JPS58110463A - Composite concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to pot metal concrete that combines the flexibility of a viscoelastic body and the rigidity of cement. Conventionally, this type of composite has been used for pavement mediation such as road paving and yard paving, and straight asphalt has been used as the viscoelastic material and is called a semi-rigid pavement. Now, talking about this semi-rigid pavement, its construction method is to first heat aggregate with a particle size such that the porosity is ~180'C in terms of volume ratio, and then Separately heat the asphalt at 145°C to 16G'CK,
A predetermined amount of filler at room temperature is stirred and mixed in a mixer of an asphalt plant to produce open-grained ascon. This -grained ascon material is laid down to a predetermined thickness on the waste site and rolled to form a semi-rigid pavement base. Next, cement paste or cement paste containing fly ash is injected into the void from the surface of this single-grain ascon. At this time, additives such as synthetic rubber latex are generally mixed into the paste for the purpose of improving penetration performance or increasing adhesion. In this pouring process, while applying vibration using a vibrating roller or the like, the voids are brightened with cement paste, and a semi-rigid pavement is constructed through surface shaping and curing. According to this construction method, the state of the voids in the open-grained ascon and the fluidity of the cement paste must be strictly controlled depending on the penetration depth. In addition, the upper limit of the porosity of open-grained ascon concrete is about 1% considering workability, and even if you try to increase the bearing strength by increasing the amount of cement paste by giving a larger porosity than this, the
It is extremely difficult to ensure the flatness of lo.
Even if the penetration depth is increased without degrading the quality of the cement paste, the thickness of the final layer must be 7 to 8 cIL or 2 degrees, and since the cement paste itself has poor slip resistance, fine aggregate is used to improve the slip resistance. Attempts to modify the paste often cause problems such as poor permeability, and if a layer of paste remains on the surface, cracks are likely to occur. However, this semi-rigid pavement has superior oil resistance, abrasion resistance, and flow resistance compared to Ascon pavement, and also eliminates the need for expansion joints and contraction joints required for cement concrete pavement. It also closely follows the amount of honey. In addition, there are many advantages in terms of resources, such as the ability to use domestically produced cement and reducing the use of bituminous materials, which are dependent on imports. The present invention addresses these circumstances and compensates for the drawbacks of semi-rigid pavements using granular ascon. The purpose is to make full use of its advantages and obtain an improved composite concrete. For this purpose, the present invention provides a composite concrete structure in which aggregate having a viscoelastic coating is mixed with a cement mixture that has not hardened yet, and this is laid or poured and compacted to form a composite concrete. To explain the materials used in the present invention, the viscoelastic body is made of bitumen, a petroleum resin binder, a synthetic resin, and a synthetic rubber alone or in combination, or a filler is added. The purpose of this is to absorb or diffuse the volume of the St cement mixture that expands and contracts in response to temperature changes into this viscoelastic body.It can be used by heating, used at room temperature, or colored. The selection can be made taking into consideration the conditions of use. Crushed stone is an example of aggregate with a viscoelastic coating. Gravel, sand, natural lightweight aggregates such as pumice or artificial aggregates are often used for road paving with the purpose of wear resistance, and lightweight aggregates with less mass are used when trying to reduce the weight of building walls etc. Aggregates can be selected. If it is cutting waste material or crushed waste material of a bituminous mixture pavement in 1F#, it can be easily used because it is an aggregate that already has a bituminous coating as a viscoelastic body coating. Cement paste, cement paste containing fly ash, or cement concrete is used as a cementing material, but the porosity and pore shape that it constitutes vary depending on the particle size and usage ratio of aggregate with a viscoelastic coating. Since the material varies, a paste-like material can be used in the case of small voids, a mortar-like material can be used in the case of medium-sized voids, and a concrete-like material can be used in the case of large voids. Incidentally, rubber latex can also be used to provide this mixture with fluidity and adhesion properties. In addition, steel fibers and glass fibers can be used to increase the toughness of composite concrete, and synthetic resin fibers such as polyethylene and polybupylene can be used to restrain cracks and absorb *m. It is also easily possible to obtain colorful composite concrete by adding various color pigments. Next, as a method for forming a viscoelastic coating on KFR aggregate,
