JPH1194546A - Clinometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a clinometer in which displacement of the ground or a building can be measured in any direction by setting marks at two positions of equal distance from a vertical shaft on the extension of X and Y axes intersecting therewith and orthogonal to each other on the imaginary horizontal plane of a pendulum. SOLUTION: Useless vibrations of a weight 1 are absorbed in the oil 5 in an oil tank 4. Two marks 6x, 6y are put at positions of same height on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical weight 1 while spaced apart by 90 deg., for example. The marks 6x, 6y are located at an equal distance from a vertical shaft Z on orthogonal axes X, Y intersecting the vertical shaft Z of the weight 1 on a horizontal plane H. Eddy current type displacement sensors 7x, 7y face the marks 6x, 6y through gaps d, d' and fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the oil tank 4. Outputs from the displacement sensors 7x, 7y caused by the fluctuation of the gaps d, d' are processed by a computer to determine the inclining direction at a position where the weight 1 is suspended and the fluctuation in the inclination angle.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inclinometer for measuring the direction and angle of inclination of a ground with respect to a horizontal plane due to the subsidence or uplift of the ground, or the direction and angle of inclination of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Natural crustal deformation, aging land subsidence in landfills and landfills, and displacement of the underlying ground due to new civil engineering and construction work, etc. Conventionally, as an apparatus for measuring a tilt change applied to an existing building, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-29425 has been proposed.
2. Description of the Related Art A water tube type displacement measuring device as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2 is known. That is, the displacement water tank is connected to the reference water tank via a connecting pipe, three vertical water cylinders are arranged at the positions of the vertices of the triangle on the upper surface of the displacement water tank, and the floats are stored in each vertical water cylinder. An eddy current type displacement detector serving as an electric sensor is mounted above the sensor. When the ground is tilted in any direction, front and rear, left and right, the floats in the three vertical water bottles cause displacement of the position with respect to each displacement detector, and the two or three relative positions The inclination is detected in the X direction and the Y direction based on the mutual relationship between the displacements detected by the displacement detectors of the vertical water bottles disposed in the X direction and the Y direction. However, such a tilt measuring device forms a set of three vertical water bottles in a so-called water tube type,
Installation of a reference water tank and piping of water pipes are required, which is complicated.

[0003] Conventionally, as this kind of inclinometer, a combination of a differential transformer and a pendulum as shown in FIG. 5 is also known. That is, 51 is a weight (a pendulum body) attached to the weight support 51 a, and the weight support 51 a is attached to the ceiling of the closed chamber 58 in the case 54 via the plate-shaped suspension spring 52. Hanged by. T is a well-known differential transformer, and its differential transformer coil 57 is fixed in a sealed chamber 58 of a case 54, and its differential transformer core 56 is in a state along the center axis W of the differential transformer coil 57. And attached to the weight support 51a. Reference numeral 55 denotes an oil for a damper filled in the closed chamber 58. The weight 51, the differential transformer T, and the weight support 51a
Are placed in oil 55. The case 54 is attached to the wall surface of the structure at the position where the inclination is to be measured. When the ground is inclined, the case 54 and the differential transformer coil 57 fixed thereto are also inclined, and the weight 5
1 and the differential transformer core 56 are kept suspended in the vertical direction, so that the relative positional relationship of the differential transformer coil 57 with respect to the differential transformer core 56 changes. Then, an electric signal corresponding to this change is output from the differential transformer coil 57, and this signal change is measured to detect a change in the inclination of the ground. However, in such a conventional inclinometer, two inclinometers are installed in different swing directions of the respective weights 51 in order to detect the direction and the degree of the inclination of the ground that can occur in all directions. In addition to the necessity, the adjustment of the relative position between the differential transformer core 56 and the differential coil 57 is complicated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates the structural difficulties of such a conventional water tube type tilt device and a differential transformer type tilt device and replaces one inclinometer with a tilt variation measuring point. To easily measure the amount of change in the slope of the ground or the structure in any direction that occurs in the building.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, an inclinometer according to the present invention is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a pendulum body which can swing in any direction, and is orthogonal to each other on a horizontal plane assumed for the pendulum body. In addition, on the extension of the X-axis and the Y-axis intersecting with the vertical support axis of the pendulum body, a reference point is set at each of two positions equidistant from the vertical support axis. A displacement sensor that opposes each other and outputs an electrical signal in response to the displacement of the gap, and the amount of change in the inclination angle in an arbitrary direction based on the displacement of the two gaps detected by the displacement sensor. Is measured.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A basic embodiment of an inclinometer according to the present invention is, as described above, on an outer peripheral surface of a pendulum body which can swing in any direction, and on a horizontal plane assumed for the pendulum body. A reference point is set at each of two positions that are orthogonal to each other and are equidistant from the vertical support axis on the X-axis and the Y-axis that intersect with the vertical support axis of the pendulum body. Displacement sensors that are opposed to each other through the gap and output an electric signal in response to the displacement of the gap are provided, and the inclination angle in an arbitrary direction is determined based on the displacement of the two gaps detected by the displacement sensor. The variation is measured, and a specific example thereof will be described below.

