JPS5810142B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention includes a rotary body that is pivotally supported inside a living surface, a rotary cylinder with a bottom provided in the center of the rotary body, and a raw material discharge gap provided on the side surface of the cylinder. A crusher is provided with a striker on the rotating body at a position that hits the raw material being discharged through a raw material discharge space without a guide outside the gap, and the position of the gap in the rotational direction is adjustable. This invention aims to efficiently crush raw materials with small particle sizes.

There are two types of crushers that crush solid materials by colliding them with a striking plate or hammer or other striking element that rotates at high speed: one with a horizontal axis of rotation of the striking element and the other with a vertical axis of rotation. In this case, as the particle size of the raw material to be supplied becomes smaller, it becomes difficult to crush it.

In order to achieve effective crushing, attempts are usually made to increase the rotational speed in order to increase the force generated during collision.
When the particle size becomes smaller, not only does the crushing force due to collision become smaller due to the decrease in mass, but also the air is violently agitated by the high-speed rotating striker and the member that holds the striker. This reduces the speed difference between the striker and the striker, reducing the crushing force caused by the collision.

In extreme cases, the ball may escape to the side without colliding with the striker.

Therefore, increasing the rotation speed cannot produce sufficient effects.

However, despite the drawbacks mentioned above, this type of crusher has a simpler structure, is smaller in comparison to its capacity, and requires less installation space than other types of crushers such as rod mills and miller mills. It is widely used because it requires less.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned defects, and an embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.
A rotating shaft 2 is supported at the center of the rotating shaft 2, and a disk-shaped rotating body 3 having the same rotational axis a as that of the rotating shaft 2 is provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 2.

A rotary cylinder 4 with a bottom that shares the axis a is provided in the center of the rotating body 3, and a raw material discharge gap 5 is provided on the side surface of the cylinder 4, and a gap 5 that is outside the gap 5 and is the same as the axis a is provided. On the opposite side in the rotational direction from the radius C passing through the raw material discharge guide surface 51 of 5 (see FIG. 6), the hammer 7 is moved by a pin 8 to a position where it hits the raw material being discharged through the raw material discharge space 6. It is rotatably provided on the rotating body 3, and the striking surface 71 formed on the striking element 7 is tilted forward by 30 degrees to 60 degrees from the radial direction of the axis a by centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity of the striking element 7, thereby tilting the striking surface 71 forward at a certain angle θ'. to hold.

The center of gravity position can also be adjusted by providing an additional weight 26 that is detachable.

As shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13, the bottomed rotating cylinder 4 has a fitting protrusion 9 on its lower surface with a gap q therebetween, and has a concentric circle centered on the axis a of the disc-shaped rotating cylinder. The protrusion 9 is fitted into the groove 10, and a screw hole 1L with unequal gaps is bored in the groove 10.
(Figure 5) Screw the screw 14 into either one of 12 or 13.
By fitting the heads of the screws 14 (FIG. 5) into the interval portions 9' (provided at irregular intervals) of the protrusions 9°9, the raw material discharge guide surface 51 of the raw material discharge gap 5 is closed. The position of the same surface 5' relative to the striker 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the position in the rotational direction.

The angle θ at which the discharged material hits the striking surface 7' of the striking element 7 is an acute angle slightly outward from 90 degrees with respect to the striking surface 7f.
A temperature of 85 degrees to 85 degrees is appropriate.

Further, the striking elements 7 are provided at regular intervals on the outer periphery of the disk-shaped rotating body 3 as shown in FIG. An auxiliary striker 1 having a striking surface 15' tilted backward in the same direction as the radial direction or in the same direction of rotation.
5 is pivotally supported on the rotary body 3 by a pin 8', and a stopper 16 is formed on the rotary body 3 at the rotational direction of the striking surface 15'.

The raw material discharge space 6 means that there is no guide for guiding the discharged raw material between the raw material discharge guide surface 5' and the striking surface 71 in the gap 5, as shown in FIG. This is the space in which the ball is freely released by centrifugal force, flies through the air along the release line d shown in FIG. 6, and hits the striking surface 71.

