JPH1197747A - Lighting circuit for ac light emitting diode - Google Patents
Lighting circuit for ac light emitting diodeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1197747A JPH1197747A JP27813797A JP27813797A JPH1197747A JP H1197747 A JPH1197747 A JP H1197747A JP 27813797 A JP27813797 A JP 27813797A JP 27813797 A JP27813797 A JP 27813797A JP H1197747 A JPH1197747 A JP H1197747A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- capacitor
- led
- current
- circuit
- light emitting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Led Devices (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Audible And Visible Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、商用電源を用いて
発光ダイオードを点灯させるようにした交流用発光ダイ
オード点灯回路に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an AC light emitting diode lighting circuit for lighting a light emitting diode using a commercial power supply.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般的に、発光ダイオード(以下、LE
Dともいう)は直流電圧で駆動され、その電圧は数ボル
ト以下である。また、温度が上昇すると、LEDのアノ
ードとカソード間の電圧が下がり、電圧駆動したときに
熱暴走を起こしやすいことから、電流制限抵抗を直列に
接続することが行われている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a light emitting diode (hereinafter referred to as LE)
D) is driven by a DC voltage, which is less than a few volts. Further, when the temperature rises, the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the LED decreases, and thermal runaway tends to occur when the voltage is driven. Therefore, a current limiting resistor is connected in series.
【0003】かかるLEDを商用電源で点灯する場合、
抵抗を直列に接続して電流制限した後、整流を行って
LEDに電圧印加する方式、商用電源をトランスで降
圧した後、抵抗と整流器を通し、LEDに電圧印加する
方法、スイッチング電源回路によって直流低電圧に変
換した後、LEDに電圧印加する方法、交流電圧の一
定レベル以下の期間だけLEDに電圧を印加させること
により、電力消費を少なくし、小型化するようにした方
法(特開平3−24776号公報参照)、等が提案され
ている。When such an LED is turned on by a commercial power supply,
A method in which a resistor is connected in series to limit the current, then rectify and apply a voltage to the LED, a method of applying a voltage to the LED through a resistor and a rectifier after stepping down a commercial power supply with a transformer, After converting the voltage to a low voltage, a method of applying a voltage to the LED or a method of applying a voltage to the LED only for a period equal to or less than a certain level of the AC voltage to reduce power consumption and reduce the size (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. 24776), and the like.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、商用電源を抵
抗で電圧降下させる方法は、LEDの電圧に比して商
用電源の電圧が高いので、抵抗の発熱が大きくなるとい
う問題があった。However, the method of dropping the voltage of the commercial power supply with a resistor has a problem that the voltage of the commercial power supply is higher than the voltage of the LED, so that the resistor generates more heat.
【0005】また、商用電源をトランスで降圧する方法
は、トランスが大きく重いので、機器の小型化及び軽
量化の障害となるという問題があった。Further, the method of stepping down a commercial power supply by a transformer has a problem that the transformer is large and heavy, which hinders downsizing and weight reduction of equipment.
【0006】また、スイッチング電源回路を用いる方法
及び特開平3−24776号公報記載の方法は回路
構成が複雑になり、製品のコストアップを招来するとい
う問題があった。Further, the method using a switching power supply circuit and the method described in JP-A-3-24776 have a problem that the circuit configuration is complicated and the cost of the product is increased.
【0007】本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑み、商用電源
を用いて発光ダイオードを点灯させるようにした小型で
発熱がなく、しかも安価な交流用発光ダイオード点灯回
路を提供することを課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a small-sized, inexpensive, AC light emitting diode lighting circuit that emits light from a light emitting diode using a commercial power supply.
【0008】[0008]
【問題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明に係る交
流用発光ダイオード点灯回路は、交流電源を用いて発光
ダイオードを点灯させる点灯回路において、交流電源に
接続されるべき入力端と、該入力端に接続され、交流入
力を整流する整流回路と、点灯すべき発光ダイオードに
上記整流回路の整流出力を印加するための出力端と、上
記入力端と整流回路との間に直列に接続され、コンデン
サ又はコイルからなる電流制限用リアクタンスと、を備
えたことを特徴とする。Therefore, an AC light emitting diode lighting circuit according to the present invention is a lighting circuit for lighting a light emitting diode using an AC power supply, comprising: an input terminal to be connected to an AC power supply; A rectifier circuit connected to the input terminal, for rectifying the AC input, an output terminal for applying the rectified output of the rectifier circuit to the light emitting diode to be lit, and connected in series between the input terminal and the rectifier circuit; And a current limiting reactance comprising a capacitor or a coil.
