livestock and poultry.

(5) The fact that the dialysis chamber fluid, ie, fermentation fluid, etc., is concentrated during electrodialysis also makes the present invention advantageous in terms of cost.

The electrodialysis chamber used for the fermentation solution for amino acid fermentation or its bacterial cell removal solution applied to the present invention is a conventional electrodialysis chamber equipped with an anion exchange membrane on the anode side and a cation exchange membrane on the cathode side.

This is an arrangement that removes anions and cations from the dialysate, and electrodialysis is performed according to a conventional method for removing these.

In other words, an ordinary electrodialysis device for ion exchange membranes can be used, and the dialysis method leaves neutral amino acids,
This is carried out according to a known method for transferring acidic amino acids and basic amino acids to the outside of the dialysis room.

The fermentation liquid of amino acid fermentation or its sterilization liquid is used as the raw material to be dialyzed.

The amino acid fermentation liquid is a fermentation liquid containing four protein-constituting amino acids, such as L-alanine, L-valine, and L-valine.
Neutral amino acids such as inleucine, L-threonine, L-phenylalanine, L-glutamine, L-histidine,
This fermentation liquid contains acidic amino acids such as L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid and basic amino acids such as L-lysine, L-arginine and L-ornithine.

To adjust the dialysis conditions to leave neutral amino acids,
L-histidine, which has a weakly basic imidazole nucleus, is classified as a basic amino acid because the purpose is to make the dialysis residual solution near neutrality so that it can be used as a feed material without increasing inorganic salts. , that is, the conditions for transmitting p
Electrodialysis may be performed by adjusting H.

In general, the method of crystallizing amino acids from dialysis residual liquid has low purity of each amino acid, so the crystal growth is not very good, and there are problems in terms of crystallization rate and solid-liquid separation. Acidic amino acids, such as L
-glutamic acid, and basic amino acids such as L-lysine.

If the fermented liquid is to be sterilized in advance, sterilization may be carried out by known means such as centrifugation or straining.

It goes without saying that such an amino acid fermentation liquid and a sterilizing liquid may be subjected to treatments such as heating and concentration in advance, if necessary, before being dialyzed.

The residual dialysis solution is used as feed after the target amino acid is crystallized and separated if necessary.

In the case of neutral amino acids, most of them remain in the dialysis residual solution, so the target amino acid is usually separated.

As for the separation method, the dialysis residue may be directly concentrated and crystallized, cooled and crystallized, or concentrated and then cooled and crystallized.

If the content of L-methionine, L-tryptophan, etc. is high, they are themselves used as feed additives, so the fermented liquid of these can also be used as feed additives during crystallization.

In the case of acidic amino acids and basic amino acids, if the dialysis rate is sufficient, crystallization and recovery from the dialysis residue is generally not necessary.

L-histidine, L-arginine, L-glutamic acid, and L-aspartic acid have low solubility and are not used alone as feed additives, so if the dialysis rate is insufficient, they may be added to the dialysis residual fluid if necessary. It is more advantageous to perform crystallization recovery.

In this case, the pH of the dialysis residual solution and the neutralization of the crystallization residual mother solution are usually carried out using an acid-alkali solution. Since a portion of the inorganic salts are removed by dialysis, the amount of acid-alkali is greatly reduced compared to the conventional method in which the fermentation solution itself is adjusted, and most of the inorganic salts have already been removed by dialysis. The amount of inorganic salts in the waste mother liquor is much smaller than that in the waste mother liquor directly crystallized from the fermentation liquor.

The types of other feed materials to be used in combination with the dialysis residue or crystallization residue mother liquor thus obtained are not particularly limited.

That is, known feed ingredients alone such as corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, bran, fish meal, fish meal, starch meal, molasses, beet pulp, alfalfa meal, grass, hay, etc., or mixed with various liquid or solid compound feed ingredients. or can be used as a substitute for some of its components.

The form for mixing may be the dialysis residue or crystallization residue mother liquor as it is, or it may be concentrated or dried to solidify it.

Although drying may be carried out alone, it can be easily dried if it is mixed and adsorbed with bagasse, wrinkles, beet pulp, screening pellets (separated wheat pellets), corn cobs, etc.

The solid components in the dialysis residual solution and crystallization mother liquor of the present invention include cattle, horses,
It is useful as a feed additive for all livestock such as sheep, pigs, and chickens, as well as for poultry, but its effects are particularly remarkable for cattle and pigs.

Next, as an example of the present invention, the results of a palatability test and a rearing test using the dialyzed residue concentrate obtained in Example 1 shown on page 11 are shown below.