In the figure, 17 indicates a supplementary screen provided on the crosspiece surface 1 on the outer periphery of the rotating body 3, 18 indicates a discharge air suction guiding duct, 1
9 is a raw material input port, 20 is a raw material hopper, 21 is a prime mover,
22 is a pulley provided on the output shaft of the prime mover 21, 23 is a pulley provided on the rotating shaft 2, 24 is a drive adjustment belt wound around the pulley 22, 23, and 25 in FIG. Notch part 2 provided in the boss part of the additional weight 26, which is a notch part provided in the boss part
6' is fitted so that the striking element 7 and the additional weight 26 move together.

Further, 27 is a fixing device for fixing the disc-shaped rotating body 3 and the rotating shaft 2.

Therefore, the prime mover 21 is started, and the rotary body 3 is rotated at high speed in the direction indicated by the arrow, and raw material with a relatively small particle size, that is, raw material with a diameter smaller than about 40 mm, is supplied from the hopper 20 to the bottomed rotary cylinder 4 through the input port 19. Then, the raw material comes into contact with the bottom surface of the cylinder 4, and due to the contact, a rotational force about the axis a is applied, and the raw material is freely discharged from the raw material discharge guide surface 51 in the side gap 5 by centrifugal force into the space 6 where there is no guide. It flies and hits the striking surface 7' along the release line d while maintaining the striking angle θ, and is crushed.

The striking surface 7' is located on the outside of the gap 5, and the circumferential velocity of the striking surface 71 around the axis a is higher than that of the discharge guide surface 51. The fast striking surface 7' will collide.

The trajectory of the raw material discharged from the guide surface 51 is the rotating body 3.
It is constant regardless of the rotation speed of the rotary cylinder 4, and is approximately tangential to the bottomed rotary cylinder 4 from the position off the guide surface 5' (Fig. 7 d'), and the material on this trajectory d' has a circumferential speed. Fast hitting surface 7'
collide.

By slightly changing and adjusting the position of the side gap 5 of the rotating cylinder 4, that is, the position of the raw material discharge guide surface 5', the position where the raw material hits the striking surface 71 can be adjusted, and if the raw material hits close to the boss, the crushed raw material will It rolls to the tip of the striking surface 7' and is ejected from that tip toward the supplementary screen 17.

Since the circumferential speed of the part near the boss is lower than that of the tip, the crushing force is small, and rolling has the effect of making the shape of the particles closer to a spherical shape.

On the other hand, if the particle hits near the tip, the crushing force is large, but the effect of making the particles spherical cannot be expected.

Therefore, the impact position can be selected depending on whether the crushing force is the main factor or the shape is taken into account.

If the angle θ at which the ejected raw material hits the striking surface 7' is slightly outwardly acute, the angle θ in the range of 60 to 85 degrees is 2.5 mm better than when the angle θ is 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. Experiments have shown that the ratio of these particles is small and the reference particle size is small, so that crushing is more effective.

Also, a notch 3 is formed on the outer periphery of the disc-shaped rotating body 3, and a notch 3 is formed below the above-mentioned position of the striking element 7 (a position removed) in the radial direction of the rotating body 3 or from the same radial direction with respect to the rotational direction thereof. With respect to the backward-inclined striking surface 15', the amount of raw material discharged from the raw material discharge guide surface 5' is large, and the buffered non-crushed raw material hits the striking surface 7' in a layered manner through the space 6 and is moved by gravity. It descends and collides with the striking surface 7' of the auxiliary striking element 15 and is crushed.

Of course, the striking angle θ between the striking surface 7' of the striking element 7 and the raw material is maintained by the centrifugal force exerted by the center of gravity of the striking element 7.

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, firstly, there is less risk that the raw material having a relatively small particle size will be affected by air or mutual interference due to rotation, and it can be delivered to the striking surface 7' in an orderly manner regardless of the rotation speed of the rotating body 3. By powerfully colliding, the crushing or crushing efficiency of fine particles can be significantly improved, and the yield of fine particles can be improved.

