JPH1196262A - Flotation processing system of accounts receivable - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system capable of taking in factoring technique and realizing partial discount service, automatic discount service and an endorsed note function. SOLUTION: Information to discriminate a payer is registered in a corporate information database 51. Information regarding accounts receivable is stored in a credit information datable 52. Information regarding the execution of a discount request is stored in a discount information database 53. Whenever the information regarding the discount request is inputted, a processing of judge the presence/absence of an error by comparing the information to discriminate the payer in the inputted information with the information to discriminate the payer registered in the corporate information database 51 and a processing to specify discounted credit and a discounted amount by using at least the information to specify a discounted and requested amount in the inputted information and the information to indicate a discountable amount in the accounts information database 52 and to register the discounted amount in the discount information database 53 are executed by a data processor 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an accounts receivable liquidation system utilizing a factoring (accounts receivable purchase) method, and more specifically, a supplier continuously purchases accounts receivable acquired from a payer. The present invention relates to a system for liquidating receivables in a factoring contractor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a system for liquidating accounts receivable, there is a system called a collective payment system. In this lump-sum payment system, the partner financial institution of the delivery company overdrafts the delivery company using the receivables acquired by the delivery company for the payment company as transfer collateral.

[0003] In this lump-sum payment system, a paying company passes accounts payable data from a delivering company to a primary financial institution, which passes the accounts payable data to the affiliated financial institution. The affiliated financial institution registers the details of the receivable (receivable number, amount of receivable, and due date) of the receivable corresponding to the receivable and payable data in the host computer and notifies the supplier. When requesting overdraft, the supplier specifies the receivables by specifying the details of the receivables. The partner financial institution will make a loan if the statement of the receivable matches the one registered in the host computer. In other words, the delivering company can procure funds only within the range of the total amount of accounts receivable registered in the host computer and in the amount of the accounts receivable unit.

[0004]

However, in the above-described lump-sum payment system, since the loan amount is limited to the credit unit, there is a case where it is necessary to make an overdraft request more than necessary. As a result, the above discount fee was borne. In addition, it was necessary to specify the details of the receivables individually, which was more troublesome than bills of exchange discounts (notes discounts simply involve bringing the desired bills in kind).

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and in order to improve the convenience of a supplier, a factoring method is adopted, and a partial discount service, an automatic discount service, and a turning bill function are provided. The purpose is to provide a system that can be realized.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system capable of realizing a quick and accurate transfer request from a factoring company to a financial institution.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a system capable of checking whether or not the payment of the price does not violate the Subcontract Act (the Law for Preventing Delays in Payment of Subcontract Payments).

[0008]

A receivables securitization system according to the present invention has a first database in which at least information for identifying a supplier is registered, and a payer periodically notifies the first database. A second database in which information relating to accounts receivable is stored, a third database in which information relating to execution of discount request is stored, and a data processing device which performs input / output processing of various data; The apparatus is configured to, when information relating to the occasional discount request notified from the supplier is input, include information for identifying the supplier in the input information and the delivery registered in the first database. Comparing the information with the information identifying the user to determine the presence or absence of an error; It is characterized in that the amount available to identify the discounted receivables and discount amount by using the information indicating executes a process of registering the third database.

Further, in the receivables liquidation processing system according to the present invention, at least a first database in which information designating a discount amount of a periodic discount request is registered, and a payer periodically notifies the first database. A second database in which information relating to the receivable is stored, a third database in which information relating to execution of a periodic discount request is stored, and a data processing device which performs input / output processing of various data,
When the periodic discount registration command is input, the data processing device determines whether the discount amount registered in the first database is within the range of the discountable amount stored in the second database. Is judged, and if it is within the range, the third
And performing a process of registering it in the database.

[0010] In the first database, one or more payment change transfer destinations designated by the supplier as payment destinations for the discount request are registered, and the first database is notified by the supplier. When information on a payee change service is input to the data processing device, the data processing device checks the payment change destination registered in the first database and the payment change destination information in the input information. May be configured to execute a process of comparing.