【0009】本発明の特徴の1つは直列抵抗の代わりに
抵抗値相当リアクタンスのコンデンサ又はコイルを電流
制限用のリアクタンスとして電源に接続し、その電流を
整流し、直流をLEDに印加するようにした点にある。
これにより、小型で発熱がなく、しかも安価な発光ダイ
オード点灯回路が得られることとなる。One of the features of the present invention is that a capacitor or a coil having a reactance corresponding to a resistance value is connected to a power supply as a current limiting reactance instead of a series resistor, the current is rectified, and a direct current is applied to an LED. It is in the point which did.
As a result, an inexpensive light-emitting diode lighting circuit that is small, generates no heat, and is obtained.
【0010】ところで、電流制限用リアクタンスがコン
デンサである場合、交流電源の投入時、交流電圧波形が
0V以外のときに電源が投入されると、コンデンサを充
電する電流が突入電流としてLEDに流れるが、その電
流値がLEDの最大定格電流を超えると、LEDが破壊
される。When the current limiting reactance is a capacitor, when the AC power is turned on and the power is turned on when the AC voltage waveform is other than 0 V, a current for charging the capacitor flows through the LED as an inrush current. If the current value exceeds the maximum rated current of the LED, the LED is destroyed.
【0011】また、電流制限用リアクタンスがコイルで
ある場合、交流電源の切断時に交流電圧波形が0V以外
の時にはコイル両端に高電圧が発生し、その電圧がLE
Dに印加されてLEDの電流が最大定格電流を越えると
LEDが破壊される。When the current-limiting reactance is a coil, a high voltage is generated across the coil when the AC voltage waveform is other than 0 V when the AC power supply is cut off, and the voltage becomes LE.
If the current applied to D exceeds the maximum rated current of the LED, the LED is destroyed.
【0012】そこで、発光ダイオードを破壊する過電圧
を防止するための定電圧素子を発光ダイオードに対して
並列に接続し、LEDの印加電圧を制限してLEDに流
れる電流を制限するのがよい。Therefore, it is preferable to connect a constant voltage element for preventing an overvoltage that destroys the light emitting diode in parallel with the light emitting diode, and to limit the voltage applied to the LED to limit the current flowing through the LED.
【0013】また、電流制限用リアクタンスがコンデン
サである場合、上述の定電圧素子に加え、コンデンサと
入力端との間に電源投入時におけるコンデンサへの突入
電流を制限する抵抗を直列に接続し、突入電流を整流回
路の最大定格電流以下に制限するようにしてもよく、又
コンデンサに電源切断時にコンデンサの充電電荷を放電
するための抵抗を並列に接続するようにしてもよい。When the current limiting reactance is a capacitor, a resistor for limiting an inrush current to the capacitor when power is turned on is connected in series between the capacitor and the input terminal in addition to the constant voltage element described above. The inrush current may be limited to the maximum rated current or less of the rectifier circuit, or a resistor for discharging the charge of the capacitor when the power is turned off may be connected in parallel to the capacitor.
【0014】また、電流制限用リアクタンスがコイルで
ある場合、上述の定電圧素子に加え、又はこれに代え、
電源切断時にコイル両端に発生する高電圧を制限する定
電圧素子又はサージ吸収回路をコイルに並列に接続する
ようにしてもよい。When the current limiting reactance is a coil, in addition to or instead of the above-described constant voltage element,
A constant voltage element or a surge absorbing circuit for limiting a high voltage generated at both ends of the coil when the power is turned off may be connected to the coil in parallel.
【0015】ここで、定電圧素子にはツェナダイオー
ド、バリスタ、アレスタ、その他の半導体サージ電圧吸
収素子を用いることができ、又サージ吸収回路には図3
に示すC.Rサージアブソーバー20、その他の同様の
機能を奏する回路を用いることができる。Here, a Zener diode, a varistor, an arrester, and other semiconductor surge voltage absorbing elements can be used for the constant voltage element.