Second, the rotational position of the raw material discharge guide surface 5' in the side gap 5 of the bottomed cylinder 4 can be adjusted, and the raw material can be applied to the outer end of the striking surface 7' based on the particle size of the target crushing. The raw material discharged from the bottomed cylinder 4 can be crushed depending on the amount of raw material supplied, such as making it thinner by applying it to the inner end or considering the shape of the particle. When the width of the trajectory differs and the trajectory of the outer edge portion deviates from the outer end of the striking surface 7', the outer edge of the trajectory is regulated according to the amount of supply by adjusting the bottomed cylinder 4, and the outer edge of the trajectory is reliably struck on the striking surface 7'.
′ can be applied to the raw material.

This can be adjusted in response to the wear of the raw material discharge guide surface 5' in the gap 5.

Thirdly, since the striking element 7 is supported by the pin 8 and the striking surface 7' is held by the centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity, it is extremely easy to hold the striking surface 7', and the center of gravity prevents the striking surface 7' from retreating due to wear. Since it moves backward, the striking surface 7' is automatically advanced by half the amount of wear, and the position of the striking surface 7' can be easily maintained by attaching and detaching the auxiliary weight 26. Since the striker 7 is made rotatable, there is no fear that the striker 7 will be destroyed by unbreakable foreign matter, resulting in high safety.

Fourthly, the auxiliary striker 15 can capture and crush uncrushed raw materials, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of raw materials that are supplied in large amounts.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side view showing the crusher of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the crusher, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the inside of the machine, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the rotating body, and Fig. 5. is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 4, FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams of raw material discharge states, respectively, FIG. 8 is an experimental result diagram, and FIG. 9 is an exploded plan view of the rotating body.
Fig. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 9, Fig. 11 is an exploded side view of the bottomed rotating cylinder, and Fig. 12 is Fig. 11 C-C.
13 is a bottom view of FIG. 11, 1st
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the rotating body, Fig. 15 is a plan view of the striker, Fig. 16 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 11, and Fig. 17
The figures are a vertical sectional view of the other side of FIG. 16, FIG. 18 is a plan view of the additional weight, and FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line C--C of FIG. 11. 1... Living surface, 3... Rotating body, 4...
... Rotating cylinder with bottom, 5 ... Raw material discharge gap, 6.
...Raw material release space, 7...Blower, 7'
, 15'...Blowing surface, θ...Angle, 8
...Pin, 26...Additional weight, 15.
...Auxiliary hitter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotary body 3 is pivotally supported 2 inside a living surface 1, a rotary cylinder 4 with a bottom is provided in the center of the rotary body 3, and a raw material discharge gap 5 is provided on the side surface of the cylinder 4. In addition, a striker 7 is provided on the rotary body 3 at a position that hits the raw material being discharged through a raw material discharge space 6 without a guide outside the gap 5, and the rotational direction position of the gap 5 is adjusted. A crusher that can be shaped as you like. 2 A rotary body 3 is pivotally supported 2 inside the living surface 1, a rotary cylinder 4 with a bottom is provided in the center of the rotary body 3, a raw material discharge gap 5 is opened on the side of the cylinder 4, and the gap 5 is A striker 7 is rotatably provided on the rotary body 3 by a pin 8 at a position where it hits the raw material being discharged through a raw material discharge space 6 without a guide on the outside of the rotor 3, and a centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity of the striker 7 is provided. A crusher whose striking surface 7' is held by force. 3 A rotary body 3 is pivotally supported 2 inside the living surface 1, a rotary cylinder 4 with a bottom is provided in the center of the rotary body 3, a raw material discharge gap 5 is opened on the side surface of the cylinder 4, and the gap 5 is A striking element 7 is provided on the rotary body 3 at a position that hits the raw material being discharged through the raw material discharging space 6 having no guide guides on the outside, and a striking element 7 is provided on the rotary body 3 at a position away from the above-mentioned position of the striking element 7. The pulverizer is provided with an auxiliary striker 15 on the rotary body 3, which has a striking surface 15 tilted backward in the radial direction or in the direction of rotation thereof.