[0007]

1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical weight, 2
Is a weight support, 3 is a spherical slide bearing which is a kind of universal bearing, 4 is an oil tank, and weight 1 is a weight support 2
And an upper end of the weight support 2 is supported by a spherical slide bearing 3 attached to an upper end of a neck 4 a of an oil tank 4. The weight 1 is a pendulum body (a so-called downward pendulum type pendulum body) that can swing in any direction, such as front and rear, left and right, with the spherical slide bearing 3 as a fulcrum.
The weight 1 is disposed in the oil tank 4. The oil tank 4 is filled with the oil 5, and the weight 1 is in the oil 5, and the oil 5 functions as a damper for absorbing unnecessary vibration of the weight 1. On the circumferential surface of the cylindrical weight 1, two reference points 6 are placed at the same height with a 90-degree angle therebetween.
x, 6y are attached. That is, assuming a horizontal plane H including the reference points 6x and 6y in the weight 1, the reference points are respectively set on axes X and Y that intersect with the vertical support axis Z of the weight 1 on the horizontal plane H and are orthogonal to each other. 6x and mark 6
y is located, and the reference points 6x and 6y are equidistant from the vertical support axis Z. The reference points 6x and the reference points 6y are formed of a conductor. Reference numerals 7x and 7y denote well-known eddy current type displacement sensors, which are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the oil tank 4 so as to oppose the reference points 6x and 6y via gaps d and d ', respectively. The eddy current type displacement sensors 7x and 7y output electric signals in response to the sizes of the gaps d and d '. The output signal is amplified by an amplifier 8 and sent to a computer (not shown) through a cable 9, where the output signal is processed by the computer to measure the direction of inclination and the amount of change in the angle of inclination of the place where the weight 1 is suspended. Is done. Reference numeral 10 denotes an outer case of the inclinometer, and a level 11 is provided on the upper surface thereof. That is, an outer casing 10 having a built-in weight 1 is attached to a wall surface of a structure at a location where the inclination is to be measured. When the ground subsides or rises and the ground is inclined in any direction, the ground is The oil tank 4 attached to the upper structure also tilts, but since the weight 1 is always held vertically suspended, the gap d between the reference point 6x and the displacement sensor 7x,
In addition, the size of the gap d 'between the reference point 6y and the displacement sensor 7y changes, and the displacement sensors 7x and 7y output electrical output signals corresponding to the changed sizes of the gaps d and d' (there are output signals generated there). Output signals corresponding to the tilt angle in the axis X direction and the tilt angle in the axis Y direction), and this output signal is sent to the computer via the amplifier 8, and the computer calculates based on this signal. The inclination direction and the inclination angle of the inclination change occurring at that location or the amount of change in the inclination angle are calculated.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the inclinometer according to the present invention. 3 and 4, reference numeral 4 denotes an oil tank filled with oil 5, and a spherical slide bearing 3 is attached to a lower end of a neck 4a extending below the oil tank. Reference numeral 12 denotes a cylindrical floating body, and the floating body 12 is connected to the spherical plain bearing 3 by a floating body connecting member 13. Floating body 12
Is placed in oil 5 for a damper to exert buoyancy, and the floating body 12 is a pendulum body (so-called reverse pendulum body) that can swing in any direction, such as front and rear, left and right, with the spherical slide bearing 3 as a fulcrum. ing. Two reference points 6x and 6y are attached to the circumferential surface of the cylindrical floating body 12 at the same height at an angle of 90 degrees. That is, assuming a horizontal plane H including the reference points 6x and 6y in the floating body 12, the reference points are respectively set on axes X and Y that intersect with the vertical support axis Z of the floating body 12 on the horizontal plane H and are orthogonal to each other. The reference point 6x and the reference point 6y are located, and the reference point 6x and the reference point 6y are equidistant from the vertical support axis Z. The reference points 6x and the reference points 6y are formed of a conductor. 7x and 7y are eddy current type displacement sensors similar to those shown in FIGS.
It is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the oil tank 4 so as to oppose x and 6y via the gaps d and d '. The eddy current type displacement sensors 7x and 7y output electric signals in response to the sizes of the gaps d and d '. The output signal is amplified by an amplifier 8 and sent to a computer (not shown) through a cable 9, where the output signal is processed by the computer to measure the direction of inclination and the amount of change in the inclination angle of the place where the floating body 12 is installed. You. Reference numeral 10 denotes an outer case of the inclinometer, and a level 11 is provided on an upper surface thereof. Then, when an outer casing 10 having a built-in floating body 12 serving as an inverted pendulum is attached to the wall surface of the structure at a location where the inclination is to be measured,
When the ground sinks or rises and the ground tilts in either direction, the oil tank 4 attached to the structure on the ground also tilts, but the floating body 12 is held vertically by buoyancy. Therefore, the gap d between the gauge 6x and the displacement sensor 7x, and the gauge 6y and the displacement sensor 7y
The size of the gap d ′ between the displacement sensors 7x,
7y, electrical output signals corresponding to the changed magnitudes of the gaps d and d '(output signals corresponding to the tilt angles in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of the generated tilt) are generated. The output signal is sent to the computer via the amplifier 8, and based on this signal, the computer calculates the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the inclination change or the amount of change in the inclination angle generated at the point. is there.