There are two methods: one in which the viscoelastic body is heated and one in which it is used at room temperature. As a heating type, either blue asphalt or petroleum resin binding agent is used. In this case, the aggregate and the above-mentioned sizing agent are heated separately to about 150°C, and appropriate amounts are put into a mixer to mix and mix. When sufficient mixing is achieved, drain and bathe with cooling water. At this time, steam is generated, but both the aggregate and the binder are rapidly cooled and they adhere well, forming a film of asphalt or petroleum resin on the outer surface of the original aggregate, and the binder hardens. As a result, there is no binding force between each other, and each grain is separated. In addition, for the room temperature type, an aggregate having a viscoelastic coating can be manufactured using a synthetic resin such as a solvent-based acrylic resin or synthetic rubber. By mixing the filler into the heating type and room temperature type mixed wire first, the filler bitumen or filler binder increases the film thickness and does not separate into grains and form nodules. The coated aggregate thus formed has no cohesive force among itself, and is in a state where it is likely to mix with the cement mixture that has not set yet. Various modifications can be made to the method for producing aggregates having a viscoelastic coating, and the method is not limited to the above method. The heated type comes with a heating device, so if you don't have a heating device, you can use the room temperature type. Store the wood away from direct sunlight if possible.
Mix the required amount with cement or cement mixture. Mixing can be done by using an ordinary cement mixer (the mixing ratio of coated aggregate and unhardened cement paste/cement mortar or cement concrete should be mixed; in principle, the mixing ratio should be adjusted according to the purpose of the concrete). It is possible to obtain composite concrete with strength and flexibility, and the mixture of coated aggregate and unhardened cement mixture can be laid to the required thickness. This method of leveling and compaction can be done using conventional mechanical equipment. There is nothing to be done.It was confirmed that the completed composite concrete exhibits the same or even better effect than the semi-rigid pavement constructed using the conventional method. In order to allow the cement paste to penetrate as far as possible to the bottom layer of single-grain ascon, a relatively thin layer (
3 to 6 scratches) and pour cement paste from the surface. It was necessary to fill the voids (by applying vibrations, etc.), and to repeat the process described above to increase the required thickness. However, even without such construction, cement In order for the paste to fill all the voids, it is necessary to strictly fill the open ascon with particle size tubes, keep the heating temperature within the specified range, ensure uniform paving, and pay sufficient attention to the fluidity control of the paste. If one of these is insufficient,

[Also, a semi-rigid pavement with cavities is formed, which develops into emulsification and peeling of the asphalt due to groundwater, etc. Alternatively, since it must be formed in layers in order to achieve the desired thickness, it is expected that its strength will be lower than that of a single plate. The present invention not only does not have the construction disadvantages and post-construction disadvantages of conventional semi-rigid pavements, but also has a wide range of pavements that are more flexible than concrete structures,
The present invention provides a completely new composite concrete that can be said to be a third type of structure that is more rigid than asphalt structures. This is based on the results of the following examples and comparative examples. Below, composite concrete according to the present invention is used as Example-1, conventional semi-rigid pavement is used as Comparative Example-1, and comparative example-
As part 2, we will provide an overview of the tests on the Ascon. 1. Test contents Marshall stability test (Asphalt pavement requirements Appendix 4-