C. shown in FIG. The R surge absorber 20 and other circuits having similar functions can be used.
【0016】[0016]
【作用及び発明の効果】コンデンサは交流に対しては容
量性リアクタンスとして作用し、小さい容量ほど大きな
リアクタンスを持ち、その電流制限効果は大きい。ま
た、コンデンサに流れる電流は位相が電圧より90°進
んでいるため、理論的には電力消費は零である。これに
より小型で、発熱のない回路が実現できる。The capacitor acts as a capacitive reactance with respect to alternating current. The smaller the capacitance, the larger the reactance, and the greater the current limiting effect. In addition, since the phase of the current flowing through the capacitor is ahead of the voltage by 90 °, the power consumption is theoretically zero. Thus, a small-sized and heat-free circuit can be realized.
【0017】また、コイルは交流に対しては誘導性リア
クタンスとして作用し、コイルに流れる電流は位相が電
圧より90°遅れているため、理論的には電力消費は零
である。これにより、発熱のない回路が実現できる。In addition, the coil acts as an inductive reactance with respect to AC, and the current flowing through the coil has a phase delayed by 90 ° from the voltage, so that the power consumption is theoretically zero. Thereby, a circuit without heat generation can be realized.
【0018】商用電源の電圧はLED順方向電圧よりか
なり高く、又LEDに流れる電流は小さいため、LED
順電圧と順電流から計算される等価抵抗値に対し、コン
デンサ又はコイルのリアクタンスは十分に大きい値にな
る。その結果、LED順方向電圧の変化、即ちLEDの
数を1個から、直列接続した複数個に変更したとして
も、流れる電流の変化は少なく、実用的には定電流回路
として使用できる。The voltage of the commercial power supply is considerably higher than the LED forward voltage, and the current flowing through the LED is small.
The reactance of the capacitor or coil becomes sufficiently large with respect to the equivalent resistance value calculated from the forward voltage and the forward current. As a result, even if the change in the LED forward voltage, that is, the number of LEDs is changed from one to a plurality connected in series, the change in the flowing current is small, and it can be practically used as a constant current circuit.
【0019】また、LEDに並列に接続された定電圧素
子は交流電源投入位相に起因するコンデンサの突入電流
からLEDを保護することが出来る。また、電流制限用
リアクタンスとしてコイルが使用されている場合、交流
電源切断時、交流電源位相に起因してコイルの両端に発
生する高電圧からLEDを保護することができる。Further, the constant voltage element connected in parallel to the LED can protect the LED from the rush current of the capacitor caused by the AC power-on phase. When a coil is used as the current limiting reactance, the LED can be protected from a high voltage generated at both ends of the coil due to the AC power supply phase when the AC power supply is cut off.
【0020】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を図面に示す具体例
に基づいて詳細に説明する。図1は本発明に係る交流用
LED点灯回路の好ましい実施形態を示す。図におい
て、1は交流電源、10はLED点灯回路、14、14
は交流電源1に接続されるべき入力端、11は4つのダ
イオードを用いたブリッジ回路から構成され、入力端1
4、14に接続され、交流入力を整流する整流回路、1
5、15は点灯すべきLED2に整流回路11の整流出
力を印加するための出力端、12は入力端14と整流回
路11との間に直列に接続され、電流制限用リアクタン
スとして機能するコンデンサ、13はLEDに対して並
列になるように出力端15、15の間に接続された定電
圧素子としてのツェナダイオード、16はコンデンサ1
2と入力端14との間には直列に接続され、電源投入時
におけるコンデンサ12への突入電流を制限する抵抗、
17はコンデンサ12に並列に接続され、電源切断時に
コンデンサ12の充電電荷を放電する抵抗である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to specific examples shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of an AC LED lighting circuit according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an AC power supply, 10 is an LED lighting circuit, 14, 14
Is an input terminal to be connected to the AC power supply 1, and 11 is a bridge circuit using four diodes.
A rectifier circuit connected to 4, 14 for rectifying the AC input;
5 and 15 are output terminals for applying the rectified output of the rectifier circuit 11 to the LED 2 to be turned on, 12 is a capacitor connected in series between the input terminal 14 and the rectifier circuit 11 and functioning as a current limiting reactance; 13 is a Zener diode as a constant voltage element connected between the output terminals 15 and 15 so as to be in parallel with the LED, and 16 is a capacitor 1
2 is connected in series between the input terminal 2 and the input terminal 14, and a resistor for limiting an inrush current to the capacitor 12 when the power is turned on;
A resistor 17 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 12 and discharges the charge of the capacitor 12 when the power is turned off.