[0011] Further, the first database stores information for strictly ensuring that the due date of the receivable is within a predetermined period.
When information regarding the receivable, which is periodically notified from the payer, is input, a process of determining whether or not the due date of the receivable is within a predetermined period may be executed.

Further, it is preferable that the transfer data is transmitted using an electronic banking system.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the overall structure of the receivables securitization system will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, flows of funds and goods are shown by thin solid lines, receivables are shown by thick solid lines, and transfer of receivables is shown by dotted lines.

Company A (delivery company) delivers goods according to the order of company B (payment company) (). Company A acquires receivables from Company B as payment for (). Company A is C
Transfer receivables to a company (factoring company) (). Company C becomes the creditor of the accounts receivable on behalf of Company A by transferring the receivables (). Company A obtains a receivable from Company C as consideration for the transfer of the receivable (). This payment receivable can be discounted (prepayed) at any time after the discount date. Company C pays the price based on the discount request of Company A (). This payment can also be made to Company D (the transfer destination) designated by Company A in advance ('). Company B pays Company C a lump sum on the date of the receivables (). Company C pays the undiscounted amount on the date of Company A's receivable ().

Here, as a method of requesting a discount, there are an occasional discount method and a periodic discount method. With the ad-hoc discount method, a discount is separately requested at any time according to the cash flow. In the periodic discount method, it is not necessary to specify a certain discount date in advance every month and to charge separately.

In the occasional discount method, there are an amount specification method and a bond specification method as a specification method of a discount amount. The amount specification method is a method for specifying the total discount amount without specifying the discounted receivables. In this case, the target loan is determined by the system (details will be described later). The receivable designation method is a method of specifying receivables to be discounted and designating a discount amount.

In the periodic discount method, there are a total amount specifying method and a partial discount method as a method of specifying a discount amount. The full amount designation method is a method in which the total amount of accounts receivable generated every month is discounted on a designated date. The partial discount method is a method for discounting a part (a predetermined amount) of accounts receivable generated every month.

In the payee change service of (1), there are a payout amount specifying method and a discount amount specifying method as a method of specifying the amount to be paid to the specified destination.

The payment amount designation method is a method for designating an amount to be paid to a designated destination. In this case, payment can be made to a plurality of designated destinations with one application. However, the total amount of payment to the designated destination must be equal to or less than the amount to be received by Company A by executing the discount (the amount obtained by subtracting the discount fee and the commission from the discount amount). The remaining amount after deducting the total amount paid to the designated destination is transferred to the account of Company A.

The discount amount designation method is a method in which the amount to be paid to the designated destination is not specified, and the amount obtained by simply subtracting the discount fee and the commission (transfer fee + payee service change fee) from the discount amount is directly transferred. .

In FIG. 1, for simplicity of explanation,
Although one supplier and one payer corresponded, it goes without saying that in practice, one supplier is associated with many payers, and one payer is associated with many suppliers.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of a computer system provided by the company C in FIG. This computer system
For example, a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer)
, A data input device 2 such as a keyboard, which is electrically connected to the data processing device 1, a display device 3 such as a CRT display, a printer 4,
It comprises an external storage device 5 and a DATA & FAX modem 6. Each device electrically connected to the data processing device 1, for example, the external storage device 5 or the DATA & FA
The X modem 6 may be built in the data processing device 1. The display device 3 and the printer 4 are the data processing device 1.
And may be integrated.

The data processing device 1 includes a CPU 11 for executing various data processing and calculations, and an internal storage device (RAM, ROM) 1 for storing various data and programs.
Two.

The external storage device 5 is composed of, for example, a hard disk, and has a company information database 51 in advance.
Is registered. Further, registration and update of the credit information database 52 and the discount information database 53 are performed as necessary. Although illustration is omitted, database application software necessary for performing registration and update of these databases, OCR software for executing various processes described later, communication software, an operating system, and the like are provided. The data is supplied in advance from an FD (floppy disk), CD-ROM, or the like, and is input from the data processing device 1 and stored in the external storage device 5.