9 Published on August 5, 1972) 2. Materials Used 2-1 Of the viscoelastic materials, blue straight asphalt with a penetration rate of 60-80 is used in both Examples and Comparative Examples. 2-2 Crushed hard sandstone is commonly used as coarse aggregate. 2-3 Kinu Yodo's fine aggregate is commonly used. 2-4 Portland cement is commonly used as cement. 2-5 As an additive for cement 8. B, R latex is used. 3. Manufacture of coated aggregate For coated aggregate, use an asphalt mixer. Mix heated aggregate (170°C to 180°C) and heated asphalt (145°C to 1600°C) at 1.5% by weight based on the aggregate, mix well, and then soak in water. After coating the aggregate with an asphalt film, the mold temperature is 20°C + 1°c im Φ ± 5% constant temperature φ constant temperature part! It was stored in 4. Formulation 4-1 Table IK shows the formulation of Example-1. 5. Kneading, preparation method of specimen and curing 5-1. Example-1 consists of coated aggregate and cement), water, fine IT material,
Rubber latex was simultaneously added to a mortar electric mixer and kneaded for about 1 minute, then put into a mold and compacted, and cured in water (20°C, 3°C) until age 7 days. ! $-2, Comparative Example-1 is an asphalt paving indispensable for the above-mentioned asphalt pavement using open-grain suppressing Ascon based on the formulation shown in Table-2! -Press into a Marshall test mold according to the Char stability test method, and after the ax = y has decreased to room temperature, paste of the composition shown in Table 1-3 is injected from the surface, and the mixture is vibrated using a table vibrator until it becomes insufficient. The paste is replenished and prepared, and the material is cured in water until the age of 7 days. The light filling amount of the paste is 5% KMIl in terms of volume ratio. 5-3. In Comparative Example 2, a specimen was prepared in the usual manner and cured in air. 6. Test results 6-1. Table 5k shows the Marshall stability test results. 6-2 Organizing Results 6-2-1 Comparative Example-1 and Comparative Example-2 have almost the same flow value, but the stability of Comparative Example-1 is approximately 60% higher. 6-2-2 Regarding Example 103, as the amount of mortar increases, the flow value and stability also increase. 6-2-3 There is a significant difference in flow value between Example-1 and Comparative Example-1. 7. Consideration 7-21 The paste amount of 5% in Comparative Example-1 is the same as the mortar amount of 35% in Example-1. It is thought that this has the effect of increasing rigidity, that is, the aggregate has changed from surface contact to point contact. However, the breaking strength of cement concrete is 280? /-, you can see how great the flexibility is. 7-2 In Example-1, as in Comparative Example-1, an open grain-containing ascon was laid, and after compaction, cement paste was applied to the empty W.
/ Since it is not an IK pouring construction method, it can be immediately constructed to any thickness without forming a desired layer, resulting in extremely high construction efficiency. When using a semi-rigid material at an early stage, construction can be completed in a short period of time because there is no need to wait for the temperature of the atomizer to drop. 7-3 In Example-1, since the amount of the unhardened cement mixture can be freely adjusted, a composite concrete that meets the purpose fK can be easily obtained. ? Since cement mortar can be used for -4 mN-1 and mento concrete can be used for -4, the risk of shrinkage cracks caused by paste can be used, and when used for pavement, it is possible to increase the puncture resistance of running vehicles. Although this test gave an overview of the pot metal concrete according to the present invention, the destructive test of composite concrete will be explained in more detail. Therefore, in the case of using the coated aggregate of the construction method according to the present invention as Example-2, the amount of mortar mixed was reduced to 80%.
, 60%, 50%, 40%. In addition, as coated aggregate, cutting waste generated from Ascon pavement repair work was used, with 50% mortar mixed in, and organic film aggregate and steel fiber were used, with 60% mortar mixed in. Mortar 10 as 6 types and Comparative Example-3
A destructive test was conducted for 0%. 1. Test contents Compression test JI8A-1108 and bending test JI8A-1
106. 2. Materials Used 2-1 For the same materials as in Example-1, equivalent materials were used. 2-2 The particle size of cutting waste and amount of asphalt are as shown in Table-6. 2-3 Steel fiber is used as fiber, shape is 0.5XQ,
5X Trout Specific Gravity 8.0 3, The composition of burrowed aggregate is as shown in Table-7. 4. Preparation of specimen First, coated aggregate is manufactured, and the specimen for compression test is /1
A cylinder-frame body with a height of 0 fi and a height of 2 o is used. 40al of water is added as a cement mixture that has not yet hardened.