【0021】交流電源1は例えばAC100V又はAC
200Vで、60Hz または50Hz の商用電源であ
る。コンデンサ2は電流制限用の容量性リアクタンスと
して機能する。具体的にコンデンサ容量選定例を示す
と、電源電圧AC100V、60Hz のとき使用される
コンデンサ容量として、0.33μFで、定格電圧AC
125VACの交流用金属化プラスチックフィルムコン
デンサが使用される。この時に流れる電流は約0.01
2A RMSになる。The AC power supply 1 is, for example, 100 V AC or AC
200V, 60Hz or 50Hz commercial power supply. Capacitor 2 functions as a current-limiting capacitive reactance. More specifically, an example of selecting the capacitor capacity is as follows. The capacitor capacity used at the power supply voltage of 100 V AC and 60 Hz is 0.33 μF, and the rated voltage AC
A 125 VAC alternating current metallized plastic film capacitor is used. The current flowing at this time is about 0.01
2A RMS.
【0022】整流回路11は交流を全波整流し、LED
2を点灯させる働きをする。この例ではLED2は1個
であるが、直列に接続されたLEDが複数個あってもよ
い。最大何個のLEDが接続できるかはLEDに流す最
小電流により決定される。The rectifier circuit 11 performs full-wave rectification on the alternating current,
2 works to turn on. In this example, there is one LED 2, but there may be a plurality of LEDs connected in series. The maximum number of LEDs that can be connected is determined by the minimum current flowing through the LEDs.
【0023】ツェナダイオード13はLED2に印加さ
れる電圧を制限することにより、商用電源投入位相によ
り発生するコンデンサ12に流れ込む突入電流をツェナ
ダイオード13にバイパスすることで、過大電流による
LEDの破壊からLEDを保護する働きがある。ツェナ
ダイオード13の電圧はLED2の使用状態の順方向電
圧より高く、最大順電流時の順電圧より低い値に設定さ
れる。The zener diode 13 limits the voltage applied to the LED 2, and bypasses the rush current flowing into the capacitor 12 generated by the commercial power-on phase to the zener diode 13, thereby preventing the LED from being destroyed due to an excessive current. Work to protect The voltage of the Zener diode 13 is set to a value higher than the forward voltage in the use state of the LED 2 and lower than the forward voltage at the maximum forward current.
【0024】図2は本発明の第2の実施形態で、図1と
同一符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。本例ではコンデン
サに代えてコイル18を用い、コイル18には過電圧吸
収用バリスタ19を並列に接続している。本例において
も第1の実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏するが、容易に
理解できるので、その詳細な説明は省略する。FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. In this embodiment, a coil 18 is used instead of a capacitor, and an overvoltage absorbing varistor 19 is connected to the coil 18 in parallel. In this example, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, but since it can be easily understood, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
【0025】図3はコイル18を用いた第2の実施形態
において、電源切断時にコイル18の両端に発生する高
電圧を吸収するサージ吸収回路としてC.Rサージアブ
ソーバー20の構成例を示す。FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment using the coil 18 as a surge absorbing circuit for absorbing a high voltage generated at both ends of the coil 18 when the power is turned off. 1 shows a configuration example of an R surge absorber 20.
【0026】図4ないし図7は電流制限用リアクタンス
としてコンデンサを用いた本発明の他の実施形態で、図
1と同一符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。但し、本図で
は突入電流制限用抵抗、コンデンサ充電電荷放電用の抵
抗はその図示を省略している。ここに、図4は単相半波
整流を行う第3の実施形態、図5は単相3線式全波整流
を行う第4の実施形態、図6は三相3線式全波整流を行
う第5の実施形態、図7は三相4線式全波整流を行う第
6の実施形態である。なお、単相3線式、三相3線式及
び三相4線式の場合には3線又は4線のうち、2線のみ
を使用すれば実用上十分である。また、他の多相交流に
も同様の回路で適用できる。また、LEDと並列にコン
デンサを接続すると、脈動の少ない電流を印加できる。FIGS. 4 to 7 show another embodiment of the present invention using a capacitor as a current limiting reactance. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts. However, in the figure, the inrush current limiting resistor and the capacitor charge / discharge resistor are not shown. Here, FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment in which single-phase half-wave rectification is performed, FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment in which single-phase three-wire full-wave rectification is performed, and FIG. 6 shows three-phase three-wire full-wave rectification. FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment in which three-phase four-wire full-wave rectification is performed. In the case of a single-phase three-wire system, a three-phase three-wire system, and a three-phase four-wire system, it is practically sufficient to use only two of the three or four wires. The same circuit can be applied to other polyphase alternating current. When a capacitor is connected in parallel with the LED, a current with little pulsation can be applied.