The DATA & FAX modem 6 is connected to, for example, a public line (ISDN, analog telephone line, etc.), and performs data communication and FA with other computer terminals and facsimile terminals connected to the public line.
X (facsimile) communication can be performed.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show examples of data items stored in the company information database 51. FIG. Here, the first company information database 51A shown in FIG. 3 is a database relating to the paying company and the delivering company, the second company information database 51B shown in FIG. 4 is a database relating to the transfer destination information, and the second company information database 51B shown in FIG. The third company information database 51C is a database relating to a regular discount.

FIG. 6 shows a credit information database 52.
7 is an example of data items stored in the discount information database 53. FIG.

Next, the processing of the system shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the processing when fetching credit data.

First, the operator inputs credit data (step A1). The receivables data is notified from Company B to Company C every month on a predetermined day. The contents of the receivables data include the paying company code, paying company name, number of receivables, total amount, start date, receivable date, amount of individual receivables and paying company name, bank code, branch code, deposit item, account number, etc. is there. Examples of the notification method include mailing or bringing in a storage medium (e.g., FD) storing the credit data, and transmission of the credit data by data communication using a computer (a personal computer, an office computer, a large-sized computer, etc.). Adopt it. When notified by the FD, the operator sets the FDD (floppy disk drive: not shown) and gives a data capture command from the input device 2. Similarly, when data is input via the DATA & FAX modem 6 by computer communication, a data fetch instruction is given from the input device 2. The credit data thus input to the data processing device 1 is stored in the internal storage device 12 in the data processing device 1.

Next, the contents of the company information database 51 in the external storage device 5 are referred to (step A2). Specifically, in the first company information database 51A,
The item with the mark is read into the internal storage device 12 and compared with the credit data input in step A1 by the CPU 11 (step A3). Here, the confirmation of whether or not the subcontract law is applied means that if it is registered in the first company information database 51A that the subcontract law is applied, step A
This is to verify whether the credit data captured in step 1 does not violate the Subcontract Act. Specifically, it verifies whether the due date is within four months from the commencement date. If it is not within four months, the subcontracting law is violated, so that it is determined in step A3 that there is an error.

If there is an error as a result of the comparison in step A3, an error list is output from the printer 4 (step A4). If there is no error, an input confirmation table (account receivable receipt confirmation table) is output from the printer 4 (step A5). FIG. 9 is an example of the input confirmation table. Here, the bond number is a number assigned by the data processing device 1 for each input bond. The input confirmation table may be displayed on the display device 3 instead of being output from the printer 4. Alternatively, the image may be output from the printer 4 and displayed on the display device 3 at the same time.

The operator looks at the input confirmation table, and if there is no error in the contents, inputs a command to approve capture from the input device 2 (step A6). If there is an error, the error-corrected data is input using the input device 2 (return to step A1).

When a command to approve import is input, the credit data is registered in the credit information database 52 in the external storage device 5 (step A7). In FIG. 8, “update” is described, but this is the time of the second or subsequent registration and is “created” at the time of the first registration. This is the same for the discount information database described later.

This process ends when the credit data is registered in the credit information database 52.

The contents of the receivables information database created in this way are stored as new transfer receivables statements for each of the receivables (A-1, A-2, A-3,... In FIG. 9).
Is notified using FAX. The statement of the newly transferred receivable includes the amount of each receivable, the due date, the discountable date (start date), and the receivable number.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a process for executing the discount. This process is a process for a discount at any time and without a payee change service.