A formwork body was used. Test specimens using cutting waste also have a water-cement ratio! A test piece was prepared in the same manner with sO% and mortar mixed in at 50%. When mixing steel fibers, the amount of mortar mixed in 1 mortar is 60%, weigh it so that the volume ratio is 1.5% with respect to the total volume of the specimen, and add it to the mixed object while kneading it with one hand. was prepared in the same manner. In addition, will the curing method cause relapse? Example 1 was followed. 5. Test items and methods 5-1 Test items and measuring equipment are shown in Table 80, &9. Test method it JIU1108, JI8A
1106. Table 9 shows the amount of distortion from the test results and measured values. ＼之5-2 The following general trends can be pointed out from the results of the examinations of the Hyouryo-Pakryo-Konichi. 5-2-1 Compressive strength ν (In other words, it correlates well with the amount of mortar mixed in regardless of whether steel fibers are mixed in or cutting waste. In other words, the smaller the amount of mortar mixed in, the smaller the compressive strength. 5-2-2 The bending strength is about 40% higher when using copper fibers than when using organic membrane aggregate with the same amount of mortar (70.6 + 50.3 - 1.4), and when using cutting waste, This is 60% of the same amount of mortar using organic membrane aggregate (31.7 +49.9-0.6
'). When using organic membrane aggregate, the amount of mortar does not matter. 5-2-3 The bending strain is significantly higher when steel fibers are mixed, and the value is 10% larger when cutting waste is used than when the same amount of mortar is used (62
6÷574-1.1"). When the amount of mortar is changed using coated aggregate, there is a good correlation in inverse proportion. As the amount of mortar decreases, the bending strain increases. 5-2-4 Bending strain is 365 with mortar content of 8c%.
It can be seen that 6 x 10.60% is 470 x 3 G-•, which is a very large value when compared with 100 x 101 for normal cement concrete. 6. Consideration 6-1-1 Cement: If we consider the concrete plate in the form of linear expansion, it is expressed as ex-Cw・α・0. el: Distortion of @ Cw: Warpage restraint coefficient・l. α: Expansion coefficient of concrete (0C)・10×101. #: Temperature difference of concrete: 30°C. Q1= I X30X)OX)0-"-300X]0-
6-1-2 The drying shrinkage of concrete is generally 20
It is reasonable to consider it as 0 x 10'. ↓ (Explanation of Concrete Standard Manual/Japan Society of Civil Engineers) 6-1-3
The initial curing shrinkage strain is 100 x 30' @ degrees, but in the case of this composite concrete, the aggregate gap is 10'
Then, the viscoelastic body is pulled by the length of IP k
Become. This viscoelastic material exhibits liquid-like physical properties at such contraction speeds. Filler bitumen (mixture of filler and asphalt) corresponds well. 6-1-4 Concrete version is 61-300 X10
”, so the allowable strain of concrete is 0 to 200
×10-”.For this reason, contraction joints and expansion joints are required for cement concrete slabs, and even in cement concrete pavement requirement 1, the standard value for the horizontal expansion joint spacing is the construction period from April to November. 80 if
~240m, and 40~80m from December to March
m, and the horizontal contraction joint spacings are also shown as standards of 7.5 m, 8 m, and 10 W&. However, the strain amount of composite concrete according to the present invention is 360
Since it is more than X 104, if this is applied to a structure constructed with conventional concrete, joints will not be necessary. 6-2-1 If the composite concrete according to the present invention is used for pavement, not only will the joint construction cost, which accounts for about δ% of the cost in concrete pavement work, be eliminated, but also the inflow of rainwater from the joint will be reduced. This eliminates the occurrence of roadbed erosion and level differences, ensuring the safety of traveling vehicles, and eliminating the discomfort caused to drivers by bumps. 6-2-2 Cast-in-place concrete in construction work
) Therefore, when creating a wall, cracks are likely to occur in the window frame. This is thought to be caused by drying shrinkage and expansion/shrinkage due to temperature changes. That is, 6-1-
As explained in Section 4, the amount of strain in concrete is only 150 to 200 x 10-' (150 to 200 This is why it occurs. If composite concrete made by the device@ is used in such places, cracks will not occur on the wall surface. Although the properties of single layer IAK composite concrete have been described through the above tests, a wheel tracking test was carried out as a necessary test when used as a paving material.