【図1】 本発明に係る交流用LED点灯回路の第1の
実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of an AC LED lighting circuit according to the present invention.
【図2】 第2の実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment.
【図3】 第2の実施形態においてバリスタに代えて採
用されるサージ吸収回路の構成例を示す回路図である。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of a surge absorbing circuit employed in place of a varistor in the second embodiment.
【図4】 第3の実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment.
【図5】 第4の実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment.
【図6】 第5の実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment.
【図7】 第6の実施形態を示す回路図である。FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment.
1 交流電源 2 LED 10 LED点灯回路 11 整流回路 12 コンデンサ(電流制限用リアクタンス) 13 ツェナダイオード(定電圧素子) 14 入力端 15 出力端 16、17 抵抗 18 コイル(電流制限用リアクタンス) 19 過電圧吸収用バリスタ 20 C.Rサージアブソーバー(サージ吸収回路) Reference Signs List 1 AC power supply 2 LED 10 LED lighting circuit 11 Rectifier circuit 12 Capacitor (reactance for current limitation) 13 Zener diode (constant voltage element) 14 Input terminal 15 Output terminal 16, 17 Resistance 18 Coil (reactance for current limitation) 19 Overvoltage absorption Varistor 20 C.I. R surge absorber (surge absorption circuit)
Claims (4)
させる点灯回路において、 交流電源に接続されるべき入力端と、 該入力端に接続され、交流入力を整流する整流回路と、 点灯すべき発光ダイオードに上記整流回路の整流出力を
印加するための出力端と、 上記入力端と整流回路との間に直列に接続され、コンデ
ンサ又はコイルからなる電流制限用リアクタンスと、を
備えたことを特徴とする交流用発光ダイオード点灯回
路。1. A lighting circuit for lighting a light emitting diode using an AC power supply, an input terminal to be connected to the AC power source, a rectifier circuit connected to the input terminal for rectifying an AC input, and a light emitting device to be lit. An output terminal for applying a rectified output of the rectifier circuit to the diode, and a current limiting reactance that is connected in series between the input terminal and the rectifier circuit and includes a capacitor or a coil. LED lighting circuit for AC.
を破壊する過電圧を防止するための定電圧素子が上記発
光ダイオードに対して並列に接続されている請求項1記
載の交流用発光ダイオード点灯回路。2. The light emitting diode for AC according to claim 1, wherein a constant voltage element for preventing an overvoltage that destroys the light emitting diode is connected between the output terminals in parallel with the light emitting diode. circuit.
サであり、上記コンデンサと入力端との間には電源投入
時におけるコンデンサへの突入電流を制限する抵抗が直
列に接続され、上記コンデンサには電源切断時にコンデ
ンサの充電電荷を放電するための抵抗が並列に接続され
ている請求項1記載の交流用発光ダイオード点灯回路。3. The current limiting reactance is a capacitor, a resistor for limiting an inrush current to the capacitor when power is turned on is connected in series between the capacitor and an input terminal, and the power is turned off to the capacitor. 2. An AC light emitting diode lighting circuit according to claim 1, wherein a resistor for discharging a charge of the capacitor is sometimes connected in parallel.
あり、上記コイルには電源切断時にコイル両端に発生す
る高電圧を制限する定電圧素子又はサージ吸収回路が並
列に接続されている請求項1記載の交流用発光ダイオー
ド点灯回路。4. The current limiting reactance is a coil, and a constant voltage element or a surge absorbing circuit for limiting a high voltage generated at both ends of the coil when power is turned off is connected to the coil in parallel. LED lighting circuit for AC.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP27813797A JPH1197747A (en) | 1997-09-24 | 1997-09-24 | Lighting circuit for ac light emitting diode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP27813797A JPH1197747A (en) | 1997-09-24 | 1997-09-24 | Lighting circuit for ac light emitting diode |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH1197747A true JPH1197747A (en) | 1999-04-09 |
Family
ID=17593115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP27813797A Pending JPH1197747A (en) | 1997-09-24 | 1997-09-24 | Lighting circuit for ac light emitting diode |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH1197747A (en) |
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