First, discount application data is input (step B1). This discount application data is provided by the delivery company in the prescribed discount application form, application date, desired discount date, delivery company code, discount amount specification method (amount specification method or receivable specification method), discount request amount, receivable code (receivable specification method) Only), the due date of the receivable (only in the case of the receivable designation method), and the password, and send it by fax to the factoring company. FIG. 11 is an example of a discount application form. At this time, it is preferable to transmit the FAX data using the NTT F-net. The reason is that F-net has a function of stocking received data and a function of confirming reception of the other party in the network,
This is because even when the discount application is concentrated, the discount application can be received without being in a call, and various notifications can be reliably transmitted to the delivery company. Factoring company uses FAT data from discount application form as DAT
The data is received by the A & FAX modem 6, converted into character code data using OCR software, and taken into the internal storage device 12 in the data processing device 1.

Next, the contents of the company information database 51 and the credit information database 52 in the external storage device 5 are referred to (step B2). Then, comparison with the discount data taken in step B1 is executed by the CPU 11 (step B3), and if there is an error, an error list is output from the printer 4 (step B4). If there is no error, the printer 4 outputs an input confirmation table (discount execution confirmation table) (step B5).

The comparison in step B3 is performed as follows. First, the company code and password in the discount data are compared with those data registered in the first company information database 51A, and if they do not match, it is determined that there is an error. If they match, the first company information database 51A and the credit information database 52
To see if the desired discount date in the discount data is after the start date and before the due date of the receivable, and whether the discounted amount is within the total amount of receivable receivables (in the case of the receivable designation method, the range of receivables Or not), whether the sum of the designated payment amount and the required commission is within the execution amount, and whether the remittance amount is greater than 0 yen. If at least one of the conditions is not satisfied, it is determined that there is an error. Then, it is determined that there is no error only when all the conditions are satisfied. FIG. 12 is an example of the input confirmation table. In FIG. 12, the specific contents of [Receivables Description] and [Transfer Details] are omitted.

Further, in step B3, the system specifies a bond. This processing will be described with reference to FIG.

First, it is determined whether the method for specifying a bond is the amount specification method or the bond specification method (step E1). In the case of the bond designation method, it is first determined whether or not the bond number is correct (step E2). This determination is made by determining whether the bond number in the discount data exists in the bond information database 52. If it is not correct, it is determined that there is an error. If it is correct, it is determined whether or not the discountable amount is equal to or more than the discount charge amount (step E3). If the discountable amount is equal to or greater than the discounted amount, the receivable with the number described in the discount application is specified as the receivable.

In the case of the money amount designating method, it is determined whether the number of bonds is one or two or more (step E4). If there are two or more, the total amount of the bonds is calculated (step E5). Next, it is determined whether or not the discountable amount is equal to or greater than the discount amount (step E6). Here, the discountable amount is the amount of the bond when there is one bond, and is the total amount calculated in step E5 when there are two or more bonds.

If the discountable amount is equal to or greater than the desired discount amount, the amount of one or more receivables is reduced to D1, D
2, D3,... Dn, it is first determined whether or not D1 is equal to or more than the desired discount amount (steps E7 to E9). And
If this condition is satisfied, the receivable with the closest due date is identified as the receivable to be discounted. If there is only one claim,
Naturally, this condition is satisfied.

If this condition is not satisfied, it is determined whether or not the amount obtained by adding the amount D2 of the second-to-due loan to the amount D1 of the second-to-due bond is equal to or greater than the desired discount amount (step S1). E10, E11, E9). If this condition is satisfied, the receivable that is closest to the due date and the receivable that is closest to the due date are specified as receivables to be discounted. In this case, the amount D1 of the receivable which is closest to the due date is discounted in full,
The amount of the receivable which is the second closest to the due date is discounted by subtracting D1 from the discount amount. For example, the discount amount is $ 4
0,000,000, D1 is $ 25,000,000,
If D2 is $ 20,000,000, a discount of the full amount of D1 and a discount of $ 15,000,000 of D2 are performed.

If D1 + D2 is smaller than the desired amount, it is determined whether D1 + D2 + D3 is equal to or larger than the desired amount. Thereafter, in the same manner, the amount of the receivable is added in ascending order of the due date until the amount exceeds the desired amount. Step E
If the discountable amount is less than the desired discount amount in step 6,
Judge that there is an error.