Weaned piglet palatability test Test animals: 6 piglets (3 male and 3 female each) aged 38 days Test feed: Commercially available weaned piglet feed (Aminopic NB pellets C)
,P, 19,5. T, D, N, 77) were crushed with a 1.5 mm sheep into mash as the basic feed, and the basic feed alone and any of molasses, waste mother liquor, or dialysis residue concentrate were added as solid content to the basic feed. A total of four types of feed were used, including those with % added.

After concentrating the glutamic acid fermentation liquid, the pH was adjusted to 3.2 and L-glutamic acid was crystallized and separated. The piglets were set up and given their respective feeds, and the piglets were allowed to eat freely.

The test period was 12 days, during which feeders were added every 3 days. I changed it.

In addition, before the start of the test, basic feed was fed.

Test results: From the above results, it was confirmed that the preference of piglets to the dialysis residue concentrate of the present invention is extremely good.0 Weaned piglet feeding test Animals = 12 piglets, male and female, aged 40 to 50 days , variety,
The animals were divided into groups of six so that the litter size, average body weight, and standard deviation were as equal as possible.

Test feed: The basic feed for the palatability test and the feed supplemented with dialysis residue concentrate were used.

Test method: One group was fed a basic feed, and the other group was fed a basic feed mixed with dialysis residue concentrate for 12 days, and the animals were given free access to drinking water.

Test results: Examples of the present invention will be shown below.

Example 1 L-glutamic acid fermentation was performed using Cane molasses as a raw material to obtain an L-glutamic acid fermentation liquid.

Table 3 shows the components in this fermented liquid.

Table 3 Composition of L-glutamic acid fermentation liquid After removing fermentation bacteria from this fermentation liquid 61 using a centrifuge, 2
Concentrate twice as much as Asahi Glass's cation exchange membrane Selemion CM.
L-glutamic acid was dialyzed using an electrodialysis tank Du-Ob type (manufactured by Asahi Glass ■) equipped with V and anion exchange membrane Selemion AMV (both trade names) until the dialysis rate of L-glutamic acid reached 85%. , dialysate 1.31. 1.21 ml of dialysis residual liquid was obtained.

Note that the dialysis was performed by maintaining the liquid temperature at 55° C. using IOV constant voltage.

(Toi et al. patent, glutamic acid concentration method, JP-A-5L-7
0723) The dialysis residue thus obtained was concentrated under reduced pressure until it became sufficiently viscous to obtain 300 ml of dialysis residue concentrate having the composition shown in Table 4.

In addition, when the permeability in electrodialysis is low, it is also possible to recover L-glutamic acid from the dialysis residual solution by isoelectric precipitation method, ion exchange resin method, etc.

Example 2 L-lysine fermentation was performed using beet molasses as a raw material to produce L-lysine.
Ugin fermented liquid was obtained.

The main components in this fermented liquid 11 are shown in Table 5.

This fermented liquid 61 was concentrated after removing bacterial cells in the same manner as in Example 1, and the lysine dialysis rate was 80% using the same electrodialyzer as in Example 1.
% of lysine was reached.

Dialysis conditions were the same as in Example 1. After completion of the dialysis, 1.21 g of the dialysis residue obtained was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 200 - of the dialysis residue concentrate as shown in Table 6.

In addition, when the dialysis rate of L-lysine in electrodialysis is low, it is also possible to recover L-lysine from the dialysis residual liquid by an ion exchange resin method or the like.

Example i The same L-glutamic acid fermentation solution as in Example 1 was centrifuged to remove fermentation bacteria, and then hydrochloric acid was added dropwise while stirring to lower the pH of the solution to 3.2 and crystallize L-glutamic acid. It crystallized.

After leaving it for a day and a night with continuous stirring, the L-
The glutamic acid crystals were separated to obtain an L-glutamic acid mother liquor as shown in Table 7.

After concentrating this L-glutamic acid mother liquor 61 to 2 times, adjusting the pH to 5.0 with caustic soda, using the electrodialysis apparatus described in Example 1, L-glutamic acid was Dialysis was performed.

Dialysis conditions were the same as in Example 1. After the completion of dialysis, the dialysis residue was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 300 dialysis residue concentrate similar to Example 1.
I got -.

50 parts by weight of crushed bagasse was mixed with 50 parts by weight of the same dialysate residue concentrate as shown in Table 2 above and dried to obtain a solid feed material having the composition shown in Table 8 below.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dialysis chamber equipped with an anion exchange membrane on the anode side and a cation exchange membrane on the cathode side, containing the fermentation solution of amino acid fermentation, its sterilization solution or crystallization mother liquor, and performing electrodialysis. A feed for livestock and poultry, which contains the solid components in the residual fluid of a dialysis room obtained by dialysis, or the total solid components in the crosspiece fluid from which the target amino acid is separated from the residual fluid.