I went as 3. 1. Test contents Wheel tracking test (asphalt pavement required IPl)
4-12) 2. Materials Used Same materials as those in Examples 1 and 2 were used. 3. Test Load Comparative Example-4 was tested using a dense-grained ascon, but a ground pressure of 6.4 mm/- was adopted for single-layer paper use. In Example 3, 11.5 ml/If was adopted assuming the most severe conditions, which are before and after a toll collection station on a toll road. 4. Test results The test results are shown in Table-10. 5. Discussion Looking at the dynamic stability, in Comparative Example-4, it was 6.4ml/do.
Does this mean that it takes 600 times for one sinking when earth pressure is applied?
If you add , it becomes impossible to measure. However, in Example-3, even if the ground pressure L]] was increased by 5r#/mW and tested, the dynamic stability force was still s3*oo times/■. It's obvious. Furthermore, since this is a case where the amount of mortar is 5%, it is clear that the use of the composite concrete according to the present invention as a countermeasure against rutting on asphalt-paved roads produces good results. The explanation above has been made using asphalt and stone powder as the viscoelastic coating of the composite concrete according to the present invention, but as a viscoelastic body, only asphalt is used. Alternatively, a mixture of a plurality of warm bodies or a filler can be used as long as the viscoelastic body has stress relaxation ability. Moreover, crushed stone, gravel, sand, pumice, various artificial aggregates, slag, cutting waste, or crushed waste can be used as the organic membrane aggregate. Although this has been demonstrated in the Examples, the scope of its use is not limited to the Examples only. Coloring with color pigments, which we do every day as a cement worker, can also be used to great advantage. The composite concrete according to the present invention can be used not only for the road construction and construction work described above, but also for swimming pools. Can be used for retaining walls, freeing from defects caused by joint structure,
This provides a completely new structure that has both flexibility and rigidity. Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) 1985/2711 1\\To the Palace of the Chief Adjudicator of the Japan Patent Office (To the Chief Adjudicator of the Japan Patent Office) (1,\To the Chief Adjudicator of the Japan Patent Office) l Indication of the case
Patent Application No. 56-213772 2 Name of the invention Composite concrete 3 Relationship to the supplementary IE case Applicant address Name Taisei Road Co., Ltd. (Subject) 4 Agent 5 Showa year Month/Date 6 Subject of amendment (1) Details Column 7 of the Detailed Description of the Invention of the Book, Contents of Amendment (1) On page 4, line 14 of the bibliography, "flatness" is corrected to "flatness." (21, page 9, line 9, ``Uruuba'' is corrected to ``use it''. (31, page 9, line 9 is corrected to ``use it''. 12 members 17th line [Temperature 60JVr Humidity 60J
(51, p. 17, lines 8-10) ``However...
...I can do it. ” to be deleted. -1 Same page δ, line 8 “ε chant-〇#・α@0” t “ε1-
α・aJK Correct. ff) Opening 6th line 11th line ``C-: Warp...''
” to be deleted. (81 line 25115 jl X30J t' r3
Correct to 0J. (Correct "ground pressure of 3" in line 30115 of 91 to "same ground pressure as 3".

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (11) Pot metal concrete made by kneading aggregate having a viscoelastic coating and a cement mixture that has not hardened yet, laying or pouring, and compacting. (2) The viscoelastic The pot metal concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a single substance or a mixture of two or more of the following: (1) blue, 9 petroleum resin, 1) synthetic resin, and 1) synthetic rubber. The composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is a mixture of a filler and a single substance or a mixture of a plurality of the following: Il blue, petroleum resin binder, synthetic resin, and synthetic rubber. (4) The pot metal according to claim K1, wherein the aggregate is one or a mixture of crushed stone, limestone, sand, natural lightweight aggregate, and artificial aggregate. Concrete. K1 The composite concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that the aggregate having the viscoelastic film is (1) cutting waste material or crushed waste material of a green mixture pavement. The composite concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement mixture is a mixture of cement and water, or a mixture of cement and a solidifying agent such as a fly ash and water. (7) The cement that has not yet hardened. As a mixture. The composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein the cement paste and the cement mortar ML< are cement concrete. (8) As the cement mixture that has not yet hardened. Cement paste, cement mortar, or cement. 1. The composite concrete according to claim 1, wherein the IF# image is obtained by kneading concrete with a single substance or a mixture of rubber, fibers, and coloring pigments.