Returning to the description of FIG. The operator looks at the input confirmation table, and inputs a registration approval command from the input device 2 if the content is correct (step B6). If there is an error, the error-corrected data is input using the input device 2 (return to step B1).

When the registration approval command is input, the discount data is registered in the discount information database 53 in the external storage device 5 (step B7).

After the discount information database has been created as described above, the creation of a statement and the creation of remittance data are executed with reference to the database (steps B8 and B9). The statement includes the details of the discount (desired date, claim identification method, discount amount, the loan number of the target receivable, the balance of the receivable, the amount to be discounted, the due date), the details of the discount calculation (receivable number, discount amount) , Receivable date, number of days, rate, discount fee), and details of the transfer (transfer date, transfer account, transfer amount).

The created calculation data is DATA & FAX
The data is transmitted as fax data to a customer (a company desiring a discount) via the modem 6. The remittance data is DATA & F
It is connected to an EB (Electronic Banking) system via the AX modem 6, and data for requesting a transfer to a customer's account is transmitted. When the preparation of the statement and the remittance data are completed, the discount information database 53 is updated (the fact that the preparation of the statement and remittance data has been executed is registered).

FIG. 14 shows a process for executing a discount at any time accompanied by a payee change service.

First, payment destination change service application data is input (step C1). The payee change service data is written by the delivery company in a predetermined payee change service application form and transmitted to the factoring company by facsimile. This predetermined data is obtained by adding data on the payment change destination to the data described in the discount application form described above.

The following steps C2 to C9 are:
Since these steps are the same as steps B2 to B9 in FIG. 10 described above, only the main differences will be described. In step C3, it is also determined whether the payee in the payee change service application data matches the payee registered in the second company information database. In step C8, a payment notice is also prepared and notified to the payee. The payment notice describes that the application for the payee change service has been made and the details of the transfer (transfer date, transfer account, transfer amount).

FIG. 15 shows a process for executing a regular discount.

First, the third company information database 51C registered in the external storage device 5 is read out and displayed on the display device 3 to confirm the regular discount execution date (step D).
1). 17 shows an example of the screen displayed in FIG. Note that the company name is omitted on this screen.

The operator looks at this screen and inputs the registration for the execution of the periodic discount (step D2). The regular discount is provided to the customer in advance of the discount execution date (for example, two business days).
Since the notice is given by X, the company that needs it is selected. For example, in the case of the company whose company code is 0007 in FIG. 15, the scheduled discount date is 1997/09/20. However, since this day is Saturday, the discount will be executed on 1997/09/19 of the previous business day specified in the holiday category. Therefore, this customer has a 1997/09/1
7 is required to be notified by facsimile, so that the user inputs the registration for the periodic discount execution on that day.

When the registration for the execution of the periodic discount is made, the presence or absence of an error is confirmed by referring to the third company information database 51C and the credit information database 52. Here, it is confirmed whether the discount is a partial discount or a full discount, and whether or not the receivable amount is within. If there is no error, an input confirmation table is output (step D4).
Is corrected on the display screen (return to step D2).

The operator looks at the input confirmation table and, if there is no error in the contents, inputs a registration approval command from the input device 2 (step D6). If there is an error, the error-corrected data is input using the input device 2 (return to step D1).

When a registration approval command is input, the regular discount data is stored in the discount information database 53 in the external storage device 5.
(Step D7).

After the regular discount information database is created as described above, the calculation of the statement and the data for remittance are executed with reference to the database (steps D8 and D).
9). These processes are the same as the above-mentioned occasional discount.

The processing up to the reduction of accounts receivable has been described above. When the due date of the receivable is reached, the data processing device 1 refers to the company information database 51, the receivable information database 52, and the discount information database 53, calculates the amount not discounted, creates remittance data, and generates EB. Execute the transfer to the customer using the system. Further, a bill is created with reference to the company information database 51 and the credit information database 52, and sent to the customer (paying company).