In the above embodiment, the type of the weight support 2 or the floating body connecting member 13 and the shape and structure of the floating body 12 are considered to affect the reactivity and stability of the inclinometer. As a result of various tests, good results were obtained when the weight support 2 or the floating body connecting member 13 was a ball chain, and as the structure of the floating body 12, the floating body 12 was pleated and the lower portion was made of vinyl chloride.

[0010]

As is apparent from the above embodiment, the inclinometer according to the present invention does not require a reference water tank, a vertical water cylinder, a water pipe piping, a differential transformer, etc., which are complicated in structure and complicated to adjust.
By simply attaching a single inclinometer to a measurement location, it is possible to measure the direction of tilt variation and the tilt angle for any tilt occurring at that location.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of an inclinometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II 'of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of an inclinometer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV ′ of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the inside of a conventional inclinometer.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Weight (pendulum) d
: Gap 2: weight support
d ': gap 3: spherical plain bearing (universal bearing) H
: Horizontal surface 4: Oil tank T
: Differential transformer 4a: Oil tank neck W
： Center axis 5 ： Oil X
: X axis 6x: Marking point Y
: Y axis 6y: Marking point Z
: Vertical support shaft 7x: Eddy current type displacement sensor 51: Weight (pendulum) 7y: Eddy current type displacement sensor 51a: Weight support 8: Amplifier 52: Suspension spring 9: Cable 53: Support 10: Masayoshi Toku 54:
Case 11: Level 55:
Oil 12: Floating body (pendulum pendulum) 56:
Differential transformer core 13: Floating body connecting member 57:
Differential transformer coil 58: Closed room

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Torusuke Natsukawa 1-29-29 Nishinohara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Central Reconstruction Consultants Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshifumi Hachisuka 2-26 Kotobukicho, Suita-shi, Osaka No. 5 Within Sogo Sosoku Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seigo Kitago 5-4-20 Nishinakajima, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka JR West Japan Consultants Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An X-axis and a Y-axis on an outer peripheral surface of a pendulum body that can swing in any direction, which are orthogonal to each other on a horizontal plane assumed for the pendulum body and intersect with a vertical support axis of the pendulum body.
On the extension of the axis, a reference point is set at each of two positions equidistant from the vertical support axis, and each of the reference points is opposed to the reference point via a gap, and an electric signal is generated in response to the displacement of the gap. A displacement sensor that outputs a tilt angle, and measures a variation amount of a tilt angle in an arbitrary direction based on a displacement of the two gaps detected by the displacement sensor. 2. A weight is suspended via a universal bearing, and a reference point of a conductor is set on the circumferential surface of the weight at an angle of 90 degrees. An eddy current type displacement sensor which opposes each other and outputs an electric signal in response to the displacement of the gap is provided, and a variation amount of the inclination angle in an arbitrary direction based on the displacement of the gap detected by the displacement sensor. An inclinometer characterized by measuring 3. A floating body is disposed in oil, and the floating body is connected to a universal bearing below the floating body to make the floating body a reverse pendulum body. Conductor reference points are set at an angle, and an eddy current type displacement sensor that opposes each of the reference points via a gap and outputs an electric signal in response to the displacement of the gap is provided. An inclinometer for measuring a variation amount of an inclination angle in an arbitrary direction based on a displacement of the gap detected by the displacement sensor.