In the system shown in FIG. 2, transmission and reception of FAX data, connection to the EB system, and processing for liquidation of accounts receivable are performed by one data processing device. One data processing device may be used for transmission / reception and connection to the EB system, and one data processing device may be used for processing for liquidation of accounts receivable. The transfer of data between the two data processing devices may use a recording medium such as an FD,
A wired or wireless LAN may be used. Further, F
The transmission and reception of the AX data and the connection to the EB system may be performed by another data processing device.

[0064]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a partial discount service, an automatic discount service, and a handwritten bill function can be realized by utilizing the factoring system. Further, a quick and accurate transfer request from a factoring company to a financial institution can be realized. In addition, you can check whether the payment does not violate the Subcontract Act.

That is, according to the present invention, by eliminating the actual bill from the settlement, the bill issuance work and the bill management work become unnecessary, so that the work procedures of both the payer and the payer are simplified. In addition, the payer can enjoy more convenience in financing than the conventional bill discount.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall structure of an accounts receivable securitization system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a computer system provided by a company C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of data items stored in a first company information database.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of data items stored in a second company information database.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of data items stored in a third company information database.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of data items stored in a bond information database.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of data items stored in a discount information database.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a process when importing credit data.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an input confirmation table.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a process for executing an occasional discount without a payee change service.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a discount application form.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an input confirmation table.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a process of specifying a bond in the process of FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a process in the case of executing an occasional discount involving a payee change service.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a process for executing a regular discount.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen when executing discount registration.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Data processing device, 2 ... Input device, 3 ... Display device, 4
... Printer, 5 ... External storage device, 6 ... DAT & FAX modem, 51 ... Company information database, 52 ... Receivable information database, 53 ... Discount information database.

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A system for performing liquidation processing of accounts receivable by a factoring company in which a supplier has a contract to continuously purchase accounts receivable acquired from a payer, wherein at least the sender is identified. A first database in which information is registered; a second database in which information relating to accounts receivable which is periodically notified from the payer is stored; and a third database in which information relating to execution of discount billing is stored. A database, and a data processing device that performs input / output processing of various data, and the data processing device is configured to input the information regarding the occasional discount request notified from the supplier when the information is input. Comparing the information identifying the supplier in the first database with the information identifying the supplier registered in the first database, and determining whether there is an error. A process of specifying a discounted receivable and a discount amount using at least the information for specifying the discounted amount in the input information and the information indicating the discountable amount in the second database, and registering the discounted receivable amount and the discount amount in the third database. And a liquidation processing system for accounts receivable. 2. A system for performing liquidation processing of said accounts receivable by a factoring company in which a supplier has a contract for continuously purchasing accounts receivable acquired from a payer, wherein at least a discount amount of a periodic discount request. A first database in which information designating the receivable is registered; a second database in which information on the receivables periodically notified from the payer is stored; and information on execution of periodic discount billing are stored. And a data processing device that performs input / output processing of various data. The data processing device is registered in the first database when a regular discount registration command is input. It is determined whether or not the discount amount is within the range of the discount amount stored in the second database.
A receivables liquidation processing system, which executes a process of registering the receivables in a database. 3. In the first database, one or more payment change transfer destinations designated by the supplier as payment destinations for the discount request are registered, and a notice from the supplier is provided. When the information on the changed payee change service is input to the data processing device, the data processing device checks the payment change destination registered in the first database and the payment change in the input information. The receivables liquidation processing system according to claim 1, wherein the system performs a process of comparing with the preceding information. 4. The first database stores information for strictly observing that the due date of the receivable is within a predetermined period, and the data processing device periodically sends the information from the payer. The information according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when information relating to the receivable notified to the user is input, a process of determining whether or not the due date of the receivable is within a predetermined period is executed. Liquidation processing system for accounts receivable. 5. The transfer data is created by referring to information registered in the third database, and the transfer data is transmitted using an electronic banking system. Item receivables liquidation processing system.